US1475194A - Burner for furnaces - Google Patents

Description

2 Sheets-Sheet 2 FIG .5;

W. A. MORTON BURNER FOR FURNACES Filed Jan. 6, .1922

Nov. 27 1923.

Patented Nov. 2?, 192a.

, H E S A T PAENT OFFIE.

WILLIAM A. MORTON, PITTSBURGH, PENNSYLVANIA.

BURNER ron FURNACES.

Application filed January 6, 1922. Serial No. 527,319.

This invention relates to a burner designed for use in connection with large commercial furnaces, particularly glass furnaces and open hearth furnaces, but more especially applicable to the former.

In heating furnaces of this type, gas

either'producer or natural, is mixed with preheated air and the burning mixture blows across the area to be heated It is desired thatthe proportion of air and gas in the mixture remain as constant as possible and that an even distribution of the air and gas into the mixer of the burner be provided. It is furthermore desired that the burner opening, as Well as the gas and-air supply'openings into the burner be rectangular in order that the flame may pass over and through the furnace in a thin flat sheet. The efiiciency of the burner is increased with the width of the sheet of flame which it produces, especially'where a single furnace contains many burners, and the results are.

. also better.

, have been relatively small and in the shape of an arch. Consequently, there had to be a greater number of burners, and because of their construction, they had to be a substantial distance apart, and even and efiicient' -hcat1n over a considerable part of the surface of the molten glass could not be effected.

The'present invention has for its principal objects to provide a burner having rectangular gas and air ports and burner ports capable of having a relatively great width, so that a flame covering a large area may be obtained, and in all parts of which the gas and air will be in substantially equal proportions.

' burner and mixer.

Further objects are to pro vide a burner having an improved design and having certain parts thereof replaceable and adjustable to compensate for the burning away of some parts thereof.

My invention may be understood by ref erence to the accompanying drawings, in which: i

Fig. lis a somewhat diagrammatical vertical longitudinal section through a glass furnace equipped with burners constructed in accordance with my invention;

Fig. 2 shows a side elevation of the burner;

Fig. 3 represents a vertical longitudinal section through the burner; and a Fig. 4 shows a vertical transverse section in the plane of line IV--IV of Fig. 3.

In the drawings, 5 indicates the side walls of a glass furnace, 6 are the ends, 7 is. the curved arched top therefor, and 8 represents the bottom of the glass receptacle or pot. Vertical buck-stays 9 are provided at intervals along the sides for supporting the sides of .the furnace and sustaining the arch.

At suitable points, preferably as close together as possible, in the side walls 5 are the burner ports 10. These ports aresin the form of horizontally disposed rectangular openings. Their position is determined and their .length limited by the intervening buckstays, which are necessary at certain intervals.

Arranged back of each opening 10 is the The burner includes a vertical back wall 11 of refractory material. At 12 is a peep-hole. Extending from the rear wall to the side wall 5 is a top comprising a horizontal area or portion 13 and an inclined portion 14, the inner face of which terminates flush with the upper wall of port 10. The top preferably formed of refractory block 15 is suspended from I- beam 16. The inner'face thereof is fiat in cross section, as shown in Fig. 4.

Disposed between the furnace wall 5 and. the back wall 11, is a vertical wall 17 which terminates considerably below the top of wall 11. At the front of wall 17 are vertical frame members 18 having lateral ex"-' brackets 22 and 23. Bracket 22 suppor s a transverse l-beam 24 parallel with beam 20. Supported across I- beams 20 and 24 are parallel beams 25. Supported on brackets 23 are transverse beams 26. p

A hearth 27 of refractory material has its outer end sup-ported on beams 25 and its inner end carried on beams 26, as clearly shown in Fig. 3. The inner end of the bottom or hearth member extends through and forms the lower face of port 10. By adjustment of bolts 21 to raise or lower beam 20, the outer end of the hearth 27 may be raised and lowered, for a purpose hereinafter set forth.

