US1514724A

US1514724A - Fire extinguisher

Info

Publication number: US1514724A
Application number: US397924A
Authority: US
Inventors: Reinhart W Pittman
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1920-07-21
Filing date: 1920-07-21
Publication date: 1924-11-11
Anticipated expiration: 1941-11-11

Description

1 Nov. 11.

R. W. PITTMAN FIRE EXTINGUISHER Filed July 21 1920 2 Sheets-Shea. 1

l 1514.724 Npv R. w. PITTMAN FIRE EXTINGUI SHER Filed July 21 1920 2 Sheets-Sheet. 2

Patented Nov. 11, W24;

tenors REIHHART W. PIKiTlJMAN, OF NEW YORK; N. Y.

FIRE EXTXNGUESHER.

Application filed July 21, 19 20.

To all iclzomct may concern.

Be it known that L Brunt-mm lV. PITT- MAN, a citizen of the United States, and o resident of the borough. of Manhattan, in

the city, county, and State of New York,

have invented certain new and useful In;- provemen ts in Fire 111 tinguishers, of which the following is a, specification.

T his invention relates, to Sprayers adapted for tire extinguishers of the type in which the tire extii'iguishing medium is discharget from a container or res rvoir therefor by pump mechanism, and it isthe primary object of the invention to provide an, improved apparatus of this class to increase the emciency thereof over the commercial fire ex,- ii izguishers of this t *pe to discharge the contents of the reser .oir in a continuous and uninterrupted strican'i with. the least amount oi exertion on the part of the user.

The invention relates to. a type of extinguisher in which the pumping mechanism is operated tofdischarge the contents from the leservoir by a reeiprocable actuating member and to discharge the contents upon each movement of said member. In the operation of fire extinguishers of this type the reservoir is heldin one hand and the actuating member is manipulated by grasp ing a hand grip connected thereto by the other hand and directthe discharged stream by the hand graspii'ig the reservoir. The length of the reservoir of commercial extinguishers o' this type so far as known is approximatcly twelve inches and the operating stroke of the actuating member is substantially the length of the reservoir with the ultthet as the actii ating lllQl'l'llJQl" approz hes the limit of its outermost movement there is a considerable spread between the hands of the user and great diflicult-y is experienced in directing the discharged stream. Furtlierinore, due to the volume of the fire ent-inguishing medium in the pump in front of the operating face or" the piston during the initial portion oi? the stroke lie-- cessitates the exertion of considerable power in the operation of the actuating member. It is an object oi the invention to overcome the above disadvantages by providing a device in which the actuating member has a relatively short movement to perform the function of discharging the contents of the reservoir.

It is a further object ot the invention to Serial 110. 397,924.

provide a fire extinguisher of this type in which. the pumping mechanism to discharge the contents from the reservoir comprises a plurality of pumps having connection with the reservoir and a common discharge out lot from the reservoir.

lit is another object of the invention to provide a lire extinguisher of this character comprising aplurality of pumps having adischarge outlet common to all of the pumps in which an intake is provided which is common to all. of the pumps having an inlet from opposite ends and the side of the reservoir constructed and arranged toshut oi? the in let to the pumping mechanisn'i. at the end which is uppermost and open the inlet to the pumping mechanism at the end which is lowermost, and the inlets adapted to assume a position by gravity at the side oi the reservoir which is lowermost.

t is a still further object of the invention to provide a lire extinguisher of this type in which the pumping mechanism comprises a pair of cylinder pumps including reciprocable pistons in which an actuator is provided which is common to both of the pumps and constructed and arranged to reciprocate both of the pistons simultaneously with the direction of movement of one piston opposite to the direction of movement of the other piston, and the pumps arranged with valve mechanism to alternately connect the pumps to the reservoir and discharge outlet of the reservoir.

t is still another object or the invention to provide in an extinguisher of this type improved valve mechanism to control the discharge outlet of thereservoir, and operable by the actuating member to he moved to and maintained in position to close the discharge outlet of thereservoir.

Other objects and advantages will hereinafter appear.

In the drawings accompanying; and forming a part of this specification Figure 1 is a longitudinal sectional view of a spraying device embodying my invention, and illustrating the aimangement oi? the pumping mechanism, the connection thereof with the outlet of the reservoir, the actuating means for the pumping mechanism and the means to close the outlet of the reservoir.

