US1506579A - Pulling machine - Google Patents

Description

F. H. HALL PULLING MACHINE 1923 2 Sheets-Sheet L Filed April 13 wroz'.

Fra/wEHaZZ.

Aug. 26 1924. 1,506,579

F. H. HALL PULLING MACHINE Filed April 15 1923 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 Patented A11 26, 1924.

UNITED STATES FRANK H. HALL, or seamen-n, PENNSYLVANIA.

PULLING MACHINE.

Application filed April 13, R 23. Serial No. 631,894.

To all whom it may concern Be it known that I, FRANK H. HALL, a citizen of United States, and a resident of Bradford, in the county of McKean and State of Pennsylvania, have invented a Pulling Machine, of which the following is a full and complete specification.

My invention is an improvement in pulling machines and relates more especially to a machine for special use at an oil well, as for instance in pulling out well tubings and other parts of the well, being usable in connection with certain parts of the pumping rig shown and described in my application for patent filed March 9, 1923, Serial No. 624,036.

The primary object of my invention is to provide acompact, powerful and easily operated pulling machine that may be readily placed in position at the well and operated by any of the conventional types of engines employed in operating the wellpump, in the present instance applying the power to awinding drum through the intervention of a ratchet and pawl mechanism with interposed operating means therefor.

A further object of my invention is to provide a pulling machine of this character in which the power applied to the windingdrum may be varied with respect to the strokes communicated to the machine from the ordinary pumping engine, whereby an ar angemerit for the application of the maximum pulling power may be employed in withdrawingheavy parts from the well and a different arrangement used providing a lesser power but a quicker rotation of the winding-drum to expedite the operation of pulling .out lighter parts.

Another object of my invention is to provide a mechanism for rotating the winding drum in which the operation thereof may be effected through the direct connection of the piston rod of a steam-engine or by the connection of a pull line whichever may be more convenient or desirable.

Vith these principal objects in view my invention contemplates providing a portable pulling machine for com'erting a reciprocating motion into a rotary motion applied to a drum upon which the pulling cable is wound, comprising a suitable frame, a large ratchet-wheel mounted therein and rotated continuously or intermittently by opposite pawls each carried by an independent vibrating arm, and means for operating said vibratory arms through the medium of the pinup-engine; all as hereinafter fully described and more specifically set forth in the appended claims.

In the accompanying drawings Fig. 1 is a side elevation of a pulling machine constructed in accordance with my invention and showing it applied for use at an oil well.

Fig. 2 is a front end elevation of the machine.

Fig. 3 is a sectional view through the ratchet-wheel, winding-drum and cooperating parts on the main. shaft.

Fig. 4 is a view illustrat'ng the operation of the pawl and ratchet mechanism for a continuous operation of the ratchet-wheel.

Fig. 5 is a similar view with the parts arranged for an intermittent rotation of the ratchet-wheel.

Fig. 6 is a detail transverse sectional view through the clutch mechanism.

In the present instance I have shown my pulling machine applied to an oil well having the usual casing head 10 surrounded by a platforn'i 11, and as the machine will be employed principally for drawing parts out of the well, such as the sucker-rod, pump, well-tubing, &c., it is desirable to have the cable 12 from the winding-drum pass over a sheave 13 located above and perpendicular to the well or opening through the casing head, and consequently I prefer to support this sheave on the pivoted uprights 14: forming part of the pumping rig embodied in my prior application for patent hereinabove referred to.

In carrying out my invention the mechanism comprising the pulling machine is supported in a. rectangular frame made up of end pieces 15 15'and longitudinal side pieces 16 16, with uprights 17 1'? near the front end of the frame connected at their upper ends by a cross-piece 18 and suitably braced by rods 19; additional uprights Q0 20 braced by rods 21 being located at the rear end of the frame when what is termed a donkey pump-engine is employed. The. frame with the pulling mechanism hereinafter described rests upon the platform 11 in convenient proximity to the casing head 10 of the well, and in order that the machine may be removed from the platform when not inv use, or for use elsewhere, the said frame is not permanently fastened to the platform but of course may be temporar-ily secured thereto if desired.

