US1524989A

US1524989A - Hydraulic siphoning machine

Info

Publication number: US1524989A
Application number: US680563A
Authority: US
Inventors: Mcminn Thomas Leonard
Original assignee: B W HARVEY; H M BURGESS; M D BURGESS; T R BURGESS; W E BURGESS
Current assignee: B W HARVEY; H M BURGESS; M D BURGESS; T R BURGESS; W E BURGESS
Priority date: 1923-12-13
Filing date: 1923-12-13
Publication date: 1925-02-03
Anticipated expiration: 1942-02-03

Description

' Feb. 3. 1925.

T. L. M MINN HYDRAULIC SIPHONING MACHINE vFiled Dec. 13, 1923 4 Sheets-Sheet 1 WITNESSES INVENTOR IL. /I/ an,

A TTORNEYS Feb.'3. 1925. 1,524,989

. v T. L. MQMINN HYDRAULIC S IPHONING MACHINE Filed Dec. 15, 1923 4 SheetsSheet 2 amwlmmm IN VEN TOR Z'L Ji /Winn,

A TTORNE YS WITNESSES 2g T. M MINN HYDRAULIC SIPHONING MACHINE 4 Sheets-Sheet 3 Filed Dec. 13. 1923 III 111% ATTORNEYS Feb. 3. 1925.

Feb. 3. 1925. -1,524,989

T. L. M MI NN HYDRAULIC SIPHONING MACHINE Filed D c, 13, 1923 4 Sheets-Sheet 4 A TTORNE Y5 WITNESSES I Patented Feb. 3, 1925,

UNETEZ? srn rnsr THOIIIAS LEONARD MCMI'NN,' OF WELLINGTON,"ALABAMA, ASSIGN-OR*OF ONE-SIXTH TO H. M. BURG-ESE ONEFTWELFTH' TO ROBERT BURGESSyONE-TWELFTH TO B. W'. HARVEY, ONE-TWELFTH TO T. BURGESS;'--O1 TE TVJ'E'NTY-FGURTH' TO M. D. BUR- GESS, AND ONE TVJEIITY-FOURTH-TOVJ'. E. BURGESSyALL OF WELLINGTON, ALA- BAMA.

Application filed December 13 1923;

Z '0 (ill/10. mm. 2'!" may concern Be it known that I, THOMAS LEONARD MCMINN, a citizen of the United States, and a resident of Wellington, in the county or Calhoun and State of Alabama, have invented certain new anduseful Improve ments in Hydraulic siphoning Machines, of which the-following is a specification.

This invention relates-to .a hydraulic siphoning machine and has for its. object the provision of a device which is adapted to be employed in conjunctionv with a siphon or other source of water supply for forcing a portion of the water to a higher level by thepower developed by the pressure of the source of water.

A further object of the invention is the provision of a device in which the pump is operated by a siphon for elevating the water to a higherlevel and in whichthe combined action of the'pnmpand siphon provides a constant water pressure. from shallow wells and cisterns or springs.

A further objectot the inventionis the provision of a pump operated by the force otwater under pressure and which water forms the usual supply to one or more buildings, the pressure otthe water being utilized in the pump tor raising the water to a higher elevation than the pressure of the water is ordinarily capable of raisingthe water, the supply of water being automatically 001e, I trolled by the pressure acting on the pump. v

ing mechanism A still further object of the invention is the provision-of a device designed to cooperate with the siphon for raising watertrom a great number of wells and cisterns with suflic-ientforce to give a constant water pressure any reasonable number'oit feet above the surface or" the ground and to supply buildingssituated on elevated places in cities with suiiicient water where the normal water pressure is incapable of furnishing an adequate supply to said buildings.

Another object of the invention is to supply an increased water pressure in those olaces where it is desired to run tans dish 1 7 washing and other machines which are driven by water power and in which the- I nally threaded boss 6.

HYDRAULIC SIPHONING- hIAt'J-HINE;

Serial -No.- 680,563.

