US1524575A - Forging machine - Google Patents

Description

Jan. 27, 1925; 4,524,575

J. A. ROGERS FORGING MACHINE Original Filed Nov. 25, 1921 8 Sheets--Sheet 1 J. A. ROGERS FORGING MACHINE-- 8 Sheets-Sheet 2 Original Filed Nov. 25, l921 WWR MMW J. A. ROGERS FORGING MACHINE Original Filed Ndv. 25. 1921 a Sheets-Sheet a June 01 J/ipa ens" W W.

Gum-neg:

Jan. 27, 1925. 1,524,575

J. A. ROGERS FORGING MACHINE Original Filed Nov. 25. 1921 8 Sheets-Sheet 5 J14. Payers J. A. ROGERS FORGING MACHINE Original Filed Nov. 25. 1921 8 Sheets-Sheet 6 JA. Page/ 5 Jan. 925- 1,524,575

J. A. ROGERS rename momma Original Filed Nov; 25, 1921 8 Sheets-Sheet 7 I A. Payers Jan. 27, 1925.

4 J. A. ROGERS FORGING MACHINE Origingl Filed Nov. 25, 1921 8 Sheets-Sheet 8 cfif g. 10.

Fatented Jan. 27, 1925.

UNETEE STATEg FAT JOHN A. ROGERS, OF ATLANTA, GEORGIA, ASSIGNOR TO RAILWAY LOCK-SPIKE COM- PANY, OF ATLANTA, GEORGEA, A CORPORATION OF GEORGIA.

FORGING MACHINE.

Application filed November 25, 1921, Serial No. 517,552.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, JOHN A. Rooms, a citizen of United States, residing at Atlanta, in the county of Fulton and State of Georgia, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Forging Machines, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to forging machines, and has as an object the provision of a machine which will operate a set of dies to form the body of an article to a desired shape, produce a head thereon, and discharge the completed article.

An illustrative embodiment of the invention is shown in the accompanying drawings, in which F 1 is a rear elevation:

Fig. 2 is a side view of a form of railway spike which the dies shown in the drawings are adapted to produce:

Fig. 3 is a side elevation partly broken away:

Fig. 4; is a plan view: I

Fig. 5 is a vertical transverse section on line 5, 5 of Fig. 3:

Fig. 6 is av detail vertical longitudinal section on line 6, 60f Fig. 1, on an enlarged scale the severing lever and its shaft being omitted:

Fig. 7 is a detail vertical section on line 7, 7 of Fig. l to an enlarged scale:

Fig. 8 is a detail vertical section on line 8, 8 of Fig. 1, drawn to enlarged scale, parts being omitted for clarity:

Fig. 9 is a detail front view partly broken away showing the ejecting mechanism:

Fig. 10 is a vertical section on line 10, 10 of Fig. 1, drawn to an enlarged scale: and

Fig. 11 is a detail section on line 11, 11 of Fig. 3.

The machine comprises mechanism to cause the body shaping dies to close together and to separate at proper times; mechanism to sever material from the bar; mechanism to press the body of the article into shape; and mechanism to form a. head upon the article.

The machine may be driven by power applied to pulley 10, the shaft 11 upon which said pulley is mounted being'journalcd in boxes 12, 13, and having pinion 14: keyed thereon, which pinion engages gear 15 upon cam shaft 16 for operation of the machine. The entire moving mechanism of the machine is driven by cam shaft 16,

Renewed December 17, 1924.

through the'medium of cams 17, 18, 19, 20 and 21. The cam 17 will be referred to as the severing cam; 18 as the body forming Releasing mechanism.

6, the dies comprise a 22 and an upper movabledie 23. In addition there is'a notchforming die 24, a heading die 25 and a movable side die .26, the latter being more clearly shown in Fig. 5. The die 22 has a ledge formed thereon by means of blocks 27 and 28, the latter carrying cutting edge 29. The ledge formed by blocks 27 and 28 give the form to the lower portion 30 of the spike 31, shown in Fig. 2, by means of depression 72.

When the die 26 is moved towards die 22 a space will be provided therebetween which will be the thickness of blocks 27 and 28. The material which will be fed to the machine will preferably be less than this thickness to a slight extent, so that when die 26 is pressed against blocks 27, 28 the material will substantially fill the space. To render die 26 movable for the purpose, it is shown as mounted upon an arm 30 pivoted at 31. In order that the die 26 may approach die '22 in a direction normal to the surface thereof, the pivot 31 is located in a vertical plane passing through substantially the center ofthe space in which the body of the forged article will be formed. To operate the die 26, as best shown in Figs. 5 and 7, there is provided a toggle formed of members 32, 33, one of which is pivoted to the block carrying the die 26 at 34, and the other of which is pivoted to a block 35 upon an axis at 36. The block 35 is secured to a portion 37 of the frame of the machine as by bolts 38, and is provided with wedges 39 for adjustment. The dies illustrated and described herein are shown more in detail by patent to Harris, 1,403,882 dated March 7, 1922. It is obvious that many other forms of dies could be applied to the machine for production of other forms.

