US1484123A - And arthur f - Google Patents

Description

. Ffib. 19: 1924.

Filed Dec. 15, 1921 S. H. FARNHAM ET AL CALCULATING AND RECORDING MACHINE AND RECORD SHEET gvwemto' d $1,112 B oke M041 y WITNESSES Patented Feb. 19, 1924.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

STEPHEN H. FARNHAM, OF BROOKLYN, NEW YORK, AND ARTHUR I. POOLE, OF KENIL- WORTH, ILLINOIS, .ASSIGNORS TO REMINGTON ACCOUNTING MACHINE conroaa' TION, OF NEW YORK, N. Y., A CORPORATION OF NEW YORK.

CALCULATING AND RECORDING MACHINE AND RECORD SHEET.

Application filed December 15 1921. Serial No. 522,602.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that we, STEPHEN H. FARN- HAM and ARTHUR F. Poona, citizens of the United States, and residents, respectively, of

the borough of Brooklyn, county of Kings,

city and State of New York and Kenilworth, county of Cook, and tate of Illinois, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Calculating and Recording Machines and Record Sheets, of which the following is a specification.

Our invention relates to means for im proving, in respect to facility and accuracy,

the recording, reading and copying of numbers. Our invention includes a record sheet especially desi ed to receive a record of numbers and it also includes typewriting and computing mechanism so marked as to facilitate the handling of numbers with accuracy. Our invention is especially useful Where the numbers to be handled are large.

To the above and other ends, our invention consists in certain features of construction and combinations and arrangements of devices and in a certain record sheet, all of which will be fully set forth herein and particularly pointed out in the claims.

One instance of our invention is illustrated in the accompanying drawing which consists of a conventional representation in front elevation of so much of a Remington accounting machine as is necessary to an understandin of our invention, to ther with a record sl eet conventionally il ustrated as being on the platen of said machine in position to have numbers copied from it and recorded on it.

In saiddrawing, the record sheet 1 is illustrated as mounted on the platen 2 of a Remington accounting typewriter, of which there are also shown a portionofthefrontcross bar of the stationary base framework 3 and the denominational tabulator keys 4, which latter 3 project forward from; said frame bar andarenperated by pushing them toward: the rear of the machine The 2 Remington accounting machineincludes' the typewritingfmechanism,- -thus partially shown, and=it-also1;includes the; Wahl' ca culating mechanism of which wehaveshown four totalizers 5 We :do notdeem it necessafly: either to illustrate or describe in de- 1 the. Remington acco'untln'g machine, ;be,-

cause said machine is well known in the art. Our invention, in sofar as it includes said machine at all, is applicable to machines of this character generally; that is to say, it is applicable to typewriting machines and to calculating machines of various kinds.

The particular record sheet 1, shown in the drawing, is in the nature of a loose leaf ledger sheet with columns ruled for debits, credits and balances, but as far asour invention is concerned, it might be ruledfor any other purpose requirin the recording and copying of numbers. ach column: of sheet 1 is adapted for recording amounts in United States money up-to and including hundreds of billions of dollars, and some; of the numbers shown recorded on said sheet by way of illustration have from eight to: thirteen digits. Previously in reading," writing and copying such numbers and in. entering them into a calculating machine, close attention was required in order *to know where to begin and many mistakes were made by getting digits into the wrong denominational positions. If written in the ordinary Way, a number often digits does not differ greatly in appearance from a number of eleven digits,and there is nothing in the appearanceof the number to guide the operator readily and with oertainty to the correctdenominational keys of a machine, such as the rows of numeral keys of a listing addingmachine or the ,tabulator keys of a typewriter,

According to our invention we distinguish between the different decimal] periods, such as the usual periods of threedigitseach, by, making the sheet sothateach of saidperiods. has as a Whole a distinctive appearance. The sheet 1 is shown ruledfor fouryertical, columns of numbers-(debits,credits; etc;.), and each column is, shown divided into five vertical columns; bandsor stripes, a, 6, 65,613 and e, .each; stripe .adaptedto receiveqap ri of three i 0m the ca e o t e; first or right-hand stripe, the decimal point; and two digits. Saicl stripes may be niarked 100 r y r l a lines 1Q. tr i rred r. a a e T w y i ain hat-bla k). and h t r gh colum 0 s r pi if u ent a ruled hrtie l.l esitlia 6, ion ..1,1'n s., tens: andhundreds, .;W-it h hor zontalg f thatp; for thousands, 't I ward the right downward the millions stripe d is left white; and the billions stripe e is ruled with lines inclined to the right upward. The ruling shown is designed to illustrate difierent colors according to the convention adopted by the United States Patent Ofiice. According to said convention the strip or band a is shown as if tinted red; the stripe 22, blue; the stripe 0, green; the stripe 03, white; and the stripe e, purple. It will of course be understood that any other set of colors or shades may be used, the idea being that the different periods of digits are written on different columns or stripes, each stripe having a distinctive apearance. Preferably the colors are not iieavy colors but are rather in the nature of tints. In copying numbers either by hand or on a typewriting machine from one such record sheet to another, the 23 of the first number on the sheet shown in the drawing need not be thought of as the 13th and 12th digits of a number but merely as occupying the second and first positions in the purple stripe. The 344 would be copied from one white stripe to another white stripe of the same or another sheet, and so on. Undoubtedly an operator accustomed to the use of this sheet would soon learn to think of billions in connection with purple; millions in connection with white; thousands in connection with green, etc., and seeing the number written with its first digit or digits in purle would instantly recognize that the num- Ber began in billions. If there are two digits in the purple stripe, the number begins in tens of billions, and so on.

