US1478929A

US1478929A - Combination compressor and vacuum pump

Info

Publication number: US1478929A
Application number: US568177A
Authority: US
Inventors: Charles M Tursky
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1922-06-14
Filing date: 1922-06-14
Publication date: 1923-12-25
Anticipated expiration: 1940-12-25

Description

Dec 25, 1923. 11,478,929

c. M. TURSKY COMBINATION COMPRESSOR AND VACUUM PUMP Filed June 14. 1922 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 J 6 a5 w 0 "lZ6 0 3; 0g 5 M 6 I '55 54 40,69 45 58 .9 &2; 2 7 5 5; 65 566 65d 3 62 44 I 20 A 5 v WZ II. 47

ATTORNEYS Dec 25, 1923. 1,478329 c. M. TURSKY COMBINATION COMPRESSOR AND VACUUM PUMP Filed June 14. 1922 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 Patented 25, 1923.

Mrs!) STATES CHARLES M. TURSKY, OF NEW YORK, N. Y.

COMBINATIONCOMPRESSOR ANlD VACUUM PUMP.

Application filed June 14, 1922. Serial No. 568,177.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that 1, CHARLES M. TURSKY, a citizen of the United States of America, and a resident of the city of New York, borough of the Bronx, in the county of Bronx and State of New York, have invented a new and Improved Combination v Compressor and Vacuum Pump, of which the following is a description.

My invention relates to an apparatus adapted to function either as a compressor or as a vacuum pump and more particularly is intended to convert into a combination compressor and vacuum pump the general organism forming the subject matter of United States Letters Patent Number 1,371,824, granted to me March 15, 1921.

More specifically, the invention has' in view to provide a construction reflecting practical considerations with respect to the simplicity of the means for converting the apparatus to perform the compressing or pumping function as well as to improve the lubricating means entering into my patented assemblage referred to.

The nature of my present invention and its distinguishing features and advantages will clearly appear as the description proceeds.

Reference is to be had to the accompanying drawings forming a part of this specification, it being understood that the drawings are merely illustrative of one example of the invention.

Figure 1 is a central vertical section of a combined compressor and vacuum pump embodying my invention, showing the assemblage arranged to function as a vacuum Figure 2 is a plan view thereof;

Figure 3 is a view similar to Figure 2 but showing the machine after a movement of the plunger connection through an angle of 90 in the position of Figure 2;

Figure 4 is a transverse vertical section on the line 4-4, Figure 3;

Figures 5 and 6 are transverse vertical sections respectively on the lines 5-5 and 66, Figure 1;

Figure 7 is a view similar to Figure 5 but showing the plunger and an air valve appurtenant thereto in different relative positions from those shown in F1gure 5;

Figure 8 is a detail in longitudinal section as indicated by the line 88 of Figure 7;

Figure 9 is a detail in longitudinal verti cal section at the opposite end of the plunger from Figure 8, the view showing the reversal of the valve for converting the apparatus from a vacuum pump assemblage as in Figure 1 into a compressor;

Figure 10 is a cross section on the line 10-10, Figure 1;

F i ure 11 is a View similar to Figure 10 but s owing the valve of said finger in different position;

Figure 12 is a cross section as indicated by the line 1212, Figure 9.

In carrying out my invention in accord ance with the illustrated example a base or frame 15 is provided of cup shape having a horizontal bearing 16 which receives a tubular drive shaft 17 equipped in practice 'by any suitable means (not shown) for driving the same. Rigid with the hollow drive shaft 17 is a wheel 18 within the cylindrical rim flange or side walls 19 of which is a cover 20 turning therewith, said cover having a driven fit in the walls 19 or otherwise arranged to turn therewith. Said cover 20 is secured also by an axial screw 21 to a solid shaft 22 within the shaft 17 and secured to the latter by a key 23 or the like.

