US1518270A - Furnace construction - Google Patents

Description

' Deg, 9, 1924.

C. N. MORGAN ET AL FURNACE CONSTRUCTION Filed May 18, 1923 50f W. 0 0 mmw% VLNZ 7 43/ fir MM 4 Patented Dec. 9, 1924.

UNITED STATES PATfZ'l FFICE.

CHARLES N. MORGAN, OF ALBANY, AND ANDREW L. KEELER, 0F TROY, NEW YORK.

FURNACE CONSTRUCTION.

Application filed May 18, 1923. Serial No. 639,885.

To all whom it may concern Be it known that we, CHARLES N. Mon- GAN and ANDREW L. KEELER, citizens of the United States, and residing, respectively, at Albany, in the county of Albany, State of New York, and Troy, in the county of Rensselaer, State of New York, have invented new and useful Improvements in Furnace Construction, of which the following is a specification.

Our invention relates to furnaces and more particularly to the construction of renewable fire walls and refractory linings therefor.

Its object is to provide an improved construction for furnace walls which are subjected to the influence of destructive heat wherein the portion which is directly exposed to the fire is readily renewable, either as a whole, without removing the inner portions of the wall, or, in which a disintegrated part of the exposed surface may be renewed without disturbing other parts, either of the exposed surface or the inner wall.

Another object is to provide a renewable lining in which all portions of any facing unit or block will be heated to substantially the same temperature and which may expand uniformly, thus preventing, the development of stresses tending to spall or crack the blocks.

A further object is to provide a renewable lining having a minimum number of exposed joints and which comprises but a small volumetric portion of the entire wall, thus reducing an element of weakness and effecting a large saving of block in repairing and rebuilding.

We accomplish these and other objects and advantages, which will appear as the description proceeds, by using a veneering of flat slabs or blocks arranged to present their sides of greatest area to the fire, and held in place by a system of supporting and retaining headers.

In the drawing- Fig. 1 isa perspective view of our wall partly in cross-section and constructed from our preferred form of block.

Fig. 2 is similar to Fig. 1 but illustrates a construction using a difierent form of block.

Fig. 3 is a perspective view of the preferred form of locking header.

Fig. 4: is a perspective view of a facing block which inter-fits with a header as shown in Fig. 1.

Fig. 5 is a perspective view of an intermediate facing block in its preferred form.

Fig. 6 is a perspective view of a modified form of header.

Figs. 7 and 8 are perspective views of blocks similar to those shown in Figs. 1 and 5, respectively, but provided with a modified form of interfitting means.

Referring to Figs. 1, 3, 1 and 5, 1 represents the ordinary wall structure or backing of non-refractory material. Embedded in this portion of the wall, at substantially equal intervals, are the permanent headers, 2, ofrefractory material which support, in sections, the inner half of the refractory wall comprising the blocks, 3, laid flush with the outer ends of the headers, 2. Open spaces are left in this inner half wall, immediately beneath alternate headers, to receive the locking headers, 42, of the outer half wall. These headers, except at the top and bottom of the wall, are arranged in pairs to facilitate the removal of sections of the wall. In their preferred form, these headers are made equal in length to the blocks, 7, and each has a vertically projecting lip, 5, on one side which interfits with a corresponding recess, 6, in the block, 7, above or below as the case may be, and holds the block, 7, securely in place in the face of the wall. Between each set of headers, 4, we prefer to arrange three horizontal courses comprising the blocks, '6', adjacent the headers, and a course of blocks, 8, intermediate the blocks, 7. In the preferred type of construction, the blocks, 8, have plane upper and lower surfaces, 9, but may be provided at one end with a tongue, 10, and at the other end with a groove, 11, so that horizontally adjacent stones are locked in place.

In Fig. 2, the arrangement of the various units is identical with the arrangement in Fig. 1, but the headers, 18, are provided with a tongue, 12, adapted to fit in a groove, 13, in the unit, 14; and the units, 15, are provided with grooves, 16, at the top and bottom, to receive the tongues, 17, of the units, 1 1.

