US1503802A - Draft device for locomotives - Google Patents

Description

Y 1,503,802- J. E. QsM-gR DRAFT DEVICE Fon Locomo'rns Filed Feb. 28 1921A7 /w f-p www da/fz 652776Z Patented Aug, 5, lge.

JOHN E. osiunn, or owosso, MrcHrGAN, Assrornon or ONE-HALF To WILMAM F. .urna-LY, or owosso, MoHIenN.

DRAFT DEVECE LOCOMOTIVES.

Application mea February 2s, 192i. serial No. 448,445.

To all whom t may' concern.'

Be it known that I, JOHNE. Osuna, a citizen of the United States, residing at wosso, in the county of Shiawassee land Stateof Michigan, have invented certain new and useful 'Improvements in Draft De' maintenance under varying conditions of what is commonly known as a good,` free f steamingv locomotive boiler.7

More specifically stated, the invention has forV its'object the lprovision of means operable automatically, in the intervals occurring between the blasts of exhaust pressure in the operation of the locomotive, to effect the dischargeyduring such intervals, of supplemental blasts of pressure fluid coacting with the exhaust blasts to create a constant draft in the locomotive stack with 'the result that the lire in the fire box is maintained Vincandescent irrespective of the speedV of travel of the'locomotive.

1A' further object of the invention is to provide means "ofthe character stated which fis also' capable Ofmanual control.

The objects of' the Yinvention thus geir erally stated, together with other and ancillary advantages will be apparent as the description proceeds.

In the accompanying drawings, YFigure 1 is a side'elevation partially diagrammatic, of a'locomotive equipped with my invention. Fig. 2'is a fragmentary transverse sectional view on an enlarged scale through the smoke box of the locomotive. Fig. 3 is a fragmentary elevation vsection taken substantially in the'same` plane as Fi'g.' 2, but on an enlarged scale to show details of construction. 5

Referring Vfirst to Fig. 1, 7 designates `a locomotive, 8 thefireboxof the locomotive, and 9 one of the cylinders connected bij means of a dry pipe 10 withfthe boiler. At the forward end of theboiler' is the smoke box 11 having afstack'12.

13 (Fig. 2)" is an. exhaust nozzlerintoy the nozzle.

which exhaust steam or pressure is discharged from the cylinders 9'by way of exhaust passageslil. Said nozzle provides a continuation of said exhaust passages and discharges in turn into the stack 12. Preferably the exhaust nozzle is equipped with a valve member 16 ofthe general type disclosed in my copendmg application Serial No. 355,595, tiled February 2, 1920. rlhis -valve member comprises a central conical portion 17 having radially projectingwings 18 by means of which it is guided for up and'down movements in the nozzle. Such movements are effected by pressure fluid 'admitted from suitable source of pressure fluid supply, as'by way of a pipe 19 and passage 20, 21, and acting direct-ly upon the valveV member. This pressure is such that together with the exhaust pressure discharged" into the nozzle it lifts the valve member from ofl' its seat 22. VThe flow of pressure fluid to the valve 164 may be automatically controlled (in a manner not shown) Iso that when the locomotive throttle is open, pressure fluid is admitted to the valve to raise it, and a piston 23 acting in a chamber 2i in the valve member serves to prevent' sudden movements or a fluttering Yor crown 25 made at its lower end of a diameter somewhat greater than the diameter of the nozzle and restricted at its upper end to a diameter substantially equal to that of The exhaust valve 16 preferably is correspondingly shaped at its upper end, whereby the pressure discharging from the nozzle assumes the form of a ring which enters the stack 12V in such aY way as to fill it more completely than is possible in the case of a single central jet discharged into the stack. This intensities the draft'created in the stack by the exhaust'blas'ts.

lVhen a locomotive isv operating under a heavy load, as when working on an up grade, and when it is operating slowly as when it is being brought to rest, the intervals occurring between successive blasts of exhaust pressure from the cylinders to the stack are of suoli duration that an inrush of cold air to the nre box is permitted which seriously detracts from the etliciency of the locomotive. In order to prevent such inflow of cold Y sure fluid supply.

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air to the fire box, I have provided means automatically'operable during the intervals occurring between the blasts from the cylinders to effect the discharge of supplemental blasts of pressure fluid, complementing the exhaust blasts so that at all times the flow of pressure into the stack is maintained, thus overcoming the dilficulties heretofore experienced in this connection.

