US1512993A - Air gun - Google Patents

Description

' Oct. 28. 1924. 1 512 9 3 7 W. A. MCLEAN AIR GUN Filed May 5, 1922 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 mmv uumiimilt I mum MTTORNEY v Get 28 v 1924.

Y w. A. M LEAN AIR GUN Filed May -5,' 1922 uuuwuuuuuuuuuuqs q 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 INYENTJR W 54 TTORNEY Patented Oct. 28, 1924.

UNITED; sures PATENT fol-Pica.

WILLIAM A lllcLEA N, OF ROCHESTER, NEW YORK, ASSIGNOR OF ONE-HALF TO BER- TEAM 8. 'FENNER, OF ROCHESTER, NEW YORK.

AIR arm. I I

Application filed Hayt', 1922. Serial No. 558,8u0.

To all whom it may) concern.-

Be it known that I, WILLIAM A. MCLEAN, of Rochestelyin the county of Monroe and State of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Air Guns; and I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description 'of the same, reference being-had to the accompanying drawings, forming a part of this specification,.3 and a to the reference numerals marked thereon.

My present invention relates to ordnance and, more particularly to air guns, and it has for its object to provide a simple, ellicient and durable air rifle suitable for use as a small caliber sporting or-target rifle. The improvements are directed to features of construction whereby the gunis made simple to operate and is. easily taken apart for cleaning, adjustment and repair. provements are further directed toward improving the valves so that they will remain tight and admit of high pressure being developed and. this without the corrosive effect usually produced as a result of condensation in connection with compressing the air. To these and other ends the invention consists in certain improvements and combinations of parts. all as' will be hereinafter morefully described, the novel features being pointed out in the claims at the end of the specification.

In the drawings:

Figure 1 is a side view of an air rifle constructed in accordance with and illustrating one embodiment of my invention;

Figure 2 is an enlarged view of the same partly broken away and partly in vertical section through the stock;

Figure 3 is across section on the line 33 of Figure 2;

Figure 4 is an enlarged cross section on the line 44 of Figure 1;

Flgure 5 isa fragmentary top plan view of the breech in the osition of Figure 2-;

Figure 6 is an e arged fra "entary sectional view through the breecl i Figure 7 is a fragmentary longitudinal sectional view through the pump cylinder and piston, and

F1 ure' 8 is a cross section throu h'the breec block taken substantially on t e line 8--8 of Figure 6,

Similar reference numerals throughout the several views indicate the same parts.

The im- My improved gun preferably includes a der 6 near the muzzle and the gun is charged by one or several strokes: of the pump induced by pulling out the rod 8 and then forcibly returning it by placing the butt against the shoulder and testing the button 7 against the ground, a tree or a wall. At the front end the barrel 5 and pump cylinder 6 are held together by a band 9 in which is formed the front sight 10 and to which the pump cylinder is locked by a screw 11 passing therethrough and also securing a bearing collar 12 in a front end of the pump cylinder for the pump rod 8, all as shown in Figure 3. A similar middle band 13 is provided that rests'in the stock 2 to which it is held by a screw 14'.

The rear end of the barrel and the chamber 14: contained therein is held in a solid breech block 15 by a set ,screw l6 which breech block carries the rear sight *17. The gun operates with a bolt action, the bolt 18 being reciprocable through the use of the usual knob or handle 19 between guiding lugs 20 at the'rear and top of the breech block 15. At "the front end of the bolt is a non-metallic seat 21 of fiber or similar material that is noncorrosive and is adapted .to tightly engage the rear end of the chamber 14 and barrel 5, as shown in Figure 6. It is locked in such air tight engagement by the rotation of the bolt 18 on which is a lug 22 that locks with a cam shoulder23 at the front of the lug 20 in the ordinary manner, the shoulder 23 being sli htly inclined and the lug 20 being provide with a slot 24 at the top to accommodate the lug 22 when the bolt is withdrawn as in Figure 2. In this position the chamber is open and what may be termed by analogy and convenience v.a firing pin 25 at the front end of the bolt is exposed within the notch or cutaway portion 26 at the center of'the breech block 15 to receive therprojectile or bullet 27 tha tis the condensationof inserted on the pin and, carried into the posito' occur where air is compressed and expand tion of Figure 6 in the chamber 14 with the ed. A spring "48 interposedgbetween the forward motion of the bolt. This bullet is check valve 39' and the head of ithe valve 44 preferably of the double conical form shownpresses themin' opposite toward in Figure 6 with a conical cavity in its rear their respective seats and particuend to receive the pin 25 which shape also larly a'spring for the check-valve 39.

contributes to the ballistic properties of the plained. The pin is preferablyscrewed guided upon the latter is'a reciprocatory into the bolt at 28 andhas a shoulder 29' hammer sleeve 49, having a shoulder '50 at that holds the seat 21 in place ina cavity in the bolt end. r

:Therear end of the pump cylinder of tube 6 is preferably the front end thereof between which shoul threaded into 'the breech end of the tube 49 isclosed'by a cap plug block 15 at the 'front end of the latter below 53 threaded therein which cap plug normally I is bound Surrounding the valve 'stemi46 a1id the bullet in a way that ne'ed not. be here e'xvalve casing 40 which are cylindrical and the barrel 5, as best shown in Figure 6, and engages the rear end of the valve stem 46 contains a pump chamber 30in which operas shown in Figure 6 and holds the valveun preferably of fiber that makes a tight conthis piston and a shoulder 32 on the pump light.

