US1525311A - Calculating machine - Google Patents

Description

O. O. MARTIN CALCULATING MACHINE Filed May 13, 1921 6 She ets-Sheet 1 Feb. 3, 1925.

O. O. MARTIN CALCULATING MACHINE Filed May 13, 1921 6 Sheets-Sheet INVENTUR Feb. 3, 1925.

O. O. MARTIN CALCULATI NG MACHINE 6 Sheet s-Sheet 5 Filed May 13, 1921 lNVENTUR Feb. 1925- 1,525,311

0. o. MARTIN CALCULATING MACHINE Filed May 13, 1921 6 SheetS-Shet 4 -11; =3 INVENTEIRII Feb. 3, 1925.

O. O. MARTIN CALCULATING MACHINE 6 Sheets-Sheet 5 Filed May 13, 1921 NVBNT'EIR @ZWLQ 711m F b. 3, 1925. v 1,525,311

I o. o. MARTlN CALCULATING MACHINE Filed May 15, 1921 6 Sheets-She t e lNVEINTEIR I Patented 3, 1925.

To all whom it may concern.

A 1 5 1 UNITED STATES PATENT OFF-ICE.

0mm 0. mm, or cnrcaeo; rumors, assgonon ro. numeral: accoume .ncm oonrounon, or new max, 1:.- Y., a coarona'rrox or-mrw'vom cancunarmo nacnmn Application me Kay 1:, 1921'. Serial 1:... 400,200.

to en- Be it known that I, OLIVER a citizen of the United States, residing at Chicago, Cook County, State of Illinois, have invented new and useful Improvements in Calculating Machines, lowing is a specification.

This invention has relation to computing devices and it is. particularly directed to means for operatin such devices.

A certain type 0% adding-subtracting machines is designed for attachment to typewritin machines, and the digit mechanism of sucl devices'is ordinarily connected with the numeral keys of the typewriter, with the result that the digit which the key represents is registered in the computing machine each time the key, is depressed. t is well known that the less force an o erator is compelled to exert in depressing t e keys of the ty ewriter, and the more rapidlfy the keys 0 the typewriter may be operated, the greater the usefulness and the commercial success of the machine, and anything which tends to interfere with such free peration of the typewriter is considered 0 o jectionable. Certain computin attachments of the type herein consider such as F the Wahl adding and subtracting machine in connection with which I have described the invention, are designed to be operated at very high speed, but the force required to o erate such machine in combination with tile typewriter to which it is attached, is necessarily much greater than the force needed for the operation of the typewriter aone. It is also found that a different keytouch is required, and that the operator is compelled to change from the ordinary snappy typewriter touch to an even stroke carryingt e key to the bottom-of its movement eve time a numeral key is depressed.

The prmcipal objectv of my invention is the provision of drivin means for such comut1n machine capab e of taking the extra lbad romthe typewriter key, inv order that the regular typewriter touch may be employed continuously. A further object is the provision of means for the purpose specified and attachable to such typewriter-computing machine withouhaltering the construction of the machine. Another ob'ect is to provide a mechanism compact enoug to fit into the very limited space above the typewriter keyboard and below the computing machine, and yet substantial enou h 0. MARTIN, d ll of which the fol ure the severe strain are subjected to.

The further objects of the invention and which suc devices its numerous features of special importanc e will be readily appreciated upon reading the following description; they are concisely set forth in the annexed claims; and they are fully illustrated in the appended drawings, of which:

Fig. 1 is a sectional side elevation through a typewriter-computing machine embodying the invention, and all such parts as are not necessary in order to disclose the method of attachm the devices to the ty ewriter have been omitted for the sake of cl earness, Fig. 2 is a frplnthelevation suliistantially 1n agreement wit t e reced' re except that the Wahl niechani s i lie s been omitted,

Fig. 3 illustrates in front elevation portions of the computing machine shown in Fig. 1 and discloses certain elements of my invention,

Fig. 4 shows, on 'a larger scale, the main portion of the structure of my invention separated from the entire combination of 1 1. In this figure a key is depressed an the main drive shaft has made a part of a rotation.

Figure 4} is a perspective view .of one of the digit disks as viewed from a point above, behin and to the right of it, said disk being in about the position shown in Fig. 4.

