US1494278A - nielsen - Google Patents

Description

May 13 1924. 1,494,278

H. NIELSEN REFRIGERATING MACHINE Filed March 25 1924 Pstcnted May 13, 1924.

UNITED STATES HGLGER NIELSEN. OF COPENHAGEN. DENMARK.

ILEFRIGEEATING MACHINE.

Application filed March 25, 1924. Serial No. 701,842.

To all whmn it may concern.-

Be it known that I, Hoiocn NinnsnN, subject f the King of Denmark, residing at Copcnhrigen. Denmark, have invented certain new inrl useful lmprov'cments in Refrigerating Machines, of which the fol-- lowing is :1 specification.

'Rctrigcrnling machines on known con sisl'ing m" s compressor cncloscd in a. small rotary tank which coi'nmunicstes with another vcsscl containing the medium, for instcncc sulphnrous acid, which is compressed by being directed to the cornprcssor, and is then cooled, until it assumes liquid state, whr-rc-zl'ftci it is returned to thc tank, where the liquid "ill expand and. thereby, return ntgascrjans state, during which process it will ncquirc a verv considerable quantity of heat.

in the known apparatus. the rotary tank cut-rising the compressor generally of spherical shapc. and is fitted with a central tubular shaft. onto which the two obliquely disposed compressor cylinders. are hung together with a. heavy weight serving to prevent the compressor cylinders from following the rotation of the outer cylinder.

Tn. the tank spacejs provided for tho liquid sulphnrous acid and for the oil rcquircd for lubrication of the cylinders.

Those known apparatuses. however. arc subje t to several rirnwlmclis, which matcriril v imp rls their u e, in thisconncction. it only he notcd that ll has oon difficult to lfiali fthe weight sulliclcnt-ly heavy to prevcnt it from following the rolnlion of tha vssscl. and it has becn difficult to prevent: th o l from becoming mixed w th the (011 7 (loosed sulphurons acid and. finally, the sh rt has linen diilicult owing to flu-r largo dili'crence of pressurc hntwwn the two sides of the compressor.

The prescnl' invention has now for its obiect to remedy these drawbacks. and this rssu l attained prin ipally by replacing, Tl}? two compressor cylinders disposed ohliqu lv below the shaft by two cylinders plac d in line and in tho horizontal diametricol plans of tho vessel. As :1 result space is rim; Irud for n consir cmhlv heavier Whig-hi, 'lly tllu ln ir! sz-l"li? l Fol o my the rolsllon ol' the vossci. J -v we also prr-Virlcil. Wi h n tlw nnli, tw annular partitions sopnrcting tho mm rating oi and the liquid sulphui'ous acid into on inn-armwlini'e lay! f z pliur nis acid extracted by centrifugal force and two outer layers of oil, a scraping 'ipe being provided for returning the liquid sulphurous acid to a collecting vessel, while scraping pipes return the oil frorrrthc two oil layers to an oil vessel disposed above the compressor cylindersv Finally there is provided on the tubular shaft a valve the spindle of which, While actuated by the centrifugal force generated by the rotation, will stop the connection betwcen the pipe and the tank, while the spindle, when the rotary speeds drops below :1 certain limit, will open this connection und. thereby. -equalize the pressure difference.

One construction of shown on the drawing.

Fig. 1 showing the entire device in side elevation with the compressor tanlr in section.

Fig. 2 on a larger scale a horizontal sectionof the compressontank and the comprcssor cylinder,

Fig. 3 on a still larger scale a section of tho pressure equalizing valve.

The device consists thus principally of tho known elements, viz. an evaporator l in which the condensed sulphurous acid, admitted by way of the narrow central pips 2 from a, small vessel 3 in ll'lf' compressor tank 4, expands and again becomes gaseous, whcrcsltcr it is returned to the compressor cylinders (l. 7 by way of a pipe 5 coaxial with pipe 2.

the invention is By the invention here referred to it is novel to have the two cylinders 6 and 7 disposed in tho horizontal diametrical plane of the tank 4'. whilc therc is employed only one single block piston 10. which is given a reciprocating motion from an eccentric 11 provided on the tubular shaft 5, the said eccentric being ada ted to move in an annulsr bearing mediall? of the piston 10. In conscquencc of the cylinders 6 and 7 being located at such high level there will be room for a much larger and, therefore, heavier Weight,

No piston rings or the like are used for securing tightness between the piston and the inner surfaces of the cylinders 6 and 7. and rather powerful lubrication mu t therefore be used. -In order, however, to pr v'cnl. liquid sulphurous acid from being introduced into the compressor cylin- Finally there is provided a hcovy Weight 8.

l ders together with the oil means are provided according to the present iIlV-BflliOH, .for effecting a separation between the oil and th liquid sulphurous acid by centrifugal action.

