US1516257A - Chuck - Google Patents

Description

Patented Nov. 18, 1924e HARRY T. tvrrrn,

orf DAYTON, oI-Iio'.

CHUK.

Apfpncanbn neamaiy 15; 1923i serial Nt: eraser.

Be it lno'vvnj that L; Hanni?" T. IVHrrii;v a'- citizenk of tlie'United Stat'e'so America, residing" at Dayton; in ther county of' Montgomery: and* Sta-teef Ohio, have invented# Certain new" and useiiul-l Improvements in Chucks;- ofn vvhiclthe follow-ing isl a* vs'pecilicati'o'nf,- reference' being had therein to the accompanying" drawings".

Theini'fen'tionV relates toy chucks and' more particularly to that typeadapted for` engagiing'and releasing a tool'during'the 'continued rotation of the driving spindle. For instance7 sucli chucks;- Whel used on drill pressesg willx permit of eXchangi-ng drills Without stopping'the rotation of the spindle:

the present state of the art, chucks oit the character above des@cribedy have been formedlin which al collet or bushing forl holding the drillis engageablewith a socket rotating With the' spin'dleand is coupled by automatically engaging' dogs: Ih'ese dogs in tii'frn are controlledby the`- rn"o've'lnent of a-'longitud'i'nallyl .ad-j nstable sleeveV surrounding the sobre; and independently favorable;- the arrangementbeing suchy that suclisleeve may' be grasped by the operator' White the' spindle is*- rotatin-g andmay' be' moved longi# tudinallfly to either release or engage the dogs. f l

Usually the dogs for locking* the? colletv are-formed byI ba-lls'- which engage apertures in the? Wafllsotth'e socket;vk being ot difam eter greater than the tlickness'of said Walls' solas to projectbeyondthe saine' either out-v wardly or' inwardly; The' collet is' formed witht recess for engaging eaclr ball1 when' projected! inwardly' andthe sleeve' is` formed with; aar annular recess for engaging.. thev balls when projected' outwardly; Adjacent to thisannular'VVV recessin the sleeveisan` in-v clined or-l cam portion operating when the' sleeve' is moved longitudinally of the socket to for'c'ethe balls inward andinto engage'- me'nt with"` thecollet.`

A- deiiect of' the' construct-ion above' de'- scribed isi that the dogs areretained in their' recesses by only asli`f ;-l`1ty tin, which soon Ttears away.- Consequently, it (frequently happens that the balls drop out,` rendering the' construction inoperative. My improved construction is onedesig'ned to overcome' thisv defect a's will be hereinatter'set forth;

In the drawings:

Figure l is a sectionall elevation" of chuck to which my' improvement is applied ;1

Figures 2 and 3 are enlarged c'liagi-anrmatic views illustrating, respectivelyf in drical recess: B therein and providedv` with a' tapering shank C for engagement with the revolving spindle. D* isA the: collet `longitndi nally" engageablev Witl'r the recessk B and' provided with a tapering socket E for receiving-t Thecollet D is provided with af'shallow annular the' shank of the ydrill or other` tool.

groove F and at one' or more points', preferably on diametricallyl opposite sidesthereof,

with deeper recesses (r for engaging' the locking dogs I-I. These dogsv are located in apertures extending through the side' vvalls of the socket member A so that the outer ends of the dogs areengageable With' a sleeve I. This sleeve has an annular recess* .l

therein for permitting the' outward move# ment ofthe dogs with aVV conical'- portion K adjacent thereto for forcing the dogs in Ward. Movement of the sleeve I iis limitedy by an annular shoulder L formed" therein.` Which engages with a cooperating annular shoulder M on the socket member.4

As illustrated in Figures 2 and 3; the dogsv I-I are" spherica'l', engaging recesses in the Wall of the socket and being of greater diameter than the thicknessy of said Wallt so asto project inward into the recesses G. The

balls are-retained from dropping out by finsv N,y but, as shown, these arel very slight in thickness and of only limited extent. The reason Why a'more'substantiaili bearing is` not possible is that the ball' must necessarily projectl a, considerable distance for proper locking engagement with the collet. Also,.tlie circular cross-section of the collet andiof the socket `for the same Will render the distance from the center of? the ball less in the' aXia-lr plane than in a horizontal plane. Therefore, in this axial plane the iin or shoulder is almost entirely cut away.

l/Vith my improved construction illustrated in Figures 4. and 5, in place of using a spherical dog, I form the dog with integral segmental spherical portions of different radii. The inner portion O is of the smaller radius so as to permit of surrounding the same by a substantial fin or shoulder I formed by counterboring the wall of the socket A. The outer portion Q of the dog is of a larger radius1 which provides a stop for forming a shoulder R engaging the fin I. There is also preferably a cylindrical portion S centrally between the spherical segmental portions, which serves as a guide to hold the dog from turning in its recess other than about the axis.