Fig. 5 is a right-hand side elevation of my device indicating the various means whereby the structure is interconnected with the typewriter, g

Fig. 6 is a plan view of certain details ap caring in Figs. 2 and 5,

ig. 7 illustrates the structure as viewed from the left-hand end, Fig. 8 shows a modified form of'the invention, and

Figs. 9 and 10 are detail views of portions of the said modified structure.

Reference is invited, in the first instance, to Figs. 1, 2 and 3. The numeral 1 denotes the frame of a typewriting machine, and this frame is made with a cross-member l", on which the main is supported. The. said main portion, 2, is (as will presently be explained) suitably connected to operate the actuator 3 of the computing machine, and above said actuaportion of my invention tor is slidably supported an accumulator or totalizer 4, such as is ordinarily employed In connection with this-type of actuating mechanism. The mechanism 2 is connected to be driven from a suitable source of power, such as an electric motor 9, the connect1ons o which are best shown in Fig. 5, and wluch will be referred to later.

In the mechanism 2 is a shaft 6, wh ch is constantly rotated by the motor 9, at high speed, toward the front of the. machine, i. e., in counterclockwise direction as viewer from the right. On this shaft is ournaled a series of devices, which for the purpose 0 this description ma be termed oscillators or, preferably, digltal transmitters, since thereis one such device for each numeral or digit key 8 of the typewriter, as best seen 1n Fig. 2. Each of these devices transmits to the balance of the mechanism the necessary motion from the power shaft 6. When a key 8 is depressed the transmitter corrc ndlng to said key is caused to be connects to the shaft 6 during one complete revolution of said shaft, and the transmitter operates upon the corresponding digit mechanism of the actuator 3 toregister a number in the accumulator 4. From this brief description it is seen that the-function of the power driven mechanism 2 is to operate the actuator 3, and for this reason said mechanism ma conveniently. be termed a sub-actuator.

1Z1 Fig. 4, the subactuator and its connections are shown on a larger scale, in order to bring out the details which will now'be described. To each of the numeral keys 8 is rigidly attached a vertically disposed arm 10, and this arm terminates at the top in a head, to which is fixed a laterally projecting stud 11. A stationary rod 12 extends across the sub-actuator, and on this red is hung,

in properly spaced relation to the arms 10 l 1 of the numeral keys, a series of trip levers 13.' Said levers are held elevated by light springs and they extend forward, their front.

ends carryin studs 14. On each of the latter is pivotal y hung a trip pawl 15, having a shoulder 15 disposed in the path of travel of the key lever stud" 11, and the pawl is yieldingly maintainedin the ath of the said stud by suitable means, suc as a light spring 16.

To the continuously rotating shaft 6 are rigidl secured a series of ratchet wheels 17, and t ese wheels are properly spaced relative to the trip levers and the keys. Adjacent to each .ratchet wheel is hung one of the above mentioned transmitters which comprises a concentric disc 18 rigidly combined with an eccentric disc 21 best shown in Fig. 1. The disc 18 is made with a shoulder 18",

which normally, as indicated in Fig. 1, abuts a shoulder 13 of the trip lever 13. On the side of the disc 18 is hung a ratchet pawl 19,

engagement with the ratchet wheel '17, but it is normally retained out of such engagement by the fact that the end of the awl abuts the said shoulder 13' of the trip ever. On the eccentric 21 is hung a strap 20, which,

f through the medium offan adjustable rod 24,

connects the sub-actuator with the actuator 3. A series of back-lash pawls 25 are hung 'on a rod 26, above the transmitters, and each pawl engages a shoulder 18 of thedisc 18.

' A de ression of one of the key levers 1 causes t e stud 11 to travel downward, and

when the key lever approaches the limit of guired to trip the lever 13 is so slight that itoes not influence the operation of the typewriter. The moment the tri lever is withdrawn the ratchet pawl 19 is released and drawn into engagement with the adjacent ratchet wheel, which then picks up the transmitter and imparts a rotation to the latter.