Standards 24 integral with the cupshaped frame 15 rising therefrom receive respectively a horizontal fixed cylinder 25 and a diametricall opposite horizontal fixed cylinder 26.

hollow plungers

28, 29 operating in the

respective cylinders

25, 26 and rigid with each other. The one cylinder 25 has a nipple 30 on the head thereof to constitute an inlet for air when the apparatus is operated as a vacuum pump or for the outlet of air when compressing. The inner end 32 of the cylinder 26 or that end disposed toward the plane of the axis of drive wheel 18 is open for the free flow of air to or from the atmosphere and communication is established between the open end 32 and the interior of the hollow plunger 29 by means hereinafter described.

lVithin the reduced end 31 of cylinder 25 which is provided with the nipple 30 a fitting 33 is provided and securely clamped in position by the reduced end or head 31 of the cylinder 25. A guide pin 34 square in cross section is rigid with the fitting 33 and is disposed axially in the cylinder 25, said rod extending through the cap 35 on the plunger head 36 operating in the cylfloating piston 27 has inder, said cap controlling the flow of air to or from hollow plunger 28 as hereinafter explained.

In the opposite cylinder 26 is disposed axially a square guide pin 37 threaded at its outer end to engage the adjacent cylinder head. Said pin passes through a valve cap 38 on the plunger head 39 of plunger 29 and is provided with an elongated integral housing' 40 for said pin 37. The cap 38 constitutes a valve similar to the cap 35 as herein- :after explained.

The drive connection between the drive wheel 18 and the floating piston 27 is generally the same as in my afore-mentioned patent essentially com rising a cylinder 41 having an axis offset om the axis of said wheel and rigid with the floating piston 27 central of the latter and perpendicular to the reciprocating path of movement of the piston. In the cylinder. 41 operates an oil piston42 having a ball head 43 rockable in the bearing 44 as a socket, said bearing beingprovided on the rigid cover 20 of wheel 18 and off center thereon so that the ball head will be carried through a circular path with the turning of the wheel 18.

It is to be understood that the turning of the drive wheel 18 and the consequent movement of the ball head 33 in a circular path about the axis of said wheel will cause a turning of the piston 27, back and forth about the axis of the piston and results in a reciprocating movement of the piston 42 in the cylinder 41. Thus, as stated in my patent above referred to a complete revolution of the drive wheel 18 will cause a complete forward or return stroke of the float piston 27, that is to say, said drive wheel in turning through 180 will effect a complete forward or backward stroke of each plunger head 39 in

therespective cylinders

25, 26. Atthe same time the oil pump piston 42 will make a complete suction and discharge stroke or a forward and return stroke by a turning of the drive wheel 20 through 180, the oil suction stroke being completed in and the discharge stroke in the next 90 in the turning of the drive wheel 18. Thus, the drive wheel 18 when turned from the position shown in Figures 1 and 2 to the position shown in Figures 3 and 4 will have given half a fo ward stroke to the plunger heads 36 39 and the remaining half of said stroke will be completed in the next 90 movement of drive wheel 20.

The cap 35 onthe plunger head 36 has ports 45 parallel or approximately so with the axis of the plunger head, said ports being adapted to be placed in communication or out of communication with ports 46 in plunger head 36 parallel with the axis thereof or approximately so and leading to the hollow interior of the plunger 28.

In the reciprocating of the plunger28 and the rocking of the same about its own axis the cap 35 will be held against turning ,to. The cap 35 is held to the plunger head 36 by a flanged threaded ring 47 on said plungerhead.

The floating piston 27 is chambered at the center as at 48 about the cylinder 41 for the free passage of air from one plunger head 28 to the other 29 or vice versa.

