US1494477A

US1494477A - Headlight

Info

Publication number: US1494477A
Authority: US
Inventors: George E Glossop
Original assignee: JOSEPH R B MCCREARY
Current assignee: JOSEPH R B MCCREARY
Priority date: 1922-10-18
Filing date: 1922-10-18
Publication date: 1924-05-20
Anticipated expiration: 1941-05-20

Description

May 20, 1924.

G. E. GLOSSOP HEADLIGHT Filed Oct. 18, 1922 3 Sheets-Sheet 1 INVENTOR ATTORNEY G. E. GLOSSOP HEADLIGHT 3 Sheets-Sheet 2 Filed Oct. 18 192? III INVENTOR GEUHGEE. GLUE-5UP ATTORNEY May 20, 1924. 1,494.47?

G. E GLOSSOP I HEADLIGHT Filed Oct. 18. 1922 3 Sheets-Sheet 5 v INVENTOR GEDR EEE. ELUS'EUP ATTORNEY Patented May 20, 1924.

UNITED STATES PATENT oFFmE.

GEORGE E. 'GLOSSOP, OF OTTAWA, ONTARIO, CAN ADA, ASSIGNOR OF ONE-HALF TO JOSEPH R. B. MOCREARY, OF OTTAWA, ONTARIO, CANADA.

HEADLIGHT.

Application filed October 18, 1922. Serial No. 595,344.

To all whom it may ooncern.

Be it known that I, GEORGE E. GLOSSOP,

a citizen of Dominion of Canada, and resident of Ottawa, in the county of Carleton 5 and, Province of Ontario, Dominion of Canada, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Headlights, of which the following is a specification.

This invention has relation to certain new l0 and useful improvements in headlights and "in the provision of aheadlight of the character stated in which the lens/will be of concavo-oonvex form and practically a continuation of the curved reflector and provided with central and side prisms for deflecting the light rays passing through the lens.

' A further object of the invention resides in the provision of a headlight of the chara'cter stated, which will be constructed in such a manner as to refract and deflect downwardly and sidewise the maximum number of light rays passing directly from the lamp bulb through the lens.

A further object resides in the provision of a headlight of the character stated, which 40 will be of simple construction and operatibn,

composed of the minimum number-of parts and highly flicient in use, operating at all times to throw downwardly a diffused light to the side, as well asstraight ahead of the lamp. 4

A still further object of. theinvention resides in the provision of a headlight of the I character stated, which is constructed in r such a manner that the entire rear part of the lamp structure serves as a reflector while the lens constitutes the greater portion of the front part of the lamp structure and may be readily attached to the reflector and the drum casing, enclosing the reflector, the

lamp bulb being suspended from one of the parts of the lamp structure and located concentrically of the reflector.

A still further object of the invention resides in the provisionof a headlight of the character stated, which is constructed in such a manner that any of the parts thereof may be readily replaced or repaired without injury to the other parts.

With the foregoing and other objects in view, aslwill appear as the description proceeds, the invention consists in the novel construction, combination and arrangement. of .co-operatin elements, as hereinafter more specifical y set forth, claimed and shown in the accompanying drawings form- .ing a part of the present application, in

which:

Fig.1 is a plan of the forward portion of a motor vehicle with a pair of headlights of the improved type mounted thereon.

Fig. 2 is a front elevation of one of the headlights.

Fig. 3 is a side elevation of the headlight. Fig. 4:- is a vertical section through the headlight, substantially on the plane of line 4-4 of F ig. 2, looking in, the direction in dicated by the arrows.

Fig. 5 isfa transverse horizontal section substantially on the plane of line 5-5 of Fig. 3, looking in-the direction indicated by the arrows.

Fig. 6 is a view similar to Fig. 5, showing a modified form of the invention.

Fig. 7-is a View similar to Figs. 5 and 6, showing a further modification.

Fig. 8 is a vertical section through the form disclosedin Fig. 7.