Located between the Vertical walls 11 and 17 and preferably nearer to wall 17, is a third vertical wall 30. This provides two vertical passageways 31 and 32. Side walls for the burner are indicated at 33.

Having one end thereof resting on the vertical wall 30 and supported between the sides 33, is a flat arch, indicated generally at 34:. The fiat arch is disposed in substantially a horizontal plane, but inclines downwardly at aslight angle toward its free end. This provides horizontally extending passages 31 and 32 connecting with vertical passages 31 and 32, respectively. The ports formed at the ends of passages 31 and 32, where the two merge into a common passage 35, are rectangular in. shape. The length of the rectangular ports is substantially the same as that of the width of the horizontal arch.

Passage 31-31 is for air which is preheated by well known means, such as checkerwork brick (not shown). Passage 32-32 is for fuel gas which may be supplied from a suitable producer (not shown). The gas emerges from passageway 32 into passage 35 in the form of a flat or rectangular stream and the air comes down upon the gas in a similar stream. The two form a combustible mixture which flows from port 10 in a relatively wide, thin, fiat stream and across the interior of the furnace. Inasmuch as the streams of air and gas are of similar shape, the air and gas will be mixed in substantially equal parts at any point in the width of the stream of combustible mixture. ideal flame for glass work is thus obtained.

The flat arch 34: is preferably formed of a plurality of sections 36 extending across the width of the arch. Each section is composed of a plurality of refractory material and which are of the necessary shape to provide a so-called flat arch construction.

On the outer face of the side walls 33 are parallel structural bars 10 and extending vertically between these cross bars arepairs of plates 41. There is a pair of such plates for each section in the flat arch.' The plates have bosses 42 thereon through which extend threaded rods 43. The inner ends of the threaded rods engage inbosses 44 on plates a5: These plates, in turn, bear ers against angle irons 46 at the bottom and top of the end blocks of the sections of the arch. Each end block in each section has a pair of such angle bars. By turning the threaded rods 43,pressure may be transmitted through plates 45 and angle irons 46 to the row of refractory blocks forming each section, to hold them in compression to sustain the formation of the flat arch. i

Threaded in upper and lower lugs 47 and 47 are rods or bolts 48 and 48' respectively. The inner ends of these rods bear against the horizontal surfaces of angle irons 46. There are two upper bolts 48 and two lower bolts- 48 for each section in the flat arch. By adjustment of these bolts, each section of the arch may be raised or lowered independently of the others.

A; loose or removable filling 49 (shown in Fig. 4) is inserted above and below the flat arch in the intervening space between the arch and the walls of the opening in the side walls 30. As adjustment of the arch is only made at long periods and can easily be removed and replaced, it constitutes no serious obstruction to making adjustments when necessary.

Each section .of the arch may have a water or air cooling pipe 50 extending therethrough, as clearly shown in Fig. 4:. Some means of cooling is more or less necessary for the protection of the fiat arch against the intense heat.

A burner constructed substantially in accordance herewith provides many advantages. The side walls 33 need have little or no reater thickness than the walls of burneretofore common in the art, and they may have an opening of a width as great as the positioning of the buclcstays will permit. A greater surface of the glass may accordingly be covered by the flame than with the narrow burner heretofore used, and an even mixture of the gas and air will be maintained by the burner.

By having the flat arch composed of sections, disintegration due to intense heat and more or less vibration is stayed, and the arch will not break down so quickly. The provision of adjustable means for compressing the block in each section enables proper is used as fuel. p 'Var1ous changes and modifications may A furnace provided with this type of burner has been shown to be more efficient than those heretofore used. Great importance is, therefore, attachedto the invention, owing to the corresponding saving of fuel which it effects. This is especially true where producer gas from bituminous coal be made in the construction within the cona templation of my invention" and within the scope of the appended claims.

