US1502375A

US1502375A - Casing perforator

Info

Publication number: US1502375A
Application number: US618918A
Authority: US
Inventors: Roland R Crum
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1923-02-14
Filing date: 1923-02-14
Publication date: 1924-07-22
Anticipated expiration: 1941-07-22

Description

R. R. CHUM CASING PERFORATOR Filed Feb. 14. 1923 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 Jiuv 22. 1924.

R. R. CRUM CASING PERFORATOR Filed Feb. 14 1923 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 1...., ...w..w a@

, MMM/ Patented july 22, i924.

.fil

CASING PERFORATOE Application tiled February 11.1., 1923. Serial No. 618,919.

ToalZ/wham. z't'may concern:

Beit known that i, RoLAND R. CHUM, a citizen of the United States, residing at Whittier, in the county of Los Angeles and State of California, have invented a new and useful Casing Perforator, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to aperforating device such as used in oil well ractice to perforate a casing.4 In the dri ling ofvan oil well it is often necessary to perforate an inner casing and an outer casmg, As the walls of these casings are frequently separated by a considerable space this operation is diiiicult to perform. The (general object of this inventlon is to provi e' a practical and simple tool for this urpose which will operate effectively to per orate both casin s, and which is constructed to withstand t e heavy thrusts and strains to which it is subjected in lforcing the perforating tool through the walls of both casings; also to provide improved means for facilitating the positioning and anchoring of the perforating device at the point desired, and to provide a construction which will insure easy control and operation of the tool and the anchoring mechanism.

Further objects of the invention will appear hereinafter.

The invention consists in the novel parts and combination of parts to be described hereinafter. all of which contribute to produce an 'efficient casing perforator.

A preferred embodiment of the invention is described in the following specification whilev the broad scope of the invention is pointed out in the appended claims.

In the drawing:

Figure 1 is a side elevation of a perforator embodying my invention,

Fig. 2 is a longitudinal section through the perforator upon an enlarged scale, the upper portion of the perforator being broken away. This view shows the parts in the relative position which they have when the device is being lowered into position in the casing,

Fig. 3 is a view similar to Figure 2 but representing the parts in the relation which thev have when the device is about to be anchored` preparatory to receiving the blow which will drive a perforator tool through the casing,

Fig. 4 is a view similar to Figure 3 showing the device after the blow has been struck and the erforator tool has been driven through t e casing walls,

Figs. 5 to 9 inclusive are horizontal sections upon an enlar ed scale, taken at the points indicated by t e section lines on Fig.

4, and

Fig. 10 is a diagrammatic view illustrating the operation of the tool Where the outer casing has been cemented in.'

My invention concerns the body of the device which carries the perforator tool and also concerns the holding device which cooperates with the body to facilitate the actuating of the tool to cause it to perforate the casing. The construction is such that in the operation of the device in lowerin the body to position in the casing, the bo y of the device o erates to shove down in the casing a hol ing device which engages the casing and is capable of supportingl itself within the casing. This holding device is connected to the body by means which will permit an upward shifting movement of the body when it reaches the position in the casing where the perforation is to take place. A downward shifting movement of the body then, through the agency of the holding device,` effects the anchoring of the body to the casing, after which a jarring lforce or blow actuates the tool to perforate the casin Tn the preferred construction the body l of the device comprises an upper member 1 and a lower member l". The lower end of the body may be provided with a nose 4 which may be screwed in position and secured by a pin 5 (see Fig. 2). The body l is provided with gripping means, for example, two slips 6 6 which may be mounted on inclined guides 7 at diametrically opposite points on the lower portion of the member 1b. This gripping device or slips 6--6 is connected by suitable means with a holding device 8 located below the bod The holding device is preferably carrie on a stem 9 which is connected at its upper end to the slips 6 by means of a key 10 running in slots 11 in the lower end of the lower member. Any suitable construction may be adopted at this point which will operate to anchor the body to the casing 12 after the body has been lowered to position in the well where the perforation is to be made.