Figure 2 is a longitudinal sectional view showing the construction and arrangement of intake or pick up means to the pumping llO mechanism to connect the latter with the reservoir at the side and end which is lowermost. 7

Figure 3 is a cross sectional view taken on the line 33 of Figure 1 looking in the direction of the arrow and showing the connection of the intake means with the pumpin mechanism.

Figure 4 is afront elevation of a plate to co-operate with the member shown in Fig ure 3.

Figure 5 is a cross sectional view taken on the line 5-5 of Figure 1 looking in the direction of the arrows.

Figure 6 is a detail view in perspective to show the manner of mounting one end of the pumping mechanism, the connection of the pumping mechanism with the outlet of the reservoir and the intake means, and the connect-ion of vthe latter at one end of the reservoir.

Figure '7 is alongitudinal sectional view showing a modification of the intake means from the reservoir to tl'iepumping mechanism.

Figure 8 is an enlarged sectional end elevation taken on the line 88 of Figure Figure 9 is a front elevation of a head for supporting the pumping mechanism in the reservoir shown at the left of Figure 7.

Figure 10 is an end elevation of one of the intake members shown in Figure 7.

Figure 11 is a longitudinal sectional view taken substantially through the center of Figure 10.

Figure 12 is a perspective view of the parts disassembled to support one end of the pumping mechanism by the nozzle.

Figure 13 is asectional side elevation to show. the connection of a piston with a piston rod; and

in section, to show the manner of mounting one end of the pumping mechanism in Figure 7 upon the stuffing box for the actuator rod. 7 i

In carrying out the invention a conventional form of container or reservoir is provided having a body portion 14: preferably of cylindrical shape in cross section having a closure 15 at one end with a discharge nozzle 16 axially thereof, said closure being fixcd't o the end of the body portion in a suitable manner and dished or depressed as shown, the opposite end has a closure 17 secured thereto.

To discharge the contents of the reservoir, preferably consisting of a liquid and constituting a fire extinguishing liquid when the device is used as a fire extinguisher, is discharged by means of a pumping mechanism connected to the reservoir and discharge nozzle 16, said pumping mechanism comprising a plurality of pumps and shown as of the cylinder type. In the embodiment shown in the drawings a pair of pumps are utilized located at opposite sides of and extending parallel with the longitudinal aXisof the reservoir, and compri ing a pair of

cylinders

18, 19 mounted and fixed at one end upon projections or bosses 20 projecting from one side of a head 21 having a channel 22 in the opposite face, Figure 3. The channel 22 has a port 23 and ports 24 in the bosses 20 upon which the cylinders are mounted communicating with the cylinders to constitute outlets for said passage and inlets to the respective cylinders. Ports 25 through the bosses 20 communicate with and constitute outlets for the cylinders connected in communication with the outlet in the nozzle 16 concentric of the reservoir endby passages or channels 27 in a manner hereinafter set forth. For facilitating manufacture the

channels

22 and 27 are formed in one facet of the head 21, and to provide closed passages a plate or member 28 (Figure 4) is secured c to said face of the head 21. To secure the plate and head against a shouldered tubular member 21 having a bore 26 passes axially through the head and plate with the ends projecting therefrom and the shoulder thereof engaging the head, and a nut 29 threaded to the projecting end of said member at the outer face of the plate 28, said member 21 also having a transverse port in line with the channel 27 in the head and constituting a part thereof. The plate 28 has a port 30 extending through a lateral projection 31 and which port is adapted to aline with a port 32 in a boss projecting from the face of the head opposite to the plate 28, for a purpose to be hereinafter described. The ports 2st leading into the cylinders are controlled by spring influenced suction valves 33 and the ports 25 are controlled by spring in fluenced valves 34, both of which are shown as of the ball type.