It will be noted by reference to Fig. 2 that the connected uprights 17 17 are supported at their lower ends upon a transverse bar 22, and are spaced beyond the sides of the supporting frame by collars 23 and 24, and it will be also apparent, hereinafter, that the machine may be readily taken apart, if desired, for more convenient transportat'ion.

Bearing at its ends in the uprights 1'7 17 is a rotatable main shaft 25 upon which is mounted a winding-drum 26, said winding-drum being rotatable with the shaft and therefore fixed thereto, as for instance by key '27, and to provide for retarding rotation of the winding-drum, when required, there is a brake-wheel 28 formed integrally therewith over which passes a brake-band 29 fastened at one endto the collar 23 and at the other end to a crankshaft 3O mounted in the uprights 17 and provided with an :operating handle 31. Also mounted on the main shaft 25, but loosely, and adjoining the winding-drum is .a sleeve 32 held in place against slidable movement by a collar 33 fixed to said shaft, and this sleeve has formed at one end-next the windingdruman annular 'flange 32, while on the other end is fixed by pin 34 one member, .35, of a sliding clutch, said flange and clutchmember being spaced apart that the sleeve may receive certain parts hereinafter referred to. The clutch is for the purpose of connecting the sleeve rotatably to the shaft, and therefore there is .a slidab'le member 36 on the shaft cooperating with 'the aforesaid fixed member on the sleeve, the sliding member being connected for rotation with the shaft by a pin 37 projecting from the latter to work in .a longitudinal slot 38 in the reduced outer portion of said sliding member. This is an ordinary form of clutch with .intermeshing :teeth, preferably ratchetteeth as shown, whereby when said teeth are in engagement with each other the sleeve will be connected to the shaft to communicate the rotatable motion of said sleeve'to said shaft and winding-drum fixed thereon,

and in the present "instance 'motion is imparted to the sleeve through the med? um of the ratchet mechanism hereinafter described. The slidab'le member of the clutch is operated through the medium of a yoke 39 pivoted at its inner end to arm 40 (Fig. .6) supported by s-1 bracket-arm 41 :pro-' jecting from one of the uprights 17, said yoke having the usual studs 42 42 working in a circumferential groove 43 in the sl dable clutcl1member. The yoke is provided at its outer end with a handle 39 and it will be noted that the operating "handles for both the clutch and brake are conveniently located in proximity to each other to be within easy reach for simultaneous manipulation by the operator or attendant.

Mounted centrally on the sleeve 32 between flange 32 and clutch-member 35, and fixed to sald sleeve as by pin 44, is a large ratchet-wheel 45 by theoperation of which rotatable motion is imparted to the shaft when the clutch is engaged. To operate this ratchet-wheel there are loosely mounted on the sleeve to embrace said ratchet-wheel and project in opposite directions beyond the periphery thereof two yoke-arms 46 and 47, each having a pivoted pawl, 48 and 49 --respective' ly, engag ng the peripheral teeth of the ratchet-wheel, said pawls being actuated against the teeth by springs 50, 51.