A shackle 40 is secured upon the center pin of the operating toggle for the side die, which shackle is adapted to bepulled upwardly by means of a rod 42 secured to As shown in Fig. lower stationary die shackle 40 through the medium of a link 43 pivoted to the shackle at 44. To pull the rod 42 upwardly it is shown attached to the end of a lever 45 as by means of a link 46. Lever 45 is shown as mounted for rotation on a shaft 47. To serve as a stop to limit the downward movement of the pin 41 of the toggle, a member 48 (see Fig. 10) providing a shoulder 49, is secured to the shaft 47, and is adapted to coact with a complementary shoulder 50 carried by the lever 45.

If a forged article were to fail to be discharged from thedies and material for another was fed in,the presence of the two, when-theside die was moved up by means of the toggles 32, 33 and arm 45, would break somepart of the mechanism if the parts were unyielding. To provide for such a contingency, lever 45 is shown formed in two parts 45 and 45 pivoted together at 51. j Projections 52, 53 which extend parallel to'each other are carried by parts 45 and'45"- respectively. A bolt 54is secured to projection 53 and a spring 55 is compressed between the head of the bolt 54 and the party 52 through whichthe bolt passes freely. The pressure exerted upon the side die by arm 45 is therefore a yielding pressure andmay be regulated by adjusting the effective length of the bolt 54. The end of the lever 45 is provided with 'a roller 56 which, in-coaction with cam 20, is adapted to cause the movement of die 26. To cause return of the die 26 to the normal position shown in Fig. 5 a spring 57 may be anchored to the frame of the machine, and may be attached to thetoggle as at 58.

To ensure the breaking of the toggle joint 32, 33 if it should .freeze so that spring 57 could not move ita projection 214 carried by a collar 215 may be mounted on the shaft 86, the function of which is described below. This shaft moves in the direction of the arrow in Fig. 7 when the article is pressed in the dies. T o coact with the projection 214 a finger 216 may be pivoted to rod 42 as at 217 and may be pressed against an adjustable stop 218 by a spring 219 which in turn is seated'against an abutment 220. When the shaft 86 moves in the d rection of the arrow the projection 214 may slip past finger 216 with compression of spring 219. When the parts are restored after an article has been completed by the dies the shaft 86 will be reversed by return of arm 85 to normal position and if the rod 42 has not lowered under action of spring 57, the projection 214 will act on the finger 216 against immovable stop 218 and positively break the toggle 32, 33.

Se'vem'ng mechanism.

The material as enclosed by die 26 is integral with the bar which is. fed to the machine. This material is to be pressed to the form of the body of the article by die 23, which is shaped to give the form of the upper portion 59 of the article, in'the case illustrated, the spike 31. The first operation subsequent to the feeding of the material is the severing of the same from the bar. This is performed by a cutting edge 60 formed upon the die 23 coacting with the edge 29 on the die 22. To provide ample power for this severing act-ion the die 23 is mounted upon a beam 61, the length'of "which is substantially equal to the width of the machine, and the downturne'd ends of which are mounted 'upon'pins 62, 63, which pins are guided in their vertical movements by links 64, 65,which links-are pivoted uponpins 66, 67, which pins in'turn are journaled in pillow blocks 68, 69 adjustably mounted upon brackets'TO, .71.

As more clearly shown in Fig. 11, the pillow blocks are secured to brackets by means of bolts 75, which pull the blocks toward the upright member of the bracket and'the bolts 7 6 against which the block is pulled, thereby providing for adjustment of the block to and from the plane in which the cutting edges of the dies work. The beam 61 is formed solid at its central portion and is divided into two leavesat each end,'providing a space between the leaves. At the left end of the machine, asseen in Fig. 5, a standard 77 of the machine, rises between the leaves, and in this space also the rod 42 for operation of the side die works. The two leaves of the beam at each end are turned downwardly at an angle and formed into a loop? 8 connected by webs 79, 80, in which the pins 62, 63 are secured. The lower portion of the loop 7 8 is substantially semi-cylindrical, and is concentric with the axis of the pins 62, 63 which axis passes through the cutting edge 60.