A casing in the form of a tube is mounted at one end upon the boss 35 in communication with the head port 32 and the port 30 in the plate 28. The opposite end of the casing has a tube 36 connected thereto having a restricted bore relative to the bore of the casing, said tube being connected at the end opposite to the casing with a port 37 in a member or head 38, said port 37 extending through a proj ection 39 extending laterally from said head 38. The casing 35 is connected to the inlet port 23 of the channel 22in the head 21 and thereby with the ports 24 leading into the cylinders by a tube or pipe 40 connected at one end to said port 23 and the opposite end connected to a port 11 in the casing By this arrangement the pump cylinders ill) are connected in a r'i-gggid 's't tueture with the heads-38 and 21 fan-C means of 7 heads the 1 'puih p Cy lindeirs with the connected c'asiiig are adapted "to he mounted in the reservoir 1 to have ietat-ive movement "on an axis in line *tvith the axisef the reservoir with-the orted projections Blan'd "3'9 ot' the head'sin alignment and/extending to -op'posite ends and near theside *oft'he reservoir, preferably with the extremities dyin contiguous to the jun'o'tu re of the elesmes 15, 17 with i the loody of the rese-"rv'oir 1 and tliereby cmmeeting the pninp cylinders "with "the reserve? 'at the sideand-"oppositeends"of che reservoir. To mount the pump efi-nders with the connected casing -35 to re ate en an axis in line o'tthe" s of: the {reset oir the nozzle Iii-hashtuhula1-sten1to extend into the reservoir and loosely en-gaging in the bore of't he piojeeting 'ineinher -21, "with the openingfin the 'nozzle'stemin eominnication with "th'e hore 9'6,in re ember 2i and nozzle, the nozzle being i A to the elosure in asuiftable manner, as smoldering. "lhehea d '38 is loosely mou-ntedkm a sleeve 4.2 ooi'istituting part ot *a eta-fling hex mounted in the closure 17.

The

cylinders

18, 19 are airai-iged a ric'ally ogpo'site eachother in line '1" 1e axis ofthe reservoir, and them sing 25..) is 10 *ated substantially "midway "betiveen the cylinders and extends parallel Wv'iththe L lintler and will aritohn t cally assumeapesition by gravity "belo'n ie a; "s of 'the'reservoir and positionthe inlets 391iear the side portiono'f the reservoir *ivhih --"i's lc wer'miost in all positions ot theresetvoir. The heads 21,38'1nayhe Weighted*adj'aeentthe inlets 31, 39'and suppol'tede'eoentric' to the axis of said heads thereby "facilitating the ositioning of the intake neartheside po'itioirof the reservoir which is "lowermost.

To connect the ey'lind erswvit'htlie reservoir at the end "Whih is'lovve'rmos't the*casingSS is arranged as a *val'veohamher by fitting disks 4%, in spacedrel'ation in he "casing; the disks being axially perforatedand arranged with valveseats at theouter sides, the opening and I closing e1? Whieh pert'o'ran-retnisin'eoinpri'sing a pair of i 'neeted by a'rotl 48 0i" greaterle'l th'thawthe spacebetween the disks whereby-said valves are "adapted to operate inversely in unison. Should "thenOZZle-end of the reservoir -be tilted downward from the "horizontal "the valve 46 willloe seateckagainst the valve seat 1-4 shnuttingoff the cylinders f1 'm*the upper portion of the reservointhro g fthe "inlet port 37 in ineiriber 39 andopenf the cylinders to the'end fofthe reservoir Whieh "is lowerinos't through the poft "3(ljd1- nieinber -"-31,-'casing 35, valve" disk "and? tube ett) "connected s "w the casing or valve hanihe'r at a p'oint lretween the valve disks 4%, la}. It will be oh- I ser-ib ed the by Violas that o'ultl 1e eat-tot the fir'eeervoir opposite to the clilliarg'e nozzle 'be -dewnward t'ro'm the h "zont a'l valve will bes'eatetl indersfroin-the reserve. throi mile in melnberfll and seat the valve 47 f ripening the *

cylinders

18, 19 to the reseiu nr "through the intake p0rt 34'. It morebeobvio s' that by the ah*an enient ledei's 18, 19 are p'rovicled 'Wvitlr-ah li et valve mechanism em th-e r eservoir wh i is"eom'1non-to all of t he 'oyliindeTs' and aoafite'd to automatically and "by ravity position a n inlet to said cylinders in the lower portion of the reservoir "with said inlet open to the reservoir in a'll positions thereof.