At the end of the rotation the end of thepawl 19' swingsv into the path of the trip lever shoulder 13, and, as a consequence, the

pawl is raised out of engagement with the ratchet wheel, whereupon the oscillator comes to a sto portant to note that the spring 23 of the ratchet pawlacts as a. buffer spring, and I wish to point out that the parts have been so neatly proportioned that the oscillator comes to a stop very gently, no sound of a blow being discernible. The back lash pawl 25 drops into place simultaneously, and the pawl spring 23 urges the transmitter against this pawl. This is also important because it operates to maintain the mechanism under tension, whereby rattling noises are eliminated. The two pawls 13 and 25, acting on the disk 18 in opposite directions, retain said f its stroke the stud 11 reaches and carries when the shoulder 18 comes into contact wlth the shoulder 13. It is im-- disk and the eccentric 21 in correct normal one end it has a'slot whereby it is given suflicient freedom to'permit of depressing the lever, 13 but no more freedom. When the transmitter rotates the awl 25 gradually rises to the high part of ti disc 18, and during this rising movement, it draws the trip lever upward and into the path of the shoulder 18. The trip lever is thus positively returned, which 1s very e periphery of the v important and absolutely necessary, for were it not so, and if the operator absentmindedly held the key depressed,then the machine would as aconsequence repeat 1; but as theillever is l'ltively returned the ipperator wi feel a s ig t blow ainst his n er, if he attempts to hold thdiey depressed, and he will know that he must confine himself to the use of the ordinary typewriter touch.

Another condition is 'to be guarded against. Where the key is struck a very rapid blow it may happen that the key lever gets back before the transmitter has completed a rotation, and that it then rebounds, causing a second release of the trip lever. I have safeguarded against this condition by swinging the trip pawl 15 out of the way at the time such repeating might be possible, and this swinging movement may conveniently be obtained by providing a heel 15 on the trip pawl and in the path of the eccentric disc 21.

At thebase of the sub-actuator is rotatably hung a rod 30, on which is mounted a bail comprising arms 31 and a bar 32, and said bail'is by an adjustable rod 33 connected with the typewriter escapement rocker 34. Each eccentric strap 20 is provided with a heel 20 which, during the rotation of the oscillator, swings into the path of said spacing bar 32, and pushes the bar rearward, thereby operating the escapement. It is to be noted that the numeral keys are relieved directly above the typewriter universal bar 35, so that they will not strike said bar, and that, due to this construction, .the typewriter escapement is entirely controlled by the subactuator when the latter is operated.

When, however, the shift key, 40, of the typewriter is desprcssed, it becomes necessary to release the sub-actuator from operation by the numeral keys, and at the same time to connect said keys to operate the typewriter escapement, and mechanism suitable for such purpose is illustrated in Figs. 1 and 7 The shift lever 40 is by a 'link 41 connected to rock a bell-crank 42, which latter is made with a stud 42 engaging a perforation 43 of a connecting bar 43, and this bar is in turnpivotally hung on an arm 44.. of a rock-shaft 45. 1), "extending across the sub-actuator, is

rigidly mounted on said shaft 45, and it takes a positioniadjacent to a. toe 15 of each trip pawl 15. When the shift key is depressed the movement of the shift lever, through the instrumeutalities just described, causes said bar to swing into the path of each toe 15, and thereby'to swing the trip pawl out of the path of -the numeral key stud 11. The lower end of the connecting bar 43 is journaled on a. rock-frame 47, which is provided with a stud 48, and this stud engages the ann 50 of a bail suspended from the spacing bar frame 31. Said bail is made A bar 46 (see Fig.-

to support a rod 51 which, when the shift key 1s depressed, takes a position under and in the ath of a hook 8 of each of the numeraley' levers 8. j

' Froni the foregoing description it is seen that the depression of the shift lever operates to disconnect the sub-actuator and to connect the key, lever with the escapement. In case it is'desired to maintain the subactuator disconnected for a longer period, it is only necessary to lock the mechanism just described in inoperative position in a suitable manner. The mechanism herein provided for this purpose comprises a handlever 38 rigidly secured to the rock-frame 47 and provided with a finger-piece 39. ,On the end of the bracket 52, which supports said rock-frame, is mounted a lock-pawl 53, and this pawl is provided with a face 53 for engagement with a stud 54 of the said lever 38. The operator takes hold of the lever 38 and the lock-lever at the same time and presses the two levers together with the fingers of his left hand until the shoulder 53 engages the stud 54, and the mechanism remains locked until he again withdraws the lock-lever 53 from the lever 38. Attention is called to a spring 55, which operates upon the bar 43 to urge the parts into normal position, and it will be noticed that the tension of this spring also serves to retain the levers 38 and 53 interlocked, until manually released. It is also important to note that the perforation 43 of the bar 43, in which the stud 421 of the bellcrank 42 is seated to operate, is elongated in order that the shift key may remain undisturbed and have freedom of movement while the sub-actuator remains disconnected.