ates a piston 31 of the usual construction at seated, the spring 52 being superior to the i the rear end of the pump rod 8. Between spring 48 which latter may be relatively rod is a lubricating block 33 formed'with The gun is :cocke'd by withdrawing the an annular groove in which is-an absorbent bolt' 18 and when rotated by the knob 19 packin only llil) of use but causes oil in sufiicient quantity to bolt engages the cap 53 as shown in Figure 34 that, once soaked with oil, not for this purpose to release lug 22 from, ricates the pump for a long perlod shoulder 23, a pin on the rear nd ofthe" be useful to find its way through the air 2 and, draws it back together with the I passages and mechanism hereafterdescribed; hammer sleeve 49; which compresses the' Fitting within the end of the'pump'tube 6 firing spring 52; permits" the'valve is a shell 35 having shoulders 33: engaging 44 to seat and the gun ma be charged with the end of the tube to define its position, air. The sleeve 49 is'held 1n the cooked posiwhich shell forms the high compression tion bya detent 56 on a trigger 3; pivoted chamber 37 The shell is formed with a port at 57 in a slot 58. in the underside of the, J

or passage 38 communicating with the pump breech block 15. In so doing the detent 56 chamber 30 to receive charges of air thereengages the front end of the sleeve it) inoin under the control of a check valve 39, the region :of the shoulder 50 which is cut; and in this way the high compression chani back for the purpose as shown to msure an effective engagement. Upon pulling the I Threadedinto the breech block from the trigger the sleeve .49 is-released and the cap ber 37 ischarged to the desired degree.

rear in alinenient with the pump cylinder 53 forcibly strikes the end of the valve stem in chamber 37 is a valve casing 40 having a 46 unseating the valve 44 and discharging non-metallic washer 41 at its front end, also the bullet as heretofore described.

tact with the end of the shell 35 holding it spring lying on the under side of the breech The trigger spring 59 'is a,flat breech? in place in its tube and also constituting the block to hold the detent portion 56 in posino rear wall of the chamber 37. The valve castion to engage, and. I prefer to secure the ingfis secured in this position by a lock nut spring by confinin itpnder a shoulder 60 42. The washer 41 has a seat 43 -therein'for on "a alt-61 thre ed mto the breech block a valve 7 compressed air from chamber 37 to a pasby means'of a mit 62. sage 45 in the valve casing 40 through which It will be observed that all of the. breech the valve stem 46 projects. This passage 45 mechanism, can taken down or releads-to a vertical passage 47 formed in the moved for cleaning, oiling or impair. valve casing- 40, the breech-block 15 and the removin'g the barrel 5 to open into the chamber 14,, so that firing springi52 may removed and also when the valve 44' is, suddenly released orjthe sleeve 49. B'y then removing the lock unseated the highly compressed air'from the hut 4-2 the whole valve casing 40 and valge chamber 37 is admitted to the rifle chamber 44 may beremoved to the rear end of the 14 behind the bullet 27 and'in this way the breech block. This may be followed by'the gun is fired' The shape and manner of removal of spring 48 and check valve 39 cooperation of the valve 44. ,with its nonwith or without the-shell 35 of the commetallic seat 43 is important in practice and is suchthat the valve continually grinds itsv removed in a forward 'on: from own seat and remains tightf It also does not the front end ofthe breech block and the become foul from corrosion or t e eifects of shel135 and. contents with it if desired unless 44 that cohtrols the escape of the and which fastens thelatter to the 2- ression chamber. The farm tube 61 miy these parts have been removed as previously 'and containing a pressure chamber and a pump chamber and a valve casing extendin into the breech-block from, the rear end an meeting-the pump tube to'constitute one end wall of the pressure chamber.

- 2. In an'air gun, the combination with a breeclnblock, of a pump tube secured therein, a removable shell contained in the secured end-of the pump tube and constituting a pressure chamber having an intake port communicating with the pump tube, and a valve. casing removably secured in the breech block and cooperating with the shell to constitute one end -wall of the. pressure chamber, the removal of the valve casing permitting the removal of the shell throu h the breech-block. k

3, I n an air gun, the combination with a breech-block, of a pump tube secured in the front end thereof, a removable shell. con tained in the secured end of the pump tube and constituting a pressure chamber having an intalre port communicating with the pump tube, said shell being provided with a shoulder abutting the end of the pump tube,,and a valve casing removably secured in the breech block and cooperating with the shell to clamp the shoulder thereon in place and constitute one end w 11 of the pressurechamber, the removal 6 the valve casing a breech-block havin 4 file release valve casing permitting the removal of the shell through the breech-blockt 4. In an air im, the combination with a breech-block, o a pump tube secured in the front end thereof, a removable shell contained in the secured end of the pump tube and constituting a pressure chamber having an intake 'port communicating with the pump tube, a check valve and'spring in the shell controlling isaid port and removable through the end of the shell, and a valve casing removably secured in .the' breechblock and cooperating with the-shellto con stitute one end wall of the pressure chamber, the removal of the valve cas' permitting ,the removal of-the shellthrou fg the breechblock or the spring and chuck valve from the shell, a

5-. Inan air gun, the combination with a pump tube secured therein,'of a detacha secured in the breech block and a removable pressure chamber shell carried in the secured end of the pump tube, said parts bein alined and removable in the order name through the rear end of the breech block.

" 6.111' in air gun, the combination with a breech blockuhaving a pump tube secured therein, o f a detachable releasevalve casing secured inthe breech block and a removable pressure chamber shell carried in the secured end of the pump tube, said parts being alined and removable in the order,

' named through the rear end of the breech block, the pressure chamber shell having an intake port andcontaining a check valve and spring controlling the same and removable through the rear end of the shell.

' A. McLEAN,

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