When the parts have been used for some time and wear takes place the difference in location of the axis of the pins when the cutting edges of the dies have been brought together-would be liable to cause injury to these edges. To provide a positive location for the cutting edges at every actuation thereof, blocks 81 are supplied to receive the surface of the loop 78. The block at the right side of the machine is supported upon a bracket 82'which may be adjusted for height by means of a screw 83. To provide for fine adjustment for height of the blocks 81 each of them. is seated upon a wedge 82, which may be adjusted by means of screws 83, being held against movement with the wedge, by means of screw 84.

For causing movement of the upper cutting edge to coact with the lower, a lever 85 is rigidly secured to a shaft 86 j ournaled in standards 77 and 87, and rigidly secured to said shaft are hubs 88 and 89 which are adapted to cause movement of arms 90 and 91, of toggle joints which, when straightened, depress pins 62, 63, and when broken raise the same.

To adjust the amount of motion of the cutting edge the arms of the toggle are each formed of two members which are telescopically related, one member 92, 3, of each being integral with one of the hubs 88 and 89 and providing a channel in which the other member 93 is adapted to rest and to be moved. To provide adjustment of the location of the member 98 in the channel of member 92 a wedge 94 is placed between the end of the member 93 and the hub 88 or 89 being pressed to position by a screw 95. The wedges 94 are kept in location by means of a leaf 96 screwed to the side of the member 93. To hold the members rigidly in adjustment a wedge 97 is placed in the channel beside member 93, the side of the channel converging for reception of the wedge, and when the wedge is driven home a set screw 98 may be tightened down thereon.

The lever 85 is caused to operate by the severing cam 17, a roller 99 being provided upon a bracket 100 upon the end of the lever for contact with the cam. To cause return of the lever 85 to normal, breaking the toggle 90, 91 at the end of the formation of the article by the dies, with reversal of shaft 86, a weight 101 omitted from Fig. 1, may be placed upon the end of the lever. In addition to the weight a spring 102, mount-ed upon a bracket 103, secured to beams 104 and 105 spanning the top of the machine, may be supplied to cause a quick start of the return of the lever to normal. The lever 85 is preferably telescoped in the portion 106, which in turn is rigidly secured to the shaft 86. Lever 85 may be held in its place by means of a wedge 107 shown in Fig. 5.

The axis of the pins 62, 63 preferably passes through the cutting edge 60 as before stated, in order that the subsequent motion of the beam 61 about the pivots 62, 63 may not disturb the relation of the cutting edges 29 and 60 after they have been brought together.

Boalg shaping mechanism.

To press the material into the depression 72 the die 23 has a lower surface 108 which is adapted to shape the surface 59 on the spike. The die 23 in its normal position stands at an angle diverging rearwarldly relative to the bottom of the depression 72. The vertical movement of the beam 61 caused by the toggle actuated by lever 85 already described brings the cutting edges very closely together. To cause the die 23 to move upon an axis passing through the cutting edges it is next oscillated upon the pivots 62, 63 by pressure upon lever 109 rigidly fastened to the beam 61. To operate the toggle from passing this lever a roller 110 is mounted upon the lever and coacts with cam upon the cam shaft 16. The cam 18 is so mounted upon the cam shaft 16 as to make the action of lever 109 follow immediately upon the completion of the depression of lever 85. To support lever 109 in its normal position a toggle comprising two arms 111 and 112 is provided, the arm 112 being pivoted to the lever as at 113. To prevent the center a stop screw 11% is mounted in a finger 115 projecting beyond the joint 116 between the arms, and by screwing in the screw 114: the relation of the two arms when the toggle is straightened may be determined.

The arm 111 of the toggle is mounted on a shaft 117 journaled in a standard 118. To break the toggle and initiate the downward movement of the lever 109 as well as to straighten the toggle and return the lever to normal position, a. crank 119 is mounted upon the end of the shaft 117, and a. pin 120 upon the end of the crank is journaled in a sliding block 121, which is slidable in the end of a lever 122, which in turn is pivoted at 123 to lever 85. Mounted upon, androtating with cam shaft 16, preferably by being mounted upon the hub of the cam 17, is a projection bearing a roller 12 1. The circumferential location of :this roller is such that immediately upon the completion of the downward movement of the lever 85 the roller will impinge upon the lever 122, thereby moving its lower end outwardly, actuating the crank 119 and breaking the toggle 111, 112, thus initiating the movement of lever 109. Further movement of the lever 109 will be caused by cam 18. The movement of the crank pin 120 consequent upon the continued movement of lever 109 will cause block 121 to slide in the end of the lever without obstruction until the lever 109 has completed its stroke. When the end of the throw of cam 17 has been reached and the weight 101 and spring 102 return lever 85 to normal the end of the slot in lever 122 will impinge upon the block 121 and will carry the crank back to its original position, thereby straightening the toggle 111, 112 and restoring lever 109 to normal position.