This invention will be best understood irom a consideration of the following de tailed description, in view of the accompanying drawing forming a part of the spec ification; nevertheless it is to be understood that the invention is not confined to the dis-- closure, being susceptible of such changes and modifications which shall define no material departure from the salient features of the invention as expressedin the appended claims.

In the drawings;

F l'gure 1 is a plan View of an embodiment otmy invention.

Figure 6 is a horizontal section of myhydraulic siphoning machine.

F igure? is a longitudinal vertical section of the machine.

Figure 8 discloses more or less diagram- ,matically my improved hydraulic machine used in connection with a siphon and a plu rality' of spigots;

Figure 9 shows diagrammatically a variation of my machine employed in connection with a siphon.

Figure. 10 shows diagrammatically the connection of my machine with the siphon.

Referring more particularly to the drawings, 1 designates the working barrel or low pressure cylinder of my hydraulic pump in which is adapted to be reciprocated a piston 2. The opposite ends of the cylinder are flanged as shown at 3 and d and to the flange a is bolted a head 5 having an inter- ;i high pressure cylinder 7 openat its opposite ends has its in nernend threaded and screwed into the internally threaded boss. The otherend of the cylinder is likewise threaded and upon which is screwed an internally threadedcap S.

A piston 9 operates in cylinder 7 and is connected to the outer end of a rod 10, the

lllt

inner end of the rod being rigidly connected with the piston 2. The rod is adapted to slide through a stufiing box comprising an externally threaded nipple 11 and a cap 12. The cap is adapted to retain the usual packing upon the end of the nipple 11.

The rod 10 has a short projection 13 projecting beyond the piston 2 and threaded to receive the internally threaded end of a sleeve 14. A bolt 15 is screwed into the opposite threaded end of said sleeve for supporting a hanger 16. The upper end of the hanger 16 is provided with a passage through which the bolt 15 is inserted and the lowerend is provided with an internally threaded passage into which is screwed the bent end 17 of a bar 18 adapted to be reciprocated upon the bottom of a cylinder 19. Said cylinder has one end closed as shown at 20 and its other end open but provided with flanges adapted to be secured to the flanges of the working barrel 1.

The cylinder 19 is provided with flanged openings 21 and 22 formed in the side wall of the cylinder with the flanges 23 projecting laterally from said cylinder. Mounted upon one laterally projecting flange 23 is a square valve casing 24. The inner end of the square casing 24 is provided with a flange 25 adapted to be secured to the outer end of the projection 23 by means of bolts 26. The side walls of the casing 24 are provided with longitudinal passages through which are inserted bolts 27 for not only locking the cover 28 from the outer end of the casing but aids in supporting the easing on the lateral projection 23 when the said bolts are screwed into threaded perforations on the end of said projection.

The casing 24, as shown more particularly in Figure 3, is provided with an upper chamber 29 and a pair of lower chambers 30 and 31. The partition 32 which separates chamber 29 from 30 and 31 is provided with a passage 33 upon which is adapted to seat a valve 34. The partition is likewise provided with an opening 35 affording communication between

chamber

29 and 31 and is adapted to be closed by a valve 36 operated by an arm 37. The arm 37 and an arm 38 which carries valve 34 is integrally formed with a boss 39 mounted on and for rotation with a shaft 40.

An opening 41 formed in the top of the chamber 29 is adapted to be closed by a plug 42. The opening and plug permits inspection of the interior of the casing.

An inlet pipe 43 is in communication with the chamber 29 and is connected with an inlet pipe which is in communication with the supply pipe of the water source.

in Figure 3 the pressure of water from the pipe 44 is directed against the inner face of piston 2.

The valvev box 24 has second opening 46 formed at the bottom of the chamber 30 and to which is connected a pipe 47 which is directed forwardly and then upwardly and connected to a pipe 48. The forward end of the pipe is connected to a threaded boss 49 which embraces an opening 50. This opening is formed in the cylinder head 5 and places said pipe in communication with the forward end or the cylinder 1 for reversing the piston 2 when the valve 34 has been opened and valve 36 closed.