It will be apparent from a consideration of Figs. 1 and 2, that we have provided a refractory wall in which every unit exposed to the fire may be readily replaced without removing any of the inner portions of the wall. Further, by dividing the exposed face horizontally into relatively small sections and-supporting each section upon a row of headers entirely independent of the wall below, it is possible to remove and replace any of these sections without disturbing the Wall above. By thus supporting the wall, it is obvious that the vertical load upon a unit at the bottom of the wall is not substantially greater than that on a unit at the top or at any position intermediate the top and bottom. Hence, each section may expand more or less freely under temperature changes. By arranging our facing units with their sides of greatest area exposed to the fire we not only reduce the number of units required to cover a given surface but we thus make the exposed portion of the Wall comparatively thin so that each unit thereof is heated uniformly throughout and is not subjected to distortive stresses due to unequal temperatures. Furthermore, by making our facing units of comparatively large but thin blocks set in this manner, we greatly reduce the number of joints exposed to the fire. We regard this as a feature of considerable practical importance for it is well known that the joints in a fire wall of this character are a potential source of trouble and it is here that destructive disintegration begins.

Another advantage which we attain in our wall, and which will be obvious from a consideration of Fig. 1, is that any header, 4, may be withdrawn without disturbing the parts of the wall above, which will be supported upon the headers horizontally adjacent to the removed header and, having removed a lower header, the adjacent stretchers below may be removed and replaced without disturbing any other unit. This construction permits. a substantial portion of the wall, whether it be at the top or bottom of an independently supported section, to be removed without disturbing other portions of the wall.

While we have illustrated and described a composite wall in which the inner and outer refractory sections are substantially equal in thickness, it is obvious that this ratio, while practical and economical, is not essential, and we therefore do not wish to limit ourselves to this or other details of construction which may be changed without departing from the scope and spirit of our invention.

We claim- 1. A veneer facing for a fire wall comprising refractory units interlocking in position on said wall and presenting their sides of greatest area to the fire, and headers slidably removable from said wall and provided with means for locking said facing against said wall.

2. A refractory facing for a lire wall comprising header and stretcher units of equal length to break joints throughout, said headers being arranged in vertically spaced dou ble rows and any header being slidably removable from said wall independently of adjacent headers, whereby a portion of said wall below a row of headers may be removed and re laced by withdrawing a single header ad acent thereto.

In a furnace wall construction the com bination of a pair of headers having plane faces in contact and projecting lips on the opposite faces adapted to engage and retain adjacent blocks in said wall.

4t. In a furnace wall construction the combination of a pair of headers slidably separable along plane faces of intimate contact and provided with vertically projecting portions at their outer edges for retaining adjacent blocks in place in said wall.

5. In a furnace construction, the combination with an inner wall, of a veneer facing therefor comprising blocks laid with their sides of greatest area to the fire and headers slidably removable from said wall engaging said blocks and retaining them against said wall.

6. A veneer facing for a fire wall comprising interfitting refractory slabs laid on edge, and a row of headers intermediate the top and bottom of the wall forming an independent support for a section of the facing above; said row of headers being divided to form upper and lower units provided with means interfitting the adjacent slabs of said facing for locking the same against the wall.

7. In a furnace construction a refractory wall structure comprising an inner portion including means for supporting said portion in independent sections, and an outer facing supported in independent sections; said facing including slidably removable headers provided with means for locking said facing in position against the inner portion of the wall.

8. In a furnace construction, a refractory lining comprising units presenting their sides of greatest area to the fire whereby the number of joints is minimized and the units are heated to substantially the same temperature throughout; and spaced rows of slidably removable headers supporting said lining in independent sections and provided with means interfitting the units adjacent said headers for preserving the integrity of said lining.

9. In a furnace construction, a refractory lining comprising in combination an inner refractory portion having a plane outer face, an outer refractory portion comprising units presenting their sides of greatest terniediate the top and bottom of the wall area to the fire and having their opposite being divided and freely separable along :1 sides in the plane of the face of the inner horizontal plane and provided at their outer 10 portion, and vertically spaced rows of headedges with means interfitting the adjacent ers carried by the inner portion for supportunits *or retaining said units in place.

ing the outer portion in sections independ- CHARLES N. MORGAN. ent of each other; each row of headers in- ANDREW L. KEELER.

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