To quiet'the return of the arm 122 and prevent the shock upon the mechanism of a sudden stoppage thereof a. dash pot 125 (see Figs. 6 and 8) may be pivoted upon a convenient portion of the frame as intermediate frame member 138, at 126 and a piston in the dash pot may be connected by rod 127 with a pivot 128 upon the arm 122. This dash pot is designed to allow a free outward 18 which is placed movement of the piston but to cushion the return thereof in a well understood manner.

The head of the spike 81, as shown in Fig. 2, which the machine is shown as equipped to produce, is unsymmetrically related to the body. When the body is shaped by means of the rotation of the upper die by means of lever 109 a certain amount of the metal will be caused to flow so as to obtrude from the dies, and the bar from which the material is made is fed into the dies a sui'licient distance to provide for the head, taking into account the flow of the metal. T olocate the bar accurately in the dies a stop member 130, comprising a central portion 131 and arms 132 and 138, is pivoted at 184 and 135 upon brackets 136 and 137 fastened to an intermediate member 138 of the frame. The stop member is supported from the lever by means of a rod 139 connected thereto by means of a shackle 140. The connection of the rod to lever as shown in 5, is such as to provide a yielding support. To this end the rod 139 is connected to the end of a bell crank 141, the center of whiehis pivoted at 142 to the shackle 143 upon the lever 45, and a weight 144 is provided upon the other arm of the bell crank. The weight 144 is sufiicient to cause the stop member 130 to partake of movements of lever unless otherwise influenced. Therefore when the side die is operated by the lifting of the rod 42 the stop member 130 will also be lifted and will be above the material obtruding from the die when the lever 109 begins operation. To bend the obtruding material downwardly so as to provide the unsymmetrical relation of the head of the spike, a projection 145, Fig. 6, from the stop member is acted upon by a finger 146 carried by th lever 109, thus forcing the central portion 131 down upon the obtruding material and bending it downwardly. The finger 146 is yieldingly held in its forward position against a screw stop 147 by means of a spring 148 and has a projection 149 on one side thereof for purpose to be explained.

When the finger 146 impinges upon projection the stop member 131 will be forced downwardly with consequent lifting of the weight 144, this being the purpose of the yielding connection with the lever 45. It will be evident that a separate element could be added to perform the bending function of stop member 131. The recitation in the claims of bending means is intended to refer to the means for forcing the stop member, or any separate element provided for the purpose, downwardly against the material.

H reading mechanism.

Heading die 25 is shown mounted in a block 150 which is carried by an arm 151 being mounted thereon by means of a pin 152. Rigid with the block 150 is a second arm 153 having a slot 154, and a bolt 155 passed through a portion of the arm 151 may be moved in the slot to adjust the angle of the die 25 to the arm 151.

Also connected to the pin 152 is one arm 156 of a toggle, the other arm 157 of which is pivoted, as at 158, upon a shaft journaled in intermediate portion 138 of the frame and extending to provide a lever 159 for operation of the toggle. A roller 160 is carried between the bifurcated ends of the lever 159 and is actuated by the heading cam 18 already mentioned.

F or manufacture of the spike shown in Fig. 2 it isnecessary to have the heading die 25 approach the material to be acted upon in a downward direction, and for this purpose the pivot 161 upon which the arm 151 is mounted should be located in a position in rear of the vertical plane passing through the space in which the head is formed. For other articles in which the head is symmetricallyrelated to the body the die 25 should be caused to approach the work in a posit-ion perpendicular to the vertical plane mentioned. To provide for an adjustment of the pivot 161 for these different purposes it is mounted in a block 162, slidable in ways 168 mounted upon the frame of the machine. Forvertical adjustment of the position of the die the forward end of the ways 163 are pivoted as at 164 upon the machine, and the rear end 165 is made vertically adjustable in the slot 166, see especially Fig. 3.

The heading die 25 is brought into action while the body shaping lever is still depressed and while the side die 26 is also actuated, so that the body of the spike is held firmly in the body shaping cavity. However, the stop 131 must be moved out of the. way before die 25 reaches a position where it would impinge against this stop, otherwise the machine would be damaged. To this end a finger 167 is mounted in a support 168, carried by block 150, and is yieldingly held in position by means of a counterweight 169. A set screw 170 is provided under the counterweight to adjust the elevation of the finger. The support 168 is shown as secured to the block 150 by means of screws 170. When the heading die moves forward linger 167 will strike the projection 149, compressing the spring 148 and will. cause the finger 146 to be forced off from the projection 145, upon which the counterweight 144 will cause the stop 131 to be raised out of the path of the heading die. In order to be sure that the stop will be raised a wedge member 172 is secured to support 168 and will pass under projection 145, camming the same upwardly in case the stop 131 sticks for some reason so that the counterweight can not raise it, or if the side die: fails to act as by reason of an article becoming jammed and failing to discharge.