What I claim is:

1. The combination with a furnace having a wall therein, which wall is provided with a relatively long horizontally disposed rectangular port, of a burner disposed at the rear of the port outside the furnace, said burner including gas and air supply passages, and a transversely rectangular passage leading from the air-and gas supply passages to the port, said air and gas supply passages terminating in said transversely rectangular passage a substantial distance back from the port, the air and gas passages also being rectangular at the point of juncture with the said rectangular passage.

2. The combination with a furnace having side walls and a top, vertical stays spaced apart from each other along the sides of the furnace, of a burner between each of said stays having a rectangular burner opening iwhich passes through a side wall of the furnace and extends throughout the greater portion of the distance between the stays. I

3. The combination with a furnace having side walls and a top, vertical stays .s aced apart from each other along the sides of the furnace, of a burner disposed between each pair of stays of a width substantially co-extensive with the distance between the stays, each burner having a rectangular burner port in a side wall of the furnace and which is of a length slightly less than the distance between the stays.

4. The combination with a furnace having sidewalls and a top, vertical stays spaced apart from each other along the sides of the furnace, of a burnerdisposed between each pair of stays ing side walls and a top, of a burner associated therewith, said burner having a rectangular burner port opening into the furnace, a transversely rectangular passageway in the 'burner for conducting the combustible mixture to said port, and gas and air supply means in the burner having rectangular openingsswhich open into the rectangular passageway,whereby a relatively thin fiat flame having a substantially uniform mixture of gases may be projected across the furnace.

6. The combination with a furnace having a side wall in which is a horizontally disposed substantially rectangular burner port, of a burner including a top, bottom, and side walls, and means for adjusting the bottom wall vertically.

7. The combination with a furnace havinga side wall in which is a horizontally disposed substantially rectangular burner port, of a burner including top, bottom and side walls, a horizontally extending tition between the top and bottom walls, and means for effecting a vertical adjustment of the partition.

8. The combination with a furnacehaving a side wall in which is a horizontally disposed substantially rectangular burner port, of a burner including top, bottom, and side walls, a horizontally extending partition between the top and bottom walls, means for effecting a vertical adjustment of the partition, and means for effecting a vertical adj ustment of the bottom wall.

9. The combination with a furnace having a sidewall in which is a horizontally disposed substantially rectangular burner port, of a burner including top, bottom, and side walls, a horizontally extending partition between the top and bottom walls, means for effecting a vertical adjustment of the partition, and means for effecting a vertical adjustment of that portion of the bottom wall beneath said partition.

10. A burner for furnaces havinga side wall in which is a horizontal substantially rectangular burner port, said burner including a horizontally extending bottom memher having its inner end terminating at the said burner port, a top spaced above the bottom and having its inner face inclined downwardly toward said port where it terminates, a substantially flat horizontally extending partition spaced between the bottom and top and terminating at some distance back of the port, and vertical sides, said sides, bottom, top andpartition providing a transversely rectangular upper passage above the partition, a similar lower passage below the partition, a transversely rectangular passage between the end of the horizontally extending partition and the port with which the upper and lower passages communicate, means for conducting par- fuel to one of the passages formed by the port, and vertical sides, said sides, bottom,

topand partition providing a transversely rectangular upper passage above the partition, a similar lower passage below the partition, a' transversely rectangular passage between the end of the horizontally extending partition and the port with which the upper and lower passages communicate, means for conducting fuel to one of the passages formed by the horizontally extending partition, and means for conducting air to the other.

12. A burner for furnaces having a side wall in which is a horizontal substantially rectangular burner port, said burner including a horizontally extending bottom member having its inner end terminating at the said burner port, a top spaced above the bot tom and having its inner face inclined downwardly toward said port where it terminates, a substantially fiat horizontally extending partition spaced between the bottom and top and terminating at some distance vback' of the port, means for effecting a vertical adjustment of the horizontally extending partition, and vertical sides, said sides, bottom, top and partition providing -a transversely rectangular upper passage its inner face inclined downwardly toward above the partition, 2. similar lower passage below the partition, a transversely rectan gular passage between the end of the horizontally extending partition and the port with which the upper and lower passages communicate, means for conducting fuel to one of the passages preferably by the horizontally extending partition, and means for conducting air to the other;