For this purpose there are provided in the tank 4 two partition rings 13 and 14 having perforations 15 and arrangedclose to the wall of the tank 4. As a result, during the speedy rotation of the tank a separation between the oil and the condensed sulphurous acid will heefl'ected. the heavier sulphurons acid formin a circular band 16 between the two separating rings 13 and 14 as shown on the drawing. there being still left some sulphurous acid outside of the rings. but next to the wall of the tank. while the lighter oil will form two hands 17 and 18 outside of the partition rings 13 and 14. There is then. as mentioned before. provided a scraping: pipe 19 leading from the sulphurous acid band -to the above mentioned small vessel 3. in

which there is provided a small valve. which is fitted with a float 20. and is adapted to close the inlet to the inner pipe 2.

The oil flung out passes back through two scraping pipes 21 and 29. to an oil vessel 23 disposed above the cylinders.

n the outer tubular shaft there provided in the tank 4 a valve 24 thespindlc 25 of which is free to move in radial direction.

Then the machine stands still. the valve spindle 25 will allow the pressure difference between the two tanks to he equalized. and this will also he the case. when the 'iressiire in the tank 4 becomes so high that ii mu) overcome thecentrifugal force acting on the spindle 25. the valve 24 being then opened so as to relieve the tank 4 from the excessive pressure.

Owing to the feature that the valve 24 is open. when the machine is to he started. the start will he facilitatcd. the fact that the valve 24 is open having for its consequence that no excess pressure will exist in the tank 4.

llavimr now particularh described and ascertained the nature of my said invention and in what manner the same is to he pen formed. I declare that what i claim is:

l. A refrigerating machine including a ro tat-able hollow shaft. an evaporator carried on one end thereof. a globular gas tank on the other end of the shaft. a gas compressor loosely mounted on the shaft within the tank. means for normallv holding the comprcssor in horizontal position in the tank. an oil tank carried with the ompressor and in communication therewith. a sulphurous acid receiving tank also carried with the compressor. a pair of semiri'itinp rings secured in spaced relation on the inner surfa e of the tank and in planes at rightangles to the axis of the shaft for separating the condensed snlphurous acid from the oil. and scraping pipes mounted on the oil tank terminating adjacent the rings and within the tanks for respectively returning the separated oil and sulphurous acid to the oil tank and the sulphurous acid tank.

2. A refrigerating machine including a rotatable hollow shaft. an evaporator carried on one end thereof and in communication therewith. a gas tank carried on the other end of the shaft. a gas compressor loosely mounted on the shaft within the tank. means for normally holding the compressor in horizontal position in the tank. a valve including a casing mounted on the shaft and extending radially therefrom-for equalizin the pressure in the evaporator and the tan and a valve member within the casing adapted to close due to centrifugal action upon the rotation of the shaft. and the valve member bein also adapted to be opened when the gas in the tank rises beyond a predetermined pressure ahore that in the evaporator.

3. A refrigerating1 machine including a hollow rotatable shaft. an evaporator carried on one end thereof. a globular gas tank carried on the other end of the shaft. a gas compressor mounted on the shaft within the tank includin t a pair of cvlinders loosely mounted on the shaft. :1 weight carried by the cylinders for holding the same in 'a horizontal diametrical plane of the tank. an oil tank carried with the cylinders and in communication therewith. a sulphurous acid receiving tankalso carried with the cylinders. a pair of spaced perforated partition rings mounted within the tank in planes at right angles to the axis of the shaft for separating the condensed sulphurous acid from the oil. s raping pipes mounted on the oil tank terminating adjacent the rings and within the tanks. a valve controlled return pipe ex tcndinrr from the snlphurous acid tanl. through the hollow shaft to the evaporator. a valve including a casing mounted on the shaft and extending radiall v therefrom for equalizing the pressure in the evaporator and the tank. and a valve memhcr within the casino adapted to close due to centrifugal action upon the rotation of the shaft and the valve member being also adapted to be opened when the gas in the tank rises beyond a predetermined pressure above that in the evaporator.

in tcstimonv whereof I afiix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

' HOLGE'R- NIELSEN.

Witnesses:

CHAs. ILND, Essa Snow.

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