To control the entranee of the centen-tsef the "fes'ervloir to the cylinders 18, T9 and-diseharge t l1e"saine '49, 50 having suit hie peeking "are 1ieei p'1r')- (J-ably *trno'untecl in the eyli-nders, each piston havi g "a piston "rod 51, '52 :conl-ie'o tec'l th'e're- 'to and e-xtentling though the "open *end *of thecylindersopposite the valve controlled inlet'and outlet qa'orts and ar-Tan l with Back teelthpas l'Io"\ 'n at-53.-54 m'eshi flvi'i'h hon- 5o *10 eta'bl veafried by a bracket 56 *cenn "eted to-and niaintaining the lind'ers I8, 19 at-the ends-opposite to the head 21411 spaced relation said "bracket also having lateral 'projee tions 57, Y 58 arranged to form guides for thep-is'to'n-rods d'rnain'tain the teeth thereof in i'nesh with the pinion The

cylinders

18,19 areof less "length than the rod-'51, and'having a handle Gleonneted to the outer e'nthto manipnlate the rod. The pistoilsaie s1 arrangetl tlntt Whenomeo the pistonsisdiri'ts innermost po inderth'e" ther cylinder is in its outern-lost position, rod the qaistoiis will be simultaneously eiprocated, '"b-ut in a direotion inversely 1 to eaeh other. By this arran-jgen-len't the pumps are "operated in altenmt-ien in =tliseha'rging the eentents fr 01 n the reservoir. 'By the rotatalo'le connection of the actuaton'rod 59 "with the pumping mechanism t-he piston mehanisin is adapteditorotate freely with the cylinders '18 1 9. i

To prevent leakageef the contents of the reserveir througlrthediseltarg'e' nozzle 'and shi'it 0 ft the interior of the senveir Efrem the atmosphere tlirough-the chsehar e moZZle valve mechanism is provided toelo'se the orifice through said nozzle, and comprise. a

lfli) valve 62 carried by a stem 63 to co-operate with a seat at the inner end of the stem of the nozzle, the valve stem being slidably mounted in the member 21 in the head 21 and a guide 64: and yieldingly urged in a direction to unseat the valve by a spring 65, said movement being limited by an adjustable collar 66 on the valve stem abutting against the guide 64:- The free end of the valve stem is arranged to lie in the path of movement of a flange 67 on the connection of the actuator rod with a piston rod and be engaged by said flange and moved against the action of the spring to seat the valve as the actuator rod approaches its innermost position.

To look the actuator rod 59 in position to maintain the outlet closing valve seated means are provided to lock said actuator rod against reciprocation and in its innermost position. For this purpose the connec tion of the operating handle 61 to the rod is arranged to permit of rotative movement of the handle on the rod and the handle and rod to have a limited longitudinal movement relative to each other by providing a portion of the rod engaging in the handle with a reduced portion 68 engaged by a pin 69 extending transversely through the shank of the handle. The handle and rod are urged in opposite directions to the limit of their movement with the pin 69 engaging a shoulder formed by the reduced portion 68 of the rod by a spring 70 confined between the end of the rod and a screw plug 71 threaded into the outer end of the opening for the actuator rod. As the actuator rod approaches its innermost position the flange 67 will abut against the end of.

the valve stem and move said stem to seat the valve 62, the tenslon of the spring 70 being such as to overcome the tension of the valve spring 65. As the valve is seated the handle is rotatably adjusted to register diametrically opposite recesses in an annular flange 72 at the end of the shank of the handle with opposite cam portions 7 3 projecting laterally from the stuffing box when the handle is moved longitudinally of the actuator rod against the tension of the spring 7 0 until the cam portions 7 3 are positioned in the recesses of the flange 72 when the, handle is given a partial rotation causing said cam projections 73 to engage in back of the flange portion 72 and lock the actuator rod against movement and the valve 62 against its seat. To unseat the valve 62 it is only necessary to give the handle 61 a partial rotation and draw the same outward thereby moving the flange of the support of the actuator rod out of engagement with the end of the valve stem 63 when the valve will be unseated by the spring 65.

It will be ovious that by the arrangement described that the contents of the reservoir is discharged by a plurality of pumps, said pumps having inlet means from the reservoir which, as well as the outlet of the reservoir, is common to all of the pumps, and that the actuator is common to all of the pumps. Furthermore, that while the reciprocable movements of the pump pistons are comparatively short relative to the length of the reservoir a continuous and uninterrupted stream is discharged from the nozzle during the actuation of the pumping mechanism, and it is just as effective, it not more so, as in devices of this character in which the pump piston has a movement substantially the full length of the reservoir, and requiring the least amount of energy in the operation of the same.