'lower collar 15. Both of these collars are loose on the stem 9. In order to support the holding device and normally maintain its upper end against the nose 4 I provide a coil spring 16 on the stem, the lower end of which rests upon a collar 17 fixed on the stem. If desired, this collar 17 may be in a position such that the lower collar 15 rests against it'w-hen the upper collar 14 is held against the nose 4. This spring 16 also operates to pull the stem 9 downwardly and prevents the gripping device from operating while the body is being lowered to position. y In operating the device, when the body 1 is given an upward shifting movement the stem 9 will slide upwardly through the

collars

14, 15. In this connection it should be'understood that the holding member 8 operates to support itself in the casing by frictional Contact of the bars 13 with the casing wall. I provide means for latching the holding device at a relatively lower position on the stem whenv the stem has been shifted upwardly with the body 1 as suggested. For this purpose I provide a spring latch 18 which may be placed in a slot in the side of the stem (see Fig. 2).` This catch is forced outwardly by a small spring 19 and has a shoulder 20 on its outer edge. By pulling the stem upwardly the catch will snap over the collar 15 and this will latch or lock the holding device in a lower position on the stem and leave a space between the nose 4 and the upper end of the holding device. By reason of this space it is then possible to shift the body 1 downwardly by a movement which is independent of the holding device. `I utilize this movement to actuate the gripping device to anchor the body 1 to the casing. In the present instance the slips 6 being loose on the ends of the key 10 are simply forced outwardly by the inclined guides 7 and the teeth 21 on the slips bite into the wall of the casing and securely anchor the lower member 1b to it. After the body has been anchored in this way the perforator tool 2 is then actuated to perforate the casing. In the present instance I prefer to accomplish this by constructing the body 1 of two members l and 1b as descrbed'and connect these two members in such a way as to permit a limited longitudinal movement of the members with respect'to ea'ch other. This may be accomplished simply by means of a key 22 which may be carried by the upper member l, and which runs in a longitudinal slot 23 in the member 1b. The members 1El and 1b are so constructed that a relative longitudinal movement of one with respect to the other will operate the perforator tool. In the present instance this may be accomplished in a very simple manner by provid'- ing a cam face or cam 24 just below the end of the tool 2 which normally han s in an inclined position (see Fig. 2). V'hen a jarring force occurs the upper member la moves downwardly and the lower edge of vent such al movement while the entire device is being lowered to position in the well. For this purpose I may provide a frangible or destructible member 25 of soft wood or similar material which I place between two

shoulders

26 and 27 formed respectively on the members 1ft and 1b. This piece of wood is, of course, frangible and simply breaks or fails under the force of the jarring blow, and thereby permits the relative downward movement of the upper member 1 which actuates the tool.

It is obvious that other means may be used for actuating the tool andI do not limit myself to the actuation of this tool merely through the relative movement of two body members.

In constructing the device the spring 16 should be sufficiently strong to support the holding device against the nose 4 and this holds the stem 9 in its extended position with the

slips

6, 6 normally retracted, but the friction developed by the casing on the holding device should be sufficient to enable the spring to be compressed b theupward movement of the collar 17 wit out developing sufficient force in the spring to cause the holding device to travel upwardly and follow the upward movement of the nose 4.

I shall now describe the general mode of operation of the device. Figure 2 shows the relation of parts in lowering the device to position in the casing. When the device arrives at the position where the perforation is to be made the body 1 is yshifted upwardly. In this movement thel holding device 8 supports itself in he casing and permits the stem 9 to slide upwardly through the

loose collars

14 and 15. As this upward movement occurs the spring 16 becomes compressed by the collar 17 but does not shift the holding device upwardly; as the stem slides upwardly t/he catch 18 comes above the collar 15 and the shoulder 20 snaps over the upper face of the collar, and this operates t0 hold the stem in a relatively elevated position on the holding device 8; or in other words the holding device is locked in a relamoasve tively lower position on the stem. This leaves a gap between the nose 4 and the upper end of the holding device which will permit a downward shifting movement of the bod This downward shifting movement e ects the application of the gripping device and anchors the lower member 1b to the casing. After this the down jar disrupts the separator member or block 25, thereby permittingl a relativelongitudinal movement of the upper member la with respect to the lower member 1b. As this relative downward movement occurs the tool 2 strikes the camface 24 and is driven through the casing walls (see Fig. LL). Y

By providing an extra long tool in place of the tool 2 the same may be made to perforate not only'ai inner casing but an outer casing as well, (see Figs. 5 and 10)'. ln Fig. 5 the mode' of operation of the device is illustrated when the casings are not cemented in. Under these circumstances when the perforating tool 2 operates, the

inner casing 12 backs up against the wallv of .the outer casing l2a and this takes the thrust of the tool in the perforating movement. Fig. l0 illustrates the operation of the tool where an outer casing 12bl has been cemented in. ln this case the body of the' device simply backs up against the wall of the inner casing l2 and the cement holds the inner casing in position and resists the thrust of the tool when it is ,forced through the two walls of the casings.

lt is obvious that by maintaining the device at a certain level it can be slightly rorated between each perforating operation and in this way perforations can be placed in a circumferential arrangement around the casing wall. Also, if desired, the device may be pulled up to a higher level and a similar row of perforations placed above a lower row.

lt is understood that the embodiment of the invention described herein is only one of the many embodiments this invention may ytake and I do not wish to be limited in the practice of my invention nor in my claims to the .particular embodiment set forth.