In the actuator 3 of the lVahl mechanism as heretofore constructed there is provided what is termed a single key mechanism. which mechanism permits only one fan 22 to be oscillated at a time, as well known to those versed in the art. This mechanism is very readily removable, and I prefer to remove it because it is not required where the sub-actuator is employed, and also because it retards the key action. A number of other parts operating upon said fans and combining to form a full stroke mechanism may also be removed or omitted, for the reason that the transmitters are proportioned to produce the correct full stroke required. which stroke obviously remains invariable.

The single key mechanism which has been removed from the actuator. or the equivalent of this mechanism, is in the structure of my invention, applied to the numeral key levers, in order that only one such lever may be depressed at one time, for it is obvious that, if a plurality of keys were simultaneously dc ressed, a COlllSlOIl would result, which W0 (1 tie u the actuator. To this end I have mounted: single key mechanism which extends into the path of the rockers 62. This projection is placed a certain dis tance above said rockers, in order that the i projection may .enter the single key mechanlsm at the time the stud 11 reaches the shoulder 15 of the trip pawl 15. It isimportant to note'that the key lever does not enter the single key mechanism until it has nearly reached the end of its stroke, whereas, in the lVahl actuator, the fan 22 enters at the beginning of the stroke, and'remains there until the key has fully returned.

A machine of the Wahl type is adapted for multi-column work, and some columns may contain straight figures, while in other columns punctuations, such as commas and periods, may be interposed, and totalizers are constructed to suit such different conditions, asis commonly known. A space is left vacant in the totalizer at the place where t punctuation occurs, and the operator is supposed to depress the typewriter space bar in order to jump over this space, or to depress the proper punctuation key, both of which operations have no influence upon the computing machine. But the operator may forget that a punctuation is required and attempt to set up the next figure, with the result that he will release the sub-actuator and tie up the machine. Various preventative means may be employed, and in Figs. 1 and 3 I have shown mechanism connected to throw a bar into the path o'f-hooks 8 of the numeral key levers. On top of the totalizer 4 is secured a plate having one or more V-shaped earns 71 positioned directly above each vacant space in the totalizer. Pivotally mounted on the stationary machine frame is a lever 72 provided with a V- shaped tooth 72, said tcoth extending downward into the path of the cams 71. The totalizer, travellng with the typewriter carriage, operates upon said tooth to rock the lever and in turn to throw the bar 70 into the path of the key levers, every time one of said cams passes the said tooth, as a consequence of which the depression of the key levers is arrested and the operation of the sub-actuator is prevented. The lever 72 is connected with the rocking frame 70 by a link 73, as shown in Fig. 1.

While the motor is running the subactuator must be capable of operation, but suppose the motor .suddenly and unexpectcdly comes to a stop, or if the operator intentionally stops the motor but forgets to disconnect the sub-actuator, then it becomes necessary to block the operation of the key levers. Otherwise a person may unintentionally or maliciously'depress any number of the numeral key levers successively and thereby release the corresponding transmitters, and it will be very difficult for the operator to detect that the transmitters have been tripped, particularly because a device of this kind intariably is enclosed within a casing. The machine will be tied up if more than one transmitter has been released and the operator then turns on the urrent to start'the motor. Such accident is preventable in various ways. and one means of prevention is illustrated in Figs. 5 and 6, where a spring-held mechanism is provided for locking the single key mechanism While the motor is stopped, and where a centrifugal governor of the motor shaft operates upon said mechanism to release the single key mechanism while the motor is running.

The single key locking mechanism comprises a lever 81, on which is pivotally hung a bar 82, and this bar is urged rearward by a spring 88. The bottom of the lever 81 is bent over'horizontally and it terminates in a cam the motor is started and commences to speedup it is found that the governor operates to force the top of said arm 83 forward, against the tension of a strong spring 84, and that the pin 87, of the said arm,

pushes the bar 82 forward, against the tension of the spring 88, thereby tipping the lever 81 forward sufficiently single key mechanism. Attention is directed to the head of the lever 81, which is bent forward to-form a hook 81 positioned directly above the rock-shaft 45. On the latter is simultaneously to release the 81 which, when said lever is tilted by the mounted an arm 89, and this arm is free to rock with the shaft within said hook, while the motor is running. When the motor stops, however, and the lever 81 as a consequence is drawn iearward, t is found that the hook also is moved rearward until it touches said arm 89, as indicated in dotted outline in Fig. 5. In this position the single key mechanism is looked, as explained, and

