US150634A - Improvement in magazine-stoves - Google Patents

Description

TRUESDALE Magazine Stuves Patented May 5,1874.r

CHARLES TRUESDALE, OF CINCINNATI, OHIO.

IMPROVEMENT IN IVIAGAZINE-STOVES.l

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 150,634, dated May 5, 1874; application filed March 21, 1874.

To all whom it may concern:

Beit known that I, CHAnLEs TRUEsDALE,

'of Cincinnati, Hamilton county, Ohio, have invented a new and useful Magazine-Stove, of which the following is a specification:

f [lhis invention relates to that class of' magazinestoves which is designed more especially for consuming soft or bituminous coals; and the object of my improvement isto overcome one of the most serious and annoying objections to the use of such heating apparatus.

The defect alluded to is the heating of the magazine or receptacle that contains the coal, which latter soon becomes converted into coke, and expands and consolidates so much as to completely choke or clog up said magazine, and thereby render the'stove inoperative.

Attempts have been made to overcome this difficulty, bydrawing oftl the products of combustion at the top of the fire-pot and conduct-` ing them down to the base of the stove, and then allowing the smoke and unconsumed gases to escape into the exit-pipe.

This' arrangement, however, is even more objectionable than the heating of the magazine, for the following reasons: In the first place, it exactly reverses the natural tendency of heated gases to ascend, and the descent of the products of combustion from the top of the stove to its base cannot be maintained unless the draft is very strong, and, therefore, in damp and heavy weather, such stoves are liable to smoke. Moreover, such circuitous passages, when employed for discharge of the smoke from bituminous coal, are liable to become choked bythe deposition of soot. In the second place,1this down-draft of the products of combustion necessitates an' arrangement of the flues and jackets' or shells around the nre-pot, and consequently there can be no direct radia` tion from the highly-heated sides ofthe aforesaid re-pot.' j

It is therefore evident that if somje plan could be devised'to prevent heating the magazine, and atthe same time to overcome these objections to the down-draft, a soft-coal stove would beproduced that would soon become as popular as magazine-stoves for consuming hard coals. j v i My stove, which is the subject of this application,^is arranged in such a manner as to Vettectually `obviate all these difficulties; and I accomplish this desirable result by a peculiarlyconstructed flue, which carries 0E the products of combustion almost horizontally from the top of the firepot. This lue takes the shape ot'a hollow ring or annulus, that may be cast with the lire-pot, or in a single or inl two or more separate pieces, and is constructed in such a manner as to receive the products of combustion at or near the front of the stove, when the iire and smoke are divided into two currents that flow around within said flue to the discharge-pipe, the latter being, preferably, situated diametrically opposite the receiving openin g or openings of the annulus. The iiue is arranged upon the stove as near the top of the fire-pot as practicable,y and has the illuminating or mica section resting upon it, the receiving opening or openings of said liuc being situated in a horizontal plane but a slight distance below the lower or discharging end of the magazine or its protecting shoe. i By thus locating the ilue as near the top'of the tire-pot as practicable, the latter is exposed on all sides, and thereby becomes effective in radiating heat directly into the room inY which the stove is situated, which result cannot 'be accomplished when the fire-pot is surrounded by a jacket or shell, as is usually done.

Having thus brieily indicated the prominent features of my improvement, I will now proceedto give a detailed description ofthe same.

