US1481947A - Storage batteky - Google Patents
Storage batteky Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US1481947A US1481947A US1481947DA US1481947A US 1481947 A US1481947 A US 1481947A US 1481947D A US1481947D A US 1481947DA US 1481947 A US1481947 A US 1481947A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- hair
- scales
- wool
- storage
- batteky
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 210000004209 Hair Anatomy 0.000 description 32
- 210000002268 Wool Anatomy 0.000 description 20
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 18
- 241000269774 Lates Species 0.000 description 6
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 6
- 241000283898 Ovis Species 0.000 description 4
- 238000009953 carroting Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 4
- 150000002611 lead compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 235000002198 Annona diversifolia Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 241000370685 Arge Species 0.000 description 2
- 241000283690 Bos taurus Species 0.000 description 2
- 241000282836 Camelus dromedarius Species 0.000 description 2
- 241000282465 Canis Species 0.000 description 2
- 241000283707 Capra Species 0.000 description 2
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbonic acid Chemical compound OC(O)=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 241000499489 Castor canadensis Species 0.000 description 2
- 241001290594 Caustis Species 0.000 description 2
- 241000321369 Cephalopholis fulva Species 0.000 description 2
- 241000283073 Equus caballus Species 0.000 description 2
- 206010022114 Injury Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 241000282842 Lama glama Species 0.000 description 2
- 241000124008 Mammalia Species 0.000 description 2
- 235000011779 Menyanthes trifoliata Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 241000700110 Myocastor coypus Species 0.000 description 2
- 241000772415 Neovison vison Species 0.000 description 2
- 241000699700 Ondatra zibethicus Species 0.000 description 2
- 231100000614 Poison Toxicity 0.000 description 2
- 101710028061 SLC25A26 Proteins 0.000 description 2
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 241000251539 Vertebrata <Metazoa> Species 0.000 description 2
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011149 active material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001464 adherent Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009950 felting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000002730 mercury Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrate Chemical compound [O-][N+]([O-])=O NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920000136 polysorbate Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000010008 shearing Methods 0.000 description 2
- KEAYESYHFKHZAL-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium Chemical compound [Na] KEAYESYHFKHZAL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 description 2
- 241000894007 species Species 0.000 description 2
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L sulfate Chemical compound [O-]S([O-])(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 235000011149 sulphuric acid Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000001117 sulphuric acid Substances 0.000 description 2
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/62—Selection of inactive substances as ingredients for active masses, e.g. binders, fillers
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
Definitions
- a further object of the. invention which is substantially the corollary oi the foregoing, is the provision of a storage battery having a very great capacity per unit'of weight coupled witha-n extremely high discharge rate with a minimum of injury to the elements, whereby such uses as .the cranking of automobile en ines can be served with batteries of r'etuced weight, size, and expense; and additional objects arid advantages ofthe intention'will become apparent as the description proceeds.
- the lates are then pasted, set, assembled, forme and charged in the usual manner.
- the lates can be made thicker than usual, will s ow a very great capacity, high rate of charge and discharge, great overc arge capacity, freedom fromsulphating, great permanence of form, and no tendency to scale or disintegrate, while the proportion of active material to grid can be much increased.
- I do not limit yself to the use of any one chemical or process in the treatment or carroting of the hair, wool, or other raw material, and
- composition of matter for the plates of storage batteries consisting essentially of oxide 0 lead mixed with carroted hair.
- composition of matter for the lates of storage batteries consisting essentially of oxide of lead mixed with animal hair whose external scales have been opened outwardly but without complete removal.
- a late for a storage battery consisting essentia 1y of a lead compound impregnated with comminuted animal hair studded with outwardly projecting shriveled scales.
Description
Patented Jan. 29, 1924.
- UNITED STATES PATENT orri'ce. j
WILLIAM H. WOO D, OF SOUTH EUCLID OHIO s'ronAoE BATTERY. 7
R Drawing.
I plate than in the usual type of construction,
of the paste may thusienahling the use-of thicker plates; and wherein the breakin r out and disinte raltion he largely or e tirely avoided, and wherein the production ofla hard; impenetrable film of sulphate shall be rendered impossible. A further object of the. invention, which is substantially the corollary oi the foregoing, is the provision of a storage battery having a very great capacity per unit'of weight coupled witha-n extremely high discharge rate with a minimum of injury to the elements, whereby such uses as .the cranking of automobile en ines can be served with batteries of r'etuced weight, size, and expense; and additional objects arid advantages ofthe intention'will become apparent as the description proceeds. In my application filed March 31, 1920, Serial No. 370,319, [described a storagebattery of the lead type wherein the lead oitide was mixed with short fibers of pulled wool, this being a generic term for wool which has been loosened from the pelt by means of chemicals and thus removed by pulling. instead of by shearing as in the usual manncr: and when the chemical used is of an alkalinc naturc. such as causti soda or sodium sulphitc, a sccondary result of thc ('ln'mi al action is the solution and removal ol' many of the exterior scales with whi h each strand is covered. \Vool or other mammalian hair having these scales thereon in their original closely adherent position is cntirely'useless for this purpose from the fact that such scales are impenetrable and do not permit any access of the chictrol rte to the surrounding parts: but upon the removal or loosening of such scales, the desir d a tion can take pla e. each strand eervfnu' US it l ttle wick to place tlic interior pml'ioasoi the plate in communication with l e l-xtcrllor liquid.