The plunger head 39 operating in cylinder 26 has oblique air ports 49 inclining laterally inward from the inner end of the plunger head 39 to the valve cap 38, that is to say, the ports 49 in approaching the cap cline toward the axis of the plunger-head 30 and at their outer ends said ports 49 are adapted to be brought into or out of register with ports 50 formed in the cap 38 and disposed about the axis of said cap approximately parallel with said axis. The cap 38 is secured by a flange threaded ring 51 on the plunger head 39 and said cap 38 is held from turning about its own axis with the turning movement of the plunger 29 by reason of the engagement of said cap 38 with the square guide pin 37. Additional longitudinal ports 52 are formed'in the plunger head 39 and run obliquely inclining in the opposite direction from the inclination of the ports 49, so that said ports 52 incline from the plane of the ports 50 toward the axis of the plunger head 39. The ports 52 are adapted to be brought into or out of register at their outer ends with the interior of the hollow plunger 29, whereas the oppositely inclined ports 49 communicate with the in terior of the cylinder 26 outside of plunger 29 and are therefore in communication with the atmosphere through the open end 32 of the cylinder 26.

The cap or head 53 of the cylinder 41 of the oil pump is preferably of glass or other transparent material by which the circula tion may be observed and said cap is secured movement of the head 43 due to the turning of the wheel 18 aboutits own axis. Also, formed in the cover 20 in the wheel 18 is an axial port 57 in register with an axial port 58 in thebearing 44 and adapted like ports 55, 56 to be brought intermittently into register with the axial oil passage 54 of piston 42. At the outer end ofthe cyl- ,rin

inder 41 adjacent to the cap 53 radial oil ports 59 are formed in the cylinder 41 and communicate with an oil groove 59 formed in the cylinder 41 at the exterior, that is to say between the outer surface of said cylinder 41 and the inner surface of the flange 53*. From the oil groove 59 there lea oil passages 60 longitudinally in the walls of the

plungeis

28, 29 respectively to points in the planes of the

plunger heads

36, 39. From the outer ends of the longitudinal oil passages 60 extend passages 61 (see Figure 6) radially outward to and in the plane of annular oil grooves 62 formed respectively in the

plunger heads

36, 39, for applying the lubricant to the cylinder walls.

Within the fitting 33 of cylinder 25 is a valve body or shell 63 of cup shape, one end being open for the free admission of air and the other having an axial air passage 63 A valve 64 advantageously cupshaped and rounded at its seating end has external ribs 64, the spaces between which afford passage for air about the valve. Valve 64 is adapted to seat on the valve body 63 at the axial passage 63* to control the flow of air to said passage, and said valve is adapted to pass air through the valve body 63 and to or from air ports 65 in the fitting 33 approximately parallel with the axis thereof so that communication is established between the nipple 30 and the cylinder 25 through thevvalve body 63 and ports 65.

In Figure l the valve 64 is disposed with its closed end toward the nipple 30, the assemblage functioning as a vacuum pump. In Figure 9 the valve 64, it will be observed, is reversed or turned end to end as is also the valve body 63, so that the axial air passage 63 of valve body 63 is adjacent to the ports 65, instead of being adjacent to the nipple 30 as in Figure 1. With the turning of the drive wheel 18 the floating piston 27 and its

plungers

28, 29 will be reciprocated and will have a rocking movement about the axis of said piston through the connection afforded by the oil pump piston 42 and cylinder 41 as previously referred to. With the said movements of the plunger 28 as the plunger rocks about its own axis the ports 45 will be brought intermittently into and out of register with the ports 46 to pass the admitted air to the cylinder 25. With the suction stroke of the plunger 36 the valve 64 will open and pass air through the ports 65 to the interior of cylinder 25 in front of plunger 36. At this time the relative movements of the cap 35 and plunger head 36 will have disposed

ports

45, 46 out of register.

Prior to the outward or forward stroke of the plunger head 36 as described and the intake of air at the interior of both plungers, the rocking of the plunger 29 simultaneously with the plunger 28 will have brought the

ports

50 and 52 into register with each other. In the continued movement of the drive wheel 18 through a revolu tion' the floating piston 27 will be so rocked as to bring the ports 46 into register with the ports 45, so that as plunger head 36 moves outwardly air will pass through the

hollow plungers

28, 29 and through

ports

52, 50 to the front of the plunger head 39. Finally, the rocking of the plunger 29 will take the

ports

50, 52 out of register, and will have brought the

ports

49, 50 into register so that upon the forward or outward stroke of the plunger head 39 the air in front of the said plunger 39 and in front of its cap 38 will pass through the

ports

50, 49 to the open end 32 of the cylinder 26 and to the atmosphere.