Figure lis an axial section of a magazinestove embodying my improvements, a portion of the hearth-plate being broken away and the poker-hole7 of the annular flue being shownV closed. Fig. 2 is a horizontal section through the stove at the line X X, the pokerhole of the flue being open. Fig. 3 is-another horizontal section at the line Y Y, and Fig. 4 is a section at the line Z Z.

j A represents the hearth or base plate Vof the Y stove, which is supported upon feet a, in the usual manner. Resting upon this base is the ash-pit B, surmounted with a ring, C, that supports "the fire-pot D, and also a perforated casting, E, which surrounds said iire -pot. The perforations or openings e in this casting may be of any desired ornamental shape or configuration, the object of said apertures being to allow the rays of heat to pass, with a-s little obstruction vas possible, from the firepot D directly into the room in which the stove is situated. This casting also serves as a screen to prevent anything coming in actual contact with the highly-hcatedvfire-L while, at the same time, its internal construetion is such as to present the least possible impediment to the passage of the products of combustion through it. Although this circular shape is preferred, yet said flue may be of any other approved form in its vertical section. The top of this due is composed of a flat or horizontal plate, I, that is about flush with the upper end of kthe lire-pot, and said plate projects inwardly, so as to it up snugly against the periphery of the member D of the stove. This plate is pierced with one or more slots or elongated openings, J J J which may be of any suitable size and shape, the object of said openings being to allow the entrance of the products of combustion into the iiue II. Lo-

, cated diametrically opposite the opening- J is the collar K, to which an ordinary smoke-pipe, L, is applied, the latter being furnished with a register, l, for regulating the draft of the stove. The Hue II is provided with a pokerhole, h, which can be exposed or concealed by properly shifting a perforated slide, M m, circumferentially of said flue. In order to allow the thorough stirring of the fuel in the firepot, the latter is notched or recessed at (I. This recess permits the insertion of the poker within the fire-pot after the sliding shutter or scutcheon M has been shifted, so as to bring its perforation m in line with the hole h of the flue. A bead, molding, or flange, fi, upon the exposed surface of plate I maintains in its proper position the illuminating section N, which may be furnished with mica or other transparent windows fn. Resting upon the aforesaid illuminating section is a ring, O, around whose upturned ange Q the jacket P is fitted, the latter being provided with one or more registers, p, wherewith to control the down-draft of the stove. Surmounting the jacket l? is the cap or top plate Q, to which is pivoted or hinged at r the lid It, which, when swung aside or elevated, allows the magazine S to be lled with coal. This magazine depends from the cap Q, occupies an axial position within the stove, and is preferably larger at bottom than at top, as shown in Fig. 1.

By thus increasing the area of the magazine in proportion as it is projected downwardly, there is less tendency of the fuel to choke or clog up within said receptacle than if the sides of the magazine were parallel or dared upward.

In order to form an air-passage and to prevent the lower portion of the magazine being burnedout by the intense heat generated in the lire-pot, said magazine is protected by a heavy casting, constituting a downwardly-converging or funnel-formed shoe, T, which is suspended from a suitable bearer, U. The bearer is a cylindrical casting, somewhat wider at top than at bottom, and it depends from a ange or from lugs that project inwardly from the ring O.

NVhen the various members S, T, and D are properly fitted within the stove, an. annular passage or channel, V, is formed between the lower portion of the magazine and the upper part of the shoe T, through which passage the draft-air flows in the direction indicated by the descending arrows.

By referring to Fig. l, it will be seen that the shoe T is somewhat less in diameter at bottom than at top, which construction isrprcferred, in order that, the delivery end of said shoe may be about equal in area to the discharging end of the magazine, so as to insure a uniform iow of fuel through these two meinbers of the stove, and so as to co-operate with the down ward and inward direction of theventage V in projecting the draft downward into the center of the fire-pot.

In constructing this heatingapparatus, care should be taken to avoid elevating the delivery end of shoe T too far above the top of firepot D; otherwise the fuel would have a tendency to How down from the magazine S into the openings J J J and thereby choke up the nue H, and the draft-air to escape over the rim of the lire-pot directly into the annular flue.

It is therefore evident that the location of the shoe may be varied according to the kind of coal that is to be consumed; .and when the stove is constructed especially for burning large lumps, two or three inches of space may intervene between the top of lire-pot D and the delivery end of said shoe.

When the stove is to be employed exclusively for burning slack coal or screenings, this intervening space may, in some cases, be reduced to half or three-quarters of an inch.