To form the notch 173 in the spike a notch-forming die 24 is provided. If this die were stationary the action of die 23 pressing the material down would form the notch at right angles to the adjacent exterior surface of the spike with a rounded corner, unless the bar was of sufficiently large dimensions'to cause material to flow to fill the recess, which. would require a great increase of pressure to actuate. To provide the undercut character of the notch the die 24 is mounted upona block 174, whichis pivoted at 175 upon a ledge 176 of the frame. A lever 177 is adjustably secured in the socket in the block 174 by means of set screws 178. The lever 177 carries a cam block 179 on its end, retained by means of a set screw 180 and co-acting with a roller 181 carried by a lever 182 pivoted at 183 in spaced lugs 184 supported by theintermediate member 138 of the frame and adjustable thereon by means of a set screw 185.

To actuate the arm 182 it is connected at 186 to a link 187, which in turn is pivotally connected at 188 to an enlargement of the arm 157, so as to rotate about the axis 158 when the heading lever is actuated. Since the cam 179 will be actuated at the beginning of the movement of the heading lever the notch forming die 24 will be brought into action before the heading die 25. To restore lever 182 to normal position a spring 189 is provided, acting in compression between the lever and the frame member 138.

To restore lever 109 to normal position a pulley 190 may be supported in any suitable manner at the rear of the machine and a cord 191 passing over the pulley may be attached to the arm 109, and may have a weight 192 at its end. Instead of the weight and cord, or in addition thereto a compression s rin 193 ma 1 be rovided to act be- P b .l l

tween a portion of the frame and the arm 109. To ensure the start of the lever 159 upon its return to normal a projection 194 may be secured upon one side of lever 109, which projection extends below one of the project-ions of the end of the end of lever 159, and will lift the same when lever 109 is returned by means of its toggle 111, 112. Means to check the upward movement of lever 159 upon its return to normal position is shown in the form of a flexible strap 221 secured to the lever at 222 and adjustably secured to the frame at 223.

Discharge mechanism. lVhen the side die 26 is returned to normal the completed article is to be caused to means of a projection 199. bearing a roller 200. Opposed to the roller 200 is a second roller 201. A cam 202 is mounted on an arm 203 which is pivotally mounted at 204 and at 205 upon the hub of the lever 85. The two pivots 204, 205 provide for pivotal motion in two directions for the arm 203.

l/Vhen the lever is depressed the cam 202 will be forced forwardly, the arm 203 swinging about pivot 205. At this time a piece of material ispressed in the die and the pins 196 cannot be moved and the shape of the cam 202 its location upon arm 203 and its angular relation to said arm are such as to cause the cam to slip past the ends of the rollers forwardly and to fall by gravity back under the rollers when the lever 85 has been depressed-sufficiently. lVhen the lever 85 is returning to normal however the die 26 is also moving, consequently the rollers 200 and 201 are free to and will be separated by the cam 202 with consequent projection of pins 196, past the face of the stationary die, thus carrying the formed article with the die 26 during its initial movement. By adjustment of the arm 206 about the pivot 207 by means of set screws 208 acting against the spring 209, the position of the roller 201 may be adjusted, and the spring 209 being stronger than spring 198 the resulting projection of the pins 196 will be determined. The relation of the parts is such that the toggle breaking device 214 and 220 acts only after the springs 209 are fully compressed so that the full action of these springs on the ejecting pins will be had when the side die 26 begins to move.

The die 23 is preferably mounted in a block 210 having flanges 211 which overlie flanges 212 carried by the beam 61, and rigidly secured in place by means of wedges 213 and set screws 214'. Toggles are used to actuate each of the dies in the device since the action of a toggle provides the greatest power toward the end of the stroke when the greatest power is needed in fashioning the metal to form.

To operate the feed mechanism illustrated in detail in Fig. 3, the lever 221 (see Fig. 10) is pivoted upon a bracket 222 upon the frame and is provided with a block 223 at its lower end in which block is journaled the end of a connecting rod 224, the reciprocation of which is adapted to operate the feed mechanism by actuation of the lever 221.