Referring more in detail to the, drawings in which similar reference characters desig- :nate corresponding parts throughout the several views, 10 designates the reflector which is (if substantially semi-spherical form and which is positioned in the cylindricaldrum casing 11 and detachably secured thereto by the attaching means 11, or.

by any other suitable means' or method, as

desired; The cylindrical drum casing'll has i an open forward side, with the edge of which, one side of the forward'edge of the reflector lO registers, as shown in Fig. 5. The reflector 10 is turned in such a 'manner within the drum casing 11. that the other sideof the forward edge of the-reflector 10 is positioned inwardly of the corresponding portion of the forward edge of the cylindri carried on the front part 12 for engagementagainst the flanged forward edge '14 of the cylindrical drum casing 11, after which the transverselyjsplit clamping ring 15 is placed over the annular flange 13 and the flanged forward edge 14 and securely tightened thereon, by means of the clamp screw 16 extendedthrough the parallel offset ends-17 of the transversely split clamping ring 15,

as shown clearly in lig. 2. This will serve to securely hold the front part 12 in proper position at the front of the cylindrical drum casing-11 and in engagement with the reflector 10. The annular flange 13 is extended at an angle with respect to the rear edge of the front part 12, to permit one side of the latter to extend into the cylindrical drum casing 11 and engage the reflector 10. This entire structure may be readily seen by referring to the drawings, particularly Fig. 5. It will also be seen from the drawings, that a cushioning'ring 18 is extended around the reflectorlOand the front part- 12 within the cylindrical drum casing llfand at the forward open side thereof, to properly retain the parts in normal position and prevent unnecessary vibration or movement'thereof.

The lens 19 employed in theconstruction of this lamp is of concavo-convex form in horizontal section, as well as in vertical-section. This can also be seen. from Figs. 4 and 5.- The lens 19 is positioned'with its convex side turned out and arranged concentrically to the lamp bulb 20, which latter is also suspended concentrically of the reflector 10, thereby bringing the lamp bulb -20 opposite the edge or near the edgeof the reflector 10, as shown in Fig. 5. A lens opening 21 of substantially rectangular form is provided centrally in the front part 12 with an inturned flange 22 provided along the vertical edges of the lens opening 21. Supporting bracket plates 23 are provided on the inner face of the front part 12 along the edges of the lens opening 21 to receive and support the edges of the lens 19. This may also be clear by referring to Figs. 4 and 5. As will be clear from the drawings, the lens 19 projects through the lens opening 21 and is curved the same from top to bottom as from side to side, as varified by Figs. 4 and 5. The lens opening 21 being located to'one side ofthe front part 12, serves to offset the lens 19 from the front of the lamp and thereby throw the light rays to the side of as well as the front of the machine. This is shown clearly in 1, in which view is indicated the result of the specific construction of lamp disclosed in this application.-

The lens 19 is provided on its central upper portion with arcuate prisms 24 from the top of the lens 19 to a point slightly below the centre thereof and opposite the centre of the lamp bulb 20 suspended within the lamp structure. The arcuate prisms 24 are curved upwardly toward the upper corner portions of the lens 19 and serve to deflect the light rays and prevent the lamp from sending forth strong central rays known as spotlights, owing to some of the rays of light passing from the lamp bulb 20 directly through the centre of the lens 19. Side prisms 26 are also provided on the outer face of the lens 19 to either side of the central curved or arcuate prisms 24. These side prisms 26 are straight or horizontal and extend from the central curved or arcuate prisms 24 to the sides of the lens 19. It will also be seen from Figs. 2 and 3 that the side prisms 26 are arranged in pairs on the opposite sides of the lens 19 and the lowermost side prisms 26 are slightly above the lowermost central arcuate prism 24'. The arcuate prisms 24 and the straight prisms 26 refract and deflect downwardly and sidewlse the light rays passing through the lens-19,

the side portions, of the arcuate risms 24 producing downward and sidew1se defiection while all other portions ofprisms 24 .and 26 deflect light downwardly only.