To convert the apparatus from a vacuum pump assemblage as shown in Figure 1 to I a compressor assemblage as in Figure 9, the

cylinders

25, 26 areturned through 60 to reverse the relation of the ports in the

heads

36, 39 and

plungers

28, 29 and in the plunger caps 35, 38 and the valve 64 is reversed from the position shown in Figure 1 to the position shown in Figure 9.

With the valve 64 reversed as in Figure 9 a stroke of the plunger 29 to the right will draw in air through the open end 32 of cylinder 26 through the

ports

49, 50 to the front of the plunger 29 and in front of its cap 38 and upon the return stroke of the plunger 29 outwardly the plunger will have so turned about its own axis as to take the ports 49 out of register with the ports 50 and will have brought ports 50 into register with the ports 52 to pass the air to the interior of the plunger 29' during the outward stroke of said plunger. In the meantime on said outward stroke of the plunger 29 the ports 46 will be brought into register with the ports 45 to pass the air taken into the plungers, through said

ports

45, 46 to the front of the plunger head 36 at the right so that upon the next outward stroke of said plunger head 36, the

ports

45, 46 will be placed out of register so that the air in front of the said plunger head 36 will be forcedoutwardly, past the valve 64 at the exterior thereof, to the nipple 30 to be conducted to'another .point of de livery of compressed air. Thus, there will be a two-stage compression, the first, in passing from in front of the plunger head 39 to the interior of the

plungers

28, 29 and secondly, in being forced from the cylinder 25 by plunger head 36 to the nipple 30. During a half revolution of the drive wheel 18 the oil piston 42 will have made a complete forward and backward stroke in the cylinder 41. In the downward stroke of the piston 42 and the moving of said piston away from the cylinder cap 53,-sucti0n will be produced in front of the piston 42, thereby producing a suction in front of the piston and causing oil to flow from the cup afforded by the wheel 18 through ports 57, 58 and into passage 54 and to the front of the piston, so that upon the upward stroke of the piston 42 toward the cylinder cap 53, the port 58 will be out of register with the axial passage 54 and oil will be forced through the ports 59, groove 59, passage 60, port 61 and groove 62, to the walls of the

cylinders

25, 26. As the piston 42 is given an angular movement in its bearing 44 during the turning of the wheel 18 and the reciprocation of the piston 42, the ports 55, 56 will be brought into register with the axial passage 54 of the piston so that in the final upward stroke of said piston toward the cylinder cap the oil can return to the wheel 18. It is to be understood that the cap valves 35 and 38 are adjustable to accord with the position of the reversing valve for compressing or pumpmg.

The numeral 66 indicates a screw plug closing an oil filling hole in cap 20 for charging cupped wheel 18 with oil.

I would state in conclusion that while the illustrated example constitutes a practical embodiment of my invention, I do not limit myself strictly to the exact details herein illustrated, since, manifestly, the same can be considerably varied without departure from the spirit of the invention as defined in the appended claims. For example, a plurality of cylinder and piston assemblages may be employed.

Having thus described my invention, I claim:

1. An apparatus of the class described including oppositely disposed cylinders each having an air opening, a floating. piston having plunger heads operating in said cylinders, said piston affording a flow of air therethrough between the cylinders and in communication with the cylinders through said plunger heads, valve means on and travelling with said plunger heads and controlling the flow of air therethrough, and means to operate said valve means of. the respective plunger heads during the operation of the piston to cause air to be taken into one cylinder and pass through said piston and to air opening of the other cylinder. v

2. An apparatus of the class described including oppositely disposed cylinders, each having an air opening, a floating piston having plunger heads operating in said cylinders, said piston affording a flow of air therethrough between the cylinders and in communication with the cylinders through said plunger heads, valve means on and travelling with said plunger heads and controlling the flow of air therethrough, and means to reciprocate said piston and cause a rocking thereof about its own axis asit reciprocates,

said valve means opening and closing by the turning of said piston.