The exhaust valves for permitting the water to discharge from either the forward or the rear end of cylinder 1 and likewise from the cylinder 19 is included in a valve casing 51. This valve casing is similar in construction to valve casing 24 and is shown in Figure 4 as having a lower chamber 52 and two upper chambers 53 and 54.

As has been explained the forward end of conduit 48 is connected to the cylinder head 5 while the opposite end is extended laterally, as shown at 55 and connected with an opening 56 in the top of the chamber 53. An opening 57 in the rear wall of the casing 51 affords an open communication between the chamber 54 and the interior of the cylinder 19. A drain pipe 58 is connected with an opening in the bottom of the chamber 52 to permit the water to drain from this chamber which is alternately supplied from chambers 53 and 54.

A shaft 59 is mounted in an externally threaded boss 60 which forms a bearing for said shaft and a cap nut 61 1S screwed onto.

packing to prevent loss of fluid. around the shaft.

A hub 64 is rigidly connected to the shaft; 59 and is provided with a pair of integrally formed oscillating arms 65 and 66. The arm 65 carries a valve 67 adapted to close at times a passage 68 formed in the partitions between the chamber 53 and the chanr ber 52. A. valve 69 is carried by arm 66 and is adapted to control the flow of fluid through a passage 70 formed in the partition between the chamber 54 and chamber 52.

A crank shaft 71 is mounted for oscillation in the cylinder 19 and has a reduced portion at one end mounted for rotation within a socket in a boss 72 integrally eases? formed with the shaft 40. The oppositeend 01 the crank shaft is provided With'a re; duced portion adapted to be rotatably mountedwitliin a socketformed in a bess 73 which is integrally formed with shaft Upon the central portion ot the shaft 71 is loosely mounted a. wheel 74L which is provided with a pair of spacedpins 75- and/T 6 projecting laterally from a face of the wheel and which are adapted to engage at timesa pin 77 rigidly connected to the shaft 71. A pin TSrigidly connected to the shaft adjacent one end is adapted to be alternatel'y engaged by pins 7 9 and SO projecting tronrone end of the boss 72. A pair of pins 81 and 82 projecting laterally from, the face of the boss 73 is adapted to be alternateiy engaged by apin 83. rigidly connected with shaft 71.

The shaft '71 is provided with a crank 8% which is located between the, wheel. 7e and the boss 73. A spring 85l 1as oneend connected to the crank as shoWn aLSG-and its other end connectedto an eye 87,; The eye is screwed into a 'plugiSS which.-- is threaded into the threadedopening in the closed end 20 of the cylinder. 19... i

A strap 89 securedlat 90lto "the oscillating bar 18 acentits inner end is coiled about the periphery of the wheel Hand secured at 91 to said wheel. v A. strap 92 secured to the outer end at 93 of the bar ll8 hastits opposite end secured at 91 to the, wheel i.

A. pipe 94 is connected to the pipe 414. and is carriedforwardly oflthepumping ma chine and placed in communication withthe outer end of the cylinder T b'y meahs otthe short connection 95. A valve 9 6 in the pip 94; permits the water from ,pipe44t. to. flow into cylinder '7 at its forward endbut pres vents a return flow of the water, A pipe 97 connects the pipe 414: to the innerend of the cylinder 7. A valve 98,1ocateldi1i the, pipe 9? permits water to flow to the cylinder 7 but prevents a back pressure of the water upon the source of supply through the pipe 44 i A pipe 99 connected throughthe inner end of the cylinder to the boss disconnected with a pipe 100 which forms the supply pipe for the buildings. 'A spigot 101 is employed for the purpose of releasing water from the pipe 100. An air chamber 102 i's connected to the high pressure pipe 100 and is adapted to provide elasticity for the whole machine during its operation. The chamber 102 pm videsan air cushion in the same nianner as is ordinarily employed in force pumpsf'A valve 103 is located inpipe 99m P8131111.- the water to flow to pipe 100 but prevents return of water to the system throughthe inner end of cylinder 7. '1