The lampbulb 20 is removably carried on the socket 27- which is preferably suspended on an incline from the upper portion of the front part 12, adjacent its connection with the reflector 10. The current conducting wires 28 connect with the upper end of the socket 27 and then pass through the cushioning ring 18, around the reflector 10 and out of the drum casing 11. by way of the insulating exit ring .or eyelet 29 secured in the drum casing 11,'p referably at the open side thereof, as shown in Fig. 4.- By mounti'ngthe socket 27 in the manner stated the lamp bulb 20 is supported at or near the centre of the lamp structure formed by the reflector 10 and the front part 12, thereby placing the lamp bulb 20. concentrically with both of these parts and also concentrically. of the lens 19. This will result in the desired reflecting of the rays of light by the reflector 10. As seen in Fig. '1, .the position of the lens 19 for the lamps at the opposite sides of the vehicle should be reversed so as to cause spreading of the light to each side of the machine and a crossing of the forwardly directed light rays a short distance in front of the vehicle. This can be accomplished by simply reversing the front part 12 before reflector 10.

turned in the reverse direction with respect to the drum casing 11 and then "securing the parts of the lamp to one another, as previously stated.

The reflector 10 has an eccentric oflset portion 30 whichis directed rearwardly to accommodate an auxiliary lamp bulb 31 'rearwardly of ,and directly opposite the lamp bulb 20.

This auxiliary lamp bulb 31 is suitably secured in the eccentric ofl'set portion 30 of the reflector 10 directly opposite the forward lamp bulb 20. By providing this second or auxiliary lamp bulb31, however, the strength and volume of light passing through the lens 19 will be considerably increased, owing to the multiplication of light rays thrown to and reflected by the Some of the light rays striking the eccentric offset portion 30 of the reflector 10 will be reflected by this portion of the reflector directly to the lens 19, while other rays of light will 'first strike this part of the reflector and then be directed to the main part of the reflector 10 before passing through the lens 19. This provides for a thorough diflusing and softening of the light from the lamp. The volume of-light which includes the two

lamp bulbs

20 and 31, as described and illustrated in the preferred form of the invention. 'Inthe form disclosed in Fig. 6, however, the front part 12 of the lamp structure-has its flange 13' extended around and even with the rear edge thereof. The lens opening 21 in the front part 12 is offset from the centre thereof so as to cause the lens 19 to be positioned to one side of the front part 12 and serve in the same manner as, in the other form disclosed. This permits of a placing of'the opposed edges of the reflector. 10 and the front part 12 evenwith the forward open side of the drum casing 11. The result in this second form is the same, however, as in the preferred form of the invention and eliminates the necessity of turning the reflector 10 and front part 12 within the drum casing 11. In the last form, the offset portion 30' is practically concentric to the main portion of the reflector 1Q so as to position the auxiliary lamp bulb'31 directly opposite and rearwardly of the lamp bulb 20. In the form disclosed in Fig. 6 the lamp bulb 20 is supported slightly inwardly of the forward edge of the reflector 10, while 'in the preferred form of the invention the lamp bulb 20 is preferably suspended in line witlrthe forward edge of the reflector 10,

further detailed description. It may as shown clearly in Figs. 4 and 5. Attentionis-also directed to the'fact that the" walls of the offset portions 30 and 30' of the re- 'flector 10. in the preferred and modified forms, respectively, are flared and the auxiliary lamp bulbs 31 are located in the rear of such offset

portions

30 and 30 and cannot be considered as being located concentrically of said oflset portions 30 and 30'. Therefore, many of the rays of light emanating from the auxiliary lamp bulbs 31 will not be thrownback to the same but will be reflected at various angles thereto. This should be clear from reference to Figs. 5 and 6. t

The complete construction and operation of the forms of lamp or headlight thus fardescribed should now be apparent to parties familiar with such devices, from the foregoing paragraphs taken in connection with the accompanying drawings, withogt e briefly stated, however. that the .parts of the lamp may be readily manufactured at small costand assembled or taken apart, as desired. \Vhen properly positioned and connected, all of the parts will co-operate to throw asoft and diffused light to one side of, as well as forwardly of the. lamp and eliminate the spotlight which is' objectionable in the conventional forms of headlights now in general use.