3. An apparatus of the class described including oppositely disposed cylinders each having an an opening, a floating piston having plunger heads operating in said cylinders, said piston affording a flow of air therethrough and in communication with said cylinders through said plunger heads, valve means to control the flow of air through said piston, and means to reciprocate said piston and to cause a turning movement thereto about its own axis as it reciprocates, said valve means being subject to the turning movement of said piston.

4. An apparatus of the class described including oppositely disposed cylinders each having an air opening, a floating piston having p unger heads operating in said cylinders, means to actuate said piston in said cylinders and to oscillate the piston on its own axis, said piston afi'ording a flow of air therethrough and in communication with said cylinders through said plunger heads, and valve means to control the flow of air through said piston, said valve means operable by the oscillation of the piston.

5. An apparatus of the class described including oppositely disposed cylinders each having an air opening, a floating piston having plunger heads operating in said cylinders, said piston affording a flow of air therethrough between the cylindersand in communication with the cylinders through said plunger heads, valve means on and trav elling with said plunger heads and controlling the flow of air therethrough, a drive element, an off-center drive connection between said drive element and the piston between the plunger heads, and valve means subject to the movements of the piston to controlthe passage of air to and from the piston.

6. An apparatus of the class described including oppositely disposed cylinders each having an air opening, a floating piston having plunger heads 0 crating in said cylinders, said iston a ording a flow of air therethroug from one cylinderto another, valve means carried by the plunger heads, a drive element, connection between said drive element and said piston to reciprocate the latter and to turn the same about its own axis in reciprocating, and means to hold the valve means against turning while the piston turns for opening and closing the respective valves to cause air to be taken into a cylinder in front of the plunger head therein and to then pass the air through the piston to the other cylinder for expulsion upon the succeeding stroke of the plunger head in said last-mentioned cylinder.

7. An apparatus of the class described including oppositely disposed cylinders each having an air opening, a floating piston having plunger heads operating in said cylindcrs, said piston affording a flow of air therethrough between the cylinders and in communication with the cylinders through said plunger heads, non-turnable valves carried by the plunger heads, and means to reciprocate said plungers and to turn the same relatively to said valves in reciprocating.

8. A convertible air compressor and vacuum pump including oppositely disposed cylinders each having an air opening adapted to be optionally constituted an air inlet or an air discharge, a floating piston afl'ording passage of air therethrough, from either one of the cylinders to the other, a reversible valve controlling the air opening of one cylinder for a compressing or a pumping operation, means to actuate said plston, and, valve means on the lungers to control the admission of air to t 6 piston from a cylinder and its discharge to the other cylinder, said valve means on the plungers being subject to the movements of the piston and ad ustable to accord with the position of the reversible valve.

9. An apparatus of the class described including cylinders each having an opening for air. a hollow piston having plunger heads operating in said cylinders and adapted to compress air or to operate as a vacuum pump, air valves opening and closing by the movement of the piston to pass air through the latter and adjustable to accord with the compressing or pumping action, and an optionally reversible valve in the air opening of one cylinder, the disposition of said valve serving to cause the piston and cylinders to compress or to functlon as a vacuum pump.

10. An apparatus of the class described including o ositely disposed cylinders, a floating hollliw piston having plunger heads operating in the respective cylinders, means to reciprocate said piston and impart turning movement thereto about its own axis,

ing plunger heads operating in said cylinvalve caps on the plunger heads controlling the passage of air therethrough, and means to hold said caps against turning with the turning of the piston for permitting or cut ting ofi the flow of air through the plunger heads. 1

11. An apparatus of the class described including oppositely disposed cylinders each having an air opening, a floating piston havders and affording passage of air between the cylinders, means to reciprocate said piston and impart turnlng movement thereto, a