A pipe10at connected with the pipe 9t and likewise theshort connection to the outer end; o-t' the. cylinder 7 is likewise connected i lliripe' QQ Ii eQI Q s mply id. pipe with water under an increased pres: sur ed A valy e located iir pipe 10% prev t the return of waterto the pipe and the forward end of cylinder 7 but permigts the water under high pressnre to flow through the spigot lOl when said spigotiis rea e i Referring more particularly to; Figure 10, an adaptation.otmy invention to a sip hen 1Q Y AI i 'CQ o S pply 05? hs a cistern, well or spring is disposed below th e level ot the pump 1. A'pipelQT having its lowerwend immersed in o, the soureeis extended vertically upward and has I a horil ta ir iftie 1 8ml mn ve tica P9 1 109 nded 1 dewnw d'ly d. t ms the train fo r thesiphon. The lower end is located {in .a pool or cistern 110 which must be, located below the source v in order to operate the siphon. I

A pipe 14; connects the vertical pipe of the siphon' to the. yalye casing 24;,ofthe hyiwvr r. 1 QT n re lhe v lve casing 51 is connected to, a drain pipe 58 which is in v communication with ,the j drain p ipe 10 9. ot the siphon The liigh pressure cylinder 1 7 ii is shown J connected -with the P p, 1 n th rip 1 01. cemented w t the high pressure cylinder 7 e'u fefi shears. h ir h-pressu y tem pipe lOQ; may be tapped by two or more pipes and how any number OfdlYCll'iLlltSlIlkl) be arranged; in connection W1tl1 tl1Q. pipes and this, provides a means torsupplying two or more vfamilies with water from the same P111111; It will only 'be necessary, to start the ow of water, to, turn, the hydrantan d to stop the nachine would be to turn off the hydrant. Theflpump 1 is, connected to the siphon 118 while a pump 1 is;connected to a tank 115 and a higher level in the tank 114. The arrangement pf the severalpumps in Figure 8 "discloses the connection of both punip sfto the drain of the. siphon. The conn eummr the. severalpumps to the same drain is torthe purpose oteconomy in the cost o'f installing the machine. The drain pipe in all cases where the siphon is employedmust be submerged in water in order to prevent airentering the siphon and causing a drain of the pipes of said sip hon and it must be remembered that in order to operate the; siphon successfully and the machine in connection with said siphon that the source of supply, as shown at 106,.must always be locate-d severalffeet above the well and it further must be borne in mind that the highest point in the siphon must not be the full latitude of the sourceto which the. at mospheric pressure of a given location I will support, a column oftwater. In otherwords; it must be lowenough to allow the water to enter pipedet under pressure. T he shallower the well the stronger the pressure will be had provided the drain pipe has sufficient fall. The pumps may be made in different sizes to meet different needs and if the quantity of water desired cannot be supplied by one pump any number of

pumps

1 and 1 may be connected to the same system 1n par allel, as shown in Figure 9.

The operation of my device is as follows:

Referring to Figure 3, the valve 36 is shown in open position thereby permitting open communication between the source of supply through pipe 43, chamber 29, passage 35, chamber 31 and the opening 45 to the interior of the cylinder 19. The pressure of the water on piston 2 forces said piston forwardly in cylinder 1 and likewise piston 9. Since the forward end of cylinder 7 is in open communication with pipe 44, Water under pressure from the source will fill that part of cylinder 7 and as piston 9 is moved forwardly and the faucet 101 is open the water will be forced out through connection 95, pipe 104 and through pipe 100 and faucet 101. As soon as the piston 2 is moved to the limit of its stroke adjacent the cylinder head 5 and during the forward movement of said piston, the oscillating bar 18 is carried forwardly rotating the wheels 74 in the direction indicated by the arrow in Figure 7.