The construction of the pumping mechanism and the connection thereof with the discharge nozzleshown in Figure 7 is the same as that shown in Figures 1 to 6. However, instead of the pumping mechanism with the connected intake means being rotatably supported in the reservoir the pumping mechanism is supported in fixed position. F or this purpose the nozzle instead of being fixed to the closure 15 with the stem thereof loosely engaging in the projecting end of the member 21 the nozzle stem is threaded into said projection, as shown at 7 5, thereby clamping said end of the pumping mechanism to the closure 15. The head 38 for supporting the opposite end of the pumping mechanism is arranged with a longitudinally split hub having a clamping screw 76 to releasably secure the head to the sleeve or bushing 42. The inlets to the pumps are connected to the ports 82, 37 in the

heads

21, 38 through the gravity valve carrying casing 35 the same as in Figures 1 and 2 to connect the pump mechanism with opposite ends of the reservoir. To connect the pumping mechanism with the reservoir near the side which is lowermost in all positions of the

reservoir intake members

77, 78 are provided arranged to be at all times in communication with the

inlet ports

32, 37 of the

heads

21, 38 and adapted to assume a position by gravity below the axis of the reservoir in all positions thereof. These inlet members comprise segments rotatably supported upon the sleeve 42 and the member 21 and extend radially to the side of the reservoir with ports 81, 82 extending through the peripheral portion of said members and communicating with an nular recesses 83, 84 in the faces of the respective members lying contiguous to the head 38 and the plate 28, and with said head and plate constituting chambers with which the ports 32', 37 are in communication in all positions of said members 77 7 8. Suitable marinas packing, such asv felt Washers 85, is interposed between the intake members, 77, 78 and the head 88 and late 28.

Havingthus, described my invention I in alternation to discharge. the conten s of the reservoir.

2. The combination, with a reservoir, of a plurality of pumps. having suction inlets, an intake common to all: ot the suction inlets of the pumps having an inlet. from 0pposite ends of the reservoir operated by gravity to automatically position inlets thereto below the axis or the reservoir, an outlet from the reservoir commonto all of the pumps, and means to actuate the pumps in alternation to discharge the contents of the reservoir.

3. The combination with aliquid carrying reservoir, of a plurality of pumps having inlet ports and outlet ports in communication with the discharge outlet common to all of the outlet port means common to all of the pumps operative to actuate the pumps in alternation; valve mechanism operable to control the entrance of liquid to and. its discharge from the pumps; intake means in the reservoir in communication with the inlets to the pumps and arranged to be positioned by gravity to connect the pumpsv with the liquid in that portion of the reservoir which is lowermost; and a valve for the discharge outlet arranged to be main ained in l sed, pos on by the pump a ua i g mean in on Posi n thereof. I

at. The Combination with a reservoir havins; u let of a plura ity of yl nd i the res rvo ha ing le ports and outle ports connected to the reservoiroutlet; pistons t rec proc te n h ylinders; al mechanism perabl t control the nl a outlet ports of the cylinders during the reciprocation of h P stons; n k u men to ll of th inlet Po ts of e cy i d r having in le rom pposi e ends) of h r servoir; op ra ng ommon t all of the; p sto s to actua e he pistons n t na ion t d charg the, soon-te ts o he reservoir.

he omb nation wit a re et ng n ou l t r a plu -it; f, a l s ts in the reservoi pistons, to re iprocat in the cy de s; suc io i lets to he cy nders; valve c ntrolled ou e s s me the cy nde o ne to he ese voi ou let; an n ake common tothe suction inlets of all the cylinders, said intake having an inlet from opposite ends of the reservoir and operable by gravity to position the inlets below the axis of the reservoir; and an operating. rod common to all of the pistons operable to actuate the pistons to draw the contents from the reservoir to and discharge the same from the cylinders in alternation.

6. The combination with a reservoir having an outlet, of a plurality of pumps. in the reservoir connected to the reservoir and the reservoir outlet; means operable to actuate the pumps in alternation; and a valve for the reservoir outlet in the connection of the outlets of the pumps and reservoir and arranged to be maintained in closed position by the pump actuating means in one position thereof.

