US1502574A - Adjustable reamer - Google Patents

Description

July 2z 1924.

O. KYLlN ADJUSTABLE R" EAMER Filed Jan.

IN! LAI/0R.

ATTORNEY,

Patented July 22, 1924.

om XYLIN, 01' ELXHABT, INDIANA.

Application med January 8, 1921. Serial No. 435MB.A

To all 'whom tmay concern.' Be it known that I, Osxan Kirnnga citizen of the United States, residin at Elkhart, in the county of Elkhart an State of e Indiana, have invented certain new and useful lmprovements in Adjustable Beamers, of which the following is a specification. A This invention relates to adjustable reamers, andhas reference more particularly to adjustable reamers of the type designed and adapted to line-ream wrist pin holes in pistons, but adapted to be use with equal advantage for reaming any'kind of a hole.

-4 e main objects of the invention are, to provide an im roved reamer of thetylie specied wherein the blades shall be capab e of a micrometer adjustment, so as.to eiect very line gradations in thelinished size of the hole and consequent erfect fitting of the wrist pin or other ho e e member, to provide an improved reamer of such character that the blades can be expanded and contracted either before or after the reamer has been applied to the' hole bymerely turning a knurled graduated adjustment member on one end of the reamer, to provide an improved reamer wherein the blades are securely held in adjusted position during the reaming o ration, to provide an improved reamer w erein the blades can be expanded as the work of reaming proceeds and theamount of expansion be read ofi` directly on a micrometer scale, and, to provide a reamer wherein maximum an minimum stops are provided to limit, in both directions, the amount of adjustment of the blades, thus preventing breakage of the reamer through misuse.

A further important object. of the invention is to provide a reamer construction wherein the radially. adjustable blades. shall .be supported by the blade adjusting means both at the ends and at 'an intermediate point of their inner edges, thus making practical the' use of lo r blades than are usually employed in too of this character.

Other objects and attendant advantages of the invention will be apparent to those skilled inthe art as the -same becomes better understood by reference tothe following detailed description, taken in connection with the accompanying in which I have illustrated one practical and .reamer body is a s"4 approved embodiment of the invention and in which- Fig. 1 is a side elevation of the complete reamer;

Fig. 2 is a longitudinal axial section of the same; and

Figs. 3, 4 and 5 are cross-sectional details taken on line 3 3, 4-4 and 5-5, re-

Spectively, of Fig. 2. Referring to the drawings- 6 designates'as an entirety the body ofthe reamer, which is formed with a longitudinal axial bore extending entirely therethrough, and in the instance "shown, with four equally spaced radial slots 7 occupylng the intermediate portion of the body.

Fitted to these slots are reamer blades 8,

each of which is formed on the central' and end portions of its inner edge with cam inclines 9, and betweenthe central and end inclines with concave portions 10.

Slidably fitted in the axial bore of the e having substantially the formation illustrated in Fig. 2, and comprising a threaded end portion 11, an enlarged portion 12 having atits ends annular abutment shoulders 13 and 14, and slidably iitting an enlarged portion 15 of the bore, and along cylindrical portion 16 slidabl fitting the main portion of the bore, an on whlch are formed three like conical c ortions 17 which engage. with the inc lying between the en and intermediate conical cam portions 17 are supported in bridges 18 formed in the body; room for said bridges being aiorded by the intermediate concave edge portions 10 of the blades, as clearly shown in Fig. 2.

The two ends of each blade are formed with angular cam seats 19 and 20, the former of which .engages with a correspondingly inclined end wall of the slot 7, while the latter is engaged by the inner inclined or camend 21' of a collar 21 that is slidably mounted on the reduced and portion of the body, and is yieldably held pressed against the cam seats 20 of the blades by a spiral spring 22 encircling the body behind the'collar 21 and itself confined by ank adjustable abutment nut 23 screwed on to the extreme end of the body. It will thug or cam surfaces 9 of the inner edges' d of the blades. The (portions o the spindle be seen that the tendency of the spring pressed collar 21 is to force the blades vinwardly when the spindle is retracted through the cooperative action of the cam seats or inclines at the ends of the'blades and of the collar 21. and slot walls, and also, when reaming, to move the blades endwise up the cams 17 of the spindle, thus expanding them, as more fully hereinafter explained. Adjacent to the other end` of the reamer body there is formed on the latter a squared enlargement 24 forming a grip for a Wrench, and just beyond the latter is a tubular extension 25 constituting anJ end portion of the reamer body and externally threaded to receive a sleeve 26, the outer end of which latter is beveled and receives micrometer scale graduations indicated at 27 in Fig. 1.