The shaft 71 is rotated through pin 7 5 engaging pin 77 and as the crank passes dead center, spring 85 will cause the crank to operate rapidly by the sudden pull of the spring on the crank and force the pin 77 on the shaft 71 into engagement with pin 76 on wheel 74. At the time that the spring 85 causes rotation of shaft 71, shaft 40 will be oscillated and cause valve 36 to close passage 35 and valve 34 to open passage 33 whereby water under pressure will pass through chamber 30 to pipe 47, pipe 48 and .into the forward end of cylinder 1.

It must be borne in mind that any water in the forward end of cylinder 1 between the piston 2 and the cylinder head 5 is forced outwardly during the forwardstroke of piston 2 and through pipe 48 and into the chamber 53 in valve casing 51. This water passes by the open valve 67 into chamber 52 and out through the drain 58. lVhen shaft 71 is rocked in the manner described, shaft 59 is rocked simultaneously with the shaft 40 which reverses the position of valves 34 and 36. Valve 67 is thereby closed while valve 69 is opened and these valves are operated through the operation of shaft 71 at the limit of forward movement of the piston 2 and likewise of the oscillating rod 18. Since valve 34 is open and water under pressure is flowing to the forward end of the cylinder 1 and acting upon piston 2, water is being released from cylinder 19 through the passage 57, passed valve 69, which is now open,

through chamber 52 and out through the drain 58. The rearward movement of piston 2 causes water pressure between the piston 2 and cylinder head 5, the rod 18 likewise moving rearwardly and causing strap 92 to rotate the wheel 74 in a direction which is opposite to the direction of rotation as shown by the arrow in Figure 7.

The pin 7 6 being in engagement with the pin 77 on the shaft 71, causes rotation of said shaft until the crank 86 has passed the dead center when the spring 85 will suddenly complete the revolution of shaft 71 and cause pin 83 on said shaft to engage 82 about the time that the spring 85 rotates shaft 71 and thereby causing rotation of shaft 59 and close valve 69 and again opening valve 67. At the same time the shaft 71 causes closing of the valve 34 and opening of valve 36 since the pin 78 engages pin 79 when the spring 85 causes rotation of the shaft 71 and oscillates the shaft 40 for reversing the previous position of the valves whereby the water flows from chamber 29 to chamber 31 through opening 45, filling the cylinder 19 for exerting pressure on piston 2.

It will be seen that as piston 2 is moved in alternate directions the reciprocating bar 18 will likewise be moved in a similar manner for causing a reversal of the application for the pairs of valves 34, 36 and 67, 69 and ghanging the flow of the water in the cyliners.

The force exerted on piston rod 10 is equivalent to the product of the area of the piston 2 multiplied by the pressure under which the water enters the cylinder 19 through the passage 45. This force is transmitted to piston rod 30 to the piston 9 of reduced area. The force exerted on piston rod 10 divided by the area of the small piston 9 will give the pressure per square inch exerted on the water by piston 9. If the water enters cylinder 19 at 5 pounds pressure per square inch and the area of piston 2 is 40 square inches and the area of piston 9 is 4 square inches then it will be five times 40 or 200 lbs. of force on rod 10 dividing the 200 lb. pressure by 4 square inches, the area of the small piston, the pressure of lbs. per square inch will be exerted on the water by the piston 9. It must be borne in mind that the piston 9 is operated in opposite directions so that the water may be forced out through the pipe 99 under a high pressure or through pipe 104 at the same pressure.

Since a column of water 1 foot high exerts a pressure of .434 lbs. per square inch, 50 divided by .434 will give 112 feet the height at which the water may be forced in pipe 100, eliminating the element "of friction. Now since 5 lbs. of pressure is required to do this 5 divided by .434 will give approximately 11 foot height of water, substracting 11 feet from 112 feet gives 101 feet which is the difference in height the water:nia'ybe forced. "It-must be borne in mind that the variations in size-of the pistons employed will govern to some extent theheight the water will be thrown and the 'gi'eater 'the difierence between the area of the piston will proportionately increase the height to which the water may be forced. Therewill'alsobe a proportionate increase in the waste in the water.