In Figs. 7 and 8 a further modification of the invention is disclosed. In this form, the reflector 10' is of semi-spherical shape and is provided with no ofl'set'portion ofany character. Therefore, the auxiliary lamp bulb employed in the previous forms of the invention is also dispensed with, while the single lamp bulb 20 employed in this new form is suspended concentrically of the reflector 10 and located opposite the edge of the reflector. The lens 19 is supported in the same manner in this form, in--the lens opening 21 which is located centrally of the front part 12. This front part 12 and reflector 10' have their edges engaged and are turned at anangle within the cylindrical drum casing 11, as shown more clearly in F ig. 7. The lens 19 is extended concentrically of the lamp bulb 20 and is constructed the same as in the other forms of the lamp and will serve to refract and deflect the light rays and permit spreading of the lit) operation andjmany advantages of the last form should be clear, withoutfurther recital thereof.

When a pair of headlights constructed in accordance with this invention are employed on a vehicle, a substantially even light will be thrown from each headlight in such a manner as to clearly illuminate the surface to either side ofthe vehicle as well as in front of the same and thereby reduce to the minimum liability of collision with another vehicle on a narrow road or when approaching or turning corners or passing over intersecting roads. It is also evident that the front part 12 of the lamp structure may be readily removed for purposes of repair to the same, for replacing of the lamp bulb or

bulbs

20 and 31 or for other purposes and whenever required, the reflector 10 may be removed or replaced, without having to disturb the drum casing 11. Furthermore,

; the headlights will not have to be turned with the steering gear in o rder"to'1llum1- nate the surface to the-side of the machine when turning the same, asin the former types of headlights.

While the preferred embo liment of the invention has been disclosed, it is to be unders'tood that minor changes in the details of construction, combination and arrangement of co-operating elements maybe re-' sorted towithin the scope of what is claimed, without departing from the spirit ofthe invention. i

What I claim as new is: 1. A headlight including a curved reflector; a concavo-convex lens opposed to said curved reflector; and light emitting means suspended between said lens and said reflector; said lens being arranged at an angle to the longitudinal center of theheadlight and permitting spreading of the light rays forwardly of and to one side of said headlight at an angle of at least ninety degrees; said lens'having a transverse, clear lower portion to permit direct rays and also reflected rays of light from the light emitting means to spread over the surface forwardlyof and to one side of the headlight; said lens having series of prisms arranged at its, upper portion for refracting and deflecting light rays from 'the'light emitting means and from-the reflector onto the surface forwardly of and to, one side of the headlight and causing asoftening of the light rays. i

2. A headlight including a curved reflector, a transversely and vertically curved lens connected with said reflector; and light emitting means between said reflector and said lens; said curved lens being provided with a clear curved portion and central and side light refracting and deflecting prisms above and extending to the said clear curved portion from one edge of'the lens; said lens by means of said prisms.

3. A headlight includinga reflector; a bulb within said reflector; and a light refracting and'deflecting lens arranged with respect to said reflector and said bulb in such a manner as to refract and deflect the light rays downwardly and sidewise of the lamp as well as in front of the same; said reflector having a rearwardly offset portion; sald lens having central curved PIISIIIS'OII its upper portion and straight side prisms on its upper portlon; the lowermost curved central prism having' its greater portion extending lower than the lowermost straight side prisms; said central and side prisms being located .on the outer face of said lens and serving to ,refractand deflect the light rays passing outwardly through said lens.

4. A headlight including a curved reflector; a lens opposed to said curved reflector; and light emitting means suspended between said lens and said reflector; said lens being constructed and arranged so as to deflect and permit spreading of the light rays for- .wardly of'and to one side of said lamp at an angle of at least ninety degrees; said reflector having a rearwardly offset portion;

said lens having central curved prisms onits'upper portion and straight side prisms on its upper portion; the lowermost curved central prism having its greater portion extending lower than the lowermost straight side prisms; said central and side prisms being located on the outer face of said lens and serving to refract and deflect downwardly and sidewise the light rays passing outwardly through said lens.

