US1503528A - Local anesthesis outfit - Google Patents

Description

Aug. 5. 1924. 1,503,528

F. J. FABRET LOCAL ANIESTHES IS OUTFIT Filed June 20, 1922 6 Sheets-Sheet l INVENTUPI Z'dnfidllf ZJ ZZZJMf b KIM AT TOP, NEY

Aug. 5, 1924. 1,503,528

F. J. FABRET LOCAL AN ESTHES IS OUTFIT Filed June 20 1922 6 Sheets-Sheet 2 INVENTUH I722 91 p013 Z ZZZrzf ATTUHNEY Aug. 5, 1924.

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F. J. FABRET LOCAL AN/ESTHESIS OUTFIT Filed June 20, 1922 6 Sheets-Sheet 4 w liar/ 4114 .!.llln aluliilllol I! i II t Ill) nvvmm: Zanyo/x p172 ZZZMf m 76/ W ATTUFWVB Aug. 5. 1924.

1,503,528 F. J. FABRET LOCAL AN AESTHESIS OUTFIT Filed June 20, 1922 6 Sheets-Sheet 5 INVENTU 1= 471277 01 :70:(6 ZZZZref ATTUHNEY Aug. 5, 1924; 1,503,528

F. J. FABRET LOCAL AN/ESTHESIS OUTFIT Filed June 20, 92? 6 Sheets-Sheet 6 ATTEIHNEY Patented Aug. 5, 1924.

PATENT OFFICE.

FRANCOIS JOSEPH FABRET, F NICE, FRANCE.

Loon. anms'rnnsrs ovrrrr.

Application filed June 20, 1922. Serial No. 569,742.

To a]! whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, FimNqois Josnru l .\nnn'r, citizen of the Republic of France, and resident of Nice, France (post-oflice address 6 Avenue de Verdun), have invented a new and useful Local Anaesthesis Outfit. which Improvements are fully set forth In the following specification.

This invention relates to an apparatus for producing local anaesthesia by first. slowlypresent improvemel-its is illustrated in the accompanying drawings, in whichi Figure 1 is a front view of a cabinet type of apparatus.

Fig. 2 is a part-sectional view, one greatly enlarged scale, of a heat-exchanger comprised in the apparatus.

Figs. 3 and 4 are longitudinal and transverse-sections of Fig. 2 taken on the lines 1\B and (.ll), respectively. Figs. 5 and 6 are front views of two modifications of Fig. 1.

Fig. 7 is an enlarged part scctional detail of Fig. 6, showing the portion thereof included between the lines (1-?) and c(Z.

Referring to Fig. 1, the apparatustherein shownxcomprises a cabinet 1 of suitable size and shape, preferably, though not necessarily, provided with casters 2 and containing within it shelves or holders 3 for supporting an oxygen tank 4 and a carbonic acid tank 5. A storage battery 6 is also mounted in the upper portion of the cabinet for supplying current to a small electric resistance, hereinafter more fully described, which is utilized for heating the.-

oxygen supplied to the blow-pipe 12, though obviously the heating action may be effected in some other way. i

()n the top of the cabinet is mounted a vertical bracket or standard 7 to which is attached a horizontal telescopic arm 8 ter- Such process is disclosed in:

- minating at its free end in a swivel 9 from which a vertical rod or arm 10 is suspended,

said rod carrying the heat-exchanging device 11.. '.lhe latter has attached to it at one end a tube 11', which may be either flexible or rigid and which carries the blowpipe .12, and atthe other end a flexible cable 13 fitted at its opposite end in a sleeve or ring 14 fastened in an opening in the cabinet top; said cable enclosing the conducting wires 15 leading from the battery 6, as well as the supply pipes or tubes 16 and 17 leading from the oxygen and carbonic acid tanks 4 and 5, respectively, and the passage of the current through the conductors being controlled by a switch 15' .on the cabinet top. A pressure regulator 19 is' preferably connected to the oxygen supply pipe 16 and is equipped with a linger-piece or handle 18 for setting it; and check valves 20 and 21 are attached to said pip and to the pipe 17, respectively, for controlling the passage of the oxygen and carbonic acid theretln'ough. Hence, it will be apparentthat the supply of the oxygen and carbonic acid to the blow-pipe can be easilyregulated at will, and that the blowpipe itself, due to its connection to the flexible cable 13, can be readily directed against the part to be anaesthetized.

The heat-exchanger 11 above referred to is clearly shown in Figs. 2, 3 and et; and astherein represented, it comprisesan outer shell containing an axial tubular chamber 40 terminating at its opposite ends in a pair of sleeve-like members and 30 which are in threaded engagement therewith and projectoutward through openings in the shell ends, the space between the chamber and the wall of the shell being filled with insulating material 6 to prevent losses of heat. by radiation. The conductors 15, which are twisted together in the usual way, and the oxygen sup )ly pipe 16 pass through the sleeve or nipple 30 into and through the axial chamber 40and thence through the other sleeve or nipple 30 and the pipe 16 is coiled upon itself, as shown to provide a spiral 22 within said chamber.