The cam 21 is spline'd upon the cam shaft 16 to cause the lever 221 to be positively operated in both directions. The upper end of the lever is connected by a link 225 with a member 226 pivoted to the frame at 227 and carrying a roller 228 for co-action with the cam 21. A roller 229 is provided upon the lever 221 for a like purpose. When the cam 21 is rotated in the direction of the arrow in Fig. 10, member 226 will be actuated by the cam and through link 225 will pull the upper end of the lever 221 to the left in that figure, to the position shown in dotted lines in which position the roller 229 will be in-contact with the circular portion of the periphery of the cam. Continued rotation of the cam will return lever 221 to the position shown in full lines in the figure thus completing a movement of the feed mechanism.

Minor changes may be made in the physical embodiment of the invention without departing from its spirit.

I claim:

1. In a forging machine. in combination, a die having a cutting edge. a second die having a cutting edge adapted to coact with said first named edge, means to cause motion of translation of one of said dies toward the other to sever material and subsequently acting means to cause one of said dies to pivot toward the other die about the cuttingedges as an axis to press material between the dies.

2. In a forging machine, in combination, a pair of normally separated dies one of which has a depression therein, a cutting edge carried by one of said dies, means to move said dies toward each other to partially enclose said depression. a third die normally separated from said first named dies, a cutting edge carried by said third die. means to bring said cutting edges together with the third die in diverging relation to the pair of dies and subsequently acting means to cause motion of rotation of one of said dies about said cutting edges as an axis to press material in said depression.

3. In a forging machine, in combination a pair of normally separated dies, means to move one of said dies toward the other to enclose material therebetween means to positively separate said 'dies and means to press treated material against the moving die during the initial portion of the movement of separation to carry said material clear of the stationary die for discharge of the material.

4. In a forging machine, in combination. a stationary die having aedepression, a movable'die, means to move said movable die to enclose material between the dies, means to press the enclosed material to the form of the depression, positively acting means to separate said dies and means to Gerrythe treated material with the moving die during the initial portion of its movement of separation until clear of the stationary die for discharge of the said material.

In a forging machine, in combination. a. stationary die having a depression therein, a movable die mounted on an arm pivoted on an axis located in a vertical plane passing through the longitudinal axis of said depression. means to move said movable die about said axis to enclose material. means to press the enclosed material to the form of said depression. means to separate said dies and means to cause the treated n'iaterial to move with the movable die during the initial portion of its movement. out of the depression for discharge of the treated material.

6. In a forging machine, in combination, body forming dies, a stop member normally standing in the rear of said dies to locate inserted material a heading die,.means to move said beading die against inserted material, means to move said stop member out of the path of said heading die prior to its heading action, and means to bend the material to be formed into a head to a position such that the formed head will be unsymmetrically located relative to the body formed by said body forming dies.

7.'In a forging machine, in combination. body forming dies, a stop member normally standing in the rear of said dies to locate inserted material means to press material inserted between said dies to body form, thereby causing flow and consequent obtrusion of said material to the rear. means to remove said stop member prior to such obtrusion. means to bend the obtruding material at an angle to the body formed by said dies and means to form the obtruding material into a head unsymmetrical relative to said body.

8. In a forging machine, in combination. body forming dies. a stop member normally standing in the rear of said dies to locate inserted material, means to press material inserted between said dies to body form. thereby causing flow and consequent obtrusion of said material to the rear, means to remove said stop member prior to such obtrusion. means to press said stop member against one side of the obtruding material to bend said portion at an angle to the body portion. a heading die and means to cause said heading die to act upon the obtruding material after it has been bent.

9. In a forging machine.v in combination. a movable side die. a lever for actuatina said die, a stop for locating material fed to said die. a vielding connection between said stop and lover whereby said stop will be lifted when said die is actuated. material shaping lever. means actuated bv said shaping lever to depress said stop against the a tion of said yielding connection to bend material obtruding from said die whereby a head may be formed of said obtruding material unsymmetrically located relative to the body.

10. In a forging machine, in combination, a movable side die, a lever for actuating Said die, a stop for locating material fed to said die, a yielding connection between said stop and lever whereby said stop will be lifted when said die is actuated, a material shaping lever, means actuated by said shaping lever to depress said stop against the action of said yielding connection to bend material obtruding from said die whereby a head may be formed of said obtruding material unsymmetrically located relative to the body, a heading die, an arm upon which said heading die is mounted and means actuated by said arm to release said bending means to release said stop to allow it to be raised by said yielding connection.

11. In a forging machine, in combination, upper and lower body shaping dies each provided with a cutting edge, and normally standing at a rearwardly diverging angle, said lower die having a depression, a beam for carrying said upper die, pins upon which said beam is mounted. the axis of said pins passing through said upper cutting edge. means to cause vertical movement of said beam and subsequently acting means to cause rotation of said beam about said pins to cause said upper die to press material in said depression.