Rotatably mounted within the sleeve 26 is a long nut 28 having a knurled surface 29 and also an annular micrometer scale 30 co-operating with the scale 27. The nut 28 may also be formed with a transverse hole 31 if desired to receive a cross-pin for turning the same. The nut 28 is engaged with the threaded end 11 of the spindle andv constitutes the immediate agent for effecting longitudinal movements of the spindle and the consequent adjustmentsv of the reamer blades. The nut is conned against endwise movement by means of an annular shoulder 32 on its inner end which is confined between the outer end of the tubular extension 25 of the body and an annular shoulder 33 formed in the bore of the sleeve 26, which latter, it will be remembered, is

rigidly connected to the reamer body. The

inner end of the nut 28 forms a stop which, through engagement with the shoulder 13 of the enlargement 12 of the spindle, limits vthe outward movement of the latter and consequentl the inward adjustment of the reamer bla es; and the inner end wall of the chamber 15, in which the member 12 slides, constitutes a stop that co-operates with the inner end or vshoulder 14 of the member 12 to limit the inward movement of the spindle and consequently the outward adjustment of the reamer blades. It is thus impossible to adjust the blades to an extreme position which might involve their breakage through misuse. The spindle is held against rotation by means of a radial pin or stud 34 mounted in the squared portion 24 of the body and at its inner end engaged with a groove 35 in the enlarged portion 12 of the spindle, as clearly shown in Figs. 3 and 4. The mode of operation and manner of adjusting the reamer is probably clear from the foregoing description of its structural features, but may be briefly outlined as follows.

With the parts as shown in Fig. 2, the

reamer blades are adjusted to nearly the limit of their inward position. The reamer in this condition of adjustment may be set in an Aundersized holeY and then byturning the knurled nut 28, the spindle is forced inwardly, during which operation the cones 17 actin upon vthe cam surfaces 9 of the inner e ges of the blades force the latter outwardly against the resistance of the spring pressed collar 21. As the reaming progresses, the nut 28 may be further turned Vup from time to time until exactly the desired diameter of the hole, as shown by the micrometer gage has been attained. By back-turning the nut 28 the spring pressed collar 21 re-acts upon the blades to reduce the cutting diameter of the tool, facilitating its ready withdrawal from the hole.

Another advantage of the described reamer is that it is self-expanding during the reaming operation. When a hole is to be reamed, 'the spindle is retracted by turning the nut 28 until the blades are contracted below the diameter of the hole to be reamed. The reamer is then inserted into the hole and the adjusting nut 28 turned in the reverse direction to the size to which it is desired to ream the hole, as shown by the scale graduations 27 and 30. This causes a forward movement of the spindle which, in turn, causes the blades to expand into contact with the wall of the hole and then to move endwise in the forward direction, producing a clearance between the rear ends of the blades and their cam abutments on the body 6, the spring 22 being at the same time compressed. As the reamlng progresse the spring 22pm-operating with the cam 1 of the spindle automatically feeds the blades outwardly or expands them; thus making the tool self-adjusting within the ordinary limits of the reaming required. If the hole requires to be reamed to a still larger diameter, the adjusting nut 28 is further turnedl up from time to time until the maximum diameter desired is reached, as already described. Y

It is'believed thatthe operative principle and structural features of my invention will be readily apparent to persons familiar with tools of this character without further detail description. Manifestly, the structural details herein shown and described may be considerably modified and varied withouty involving any departure from the invention itself or sacrilicing any of its advantages; and hence I reserve all such variations and modifications as fall Within the spirit and purview ofthe appended claims.

I claim:

1. In an adjustable reamer, the combination of a body having a central bore, and a plurality of longitudinal blade slots, a plurality of outwardly and inwardly movable blades formed with cam seats on their ends and cam surfaces on their inner edges, a longitudinally movable spindle mounted in said central bore having a plurality of cams engaging the cam surfaces on said blades, a collar sleeved on said body formed with an internally beveled end facing said spindle cams and clampingly engaging one end of said blades, fixed cams on said body engaged with the other end of said blades, and a spring backing said collar and adapted to be compressed by the longitudinal movement of said spindle and blades in the same direction after the reamer has been inserted in a hole and its blades expanded into oontact with the wall of the latter, said spring and spindle operating to feed said blades outwardly when reaming after said spring has been thus compressed.

2. In an adjustable reamer, the combination of a body having a central bore and a plurality of longitudinal blade slots, a pluralityv of outwardly and inwardly movable blades, a spindle mounted invsaid bore and adapted, by a longitudinal movement, to move said blades outwardly, said spindle having a threaded end, spring-pressed means normally urging said blades inwardly, a sleeve secured to and projecting beyond one end of said body and formed with an internal abutment shoulder, and an adjusting nut on the threaded end of said spindle and rotatably mounted in said sleeve, said nut having an annular stop member conined between the end of said body and the internal abutment member of said sleeve.

OSKAR KYLIN.

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