'Tli cylinder head 5 is formedof'one piece of casting and serves'as a cylinder head for both cylinders 1 and 7 and thereby cheapens the cost of production since an air-tight stuffin'g'box forms a unitary structure of the cylinder head. The plugs 42 of the'valve boxes '21 and51 permit the insertion of tools without thenecessity of removal of the cover of said boxes for adjusting or grinding the valves.

In Figure 10 the pump iss'hown connected with a's'iphon in which the pipe'107is bent toform a U-shap'ed' conduit having a horizontal' portion 108 and a depending portion 109 with the opposite ends of the siphon submerged in water in the tanks 106'and 110. Consider thes'iphon 'beingemployed at sea level Where theatmospheric pressure is sufficiently great tosupport a column of water about 34; feet high, then pipe 107 shouldbe representedasfitfeet and pipe 109 as 44 feet. The waterwould rise from the surface of-the water in tank 106'and stand at-A in the pipe 107. It would also rise from th surfaceof the water inthe tank 110-and stand at B in pipe 109. The portion of the pipe 109 between B and the extreme =upper end of the pipe would main tain a vacuum when the length of this portion of thelpi'peis considered aslO feet. The water standing at A in 'pipe 107 is passed from A to the top'of pipe 109 at zero pressure'ivhen pipe 109 is lowered. At the surface of the water in the container '106 the pressure is great enough to support a column of water '34 feet high. Any point taken between the surface of the water in said container and A represents a pressure great enough to support a column of water from the given point to A. The supply pipe Jet is connected at this point in the pipe 107, as shown in Figure- 10, at about 10 feet'below A in this pipe and the pressure of the water "is of sucha degree as to support a column of water 1O feet high or a pressure of 4.3 1- lbs. per squareinch. It is obvious that the lowerthe point of connection of the pipe 44: with-the pipe 107,-thegreater the pressure exerted. The water at 10 lbs. pres-' sure would flow through pipe; 14' to the ma.- chine-and act upon'p'iston' Q/for' elevating the normal supply of water to a greater height than it is capable of being elevated by the siphon. The horizontal portion 108 of; the siphon should not beconsidered a partof thc-structure when the pump 1 is applied to the siphon since' it was merely p'laced in there to illustrate the operation of the siphon and the atmospheric pressure upon water for raisingthewater at a certain height.

In order to start the machine into operation it will be only necessary to open the spigot" to release water from the pipes 100 and when the pressure of the water will act upon the piston 2 in either direction, as has been indicated and depending upon the position of'thevalves in the valve boxes.

If two sourcesof water-are available and one-source is more desirable for use than the other, pipe'QL'may'be disconnected from pipe is-and the disconnected end of pipe 94 :will be] placed in communication with the'more desirable source ofwater and water from thissourcewill be pumped to spigot 101. Pipe 44 will receive its supply for operating the piston 2 from the source which is less desirable. It is to be understood, however, that two separate sources of watermay be utilized as explained above when the onesource of water is more desirable for delivering the same through the "What I claim is:

1. The combination with high and low pressurecylinders arranged along a common axis, pistons movable in the cylinders, a piston rod connecting the pistons for simultaneous operation, a siphon connected to the opposite ends of both cylinders for supplying Water'under pressure to said cylinders, the water pressure in the low pressure cylinder acting on the low pressure piston for operating the high pressure piston and increasing pressure of the water in the high pressure cylinder, and means for reversing the flow of water to the low pressure cylinder, said means comprising inlet and outlet casings, each casing containing a plurality of chambers, with one chamber in communication with the other chamber and valves for controlling the communication between said chambers.