Vith the construction as described,` the operation of engaging or disengaging a tool from the chuck comprises the raising of the sleeve or collar I and simultaneously inserting the collet D in the socket. The' raising of the sleeve registers the annular recess J with the dogs H so that the collet will Iforce these dogs outward. TWhen, however, the shallow annular recess F is registered with the dogs and the sleeve is moved downward, this will force the dogs inward, first into engagement with said shallow recess and finally into engagement with the deeper recesses G. The latter will couple the collet and socket against rotation as well as against longitudinal separation so that the tool will rotate with the spindle.

With the modified construction shown in Figure 7 in place of forming the outer portion of the dog semi-spherical, it is of conical form, as indicated at T, to engage with the conical portion K of the sleeve.

One advantage of forming the shallow annular recess F is that it effectually precludes the sticking of the collet in the socket, due to any upsetting of the metal from use. With constructions that have heretofore been used, it Ifrequently happens that the impact of the ball or dog against the cnd of the locking groove causes an upsetting of the metal, which in turn will hold the collet from being withdrawn from the socket. Such effect is entirely avoided with my construction.

For detacliably engaging the sleeve I with the socket member A, I have provided a ring or collar U engaging the lower end thereof and slidably fitting the socket meinber. The collar U is detachably locked by means of a split spring ring V which engages a groove on the inner wall of the sleeve and a rabbet W in the collar U.v The arrangement is such that by first slipping the collar U inward beyond its normal position, the split spring ring V may be inserted and sprung into the groove in the sleeve I, after cylindrical socket member, of a collet for i engaging said socket member having an annular groove therein and a deeper recess at one point in said groove forming an annular wall or shoulder below the surface of the collet, a sleeve or collar surrounding said socket and independently rotatable thereon, and a dog for coupling said collet to said socket located in a recess in the wall of the socket, said dog comprising an inner semispherical portion for engaging the annular' groove in said collet and the deeper recess therein, a portion adjacent to said semispherical portion, being of greater diameter and forming an. annular shoulder therebetween, and an outer end portion Hush with said cylindrical socket member when said inner e-nd engages said collet and spaced from said innermost portion by more than the thickness of the wall of said socket, said sleeve having an annular recess for engag-.

ing said outer portion, and a conical portion adjacent to said recess for forcing the dog inward, the recess in said socket being counterbored to form an annular shoulder for engaging said annular shoulder of the dog.

2. In a chuck, the combination with a socket member, of a collet insertable therein provided with an annular groove extending completely around the circumference thereof and a deeper recess at one point in said annular groove forming a driving wall or shoulder below the outer surface of said collet, and a dog in said socket lengageable in said deeper recess to bear against said driving shoulder.

3. In a chuck, the combination with a socket member having an outwardly extending annular portion forming a shoulder, of a sleeve longitudinally slidable upon said socket member formed with a shoulder for engaging the shoulder on said annular portion, a collar arranged between said sleeve and socket member, a spring ring engaging an annular groove in the inner face 0f said sleeve, and a rabbet in the outer face of said collar for receiving said spring ring.

4. In a chuck, the combination with a socket member, of a collet iiisertable therein provided with a recess forming a driving wall or shoulder below the outer surface of said collet, and a dog in said socket eiigageable in said recess. y

5. In a chuck, the combination with a socket member, of a collet for engaging said socket member having an annular groove therein, and a deeper recess at one point in said groove forming a driving wall or shoulder having its upper edge below the surface of said collet, a dog in said socket member engageable in the deeper recess of said annular groove against said driving shoulder, and means for moving said dog into said recess for coupling` said collet and said socket.

6. In a chuck, the combination with a socket member, of a collet for engaging said socket member having an annular groove therein, and a deeper recess at one point in 10 said groove forming a driving Wall or shoulder at the intersection of said recess and said groove, a sleeve or collar surrolmding said socket and independently rotatable thereon, and a dog for coupling said collet 15 to said socket.

In testimony whereof I aix my signature.

' HARRY T. WHITE

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