Application filed November, 1920. SeriatNo. 425,828.
In my former application I p: irticularly sug sted the use of woolwhich had been pul ed by the use of the alkaline substances above mentioned, or other mammalian hair which was treated in a likemanncr for the 'removal or thorough loosening of the scales, although I did not restrict. myselfto "such chemicals and alsorecommendetl the use of other wooimaterial's, such felters waste, and pointed out that it was not necessaryto iremove all the scales. and tlisitfoh'l and fi ie? i used wool wherein the ca'les haid -been argely broken away by mechanicali-fl j" quentl abrasion required little or no chemical treatment before use. p y Y I have discovered that mammalian hair for use in battery plates than wool whose felters waste iii" felters wool, if properly prepared or other prepared "1 a similar manner, 15 even better from some points of view that is, treated for a time with an astringent substance which shrivels the 'scalcs'ilfitl causes them to become curled away frointhe sharp prongs which lu-come interlockedf so tightly together when the product isfmatted 1 and compressed into sheets as to he practi cally untearahle. In the'bcst felts this carroting is effected by the use of incr- .curic nitrate, and the most fastidious manufacturers secure their raw material in pelt form and submlt the entire pelt. to the actlon of the mercuric salt which soon loosens 'the hair'so that it is removed by pulling and is therefore. entitled to he (dllttl pulled.
wool. Others srcurc. their raw product. in sheared form and treat it. subsequently to its removal from the p ll. and use other chemicals for up urling tlu' scales to avoid the expensive and poisonous mercury salt, By whatever process it he prepared, the
the necessary contact between the active inatcrial and the pcrvious core of the hair, While thc interlocking of the scales with such actiw material binds the samc together ulore tigthly than is possible in the absence of thusscales. The corc of such hair is highly cla tic and yiclds without breaking to the expansion and contra tion of the active um- -s:hrivelin; and curling of the scales enables bilit of l I do hair of the excessively Ill tween the paste battery plates.
terial, while, being insoluble in sulphuric acid of, any strength which is used in batteries, it reduces porosity without possieterioration. not restrict myself to the use ofqwool from the sheep or goat, or any other hair customarily used in the arts such as that of the camel, llama, beaver, mink, muskrat, coney, or coy u, but may equally employ the orse, ox, do or man, all of which are composed of t e same essential substances arranged in the same manner and are intended to be covered hereby.
However, I do not advocate the use of fine hairs, partly for the reason that their smallness interferes with their wick-action, and partly forthe reasonthat the closeness with which their scales are setrenders it diflicult to secure close contact be and core. I prefer the moderate] coarse hair of the equine, bovine, canine or umen species, but do not restrict m if thereto since common sheeps wool w en roperl treated serves excellently, and I efine t e word hair in my claims as including the epidermoid outgrowths of vertebrate terrestrial mammals.
it is not im ortant to my invention who it is that origmally treats the wool or hair or for what uses it me. have been'de signed or emplo ed before eing made into t is the same thing so far as my invention is concerned whether fresh and iinworked worsted is treated in this way for t is primary purpose or whether material is employed which was primarily deai ed for felting or even made into felt and a V rward disintegrated. As an example of my invention I take. wool or nutria which has been carroted in any customary manner for felters use, chop it to a fiber len th of one-eighth inch (more or less) an mix the same in roper proportion with the lead compound F cent, more or less by weight). The lates are then pasted, set, assembled, forme and charged in the usual manner. The lates can be made thicker than usual, will s ow a very great capacity, high rate of charge and discharge, great overc arge capacity, freedom fromsulphating, great permanence of form, and no tendency to scale or disintegrate, while the proportion of active material to grid can be much increased. I It will be understood that I do" not limit yself to the use of any one chemical or process in the treatment or carroting of the hair, wool, or other raw material, and
for example th of one per generally that I ascribe to my claims the broadest meanin that their terms will bear, reference being lied to the definitions hercinbefore contained.
Having thus described my invention, what I claim is:
1. A composition of matter for the plates of storage batteries consisting essentially of oxide 0 lead mixed with carroted hair.
2. A composition of matter for the lates of storage batteries consisting essentially of oxide of lead mixed with animal hair whose external scales have been opened outwardly but without complete removal.
3. A late for a storage battery consisting essentia 1y of a lead compound impregnated with comminuted animal hair studded with outwardly projecting shriveled scales.
In testimony whereof, I hereunto allix my signature.
WILLIAM H. W001).
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
US1481947A true US1481947A (en) | 1924-01-29 |
Family
ID=3405942
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US1481947D Expired - Lifetime US1481947A (en) | Storage batteky |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US1481947A (en) |
-
0
- US US1481947D patent/US1481947A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
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