The means herein shown for accomplishing this object is a means for discharging pressure fluid into the stack which means is controlled automatically by the pressure in the exhaust passage or passages leading from the locomotive cylinder oi' cylinders, or manually; and preferably7 the pressure fluid is in the form of live steam conducted from the boiler to a jet discharging into the stack.V

Referring now to Figs. 2 and 3, 26 designates a chamber communicating with the exhaust passage, being formed on one side of the exhaust nozzle 13 by means of a castingv 27. 2S is a piston operating in said chamber and connected by means of a rod 29, a bell crank lever 30'and a rod 31 with a valve member 32 operable to control the flow of pressure fluid to jets 33 mounted in the noz- 1 zle crown 25.

The rod 29 is slidable at one end through the casting 2T, and at its other end moves through a bearing 34 secured upon the inner vvall of the smoke box 11,'which latter is provided with a stuffing box 35. The bell crank 30 may be pivoted iny a bracket 36 secured upon the outer side of the smoke box.

The valve member 32 carried by the upper end of the rod 31 is mounted within a valve casing 37 having suitable means 33 providing a tight `ioint around the valve rod 31. Said casing has an inlet opening 39 provided at its inner end with a seat 4() for the valve member' 32, and communicating by way of a pipe line 41 with a source of pres- I-Ierein such source of supply is the locomotive boiler 7 (Fig. l).

the pipe line extending rearwardly along the]Y exterior of the boiler and into the cab, where it is provided with a suitable manually opy erable valve 42, and is tapped into the boiler. The valve casing 37 (Fig. 3) also has an outlet opening 43 communicating by way of a pipe 44 with the jets 33. Thelatter as above indicated are carried by the crown 25 on the exhaust nozzle, which is cast to provide an annularY channel 45 with `which the pipe 44 communicates, said channel having one or more upwardly extending pipe sections each constituting aV `iet 33. A suitable `stuffing `,box 46 is'provided upon the inner wall of the smoke box around the pipe 44.

It will be observed that the valve mechanism and certain of the associated parts are located exteriorly of the smoke box. This construction is obviously advantageous since it permits of convenient access to the working parts for the purposesv ofrepairand the like. l/Vithin the nozzle 13 and above the chamber 26 there` may be ,provided a 'hood 47 projecting inwardly a short distance into the nozzle. to restrict the flow of exhaust pressure through the nozzle so that its effect upon the piston 28 is increased, and the same is true of the exhaust valve 16 in the nozzle.

For the purpose of enabling thev piston 28 to move with relative freedom VandV smoothness, while at theV same time prevent ing fluctuations thereof, I provide a suitable Vvent from the pistonchamber 26 to the exterior of the smoke box. Thus,'in'IligY 3, I have shown a duct 48 formed inthe piston rod 29, andopening at one end into the chamber 26 as at 49 and at its other end to theV atmosphere as at 50.

rIhe operationV ofV the device will, Vit is thought, be apparent. INiththe valve 42,

This hood it will be seen servesV in the pipe line 41 leading from the boiler Y open, the valve member 32 will inthe absence of sufficient pressure upon the piston 23 be forced into its open position.V A blast of live steam thus passes to the jet 33 and thence into the stack 12, I/Vhe-n, however, pressure within the exhaust nozzle increases,

as during Vthe-occurrence of the discharge of exhaust pressure from one of the cylinders, such pressure Vacting upon the piston 28 actuates the valve member 32 against the pressure of the live steam, the surface of V.the valve member being Vrelativelyv small,

whereby the Vflow of steam to the jet 33 is eut olf. Itwill thus be observed that when either cylinder is discharging into the exhaust nozzle the How of steam to the jet 33 is cut off; and during the intervals betweenl the blasts of exhaust pressure Vinto the nozzle, blasts .of Alive steam are discharged Y into the stack.V Thus, a substantiallyV constant flow` of pressure into the stack is effected so that aY constant draught isV maintained Yuponthe fire in the fireV box.Y Arf cordingly the fire in therre box will be maintained incandescent at Vall times,-that Y is to say, whether the locomotive istraveling at a relatively high rate of speed, is traveling very slowly under a heavy load,

or is atv rest,-the discharge-.of pressure fluid from theV jet 33 into the stack serving to supplement .or complement the'discharge Vthe flow of steam to the stack may be con-V Y and Y describedl Y the invention with considerableparticularity, and ywith. reference to one vembodiment only thereof, it will beunderstoodthat the invention is notV limitedfto the particular construction and-arrangement of parts employed, it being` contemplated that various changes maybe Vmade by those skilled-in the art without departingifrom the spirit and scope of thei'nventi'on as expressedin the appended claims. Ij desire to-particularly point out that the location oflthe controlling mechanism for the pressure -fluid actuated valve 32Ymay beweither within er without the smoke boxv as may beV desired.

