US1473976A - Sound-recording method - Google Patents

Description

ANov. v1,3, 1923. 1,473,976

E. E. RIES souNn RECORDING lm'rHoD original Filed May 21, 1913 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 E. E. RIES sQUND RECORDING rm'rHDv Original Filed May 21, 1913 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 f :may We@ INVENTOR Zwar Rl m,

ATTORNEYS Patented Nov, 1923.

UNITED STATES VPa'rieur O Friciz.

Raras Rias, for NRW' YORK,- N. Y., AssIGNOR To AMERICAN A UDIO'SOOPR OO.. I No.,`

f A CORPORATION OF' NEW YORK.

SOUND-RECORDING METHOD.

origina-i application med mayx a1, 1913', seriai No. 769,114. Divideafana this applicati@ ined Aprile 1923.` seriai No. 630,197.

To all whom' `z'z may concer/n:

'Be it known that I, ELIAS E; Ruis, a citizen of the United States, and' resident Vof New York city'7 in the county ofv Newl l5' vvolition, Valthough inrcertain broader aspects Athereof applicable to the preparation'of sound lrecords alone, has ffitlsfpreferredf ap.

vplication to the production oftalkingfpicF 'ture lin record,'t ha't is', .to moving picture lflmsabearing a succession of photographs of successive-stages inthe action, and taken in. usual manner, andi provided withoneor ymore continuoussound records laterally of the picture which represent -the amplitudes and. phases of vibrations of the s0 norou's'ac .v

tion, such asmusic, speech .orthe like, oc` curring and -recrded simultaneously With the visual' action. 1 f

Y "The rsound record isA produced according to my invention, by causing undulatory variations in light intensity similar in form to the/vibrations of the air accompanying the sonorous action,v and subjecting narsitized surface in close proximity or contact' with an opaque screen having a1 very small aperture.- This 'aperture or Window is preferablyin the form. of ajnarrow-slit,and is of muchv greater Width than length, the 65 width being? governed by .the available spacey on. the 'photographic film outside of the usual sprocket holes or between' the line ofpictures and the sprocket holes when .the sound -recordis to form part of a motion O0 l picture. For sound records only, the Width .of the aperture maysb'e much greater,i f

1 perforated screenpth'e exposed area of the 'desired; .but fthe length, vthat is the dimension taken lengthwise of vthe sound record,

should' always'fbe'proportional' to the length 4o5 oftheshortest sound Waves to berecorded By moving the photographic film or; other sensitizedsurfacein close contactfwiththe sensitized surface is definitely fixed under 70 allk conditions of light, and Aall diffusion of light beyond thearea ofthe aperture is prevented so far as possible. It is prey ,ferred, morenver,V to focus the light from the lamp `in a pointed or conical pencil 75 z directed uponthe windowjopenin'g, as

row portionsof-the film lin rapidlsuccession 35 tothe. influence of the varying light. The

source fof light .is preferably a tungsten or other met-al filament lampof 1small power, although an arc lamp may be used,. and the Y variations are imposed' preferably by lthe 40. wellknown' singing'artprinciple,- in .which the sound vibrations act upon a microphone,

1 which automatically varies, resistancein' circuit with the lamp, in Lconformity with .-the sound vibrations, and n'effects .'syiichro. 455 "nou'sly therewith. undulatoy variations in the'light intensity. The fexposurerof 'the llilni tor the varying light-atv moment is limited to a ,portion definitely .restricted-in the direction, lengthwise of 'the' l moving the'photographic lrnfor othersentheA use of fan appropriate `spherical lens.

The film is moved preferably at a uniform rate past the window aperture or slit, in photographing the sonorous action, at a S0 speed suoli as to differentiate the imprints l of the denser andvinore attenuated parts of thesou'nd Waves photographed seriatiin, the' period of photographic exposure being so related to the speed of the record and to' 85 vthe duration of said portionsr ofgsound Waves-as to ,prevent blurring or Overlapping. By the combineduse ofthe yphotoraphic flniinoving, in close contact with t e screenfhaving thev small window aper- '90 'ture and thev focusing lens, the light'from the jlampactsfunifrmlyfover the exposed lpart of, the Ffilm, so that sharper variations in light'intensity are imposed upon the successiyelyjexposed-parts -of the film," pro-v 95 ducing. more distinct and morev substantial "diilerentiations:inltransluoency'of the dei thanifthe' lightwere more widely di'lfused @verneem-.1 f

veloped ifilm'. for better,. sound reproduction,

This is particularly true Where a small power tungsten filament or equivalent lamp is employed, operating at` 'substantially rated current consumptmn, where the candle power willlvary relatively widely with the relatively small increments or decrements bf current due to the operation upon the microphone of the air waves accompany-V ing the vocal or other sound.

n the preferred application'to talking pictures, in which the sound record isV photographed concurrently with the taking v.of the plctures, and-upon a strip or border of the film laterally7 of the picture'the rate ot film advance is limited by. thel exigencies of moving picture requirements to a speed in the order of abou-t one foot per second. As the sound records, unlilgethe visual records, should be substantially continuous, rather than discreet, they cannot be conveniently produced on the intermittently moving film, and are consequently recorded at a portion of the film beyond the shutter opening of the picture taking lens, that ,is, at a region where the film moves at uniform speed. In this application, the length of film momentarily exposed is highly restricted, being of a length in the order of that of a small pin hole, which length is traversed by the film, even at the relatively slow speed of moving picture operation, in the minute interval ofV a fraction of a sound wave.

IIn Aorder that m recording method, may be more clearly un erstood, I have shown in the drawings, more or lessv diagrammatically, apparatus b 'which the method mayI be executed, as we l as the physical product resulting from the operation of the apparatus.