2. Theco'rhbinati0n "with high and low pressure cylinders arranged along a common axis, pistons movable in the cylinders, a piston rod connecting the pistons for simultaneous operatioma siphon connected to the opposite endsofb-oth cylinders for supplying Water ui'ideiip-ressui'e to said cyl inders, the Wateryjpressure in the low pressure cylinder acting on the low pressure pistonfor operating the-high pressure pistonand increasing pressure of the water in the high pressure cylinder, meansfor reversing the' fl'ow of water-to the low pressure cylinder, said means comprising inlet and outlet casings, each casing containing a plurality ofcha'mbers, with one chamberin communicationwith the other chamber, and

valves formcontrolling the communication between said chambers, and means for auto matically and alternately operating the valves in the casings.

3. The combination of high and low pressure cylinders arranged along a common axis, pistons movable in the cylinders, a piston rod connecting the pistons for simul taneous operation, a conduit in communication with a source of water located at a lower level than the low pressure cylinder and in communication with the opposite ends of the high and low pressure cylinders, means for controlling the flow of water to the opposite ends of the low pressure cylinder, and a waste pipe connected with the opposite ends of the low pressure cylinder and having its lower end extending into a body of water, said body of water being located at a lower level than the source of water, said controlling means comprising pairs of a plurality of chambers, certain of the chambers being in communication with the other chambers, and valves controlling said communication 1 4. The combination with high and low pressure cylinders arranged along a common axis, pistons movable in the cylinders, a piston rod connecting the pistons for s1- multaneous operation, a siphon connected to the oppositeoends of both cylinders for supplying water under pressure to said cylindersfthe water pressure in the low pressure cylinder acting on the low pressure piston for operating the high pressure piston and increasing pressure of the water in the highpressure cylinder, and means for reversing the flow of water to the low pressure cylinder, discharge pipes: connected with the opposite ends of the high pressure cylinder and valves for controlling the flow otwater to and from the opposite ends of the high pressure cylinder, a rock shaft'carrying the valvesrand alternately actuating said valve.

5. The combination of a plurality of units comprising high and low pressure cylinders arranged along a common axis and forming pumps for increasing the pressure of the water supplied to the pump, pistons movable in the cylinders, piston rods connecting the pairs of high and low pressure pistons for simultaneous operation, a siphon connected with the opposite end of the low pressure cylinders for supplying water under pressure to said cylinders and also connected with the opposite ends of the high pressure cylinders, the'waten pressure in the low pressure cylinders acting on their respective pistons for causing operation of the high pressure pistons for increasing the pressure on the water in the high pressure cylinders, and means for automatically reversing the flow of water to the opposite ends of the low pressure cylinders, said means comprising inlet and outlet casings, each casing containing a plurality of chambers, with one chamber in communication with the other chamber and valves for controlling the communication between said chambers.

6. The combination of units of high and low pressure cylinders arranged along a common axis, pistons movable in the pairs of highand low pressure cylinders, a piston rod connecting each pair of pistons for simultaneous operation, a conduit in open communication with a source of water located at a lower level than the pump units and in communication with the opposite ends of the high and low pressure cylinders of the several units, means for controlling the flow of water to the opposite ends of the low pressure cylinders, and a waste pipe connected with the opposite ends of the low pressure cylinders and having its lower end extending into a body of water located at a lower level than the source of water, said controlling means comprising pairs of a plurality of cha1nbers, certain of the chambers being in communication with the other chambers, and valves controlling said communication, a rock shaft carrying the valves for alternately opening and closing the va ves.

7. The combination of high and low pressure cylinders arranged along a common axis, pistons movable in the cylinders, a piston rod connecting the pistons for simultaneous operation, an inlet and a discharge valve casing mounted upon diametrically opposite points on the low pressure cylinder, said valve casing being divided into a plurality of chambers, the inlet valve casing being connected with a siphon for sup plying one of the chambers with water un der pressure, said chamber being in communication with the remaining chambers, valves for alternately controlling the flow of water from the inlet chamber to the other chambers, one of the last mentioned chambers being connected with the forward end of the=low pressure cylinder while the remaining chamber is connected with the opposite end of the low pressure cylinder, and means actuated by the moving piston in the low pressure cylinder for alternately operating the valves, the outlet valve casing being divided into chambers, valves controlling communication between one of the charm bers and the other chamber.