the numeral keys of the typewriterare made inoperative, but I have shown that the subactuator can be permanently disconnected by throwing the hand-lever 38, which movement causes the shaft 45 to rock, carrying with it the arm 89, which in turn operates upon the hook 81 to tilt the lever 81 and thereby to release the single key mechanism. The perforation of the bar 82, in which the stud 87, rides, is made sufficiently elongated to permit the bar and lever to be moved, as I just explained, without disturbing the gov.- ernor connections, and without adding the extra load of thespring 84. Between the governor and the arm 83 it is well to place suitable elements, such as a washer 85 and a soft pad 86, forthe purpose of reducing friction and co uent wear on the parts.

It has some fivantages to provide the structure of my invention with an independent set ofnumeral keys. and such a modified structure is shown in Figs. 8, 9 and 10. But in order to employ such modified device it becomes necessary to provide more room than most typewriting machines afford. In the Remington machine, which is the type of machine indicated in the'drawings, it is possible to obtain such extra space by lengthenin the. keyhlevers 90, 91 substantially as s own. e sub-actuator, on the other hand, becomes much simplified, because much of the hereinbefore described connections can be omitted.

On the cross bar 92 of the typewriter frame 92 is mounted a base 93 which, with the side pieces 94, 94 (see Figs. 9-and10) constitute a sub-actuator frame in every important res t similar to the frame of the structure dzs cribed. The digital transmitters and the eccentric straps 95 may also remain substantially as described, and the trip-levers 96 are mounted to hold said transmitters inoperative in exactly the manner stated. But the trip pawl 15 is omitted in this structure, and in its place the trip levers have been made to extend forward and to terminate in a series of keys 97. When one .of these keys is depressed, the corresponding and a transmitter is caused to be release number is set up in the computin machine, as described. To each numeral ey 90 of the typewriter has been afiixed a vertically disposed arm 98, and this arm is formed at the top to support a rotatable roller 99, which latter takes a sition directly beneath the eccentric 100. Th: function of these elements is to operate the key lever. It has been stated that the device is capable of operating at high speed (a speed of eighteen hundred revolutions per minute havin been recorded), as a consequence of which t e depression of the key lever, caused by the eccentric engaging said roller, is performed at a speed at least as high as that attained by the ordinary finger depression. It is important to note that, due to the peculiarity of the eccentric movement, the key stroke is relativel slow and increasing toward the end of the stroke, and this is the ideal typewriter key stroke to employ. In operating this form .of the invention, typewriting can be done without calculating by using the typewriter keys 90 and 91, which do not affect the com 'uting mechanism th w r w W are sed,

the beginning of v v U the motor operates the cormstgonding numeral keys 90 and thus prints e computed numbers.

The single key mechanism is struck tune applied directly to the'trip levers 96, and it comprises a pairofplates 102', 108, mounted in spaced relation, between which the rockers 104 are pivotally hungsgnd the trip levers are positioned directclly a ve' said rockers in order that the least epression of a key will brin its lever into the single key mechanism. 'i he ty writer key-lever-escapement connections ave been restored, as no connection between the sub-actuator and the escapement is uired, but a mechanism for closingthe sir igle key mechanism when the motor is stopped is, of course, required here as in the first structure described. Such mechanism is indicated in Figs. 9 and 10, where a pin 105 is shown slidably" fitted in the side piece 94' of the sub-actuator frame, said pin having its inner end abutting one of said rockers 104, the last rocker to the right. -The outer end of the pin is operated upon by a cam bar 106 to crowd said rocker against the next following rockers, and

thereby to lock the single key mechanism,

'when the motor is stopped. The bar 106 is,

the trip levers 96. To this end I have detached one of the rockers 104, and in its place I have placed a pair of half-size rockers 110. A special lever 111 has been provided for operation between said half-size rockers, and this lever is connected, throu h the medium of an adjustable rod, with t e lever 72 of the actuator frame. It is readily seen that the tilting of said lever, as hereinbefore explained, results in a depression of the lever 111, which lever instantly enters between the said two rockers 110 and thereby locks the single key mechanism.