Theblow-pipe 12, as previously stated, is carried by the tube 11, which latter has its front'end' attached to the end of the tubular body of the blow-pipe and its rear end attached to the sleeve 30 A tubular member 25'is disposed within the front portion of the blow-pipe body and provides a heating said plug also carrying an insulated screw or binding post 30 to which one of the conductors 15 is attached, the other conductor being attached in some suitable manner to the plug itself. An electric resistance 24 is arranged within the chamber 25, its term1- nals being suitably connected to the screw 30' and the plug 29' so that when the battery circuit is closed through switch 15' the res1stance'24 will be heated and, in turn,

will heat the contents of the chamber. An

outlet passage 31 is provided at the front end of the tubular member or chamber 25 and is continued through an extension or finger 31 on said chamber end, and to this extension there is connected by means of a ball-and-socket joint 3232 the nozzle 33 of the blow-pipe, the bore of said nozzle opening through the ball member 32 of the joint as indicated in dotted lines in Fig.

The pipe '17 for supplying the carbonlc acid leads from the cable 13 into the interior of the heat-exchanger 11 through a short flexible branch pipe or tube 27, the bore of which is continued axially into the casing of a regulating valve 28 wherein it is expanded, as shown in Fig.4, to provide a seat for the valve end. The valve casing passes through the casing or chamber. l0 at right angles to the axis of the latter; and from said casing the pipe 17 which, as will be understood, is made in two sections for that purpose, leads outwardly and forwardly through the sleeve 30 and tube 11 into the body of the blow-pipe where it is coiled around the oxygen supply pipe 16, as indicated at 17, and terminates in an open end 23 comparatively close to the plug 29. A manometer, shown at c in Fig. 5, is connected to the heat-exchanger at 34' and communicates by way of a by-pass a with the carbonic acid supply pipe, so that it is thus possible to determine at any time whether any liquid carbonic acid is still contained in the tank 5.

As previously explained, in order to anresthetize the tissues to be operated on, the

temperature of a given operating region must first be slowly and graduallyreduced. For this purpose, the oxygen tank is opened and oxygen is admitted into the pipe 16, its

pressure being controlled'by manipulating the finger-piece 18 of the regulator 19. The switch 15' is operated to close the circuit in which the resistance 24 is included, and the latter thus acts to heat the oxygen flowing through pipe 16 into. the chamber 25 wherein the resistance is located, the heated oxygen fiowing through said chamber into and through the nozzle 33. When the temperature of the oxygen has been raised to such a .point as will cause no disagreeable sensation through the coil 17 discharging through the open end 23 of the pipe into the body of the blow-pipe, whence it flows back through tube 11' into chamber 40 since it cannot pass through plug 29 into the heating chamber. During this backward movement of the acid, it vaporizes and expands and, in so doing, cools the oxygen current flowing through pipe 16; and on entering chamber 10, it completes its expansion, further cooling the oxygen and finally escaping to the atmosphere through sleeve 30 and cable 13. The location of the coil 22 within the chamber 40 ensures the oxygen passing therethrough being subjected to the refrigerating action of the acid for a considerable period of time.

The second part of the process consists in re-establishing the circulation of the anaesthetized tissues and restoring it to normal after the operation has been completed; this action being effected by reversing the pre vious treatment-that is to say, by gradually re -heating the oxygen by means of the electric resistance.

In the form of apparatus represented in Fig. 5, a standard 31 is employed, which may or may not be mounted on casters and which may be utilized to support two or more oxygen tanks 4; although the oxygen may, if preferred, besupplied from a tank or tanks supported in any other desired manner. In any event, the oxygen output is controlled by a suitable regulating device 19, and passes therefrom into a valve-equipped tube 36 which conducts it to the supply pipe 16. This pipe 16 is disposed within the standard or upright 31 which is hollow, as shown; and it emerges through the open lower end of the standard and enters the cable 13 which, as in the first form, is connected to the heat-exchanger 11, the latter having connected to it the tube 11' and blow-pipe 12. The conductors 15 enter the cable 13 at the same point as the pipe 16, as shown.

The tank 5 containing the carbonic acid or other refrigerant is pivotally mounted in inverted position between the arms of a fork 31 as indicated at 32 said fork having its base adjustably connected at 36 to the top of the standard, so that it may be raised or lowered to a certain extent. The gaseous refrigerant enters the heat-exchanger 11 at 33 and escapes to the atmosphere through the open lower end of the cable 13; the manometer a being attached to the said heatexplhanger by the connection 34' (Figs. 2 an 4 In the further modification or development illustrated in Figs. 6 and 7, the hollow supporting standard or upright 7' is supported in the same manner as the standard 31 in Fi 5, and carries at its upper end a horizonta telescopic arm 8 similar to the corresponding part in Fig. 1 and having the heat-exchanger 11 suspended from it. Standard 7 is preferably made in two sections which have an adjustable joint or connection 36, similar to the correspondinglynumbered part in Fi 5, for the varying the height 0 the standar n this form of the invention, however, two or more inverted carbonic acid tanks 5 are utilized, and are attached to the standard 7 in inverted position by means of suitable fastening devices 34. These tanks 5 are connected at their lower ends by a tube or pipe from which leads a sup ly pipe individual to each tank, said supp dy pipes extending through the hollow stan ard 7 and one of them also leading into and through the cable 13.