8. The combination of high and low pressure cylinders arranged along a common axis, pistons movable in the cylinders, a piston rod connecting the pistons for simultaneous operation, an inlet and a discharge valve casing mounted upon diametrically opposite points on the low pressure cylinder, said valve casing being divided into a plurality of chambers, the inlet valve casing being connected with a siphon for supplying one of the chambers with Water under pressure, said chamber being in communication with the remaining chambers, valves for alternately controlling the flow of water from the inlet chamber to the other chambers, one of the last mentioned chambers being connected with the forward end of the low pressure cylinder while the remaining chamber is connected with the opposite end of the low pressure cylinder, and means actuated by the moving piston in the low pressure cylinder for alternately operating the valves, the outlet valve casing being di vided into a pair of inlet chambers and a discharge chamber in communication with the inlet chambers, a pair of valves mounted for alternate cutting off of communication between the inlet chambers and the discharge chamber, means for causing operation of the valves in the inlet casing causing simultaneous operation of the valves in the outlet valve casing.

9. The combination of high and low pressure cylinders, pistons in said cylinders and connected for simultaneous operation, a siphon connected to the opposite end of both of the cylinders for supplying water under pressure to said cylinders, valves for controlling the inlet and outlet of Water to the opposite end of the low pressure cylinder, and means for operating the said Valves comprising a reciprocating rod connected with the low pressure piston, a shaft mounted for rotation in the low pressure cylinder and provided with a crank, a wheel loosely mounted on the shaft, and means connecting the wheel with the shaft at times for causing a partial rotation of said shaft, means connected with the wheel and the oscillating bar for causing rotation of the wheel in opposite directions, a resilient means connected with the crank for causing positive rotation of the shaft in advance of the rotation of the wheel for causing operation of the inlet and outlet valves.

10. The combination of high and low pressure cylinders arranged along a common s, pistons movable in the cylinders, a piston rod connecting the pistons for simul taneous operation, an inlet and a discharge valve casing mounted upon diametrically opposite points on the low pressure cylinder, said valve casing being divided into a plurality of chambers, the inlet valve casing being connected with a siphon for supplying one of the chambers with water under pressure, said chamber being in communication with the remaining chambers, valves for alternately controlling the flow of water from the inlet chamber to the other chambers, one of the last mentioned chambers being connected with the forward end of the low pressure cylinder while the remaining chamber is connected with the opposite end of the low pressure cylinder, means actuated by the moving piston in the low pressure cylinder for alternately operating the valves, the outlet valve casing being divided into chambers, valves controlling communication between one of the chambers and the other chamber, and means for causing operation of the valves in the inlet and outlet casings.

11. The combination of high and low pressure cylinders, pistons movable in the cylinders, a piston rod connecting the pistons for simultaneous operation, an inlet and a discharge valve casing mounted on the low pressure cylinder, said valve casing being divided into a plurality of chambers, the inlet valve casing being connected with a siphon for supplying one of the chambers with water under pressure, said chamber being in communication with the remaining chambers, valves for alternately controlling the flow of water from the inlet chamber to the other chambers, one of the last men tioned chambers being connected with the forward end of the low pressure cylinder while the remaining chamber is connected with the opposite end of the low pressure cylinder, and means for alternately operating the valves, the outlet valve casing being divided into a pair of inlet chambers and a discharge chamber in communication with the inlet chambers, valves mounted for alternate cutting off of communication between the inlet chambers and the discharge chamber, means for causing operation of the valves in the inlet casing causing simultaneous operation of the valves in the outlet valve casing.

THOMAS LEONARD MoMINN.