I claim:

1. In a subcctuator, a power driven shaft, a series of ratchet wheels rigid on the shaft, a disc adjacent to each wheel and having a pawl urged into engagement with said wheel. a depressible lever normally maintainin said pawl disengaged, a back-lash pawl, and connections between said pawl and lever for positively restoring the lever after each depression, so as to stop the disc at the end of a. complete revolution.

2. The combination with a typewriter and an actuator, of a series of eccentric carryin discs for oscillating digit members of said actuator, a power driven shaft turned, said lever depressible to release'the disc 'for rotation by said shaft, a back-lash 2171 riding onthe periphery'of the disc, a

, positively connectingsaid pawl and lever soxas to restore the lever as the pawl rises on the eripheral cam of said disc, said bar provid v v at one pivotal point in order that the lever maybe depressed to release said disc, and a yielding member constantly urging thepawl and lever together. I

3. The combination with a typewriter and.

' an actuator, of a prime mover, a su -actuamover i's'stoplped.

ination with a typewriter and tor having digit members connected operate the digit members of said actuator,

ke sfor releasing the digit members of said su -actuator to be rotated by said prime mover, a single keymechani'sm, and means for maintaimng said single key mechanism open for key operation while the said prime mover is running and closed whilesaid prime mover is not running.

4. The combination with a typewriter and an actuator, of a sub-actuator comprising a series of rotatable members for operatmg the digit mechanism of said actuator, a

prime mover for rotating said members, keys.

for releasing the members for rotation, means permitting the release of only one member at a time, and means for preventing the release of said members when the prime 5. The com an actuator, of a sub-actuator including a series-of rotatable digit members connected 7 to operate said actuator, a prime mover-for rotating said digit members, a trip lever maintaining each member unturned, .an arm secured to each key lever of the typewriter, a pawl on each trip lever and yieldingly maintained in the path of travel of said'arm, said pawl operated upon by a stud of said arm to release the digit member when the key lever is depressed; and means operated by said prime mover for moving said out of the path of said stud.

6. The combination with a typewriter and an actuator, of a series of power driven members connected to operate said actuator, a prime mover, a series of keys for releasing said members for rotation by said prime mover, means permitting the release of only pawl one member, at a time, means operating to' with an elongated perforation corresponding member when the key lever is depressed, and manual means 0 erableto withdraw said pawl from the-pat of am] of said pin.

p 8. The combination with a t pewriter and an attached computingmachme, of a. subactuato'r, a motor connected to operate said sub-actuator, a series 'of ke s for'releasing' the digit members of the su actuator, a sin- 'gle key mechanism, for said keys, .means yieldingly urging said single key mechanism into locked sition when the motor is stopped in or er to prevent key depression, and means coming into action upon starting the motor for releasing said-mechanism for key de ression.

9. T e combination with numeral keys, I

computing mechanism, and power driven means for operating saidcomputing mechanism under the control of said keys, of connertions. whereby said keys control said power driven mechanism, andmeans acting automatically. to lock said numeral keys when thepower is turned 011:.-

10. The combination with numeralkeys, computing mechanism, and a continuously rotating driver for said computing mechanism, of connections whereby said keys control the action of said driver on said computing mechanism, and means acting automatically to lock saidfnumeral keys when said continuously rotating driver is stopped.

11, The combination with numeral keys, computing mechanism, a continuously rotating device foractuating said computing mechanism, and connections whereby said keys control the action said rotating device on said computing nixhanism, of a lock for said keys, and a centrifugaldevice on said rotating device connected to release said look by the rotation of said rotating device.

12. The combinat on with typewriting mechanism including numeral keys. computing mechanism, a power driven actuator for said computing mechanism, and connections whereby said keys may control said actuator. of a lock acting automatically to lock said keys when the power mechanism is inoperative, means operable at will to disable said key connections and thereby the computing mechanism,and means connected with said disabling means for releasing sa d lock. 13. The combination -with typewriting mechanism including numeral keys, letter.

keys, a carriage, and carriage feed mechanism; computing mechanism; a power actuator for said computing mechanism; and controlling connections from said numeral keys to said actuating mechanism, of means operable at will for connecting said connections and for disconnecting them to enable independent operation of the ty e-.

writing mechanism, and means control ed by said connecting and disconnecting means for shifting the control of said carriage teed umen v I mechanism to said power actuator when the latter is in operation and to said numeral keys when said. actuating mechanism is out Of operation. 3

14. The combination with typewriting mechanism including numeral keys and letter keys, computing mechanism, and connections whereby said numeral keys may control said'computing mechanism, of means for connecting-and disconnecting said connections, carriage feed mechanism including a universal bar for the letter keys but not operated by the numeral keys, a special-universal ba'r for said numeral keys, means whereby said computing mechanism may --operate said carriage feed mechanism, and

' connections from the last mentioned means and from said special universal bar to said connect and dlsconnect devices whereby when the computing mechanism is in operation it controls the carriage feed and whereby when said computing mechanism is out of operation the carriage feed by the numeral keys is controlled through said special universal bar.