7. The combination with a reservoir having an outlet, of a plurality of cylinder pumps in the reservoir connected to the reservoir and the reservoir outlet, a reciprocable rod to actuate the pumps in alternation; and valve for the reservoir outlet normally urged to open position and arranged to be maintained in closed position by the pump actuating rod in one position thereof.

8. The combination With'a reservoir hilV-r. ing an outlet, of a plurality of cylinder pumps in the reservoir connected to the reservoir and reservoir outlet; an operating. rod operable to actuate the p unps in alternation; a valve for the reservoir outlet; means to yieldingly urge the valve to open position; said valve arranged to be main}, tained in outlet closing position by the pum operating rod in one position thereof; and means to lock the operating rod in position with the valve outlet closing position.

9. The combination with a reservoir hav ing an outlet, of a plurality of Gylinder pumps in the reservoir connected to the reservoir and reservoir outlet; an operating re arran ed to Ope at he Pu p n altera on a l to ntr l t e serv r nlet having a stem whereby it is slidably sup,- o te t pring o oop t t th alv stem to urge the stem and valve in adirec; tion to open the outlet, and said valve stem adapted be engaged by the pump actuating rod to move the stem to position the valve to close the outlet; and means to lock the pump actuating rod in position with the a ve in n l dos ng Posit on- 0- The no nat ve ith a eservoir liar let eta Plx ity Qf-iiiimp ha'r is l v e controlled out ts seaistedite ie rese o r was; mans to actuate th names n lternation; ravity a e ar-tr lle in ake from he r rvolr G ms- &1? t th su ion islets o ib -the pumps adapted to automatically position an inlet thereto in the lower portion of the reservoir in all positions of the reservoir and provide a continuous passage from said inlet to the suction inlets of the pumps and valve means operative by the pump actuating means in one position thereof to shut off the liquid in the reservoir from the outlet.

11. The combination with a reservoir, of a plurality of pumps having suction inlets; an outlet from the reservoir common to all of the pumps; an actuator common to all of the pumps; an intake having a pair of inlets common to all of the suction inlets of the pumps adapted to position an inlet thereto by gravity in the lower portion of the reservoir in all positions of the reservoir and a pair of valves for said intake arranged to operate in unison adapted to shut ofi the inlet to the intake which is uppere most and open the inlet which is lowermost to provide a continuous passage from said inlet to the suction inlets of the pumps.

12. The combinationwith a reservoir, of a plurality of pumps having suction inlets; an outlet from the reservoir common to all of the pumps;.an actuator for the pumps; and inlet valve mechanism common to all of the pumps having an inlet from opposite ends of the reservoir adapted to position the inlets by gravity near the side of the reservoir which is lowermost in all positions of the reservoir and provide a continuous passage from either of said inlets to the suction inlets of the pumps; and a valve interposed between the pumps and discharge outlet operable by the pump actuator in one position thereof to maintain the same closed to shut off the liquid in the reservoir from the discharge outlet.

13. The combination with a reservoir, of a plurality of pumps having suction inlets; an outlet from the reservoir common to all of the pumps; an actuator for the pumps; a chamber common to all of the suction inlets of the pumps having an inlet from opposite ends of the reservoir and an outlet intermediate the inlets in communication with the reservoir outlet and adapted to swing about the axis of the reservoir; and gravity valves in said chamber operable to shut off the inlet to said chamber which is uppermost and open the inlet to the chamber which is lowermost in all positions of the reservoir for the purpose specified.

14. The combination with a reservoir, of a plurality of pumps having suction inlets; an outlet from the reservoir common to'all of the pumps; an actuator for the pumps; a chamber common to all of the suction inlets of the pumpshaving an inlet from opposite ends of the reservoir and adapted to assume a position by gravity near the side of the reservoir which is lowermostin all positions of the reservoir; valves connected to one another to operate inversely in unison to shut off the inlet to the chamber which is uppermost and open the inlet to the Chamber which is lowermost for the purpose specified; valve mechanism for the reservoir outlet operable by the pump actuator in one position thereof. to close said outlet; and means to lock the pump actuator in said position with the valve for the discharge outlet in closed position. I

15. The combination with a reservoir, of a plurality of pumps in the reservoir having suction inlets from the reservoir; a chamber having valve controlled ports from the pumps and an outlet to the exterior of the reservoir; means to actuate the pumps; and a valve operable by the pump actuator in one position thereof to shutoff the outlet of the chamber.