12. In a forging machine, in combination, relatively movable dies, a beam carrying one of said dies, pins upon which said beam is mounted on an axis parallel with its length, links upon which said pins are journaled, pillow blocks to which said links are pivoted, means to cause reciprocal movement of said beam about the pivotal axis in said pillow blocks.

13. In a forging machine, in combination, relatively movable dies, a beam carrying one of said dies, pins upon which said beam is mounted on an axis parallel with its length, links upon which said pins are journaled, pillow'blocks to which said links are pivoted, a toggle arm mounted on each of said pins, a second toggle arm pivotally connected with said first named arm and rigid- 1y secured to an oscillatory shaft, a lever rigidly secured to said shaft and a cam for moving said lever to straighten said toggles to lower said die.

14. In a forging machine. in combination, relatively movable dies, a horizontal beam carrying one of said dies and having down turned loop shaped ends. a pin journaled in the bight of each loop, said pins being aligned on an axis parallel with the length of the beam, means guiding said pins in vertical movement, means for causing such vertical movement and subsequently acting means for oscillating said beam about said pins.

15. In a forging machine, in con'ibination, relatively movable dies, a horizontal beam carrying one of said dies and having down turned loop shaped ends, a pin journaled in the bi 'ht of each loop, said pins being aligned on an axis parallel with the length of the beam, means guiding said pins in vertical movement, the external surfaces of the ends of said beam being substantially seinicylindrical and concentric with said pins, a block with its upper surface formed to a section of cylindrical surface supported below each end of said beam, means for moving said beam vertically into contact with said blocks and subsequently acting means for oscillating said beam about said pins and in contact with said blocks.

16. In a forging machine, incombination, material enclosing dies providing a body shaping depression therebetwcen when closed and carrying a cutting edge, a second cutting edge to coact therewith, a body shaping die, a heading die, means to cause said enclosing dies, said cutting edges, said body shaping die and said heading die to act by distinct movements in the order named.

17. In a forging machine, in combination, material enclosing dies providing a body shaping depression therebetween when closed and carrying a cutting edge, a second cutting edge to coact therewith, a body shaping die, anotch forming die, a heading die, means to cause said enclosing dies, said cutting edges, said body shaping die, said notch forming die and said heading die to act by distinct movements in the order named.

18. In a forging machine, incombination, a stationary die having a cutting edge and a body shaping depression, a movable die having a cutting edge and a body shaping surface, a beam carrying said movable die and having down turned ends,pinsjournaled in said ends the axes of which are in alignment with each other and with the movable cutting edge, toggles for moving said beam vertically, one arm of each toggle rigidly mounted on a shaft, a lever rigidly secured to said shaft, a cam for operating said lever, a lever rigidly secured to said beam, a cam for operating said beam, said last named cam coming into action subsequent to the action of the first cam.

19. In a forging machine, in combination,

material cutting means, a lever for actuating said cutting means, a material shaping die, a lever for actuating said die, a toggle acting in a straightened position to support said die actuating lever in normal position,

means for restoring said first named lever to normal position and means actuated. by said first named leverto straighten sald toggle to restore said die operating lever to normal position.

20. In a forging machine, in combination, a material cutting lever, a body shaping lever and a heading lever, means for actuating said levers in the order named, means for restoring one of said levers to normal position and means carried by said restored lever for initiating the return to normal of the other levers.

21. In a forging machine, in combination, a material cutting lever, a body shaping lever, a toggle acting in straightened condition to support said shaping lever in normal position, means actuated by said cutting lever to break said toggle.

22. In a forging machine, in combinati n, a material cutting lever, abody shaping lever, a toggle acting in straightened condition to support said shaping lever in normal position, means actuated by said cutting lever when near the end of its stroke to break said toggle and initiate the movement of said shaping lever.

23. In a forging machine, in combination, a material cutting lever, a body shaping lever, a toggle acting in straightened condition to support said shaping lever in normal position, means actuated by said cutting lever when near the end of its stroke to break said toggle and initiate the movement of said shaping lever, said last named means acting to return said toggle and said shaping lever to normal position. I

24. In a forging machine, in combination, a material cutting lever, a body shaping lever, a. toggle acting in straightened condition to support said shaping lever in normal position, a supporting shaft upon which one arm of said toggle is rigidly mounted, a crank on said shaft, a link: pivotally secured to said cutting lever and having lost motion connection with said crank.