The oxygen supply pipe 16, in this construction, instead of being connected to a tank or tanks carried by the standard, is connected to a source of supply (not shown) which is entirely independent of said standard and may be located in any dwired position in the operating room. Referring to Fig. 7, it will be observed that this ipe includes branches arranged in ascen ing and descending relation in standard 7'; the ascending branch, which isthe'right-hand one, leading to the ex ander 37 while the descending branch lea s downwardly from said expander, enters the lower end of the cable 13 and passes through said cable to the heat-exchanger 11. Two refrigerant supply pipes, indicated at 17 and 17 2 in Fig. 7, are shown, the right-hand pipe 17 leadin through the standard to the manometer which is attached to the expander and which serves merely to give the pressure ofthe gas, while the left-hand pipe 17 enters the lower end of the cable 13 and passes therethrough parallel with the conductors 15 and the second ascending branch of the oxygen,

supply pipe; the said pipe 17 leading into the heat-exchanger, 'as before. The other manometer M shown in Fig. 6 gives the pressure in the expander itself.

It is to be understood that the invention is not limited to the precise structural details above described but, on the contrary, is clearly susceptible of modifications and changes within its scope as hereinafter claimed. Changes may also be made in the two operating fluids orgases used; for example, air or other inert gas may replace the pur ose of d. 1

oxygen, and other agents capable of efiecting a refrigerating action by expansion and vaporization-such as ethyl chlorid or connected to the outer end of the delivery tube, both said supply pipes leading through said tube and discharging into separate portions of the blow-pipe.

2. Apparatus for producing local anaesthesia, comprising a refrigerant tank; a heat-exchanger; an inert gas supply pipe leading to the heat-exchanger; a refrigerant supply )ipe leading from said tank to said heat-exc anger in juxtaposition to the gassupplying pipe; a flexible cable wherein both supply pipes are disposed connected to the heat-exchanger; a delivery tube leading from the heat-exchan er; a blow-pipe connected to the outer en of the delivery tube, both said supply pipes leading through'said tube and discharging into separate portions of the blow-pipe; and a heating device disposed in the portion of the blow-pipe wherein the gas is discharged.

3. An apparatus according to claim 2, in which the heater comprises an electric resistance, the terminals of which are connected to conductors which lead through the flexible cable and heat-exchanger into and through the delivery tube.

4. pparatus for producing local anaesthesia, comprising a blow-pipe; a heat-exchanger; a support from which the heatexchanger is suspended; and separate pipes extending to said heat-exchanger in juxtaposition to each other and leading therefrom to said blow-pipe for supplying to the latter an inert gas and avaporizable and expansiblerefrigerant for cooling said gas.

5. Apparatus for producing local anaesthesia, comprising a blow-pipe; a heat-exchanger having an axial chamber; a pipe for supplying an inert gas to the blow-pipe connected to the latter and passing through said chamber; and a separate pipe for supplying a vaporizable and expansible refrigerant to said blow-pipe, the last-named pipe entering into said chamber and leading from the same to the blow-pipe in'juxtaposition to the first-named pipe and having a portion coiled around said first-named P p 6. Apparatus for producing local anaesthesia, comprising a blowipea heat-exchanger having an axial 0 am er; a pipe for supplying an inert gas to the blow-pipe connected to the latter and passing through said chamber; a separate pipe for supplying a vaporizable and expansible refrigerant to said blow-pipe, the last-named pipe entering into said chamber and leading from the same in juxtaposition to the firstnamed pipe, and' one of, said pipes having a portion thereof coiled around the other pipe; and a valve device carried b said heat-exchanger and connected .to t e refrigerant pipe within said chamber for regulating the -flow of refrigerant to the blow-pipe.

7. Apparatus for producing local anaesthesia, comprising a blow-pipe; a heat-exchanger having an axial chamber; a pipe for supplying. an inert gas to the blow-pipe connected to the latter and passing through said chamber; a separate pipe for sup-plying a vaporizable and expansible refrigerant to said blow-pipe, the last-named pipe entering into said chamber and leading from the same in juxtaposition to the firstnamed pipe. and one of said pipes having a portion thereof coiled around the other pipe; and a filling of insulating material within the heat-exchanger and enclosing said chamber.

named pipe, and one of said pipes having a portion thereof coiled around the other pipe; a valve device carried by the heat-exchanger and connected to the refrigerant pipe within said chamber for regulating the flow of refrigerant to the blow-pipe; and a filling of insulating material within the" heat-exchanger and enclosing said chamber. In testimony whereof I have signed this specification in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

FRANQO'IS JOSEPH FABRET. \Vitnesses: Y EUGENE FnIsBIE, VINCENT GURDY.

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