'As will be noted (Figs. 4 and 5 thesepawls project in opposite directions whereby on the movement of the yoke-arms -'simultane =ously and correspondmg'ly 1n either horizontal direction one of said paw ls wi'll engage a tooth of the ratchet-wheel to rotate the latter while the other pawl will escape over the teeth and that this operation of the pawls will be reversed on movement of the yoke-arms in the other horizontal direction; in other words, when the yoke-arms are moved towards the front end of themachine the pawl carried by the downwardly projectingyoke-arm will engage to turn the ratchet wheel while the pawl carried by the upwardly project ngyokesarm escapes over the teeth, and when the yoke-arms-are moved in the opposite direction or towardsthe rear end of the machine the :upper pawl engages and the lower pawl rides over the teeth-thus the simultaneous oscillation of the yoke-arms transmits a continuous rotary motion to the ratchet-wheel. In the present instance simultaneous oscillation of the yoke arms in the same longitudinal d rection is imparted by means of a "bellcrank ilever 52, the vertical member of which is connected-by links 53 and 54 to said yokearms 46 and 47 respectively, and to provide for varying the strokes of the yoke-arms with respect to eachother and to the movement of the bell-crank lever the vertical member of the latter has a series of holes 55 .at its front edge with an adjoining series of holes 56 intermediate the others for a wider range of adjustment and for the con- :nection of .a pull-Jline as hereinafter explained, with an extra hole 55 (Fig. 4') located at the pivot-end of the bell-crank lever for connecting the link 54 extending-from the lower yoke-arm so that the latter will be held substantially stationary forthe purpose hereinafter explained. This bell-crank lever is pivoted in the supporting frame on .a transverse shaft 57, and in one instance is operated by the piston rod 58 of con-ventionaltype of donkey pump engine 59 1) and in another instance by the pullline 60 of a pumping-engine (not shown) located at a distance from the well. lhe connection of the piston rod to the outer end of the lower horizontal member of the bell crank lever is by means of a pin or bolt 58, and the connection of pull-line is by means of clip til which may be attached to the vertical member of the bellcrank lever at any desired distance from the pivot by reason of the vertical series of holes 56 and 55. hen the pull-line is employed to operate the bell-crank lever the latter is returned after each working stroke or pull of said pull-line by means of a weight 62 (dotted lines Fig. 1) connected to the upper end of said bell-crank lever by a cable 63 and clip 65, the cable being guided in any suitable manner, as for instance over a guidepulley 64 supported in the uprights 14; hereinbefore referred to.

One end of the main shaft 25 is squared, as at 25 to receive an ord'nary crank-handle (not shown) for the manual operation of the winding-drum, as for instance in replacing rods, tubes or other parts in the well.

As will be understood the purpose of the machine is to convert a reciprocating motion into a rotary motion primarily for ZIP-r plication to a drum upon which is wound a cable, whereby the drawing or pulling power of said cable may be utilized for drawing out sucker-rods, tubings, &c., from an oil well, and by reference to Fig. 4: it will be seen that the link connections be tween the bell-crank lever and yoke-arms are such that said yoke-arms move simultaneously in the same longitudinal d rection (in contradistinction to rotary direc tion) alternately back and forth to practically the same extent thereby imparting a continuous rotary motion to the ratchetwheel and to the winding-drum when the clutch is engaged, the range of movement of the yoke-arms, or either one, being determined according to the connection of the links 53 and 54 to the bell-crank lever. On the other hand should it be desired to impart an intermittent rotary motion to the ratchet-wheel and winding-drum the parts are arranged as shown in Fig. 5, wherein the link 53 is connected to the bell-crank lever so that the yokearm 46 and its pawl will provide the working stroke and link 54 is connected to the bell-crank lever at the pivot-end thereof, through the medium of hole 55, (Fig. 4), so that the yoke-arm 47 will remain practically stationary and the pawl carried thereby will act to prevent backward rotation of the ratchet-wheel as the other yokearm and its pawl move backward with respect to the rotation of said ratchet-wheel. This latter arrangementto provide an intermittent rotary motionis particularly applicable. when the bell-crank lever is operated by the oscillating motion of a pull-line in which the power of the engine is appued by pull, and to take up slack on the reverse stroke or motion of said pullline the weight and connect ng cable, hercinbefore described, are employed. However, the weight for taking up slack in the pull-line or returning the bell-crank lever after each working stroke may be sufficient to operate the ratchet-wheel in light work, in which instance the link connections could be arranged in like manner to that shown in Fig. at. Of course by providing the series of holes 55 and 56 in the bell-crank lever the connections of the links between said bell-crank lever and pawl carrying yoke-arms may be varied to impart a greater or less power to the ratchetwheel with respect to the power of the engine, for it is obvious that the length of movement of either link and connected yoke-arm with respect to the movement of the bell-crank lever is increased or diminished according to the distance from the pivot of said bellcrank lever the link is connected. The operation of the ratchet-wheel, either continuously or intermittently, rotates the sleeve 32 in one direction and as this sleeve is loose on the main shaft it is necessary to engage the clutch in order to turn the wind ing-drum which is fixed to said shaft, consequently the winding or pulling operation may be stopped at any time by simply disengaging the clutch in which event the ratchet-wheel and sleeve will rotate on the shaft and the said shaft with the windingdrum may be held stationary by operating the band-brake. In like manner the pulling line or cable 12 may be permitted to run out from the winding-drum by disengaging the clutch and thus allow said winding-drum to turn independently of the ratchet-wheel, and in this operation the backward movement of the winding-drum may be retarded to more or less extent dc sired by applying the band-brake; it being noted, as hereinbefore stated, that the handles of the clutch and brake are conveniently located for simultaneous operation by one man.