13. A burner for furnaces having a side wall in which is a horizontal substantially rectangular burner port, said burner including a horizontally extending bottom member having its inner end terminating. at the said burner port, means for effecting a vertical adjustment of the bottom member, a top spaced above the bottom" and having said port where it terminates, a substantially fiat horizontally extending partition spaced between the bottom and top and terminating at some distance back of the port, means for effecting a vertical adjustment of the horizontally extending partition, and vertical sides, said sides, bottom, top, and partition providing a transversely rectangular upper passage above the partition, a similar lower passage below the partition, a transversely rectangular passage between the end of the horizontally extending partition and the port with which the upper and lower passages communicate, means for conducting fuel to one of the passages formed by the horizontally extending partition, and means for conducting air to the other. I

14. A burner for furnaces having a side wall in which is a horizontal substantially rectangular burner port, said burner including a horizontally extending bottom member having its inner end terminating at the said burner port, a top spaced above the bottom and having its inner face inclined downwardly toward said port where it terminates, a substantially flat horizontally extending partition spaced between the bottom and top and terminating at some distance back of the port, said partition being formed of plurality of sections, means for effecting a vertical adjustment of each section independently, and vertical sides, said sides, bottom, top, and partition providing a transversely rectangular upper passage above the partition, a similar lower passage below the partition, a transversely rectangular passage between the end of the horizontally extending partition and the port with which the upper and lower pas- ,sages communicate, means for conducting fuel to one of the passages formed by the horizontally extending partition, and means for conducting air to the other.

-15. A burner for furnaces having a side wall in which is a horizontal substantially rectangular burner port, said burner including a horizontally extending bottom member having its inner end terminating at the said burner port, a top spaced above the bottom and having its inner face inclined downwardly toward said port where it terminates, a substantially flat horizontally extending partition spaced between the bottom and top and terminating at some distance back of the port, said partition being in theiform of a fiat arch comprised of re-' fractory blocks, means for adjusting the lateral pressure on the blocks and for 'supporting the sides of the flat arch, and vertical sides, said sides, bottom, top, and partition providing atransversely rectangular upper passage above the partition, a similar lower passage below the paitition, a transversely rectangular passage between the end of the horizontally extending partition and the port with which the upper and lower passages commu ate, means for conducting fuel to one of the-passages formed by the horizontally extending partition, and

' sides,v bottom, top, and partition providing above the partition, below the partition, and a transversely rectangular passage between the end of the means for conducting air to theother.

16. A burner for furnaces having a side wall in which is a horizontalsubstantially.

rectangular burner port, said burner including a horizontally extending bottom member having its inner end terminating at the said burner port, a top spaced above the bottom and having its inner face, inclined downwardly toward said port where it terminates, a substantially flat horizontally extending partition spaced between the bot tom and top and terminating at some distance back of the ort, said partition being in the form of a at arch made up'of a series of contiguoussections, each section comprising a row of refractory blocks, means for adjustably holding the blocks in each row under pressure, and vertical sides, said a transversely rectangular upper passage a similar lower passage horizontally extending partition and the port with whlch the upper and lower passages communicate, means for conducting fuel to one of the passages formed by the extending partition, and means horizontally for conducting air to the other. y

17. A burner for furnaces having a side wall in which is a horizontal substantially rectangular burner ort, said burner including a horizonta ly, extending bottom member havingits inner end terminating at pressure in a lateral direction, means for effecting a vertical adjustment of each section independently of the others, and vertical sides, said sides, bottom, top, and partition providing a transversely rectangular port, said partition being upper passage above the partition, a similar lower passage below thepartition, and a transversely rectangular passage between the end of the horizontally extending partition and the port with which the upper and lower passages communicate, means for I conducting fuel to one of the, passage formed by the horizontally extending partition, and means for conducting air to the other. 7

Intestimony whereof I aflix my signature.

WILLI A. MORTON.

Images