` It should also be understood that the invention is not limited to any particular forni of exhaust nozzle since the actuating piston for the valve 32may obviously receive pressure from any point inthel exhaust-passage which may seemr desirable.

I claim as my invention:

Vl. In a locomotive, thecombination oi a cylinder, Yan exhaustpassage, a stack, `and Y pressure fluid discharge Vmeans adapted to complement the intermittentblastsA into the stack kfrom the locomotive cylinders to effect a substantially constant :discharge of. pressure `luidinto the stack irrespective of the v,speed of travel of the locomotive.

2. In a locomotive,thecombination with va cylinder having exhausttpassage,` astack,

and pressure fluid l"discharge means Vautomatically controlled to effect the .discharge of "lluid pressure into the `stack` when the cylinder is notdischargingthrough theexhaust passage into .the stack.

3. Ina locomotive, the combination of an exhau'stwpassage'for receiving the intermittent discharge of exhaust-pressure from the locomotive cylindersa stack, and means operative to discharge pressurelluid into the stack betweenvblasts :dischargingfrom .the exhaust passage into ythe stack, whereby to complement such exhaust blaststo produce a -constant flow of. pressure v"fluid to the stack.

4. Ina locomotive, thelcombination oan exhaust passage for receiving `the inte-rmittent discharge of exhaust pressureffrom the locomotive cylinders, a staclnand means operative ,to dischargefpressure lluid into the stack `betweenblasts dischargingifrom the exhaust passage into the stack, whereby to complement suchblasts to produce a con- Vstant flow of pressure luidto the stack, said means being controlled bythe pressure in the exhaust passage.

5. In a locomotive, thecombination of an exhaust passage for receiving theintermittent ldischarge of exhaust pressure from the locomotive cylinders, a stack, and means op- ;-erative to discharge supplemental blasts of pressure fluid into the stack between blasts `of exhaust pressure,- whereby to complement the exhaust blasts to produce a constant flow of `press-ureffluid to thestajck,said .-means comprising a val-ve actuating; member responsive to the pressure in the exhaust passage.

6;In a locomotive,fthe combination of an exhaust passage for receiving the intermittent discharges or blasts eff' exhaustpiiessure fromthe locomotivecylinder or cylinders,- a stack, and-means ycontrolled bythe pressureiin the exhaust passage to discharge pressure` fluid into the stack duringthe intervals -occurring between said `blasts, :said means comprising a conductor for pressure fluid, and'pressure-actuated valve means for controlling said conductor.

7. In a locomotive, the combination of an exhaust passage for receiving the 4intermittent discharge of exhaust pressure from the locomotive cylinders,- a stack, and means operative todischarge pressure fluid .into the stack f' between-exhaust blasts, whereby to produce aconstant Vllow of pressure fluidY to f the stack, said means comprising. a discharge nozzle or jet' located below the stack,` aconductor communicating. at one end withf said jet and at its rother=end with a source of pressure'luid supply, valve -means for controlling/said conductor,-` anda piston for actuating said valvenneans. subjectto the varying-degrees of pressure inthe; exhaust passage.

' 8. Inra locomotiva;the-combinationota cylinder, an exhaust `passage:leading from the cylinder, a nozzleproviding avcontinua- -v tion of said. passage, astack, .means7automatically operable to discharge pressure f fluid4 into the stack during the intervals occurring between discharges from the cylinder, said means `including amember respon- `sive to thepressure in.' theexhaust passage, and means for restricting the Aflow of exhaust -pressure through the passage.

9. Ina locomotive, the-combination of. a cylinder,,an .exhaust passage, arstack, and means'for` discharging into the.` stackblasts of .pressure luidduring:the intervals-.ec- -curring .between blasts romthecylinder, :said means comprising a conductor communicatinglwith a source `or :pressure Huid supply, f valvev means` manually operable to controlthefiiow opressure Huid through '.said conductor, and valve means automatically operable by the pressure .in the exhaust passage lO In ya flocomotive,` the combinationof a cylinder, an.' exhaust passage,I a stack, .and lmeans 'for discharging into the stack blasts of-pressure fluid during the intervals` occurringbetween blasts 'fromthe cylinder, `a conductor. con'imunicating with a source .'oflivesteam supply ,and extending to the locomotive ,-cab, valve `means in the cab whereby the flow. of steam throughr the conductor -may be manually controlled, and

valve means operable by the pressure in the exhaust passage to cut oif automatically the flow of steam'through they conductor.