From the foregoing description of the construction and operation of my improved pulling machine it will be apparent that it provides a very convenient and powerful arrangement for work about an oil well, particularly for pulling sucker-rods. tubings and other parts from the well, utilizing in the present instance the service of the pumpengine, either the usual donkey pump-engine or the type of engine which operates a pull-line; in other words the machine is adapted for use with either type of engine. Furthermore, it will be noted that the speed of th hoisting cable with respect to the strokes of the donkey pump-engine or pullline may be readily varied or changed to the extent desired by simply adjusting the link connections between the bell-crank lever and paw-l carrying yoke-arms. Of course practically the same operation and adjustments may be accomplished even though minor changes may be made in the construction, arrangement and cooperation of parts constituting the machine, and I therefore desire it to be understood that the appended claims shall be interpreted to cover not only the exact machine herein shown and described but also any obvious modifications within. the scope of said claims.

I claim 1. A pulling machine comprising a supporting frame, av main shaft mounted therein, a drum fixed to the shaft and around which drum the hoisting and lowering cable is Wound, a sleeve loosely mounted on the shaftand carrying a CllltCl1-111G1TlbGF fixed thereto, a ratchet-wheel fixed to the sleeve to rotate therewith, yoke-members loosely mounted on the sleeve and projecting in opposite directions from each other, and spring-actuated pawls carried by the yoke members to engage the teeth of the ratchet- Wheel; together with a clutch member slid ably connected to the shaft to engage the aforesaid clutch-member on the sleeve for connecting said sleeve and shaft, and mean-s for oscillating the yoke-arms.

2. A pulling machine comprising a supporting-frame, a main shaft mounted there in, a drum fixed to the shaft and around which drum the hoisting and lowering cable is wound, a sleeve loosely mounted on the shaft and carrying a clutch-member fixed thereto, a ratchet-wheel fixed to the sleeve to rotate therewith, yoke members loosely mounted on the sleeve at opposite sides of arms respectively to one member of the bellcrank lever.

8. A pulling machine comprising a supporting-frame, a main shaft rotatably mounted therein, a drum fixed on'said shaft and around which drum the hoisting and lowering cable is wound, a sleeve loosely mounted on the shaft and having an annular flange at one end and a clutch-member fixed on the other end with a collar fixed to the shaft and confining the sleeve between the winding drum and said collar, a ratchet-- wheel fixed to the sleeve between the flange and clutch-member, yoke-arms loosely mounted on the sleeve to extend vertically in opposite directions and each carrying a spring-actuated pawl engaging the teeth of the ratchet-wheel, and a. slidable clutchmember rotatable with the shaft for engagement with the aforesaid clutch-member on the sleeve to rotatably connect the sleeve and shaft; together with a bell-crank lever pivoted at its angle in the supporting frame and having series of holes in the vertical member thereof, links connected at one end to the yokearms respectively and at the other vend to the vertical member of the bell-crank lever by means of the aforesaid vertical series-of holes, and. means connected to the bell-crank lever for operating the same from an engine.

FRANK H. HALL.

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