15. In a machine of the class described, the combination with a power driven digit disk, of a trip dog; adapted to arrest said disk, a pawl adapted to prevent back-lash of said disk, and means whereby said backlash pawl positively restores said trip dog to arresting position.

16. In a machine of the class described, the combination with a power driven digit disk, of a trip dog engaging a shoulder of said disk to prevent forward rotation of the latter, a pawl engaging said disk to prevent back-lash of said disk, and a lost motion'connection between said back-lash pawl and said trip dog, whereby said pawl positively .restores said dog to operative position.

17. In a machine of the class described, the combination with a continuously rotating shaft, a ratchet wheel fast on said shaft, a disk loose on said shaft and having a driving pawl adapted for engagement with and disengagement from said ratchet wheel, of a trip dog normally engaging a shoulder of said disk to prevent forward rotation thereof and also engaging said pawl to hold the latter away from said ratchet wheel, a second pawl engaging said disk to prevent back-lash thereof, a lost motion connection and a spring connecting said pawl and said dog, and means whereby in the course of its rotation said disk raises said pawl and through said connection positively moves said dog into operative position, said pawl thereafter snapping down behind its engaging shoulder.

18. In a combined typewriting and calculating machine, the combination with typewriting mechanism, and calculating mechanism including an actuator mounted above the typewriter keybm rd, of a ower sub-actuator below said actuator an connected with said actuator by a series of dlgital lmks, said sub-actuator including a power shaft, 9. series of eccentrics for operating'said links, and means for coupling said eccentrics one at a time to said power shaft. i 7

19.1111 a combined typewriting and calculat ng machine, the combination with the pr nting keys and carriage of the typewriter, and calculating mechanism," of a power drive including a power-driven part and a series of key controlled d" 'tal trans-'- mitters, of carriage feed mechanism includmg a universal frame, means whereby said frame may be operated by said digital transmitters, means whereby said frame ma be operated by said keys, and means for s 'ftmg from one such operation to the other.

20. In a calculating machine, the combination with calculating mechanism and a traveling carriage, of a power drive for said calculating mechanism comprising a series of digital eccentrics and straps and means for rivin said eccentrics one at a time, heels on said eccentric stra s, and a universal member operated by said heels for feeding said carriage. I

21. In a combined typewriting and calculating machine, the combination with ty writing mechanism including a case s 1ft key, calculating mechanism, and a power drive for said calculating mechanism, of means whereby said power drive is controlled by the numeral keys of the typewriter, and means whereby an operation of said case shift key disconnects said power drive.

22. In a combined typewriting and cal culating machine, the combination with t pewriting mechanism including carriage eed mechanism and a case shift key, calsaid calculating mechanism, of means whereby said power drive is controlled by the numeral keys of the typewriter, means whereby said carriage feed mechanism is operated by said ower drive, and means whereby an operation of said case shift key disables said wer mechanism and connects said carriage feed mechanism directly with said numeral keys.

23. In a combined typewriting and calculating-machine, the combination of typewriting mechanism including a universal bar operated by the letter keys but not by the numeral keys of the typewriter, a special universal bar shiftable mto and out of osition to be operated by said numeral eys, calculating mechanism, a wer drive for said calculatin mechamsm, means whereby said power 've may operate said carriage feed mechanism, and means whereby said case shift key disables said power III Ill

becontrolled bythe numeral keys of the writer,v means '1 whereby: said power rive may operate said carriage feed mecha- 15 msm, hand operated means for disablin said power drive and for connecting sai numeral keys to operate said carriage feed mechanism, a case shift key,- -and means .whereby said case shift key may tempo- 20' rarily o erate said disabling means and said means or connecting the numeral keys to the carriage feed mechanism.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto affixed my signature.

OLIVER o. MARTIN.

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