According to modern practice these numbers are usually handled on machines of some kind such as typewriting machines, calculating machines or combined typewriting and calculating machines; and our invention contemplates making or arranging such machines in harmony with the record sheets. For example, when a t pewriting machine is intended to be used or writing numbers, it is usually equipped with a denominational tabulator having a series of keys 4 conveniently located, each of said keys when operated being adapted to release the type writer carriage and to arrest it at a denominational position determined by the particular one of the keys that is used. The drawing shows diagrammaticall the arrangement of these keys on the Ilemington typewriter. According to our invention, these keys are designated by the same means as the corresponding period stripes on the paper. This could be done in various ways as, for example, by coloring the keys themselves. In the present instance, however, we have shown a band 6 of differing colors mounted on the frame 3 just above the keys so that this band after a fashion simulates the marking of the paper but magnified in a right and lefthand direction so as to include the keys and reversed, said keys being arranged in the reverse of their natural order. Said band above the tabulator keys devoted to billions is tinted purple; above the millions keys it is white; above the thousands keys it is reen; and so on, the last or decimal point key being marked red. The use of this device is obvious. In copying one of the numbers on the sheet 1 the operator instead of counting the digits in said number merely notes, for example, that the first digit occupies the position of lowest order, or the second position, as the case may be, in the purple column, and he will therefore, when copying this number tabulate the carriage by the use of the first key, or the second as the case may be, beneath the purple part of the band 6. In other words, without troubling himself at all about the number of digits he operates a key which bears the same position with relation to the colors in the band 6 that the digit itself does with relation to the colors in the columns on the paper from which he has copied them. The keys are preferably also marked with the initials of the various denominations so that if a number is notbeing copied from one of these sheets but is being copied from some other source, he can find the right key. \Vhen the number is thus Written, it will automatically come into its proper position on the paper, each digit on its appropriate color.

In the use of the Remington accounting machine, it is frequently necessary to copy numbers on to the paper from the totalizers, such as the totalizers 5 illustrated. Accordingly on each of said totalizers we place above a line of register wheels 7 a color band 8 colored to correspond with the color scheme on the sheet 1; that is to say, the decimal point and those wheels devoted to cents are marked red; the units, tens and hundreds, blue; the thousands green, etc. This scheme combines both with the ruled sheet and also with the tabulator keys. Where it is necessary to compare numbers in the totalizers with numbers on the sheet, the several digits should be in the same colored columns and in the same positions in said columns in the totalizer as on the gaper. When it is necessary to copy a num er from the totalizer on to the paper, the color mark on the totalizer instantly guides the operator to the right tabulator key 4.

What we claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

1. Equipment for handling numbers, comprising a calculatin machine and a record sheet, said record 5 eet having a group of vertical bands in different colors, each band being of a width to receive a period of three figures; and the reading line of -said calculating machine having the decimal orders marked in periods with colors corresponding with those of said record sheet.

2. Equipment for handling numbers, comprising a machine and a record sheet, said record sheet havi a grou of vertical bands in different o ls ors, each band being of a width to receive a period of three figures, and said machine having denominational ke s and period markin s for said keys in co ors correspondin with the period markings of the record s eet.

3. Equipment for handling numbers, comprising a machine and a record sheet, said record sheet having a grou of vertical bands in different colors, eac band being of a width to receive a period of three figures; and said machine having a denominational tabulator and period markings for said tabulator in colors corresponding to the period markings of the record sheet.

4. Equipment for handling numbers comprising a calculatin machine and a record sheet, said record sfieet having a group of vertical bands in different colors, each band being ofa width to receive a period of three figures; and said calculating machine h'avin its reading line marked 1n periods wit colors correspondin withrthose of said record sheet, and havln also denominational keys and period mar inis for said ke s in co ors corres onding to of the record sheet.

5 In a combined typewriting and calculating machine, the com ination of typewriting mechanism includin ta ulator mechanism, the eys of said tabue period mar ings denominational.

latin mechanism having their denominationafi values indicated by colors; and calculating mechanism including a totalizer having the denominational positions of its readin line correspondingly indicated by said co ors.

6. In a combined typewriting and calculating machine, the combination with typewriting mechanism including denominational tabulator mechanism and calculating mechanism including a totalizer, of a color band adjacent the sight opening of said totalizer and designating the denominational positions by colors, and another color band adjacent the tabulator keys and designating the denominational values of said keys b the same colors as in the case of the total men 7 A record sheet having a group of vertical bands in difl'erent colors, each band being of a width to receive a period of three figures, said sheet for use in a combined recording and calculating machine having period markings in corresponding colors, whereby the copying of numbers with said machine on or from said record sheet may be accomplished with greater facility' and accuracy.

Signed at the borough of Manhattan, cit of New York, in the county of New Yor and State of Newcember, A. D. 1921.

STEPHEN H. FARNHAM. ARTHUR F. POOLE. Witnesses:

CHARLES E. SMITH.

E. M. WELLs.

York, this 14th day of De-

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