K 5. A headlight including a reflector; a bulb mounted within said reflector; and a lens' opposite said reflector and constructed and arranged to distribute the light rays from the bulb direct and from the reflector thereof {said reflector having a rearwardly offset portion; said lens having central curved prisms on its upper portion and straight side prisms on its upper portion; the lowermost curved central prism having its greater portion extending lower than the lowermost straight side prisms; said central and side prisms being located on the outer face of said lens and serving to refract and deflect downwardly and sidewise the light rays passing outwardly through said lens; said rearwardly oflset portion of the reflector being eccentric to the main portion 'thereof and to the lens.

6 A headlight including a reflector; a bulb withinsaid reflector; a light retracting ill) , of the lamp as well as in front of the same; 7

and deflecting lens arranged with respect to said reflector and said bulb in such a-manner as to distribute the light rays to one side a drum casing for said reflector; a detachable front part for said lamp; said lens bemg carried in said detachable front part and offset to one side from the open front of the drum casing; the edge of said detachable front part being opposed to the front side of the drum casing and the forward end of the reflector; means for removably securing said front part to said drum casing; means for securing said reflector in set position within'said drum casing; and a second auxiliary bulb within said reflector rearwardly of and opposite the first mentioned bulb.

7. A headlight including a reflector; a lens connected with said reflector and corresponding in shape thereto; light emitting means between said reflector and said lens; said lens being constructed and arranged-to provide for refracting and deflecting downwardly and sidewise the direct rays of light from said light emitting means and spreading the light rays forwardly of'and to one side of the lamp; a drum casing for said reflector; a detachable front part for said lamp; said lens being carried in said detachable front part and offset to one side from the open front of the drum casing; the edge of said detachable front part being opposed to the front side of the drum casing and the forward end of the reflector; means for removably securing said front part to said drum casing; means for securing said reflector in set position within said drum casing; and a second auxiliary light emitting means within said reflector 'rearwardly of and opposite the first mentioned light emitting means.

8. A headlight including a reflector; a bulb arranged within said reflector; and a lens arranged with respect to said reflector and said bulb to distribute the light rays from said bulb to one side as well as forwardly and downwardly from the lamp; said reflector having a rearwardly offset portion; said lens having central curved prisms on its upper portion and straight side prisms on its upper portion; the lowermost curved central prism having its greater portion extending lower than the lowermost straight side prisms; said central and side prisms being located on the outer face of said lens and serving to refract and deflect downavardly and "sidewise the light rays passing outwardly through said lens; a drum for said reflector; for said lamp; said lens being carried in said detachable front part and offset to one side from the open front of the drum casing; the edge of said detachable front part being opposed to the 'front side of the drum casing and the forward end of the reflector; means for removably securing said front part to said drum easing; means for securing said reflector in set position within said drum casing; and a second auxiliary bulb within said reflector rearwardly of and opposite the first mentioned bulb; said auxiliary bulb being mounted in said rearwardly oflset portion of the reflector.

casing a detachable front part 9. A headlight including a reflector; a

bulb within'said reflector; and a light refraeting and deflecting lens arranged with respect-to said reflector and said bulb in such a manner as to distribute the light rays to one side of the lamp as well as in front of the same; said reflector having a rearwardly offset portion; said lens having central curved prisms on its upper portion and straight side prisms on its upper portion; the lowermost curved central prism having its greater portion extending lower than the lowermost straight side prisms; said central and side prisms being located on the outer face of said lens and serving to refract and deflect downwardly and sidewise the light rays passing outwardly through said lens; said reflector and saidlens both being arranged concentrically with respect to said bulb; said reflector be ng of substantially semi-spherical form; said lens being of concavo-convex form and supported practically in the arm partially described by said reflector.

In testimony whereof, I aflix my signa-