- valve on one plunger head held against turning, the last-mentioned plunger head and its said valve having air ports alternately brought into and out of register by the turning of said plunger head, and a valve on the other plunger head held agamst turnmg, said last-mentioned valve having a1r ports and the last-mentioned plunger having longitudinal ports leading respectively from the interior of the ad acent cylinder to the ports of said last-mentioned valve and from the interior of the piston to said ports of said last-mentioned valve, the respective ports of the last-mentioned plunger being subject to the turning of the piston to alternately register with the portsof the adjacent valve. i a

12. An apparatus of the class described including a floating hollow piston affording a passage therethrough for air, operating means to reciprocate said piston and to turn the same about its own axis, means to cause air to be drawn into said piston at one end by the reciprocating movements of the-piston, and valve means to control the discharge of air from the opposite end of the piston, said valve means subject to the turning movements of the piston.

13. An apparatus of the class described including a floating hollow piston affording a passage therethrough for air, valve means at an end of said piston adjustable to permit flow of air to or from the piston, and means at the opposite end of the piston to control flow of air to or from the piston.

14. An apparatus of the class described including a floating hollow piston affording a passage therethrough for air, valve means at an end of said piston adjustable to permit .fiow of air to or from the piston, and valve means at the opposite end of the piston to control the flow of air to or from the piston to accord with the air movements at the'first-mentioned end.

15. An apparatus of the class described including a floating hollow piston afiording a passage therethrough for air, valve means at an end of said piston adjustable to permit flow of air to or from the piston, and means remote from said valve means to pass air to or from the interior of the piston to accord with the flow of air through said valve means.

16. An apparatus of the class described including a piston affording a passage therethrough for air, means to reciprocate said piston and to turn the same about its own axis, a plunger on said piston, a cylinder in which said plunger operates, valve means on said plunger subject to the movement of said piston for the opening and closing of said valve means, said valve means being variable to pass air to or from the piston and to or from said cylinder, and air controlling'means remote from said valve means and variable to control the flow of air to accord with the adjustment and operation of said valve means.

17. An apparatus of the class described including oppositely disposed cylinders each having an air opening, a floating piston having plunger heads operating in said cylinders, said piston affording a flow of air therethrough between the cylinders and in communication with the cylinders through said plunger heads, valve means on and travelling with said plunger heads and controlling the flow of air therethrough, a drive element, an off-center drive c0nnection betwen said drive element and the piston between the plunger heads, and valve means subject to the movements of the piston to control the passage of air to and from the piston, said drive connection consistin of a lubricating pump comprising an oi cylinder in communication with the firstmentioned cylinders to direct oil thereto, a piston operating-in the oil cylinder, said piston having an oil passage in communication with the oil cylinder, an oil container, means to afford flow of oil from said container to said piston passage, and means to afford flow of oil from said piston passage to the 'oil container, said piston adapted to alternately take oil from the container and .return oil thereto by the turning of said drive element.

18. An apparatus of the class described including oppositely disposed cylinders,each having an air opening adapted to be optionally constituted an air inlet or an air discharge, a floating piston having plungers operating in said cylinders and afl'o'rding passage of air therethrough from either one of the cylinders to the other, a reversible valve controlling the air opening of one cylinder for compressing or pumping operation, according to the position of said valve, and valve means controlling the flow of an through said piston and adjustable to ac cord with the position of the reversible between the cylinders, and mechanically operated discharge and inlet alVQS for the low and high pressure cylinders respectively.

20. An apparatus of the class described including oppositely disposed cylinders, each having an air opening, a floating tubular piston having plunger heads in said cylinders and adapted to establish communication between the cylinders, a discharge valve from the low pressure cylinder and a mechanically operated inlet valve to the high pressure cylinder.

21. An apparatus of the class described including oppositely disposed cylinders, each having an air opening, a floating tubular piston having plunger heads in said cylinders and adapted to establish communication betwen the cylinders, a mechanically operated discharge valve from one of said cylinders and an automatic inlet valve to another of said cylinders.

CHARLES M. TURSKY.