25. In a forging machine, in combination, a material cutting lever, a cam for operation of said lever, a cam shaft, a material shaping lever, atoggle acting in straightened condition for supporting said shaping lever in normal position, a supporting shaft rigidly secured to one of said toggle, a crank on said shaft, a link pivotally attached to said cutting lever and having lost motion connection with said crank, and means on the cam shaft adjacent the link to throw said link laterally to break said toggle and initiate the movement of said shaping lever.

26. In a forging machine, in combination, a material cutting lever, a cam for operation of said lever, a cam shaft, a material shaping lever, a toggle acting in straightened condition for supporting said shaping" lever in normal position, a supporting shaft rigidly secured to one arm of said toggle, a crank on said shaft, a link pivotally attached to said cutting lever and having lost motion connection with said crank, and means for cushioning the return of .said link to normal position.

27. In a forging machine, in combination, a heading die, a toggle for actuating said die, a lever for actuating said toggle, a notch forming die, a lever for actuating said notch forming die, and a cam actuated by said first named lever for actuating said second named lever.

28. In a forging machine, in combination, a stationary die having a cutting edge and a body shaping depression, a movable die having a cutting edge and a body shaping surface, a beam carrying said movable die, movable pivots carrying said beam, means to move said pivots to cut material between said edges and means to oscillate said beam about said pivots to press material to the shape of said depression.

29. In a forging machine, in combination, a die having a cutting edge, a beam upon which said die is mounted, movable pivots carrying said beam, toggles for controlling said pivots each toggle comprising an arm journaled on one of said pivots a second arm journaled to rotate about a fixed axis a pivot connecting said arms and means to adjust the length of one of said arms, means to straighten and to flex the toggles.

30. In a forging machine, in combination, a pivot, a die carrying member journaled thereon, a toggle comprising an armjournaled on said pivot, a second arm comprising member pivotedto said first named arm. a second member mounted for rotation about a fixed axis, a wedge insertible between said members to adjust the length of the assembled arm and means to hold the members rigidly in adjusted relation, and means to actuate said toggle.

31. In a forging machine, in combination, a pivot, a die carrying member journaled thereon, a toggle comprising an arm journaled on said pivot, an arm comprising telescopically related members one member pivoted to said first named arm, a second member mounted to rotate about a fixed axis, a wedge between the end of said first member and said aXis'to adjust the length of said arm and a second wedge to contolthe telescopic movement of said members to hold them rigidly in'adjustment and means to actuate said toggle.v

32. In a forging machine.- in combination, a frame comprising end members, a side member between said end members, at one edge thereof, dies mounted to operate in the plane of said side member, an intermediate member between said end members intermediate their width, a heading die, a toggle lever journaled on said last named member for operation of said heading die and means to tie said intermediate member to. said side 4 member adjacent the diesv 33. In a forging machine, in combination, body forming dies, a heading die, an arm carrying said heading die mounted on a pivot movable relative to the plane in which the head is formed, means for adjusting the angle between said heading die and said arm.

34. In a forging machine, in combination, body forming dies, a heading die, an arm carrying said heading die, said arm compris ing a member mounted on a pivot adjustable relative to the plane in Which the head is formed and a member carrying the die and pivotally attached to said first named member whereby the angular relation between said members may be varied and means topreserve the adjustment of said members.

35. In a forging machine, in combination, a plurality of dies adapted to enclose a space of the form of a railway spike, means to cause said dies to press material to the form of said space, die means movable in said space to form a notch adjacent the head end of the spike and means to cause movement of said movable means at the proper time.

36. In a forging machine, in combination, a set of dies comprising body forming dies, a head forming die and a notch forming die movable in the space enclosed by said body forming dies, means to cause motion of, said dies in proper timed relation.

37 In a forging machine, in combination, a die, ejector pins for discharging material from said die, a spring for retracting said pins, a cam surface connected With said pins, a cam for actuating said surface, an abut ment cam surface, a spring holding said abutment in normal position and being stronger than said first named spring, means to actuate said cam in advance of the release of material from said die whereby said abutment spring Will be compressed before said pins are free to move to provide quick action of said pins When free to move.

38. In a forging machine, in combination, feeding mechanism, material enclosing dies providing a body shaping depression therebetween When closed and carrying a cutting edge, a second cutting edge to coact therewith, a body shaping die, a heading die, means to actuate said feeding mechanism, said enclosing dies, said cutting edges, said body shaping die and said heading die by distinct movement in the order named.

39. In a forging machine, in combination, dies, cutting edges carried by said dies, feeding mechanism to supply material to, said dies, means to actuate said feeding mechanism and said dies in succession, means to mount said feeding mechanism adjacent to said dies so as to yield under pressure'When,

stock is severedbysaid edges and means to resiliently press sald feeding mechanism to normal position.

JOHN A. ROGERS.

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