What I claim is:

l. ln a casing perforator, the combination of a body, a perforator tool carried thereby, said body comprising two relatively movable members, a holding device carried by the body and operating to support itself within the casing, anchoring ,means for one of said relatively movable members controlled through the agency off the holding device, said relatively movableirnembers constructed so as to cooperate 4when given a down jar to actuate the anchoring means to grip the casing, and means operating by theI relative movement of said-body members to each other to. actuate the perforator tool.

2. ln a casing perforator,`the combination of a bod a perforator tool carried thereby, said bo y comprising two relatively movahle'members, separator means for temporarily preventing relative movement between the body members, a holding device operating to supportitself within the casing, means for anchoring one of said body members to the casing controlled through the agency of the holding device, said-separator meansv operating under the application of a down jarring force, to permit relative movement of the body members on each other, said body members having means cooperating t0 actuate the perforator tool by a down jarring movement of one of said body members.

3. In a casing erforator, the combination of a body, a perfldrator tool carried thereby, said body comprising two members constructed to slide longitudinally relative to each other, separator means cooperating with the body members to prevent relative longitudinal movement of the body members with respect to each other, a holding device below said body operating to support itself within the casing, means vfor anchoring one of said body members to the casing 'controlled through the agency of the holding device when supporting itself within the casing, said separator means operating `under the application of a jarring force to permit relative movement of the body members on each other, said body members having means cooperating during the said relative movement to actuate the tool.

4. In a casing perforator, the combination of a body, a perforator tool carried thereby, said body comprising a lower body member and an upper body member constructed to slide longitudinally on each other','a frangible member cooperating with the body members to prevent relative longitudinal movem'ent of the body members with respect to each other, a holding device below the body operating to support itselt` within the casing, means for anchoring one of said body members to the casing controlled'through the agency of the holding device, said frangible member operating to break under the application of a down jarring force and thereby permit downward movement of the upper body member,- one of said body members having means cooperating to actuate the perforator tool by the said downward movement of the upper body member produced by the jarring force.

5. n a casing erforator, the combination of a body, a perftdrator tool carried thereby, said body comprising a pair of members guided to slide longitudinally with respect to each other, a holding device below the body operating to support itself within the casing, anchoring-means for anchoring one of said body members to the casing controlled through the agency of the holding device, a rangible member for temporarily preventin longitudinal sliding movement of the body members relative to each other until a time after the operation of the anchoring means, said body members having means cooperating to actuate the tool by the application of a force sufficient to disrupt the frangible member.

6. In a casing perforator, the combination of a body consisting of an upper body member and a lower body member mounted to slidev longitudinally with respect to each other, a holding device supported from the body and having means for engaging the casing and operating to support itself within the casing, means for anchoring the lower body member to the casing controlled through the agencyof the holding device, separator means for temporarily preventing relative longitudinal movement between the body members and operating after the lower body member has been anchored, and under the application of a jarring force to permit the relative movement of the body members, said body members having means cooperat ing to support ythe tool and actuate the same by the said relativemovement of the body members.

' 7 In ay casing perforator, the combination of a body consisting of an upper member and a lower member connected together to permit a limited longitudinal sliding movement of the members with respect to each other, a perforatortool supported on one ot the body members, means on the other body member for actuating the tool when a relative movement of the body members occurs, to drive the tool through the casing, means for anchoring one of the body members to the casing, and a frangible member between the body members operating to fail under a jarring blow and permit the relative movement which actuates the perforator tool.1

8. In a casing perforator, the combination of a body consisting of an upper body member and a lower body member, said members being'connected to permit a limited relative longitudinal sliding movement with respect to each other, slips movably mounted in the lower body member, a holding device connected with the slips operating to support the slips within the casing, said lower Vbody member having guideways diverg'ing in an upward directlon arid cooperating with the slips when supported by the holding device, to force the same against the casing and anchor the lower body member to the casing, a frangible member for temporarily preventing longitudinal movement of the body members with respect to each other, a perforator tool movably mounted on the upper body member, and means on the lower body member operating when the jarring force occurs to engage the tool and drive the same through the casing, said frangible member operating to disrupt and permit the relative movement of the body members which actuates the perforator tool.