11. In a locomotive, an exhaust nozzle providing a passage for pressure fluidintermittently discharged from the locomotive cylinders, a chamber communicating with said passage, a piston in said'chamber, means for discharging blasts of pressure fluid during the intervals occurring between the blasts from the cylinders, and a valve for controlling the discharge of pressure fluid operatively connected with said piston.

12. In a locomotive, an exhaust nozzle providing a passage for pressure fluid inter.- mittently discharged from the locomotive cylinders, 'a chamber communicating vwith said passage, a piston in said chamber, means for discharging blasts of pressure fluid during the intervals occurring between the blasts from the cylinders, a valve for controlling the discharge of pressure fluid operatively' connected with said piston, and a passage of restricted cross-sectional area establishing communication between said y chamber and the atmosphere.

13. In a locomotive, Va-smoke box, an exhaust nozzle in said smoke box vproviding a passage for pressure fluid intermittently discharged from the locomotive cylinders, a chamber at one side of said nozzle communicating with said passage, a piston in said chamber, means for discharging blasts of pressure uid during the intervals voccurring between the blasts from the cylinders, said means comprising a conductor communicating with a source of pressureV fluid supply, valve means located externally of the smoke box for Vcontrolling said con ductor, and an operative connection between said piston and said valve means. i

14. In a locomotive, the combination of an exhaust nozzle providing a passage for the discharge of exhaust pressure from the locomotive cylinder or cylinders, valve means for said passage operable automatically to permit the discharge of exhaust pressure from the passage but tending to restrict the passage, means for discharging pressure fluid during the intervals occurring between discharges from said passage, said means being automatically controlled by the pressure VVin the exhaust passage and includinga pressure responsive means communicating with said passage belowsaid valve means.

15. In a locomotive wherein blasts of exhaust pressure are intermittently dischargedl fromv aV cylinder o-r cylinders into a stack, the combination of means controlled by such Yintermittent blastsY to effect the' discharge Vof supplemental blasts of pressure fluid into thestack` whereby t-o produce aV Vconstant draft in the stack, said means being adapt` ed normally to permit the discharge of pres-V sure fluid and to cut oli" the disch-arge of such pressure fluid during the blasts of ex-Y haust pressure from the cylinder or cylinders into the stack.

16. Ina locomotive, a smoke box, a stacl, a. nozzle intermittently discharging the eX- haust steam into `the stack, alive steam 'jetV discharging into the stack, and a valve controlled by the pressure in saidnozzle to effect the discharge ofsupp-lemental blasts of boiler, valve means manually operable from Y the locomotive cafb to open and close said pipe, Yand a valve controlled by the pressure in said nczzle'operable when the rst valve is open to effect the discharge of live steam the discharge of exhaust steam.

18. A draft regulating device for locomotives, comprisingV in combination with Ya stack and an exhaust passage discharging exhaust steam into the stack, of .a jet also arranged to discharge into the stack Vand connected with the'locomotivey boiler, a valve for controlling the flow of steam from the boiler to said jet, and means automatically opening and closing Ysaid valve in accordance. with the pressure in the exhaust passage, said means comprising a pressure-responsive member operatively connected with said valve whereby when exhaust occurs said valve is moved to close said pipe and in the intervals between exhausts vsaid valve is moved to open position. Y

19. A- draft device for'locomotives, comprising a pressure-responsive member arf ranged so as to lbe subject to pressure within ,-the exhaust passage, a means connected with a; source of Afluid under pressure and. adapted to Vdischarge Vsuch fluid int-o the locomotive stack, and valve means actuated by said pressure-'responsive member whereby to control the flow of such fluid under pressure to the stack. 'i

20. A draft device for locomotives, com# prising a Vpressure-responsive memberY arranged so as to be subject to pressure within the exhaust passage, a means connected with a source of fluid under pressureV and adapted to discharge such fluid'into the loeo- Y ythrough said jets in the` intervals between i Y ica motive stack, and Yvalve :means actuated by said pressure-responsive member whereby when exhaust foccurs the' .flow of the fluid under pressure stack. Y

In testimony whereof, I have'hereunto set my hand. J E. OSMER.

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