16. The combination with a reservoir, of a plurality of pumps including cylinders in the reservoir having suction inlets from the reservoir; pistons to reciprocate in the pump cylinders; a chamber having valve controlled ports from the cylinders and an outlet to the exterior of the reservoir; means to reciprocate the pistons and actuate the pumps in alternation; a valve in said chamber to control the outlet from said chamber and normally urged to position to open said outlet, and adapted to be moved to position to close said outlet by the pump actuating means in one position thereof; and means to lock the pump actuating means against movement and the valve in position to shut oil the outlet of the chamber.

17. The combination with a reservoir, of a plurality of cylinder pumps arranged to extend parallel with the axis of the reservoir having outlet means common to all of the pumps to the exterior of the reservoir and suction inlets from opposite ends of the reservoir common to all of the pumps, saidpumps being adapted to rotate in unison about the axis of the reservoir; gravity valves to shut off the inlet from the reservoir which is uppermost; and an actuator for said pumps.

18. The combination with a reservoir, of a plurality of cylinder pumps arranged to extend parallel with the axis of the reservoir having outlet means common to all of the pumps to the exterior of the reservoir and suction inlets; means to actuate the pumps; intake means to the suction inlets having an inlet from opposite ends of the reservoir rotatable about the axis of the reservoir and adapted to assume a position by gravity near the side of the reservoir which is lowermost; and gravity valve mechanism operable to shut oflt the inlet to the intake means which is lowermost.

19. The combination with a reservoir having an outlet in one end in line with the axis of the reservoir, of a plurality of pump cylinders in the reservoir each pump having an outlet connected to the reservoir outlet and suction inlets connected to the reservoir; pistons to reciprocate in said cylinders; an actuating rod slidably mounted in the end of the reservoir in line with the axis thereof opposite to the outlet; and means to connect said rod to the pistons to reciprocate said pistons simultaneously and in opposite directions for the purpose specified.

, 2-0. The combination with a reservoir having an outlet axially in one end, of a pair of cylinders in the reservoir having valve controlled outlets connected to the reservoir outlet and suction inlets connected to the reservoir; pistons to reciprocate in said cylinders; an actuating rod slidably mounted in the end of the reservoir in line with the axis thereof and opposite to the outlet and having connection with one of the pistons; and means to connect the other piston to and actuate the same from the first piston and in inverse direction thereto.

21. The combination with a reservoir having an outlet axially at one end of a pair of pump cylinders in the reservoir having valve controlled outlets connected to the reservoir outlet and suction inlets connected to the reservoir; pistons to reciprocate in said cylinders; piston rods connected to said pistons; an actuating rod slidably mounted in the end of the reservoir in line with the axis thereof and opposite to the outlet and connected to one of the piston rods, and an operating connection between the piston rods arranged to reciprocate the pistons simultaneously in opposite directions by the reciprocation of the actuating rod for the purpose specified.

22. The combination with a reservoir having an outlet axially at one end, of a pair of pump cylinders in the reservoir having valve controlled outlets connected to the reservoir outlet and suction inlets connected to the reservoir; pistons to reciprocate in said cylinders; piston rods connected to said pistons arranged with rack teeth; a pinion to mesh with said rack teeth of the piston rocs' and an actuating rod slidably mounted in the end of the reservoir in line with the axis thereof and opposite to the outlet and connected to one of the piston rods for the purpose specified.

23. The combination with a reservoir having an outlet of a plurality of pumps in the reservoir having suction inlets and con-,

neoted to the reservoir outlet; an actuator common to all of the pumps arranged to actuate the pumps in alternation; and inlet valve mechanism from the reservoir common to all of the pumps having an inlet from opposite ends of the reservoir and providing an unobstructed passage from said inlets to the suction inlets of the pumps, and adapted to automatically position said inlets at the side of the reservoir which is lowermost open and shut off the inlet which is uppermost from the reservoirand suction inlets of the pumps.

Signed at the city of New York, in the county of New York and State of New York, this 15th day of July, 1920.

RE INHART W. PITTMAN.