9. In a casing perforator, the combination of a body, a perforator tool carried thereby, said body comprising an upper body member and a lower body member movable longitudinally with respect to each `casing wall and resting at its upper. jend against the lower end of the lower body member to enable. the same to shove the holding member down the casing when the perforator is being lowered to position in the casing, a collar, on the stem for .engaging the spring, latching means cooperating in an upward movement of the body and the stem, to compress the spring and latch the holding device in a lower position on the stem, and thereby permit a downward shifting movement of the body independently of the holding device, the said lower body member having means operating during said downward shifting movement of the lower body member for actuating the gripping means to anchor the lower body member to the casing, and a frangible member between the upper body member and the lower body member preventing a relative movement of the body members in lowering the body to position in the casing, and operating under the application of a jarring force to fail and permit a relative sliding movement off the upper body member on the lower body member, said body members having means cooperating to actuate the tool by the said relalend loose on said stem and a' collar at its lower end loose on said stem, and having friction bars connecting said collars and for engaging the casing, a collar fixed on the stem to engage the ower collar of the cage, a spring around the stem thrusting against the stems fixed collar and thrusting at its upper end against the upper collar of the ca ho ding device and hold the gripping means against engagement with the casing, the lower end of said body engaging the upper collar of the ca e in lowering the perforator to position. wit the casing, said frictioa ge, said spring operating to support the j vthe cae in the upward shifting movement of the dy to compre the spring and support the holding device in 'alower position on the stem, thereby permitting a downward shifting movement of theA body independent y of the holding device, said body having means cooperating with the gripping means to anchor the body to the casing by a downward movement ofthe body thereafter, and a perforator tool carried bythe body and actuated by a jarring force applied to the body.

11. In a casing perforator, the combination of a body, a'perforator tool carried thereby, a stem extending downwardly from the body, a holding device mounted on the stem at a relatively elevated point on the stem and engaged at its upper vend by the lower end of the bodyduring the .movement of lowering the body to position in the casing, gripping means, means for holdinflv the same on the stem tol prevent longitudinal movement of the gripping means along the stem, but permitting its outward movement from the stem,'said holding means operating to support itself in the casing when the body is given an upward shifting movement, means cooperating with the holding means after the said upward shifting movement to latch the holding means on'the stem at a relatively lower position thereby permitting a downward shifting movement of the body independently of the holding device, sald body having means cooperating with the gripping means in said downward shifting movement to move the gripping means outwardly against the casing, and anchor the body to the casing, and means for actuating the perforator tool by a downward jarrin force after the said anchoring has taken p ace.

12. Ina casing perforator, the combination of a body, a perforator tool carried thereby, a stem extending downwardly from the body, a holding device mounted on the stem at a relatively elevated point on the stem and engaged at its upper end by the lower end of the body during the movement of lowering the body to position in the casing, gripping means, a key for holding the same on the stem to revent longitudinal movement of the gripping means along the stem, but permitting its outward movement from the stem, said holding device operating to support itself in the casing when the body is given an upward shifting movement, means cooperating with the holding device after the said upward shifting movement to latch the holding device on the stem at a relatively lower position thereby permitting a downward shifting movement of the body independently of they y,holding device, said body having means cooperating with the ,gripping means in said downward shifting movement to force the ipping means outwardly against the casing, and anchor the body to the casing, means for actuating the perforator tool by a downward jarring force after the said anchoring has taken place, and means associated with the stem for supporting the holding device to maintain the same 'against the lower end of the 'body when lowering the perforator to' position in the casing.

13. In a casing perforator, the combination of a body, a perforator tool carried thereby, said body comprising a lower body member and an upper body member guided to slide longitudinally on the lower body member, said lower body member having inclined guide-ways diverging from each other in an upward direction, gripping means mounted to slide in the guideways for anchoring one of said body members to the casing, and means operated by the relative downward movement of the upper body member to actuate the perforator tool.

' Signed at Whittier, California this 5th day of February 1923.

' ROLAND R. CRUM.