Wis a branch pipe, which affords a communication between the main smoke-pipe L and the illuminating-section N u. A damper, w, regulates the flow or completely cuts off the passage of the products of combustion through the branch pipe W.

The ring G may be cast permanently to the exterior of the fire-pot D, or form a separate casting, secured by rivets or bolts, and said ring may be made in two or more segments.

The operation of my stove is as follows: A sufcient quantity of kindlin g is first laid upon the grate F, and coal poured into the stove until the fire-pot D is about full, after which the register b and damper w are opened, and the registers Z1) closed. The fire is then started in the stove, the products of combustion escaping directly from. the pot D, through branch pipe W,into the chimney L, and as soon as the contents of said pot have become thoroughly ignited the magazine S is then charged with coal, the register b anddamper w closed, and the upper registers p opened. These manipulations exactly reverse the former actions of the stove, and the products of combustion, being no longer allowed to make a direct exit into the chimney L, are compelled to take the indirect course shown by the arrows in Figs. l and 3. By referring to these illustrations, it will be seen that the flame and smoke produced by the combustion of the fuel are first drawn into the openings J, to accomplish which they descend a distance of but one or two inches.

After entering these apertures the products of combustion flow around through the flue H in two distinct currents to the exit K, and thence up the smoke-pipe L, the regt ister Z of the latter being adjusted so as to regulate the draft ofthe stove.

As .the most active combustion occurs at the place where fresh coal from magazine S mingles with the incandescentfuel at top of pot D, and as this meeting-point is about on a level with the top of iiue H, it will be seen that the fire, smoke, and unconsumed gases are dispersed and drawn olf in a horizontal plane.' By thus drawing off the products of combustion about in the same horizontal plane with the one in which said products are generated, the fire and smoke are not compelled to take a down draft toward the ash-pitof the stove,

and I am thereby enabled to expose almost the entire surface of the pot D, the heat from which is radiated through the openings in the screen E directly into the room., This complete radiation of heat from the fire-pot cannot be obtained when said member of the stove is surrounded witha ue and shell,as is usually done, and as the hollow ringA also affords considerable radiating-surface, it will be seen that the heating capacity of my stove is considerably in excess of ordinary magazine-stoves.

It will be seen that the magazine S is at all times surrounded with cool airV that ows in through the registers p.

The discharging end of shoe T being about equal in area to the delivery end of magazine S, the flow of coal down through these two said flue takes place, as the further it is carried down the less the amount of radiating surface that can be exposed.

In the drawing but three openings, J J J, are shown, leadinginto theilue H; but a greater number can be employed, if preferred, and they may be circular, elliptical, or of any other suitable shape 5 or the central one, J, may be omitted, and the two side ones, J J f employed alone.

The'illuminating-section N n, instead of being supported upon the iiue H I, may rest on feet or brackets projecting from or attached to the pot D or other secure member of the stove. Whenever the shoe T becomes burnt out it can be readily removed and a new onesubstituted for it, to do which it is only necessary to lift out the magazines S and drop in a new shoe. A new bearer can be substituted for the one U in the same expeditious manner.

An inferior modification of my stove may be constructed by omitting the apertures J J J in plate I, and piercing the fire-pot D with suitable perforations, so as to allow the prod, uctsY of combustion to enter the ue H in a perfectly direct or horizontal manner. It is evident, however, that such an arrangement of perforations would conceal all the flames arising from the combustion of the fuel, and on this account the stove would have a very cheerless appearance, and the illuminating section N would be superiiuo'us.

I claim as my invention- In a magazinestove, the external iiue H, surrounding and contiguous to the upper niargin of the re-pot, havingone or more inlets, J, remote from the exit K, substantially at the level of said margin, as and for the purposes set forth.

In testimony of which invention I hereunto set my hand.

CHARLES TRUESDALE. Attest Gno. H. KNIGHT, J Aivrns H, LAYMAN.

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