Fig. 1 is a view more or less diagrammatic, illustrating apparatus bywhieh theI method can beexecuted, g

Fig.l Qwis a detail view"on an enlarged scale. of one form of aperture plate for the sound camera,

Fi 3 is a view similarto Fig. 2 of a modification, f f

Fig. 4 is a fragmentary view ofa portion of one embodiment of phonoscopic film, produced according to my invention,

Figs. 5 6 and 7 are views similar to Fig. 4-lof modified forms of films, and; f

. Fig. 8 a fragmentary viewv on a greatly enlarged scale, illustrating the appearance of a small segment of the soun'd record.

The present application is a division of my 769,114,fi1ed May 2,1913. 1

Referring now to Fig. 1,' thefilm 1 in its downward travel througheasing 2, passes 1n succession over the upper guide roll 7 upper positively-driven feed sprocket or drum 8, and its guideroller 9, by the action of which the film is unwound at a uniform copending application, ASerial Nol..

rate of speed from the upper reel (not i' shown) and is caused to form the upper loop 18;. The film then passes between the upper intermittent sprocket 10 and its guide roller 11, down between the lower intermittent sprocket 12 and its guide roller 13, and

forming the lower loop 20, thence between lower positively-driven sprocket 14 and its guide roller 15, .thence downward in a vertical line under theguide roller 16 and over the guide roller 17, from which it is wound onto the lower film reel 4. Reel 4 is provided with the usual take-up device provided with a friction pulley or its equivalent 5 and, driven by belt G from some uniformly revolving portion of the camera, which may be operated by hand or by a small motor (not shown) provided with a differential speed control which insures the proper tak- `ing,r up of the lower portion of the film ata uniform speed irrespective of the increasing diameter of 'the reel.

It will be observed that in addition to the two loops 18 and 20, the film in its passage, forms two vertical face sections 19.and 21, each approximately a trifie longer than the widthk of a single picture. The lower vertical film section 21 is in the focal plane of the sound camera 30. The upper section i19 is in the focal plane of the lens (not shown) of a moving picture camera 22 of any suitable constructiom'which exposes the central portion of the film shown in Figs. il, 5, 6

or 7.v The edge pertion or portions of the .film on which the photographic sound record is to be received are 'shielded from the light and are thus left unexposed during` the transit of the film behind the shuttertance above the sourid camera 30.

This sound camera consists of a casing" light may be fused, if desired. Behind the.

lampv is mounted a standard 54 carrying an adjustment reflector 55 which may be secured upon the standard by the thumbscrew 56. The light of the lamp direct or 'reflected is thrown, as shown, by dotted -lines,fupon 'a spherical lens 33 in a tube' 32 in the front of the casing 30. The tube is closed at its forward end by an adjustable cap-piece'll having a raised central portion 35 pierced with either a narrow slit 36 (Fig, 2) or a small. round orsquare pin hole opening 36 (Fig. 3)said cap-pieces being preferably. interchangeable'. The moving film 1 travels downward in close proximity to the raised portion35 and'with that portion of its surface on which the sound is to be 65 section'except that part of the vfilm which recorded, 'I for instance, lateral A strip or ing an `adjustable sliding rod 38, that may be eXtende/d andturned tofiany position and locked against displacement by wing nut 39..

The upper end' of rod 37 `has a swivel joint.

into which is clamped a telephone transmitter or microphone 40, which is provided -with a large tapering horn or megaphone 41, designed and adapted to Acollect the atmospheric sound Waves and to direct and 1 focus them Vupon the diaphragm of the transmitter 40. The minimum height of the horn 41when the device ,illustrated in Fig. 1 is used `in connection witha portable motion picture camerai is 4'such that theentirecamera mechanism, including the casing containing the photophonic recording-appliances, may be mounted as a single, selfcontained unit below lthe line of swing of.- the horni The sound receiving horn 41,

,may, however, `be located at' any convenient f 'point either alongside of the camera oriat any' desired or suitable distance( from the scene and sounds, to be photographed;

v The transmitter 40, whether' mountedon the apparatus or located atf a distance therefrom, is in electrical circuit through the line wlres 48 and 49,-with a battery B in series with the primary winding 43 of an induction coil, whose secondary/,winding 44' is in series with a condenser 45 and. with,

' the-terminals of the lamp 31, as shown. All

of these devices in practice, are "preferably included within the casing 30 or other enclosedl portion l of the appaiatus. l The terminalsof the lamp 31 are likewise inde;

by means of the circuit wires shown, with suitable source 'of direct current, such as the generator 46, the voltage of@ which lis regulated by 'rheostat 47. j

In 'the operationof recording talking pictures, the lvisible phase of the performanceA or other occurrence combining visible `A:movingpicture camerafilm.

and sonorous action,l is recorded bythe camera 22, in the usual. manner for taking moving pictures. The horn 41 is disposed in, appropriateA relation to intercept the sound Waves and the circuit of the lamp 31 is closedr. The-film' moves intermittently between the rollers 1Q and- 12, taking moving pictures on .the film section 19 inthe regular.-

ma'nner, vwhile the film vsection 21 moves past the pin hole or other narrow; slit 36 in the sound recording camera,- continuously at a uniform speed, usually'about'one foot per second, that is, at the mean speed of the It will be understood'tha't the film section 19 is covered and screened fror'nthel light over the entire Ahorn 41 from "a distant pointure lconcentrated upon the diaphragm of the microphonic transmitter l40, forcibly vibrating the sainel to vary the resistance of the primary circuit, -containing the/battery B and the primary coil .43. -The latter induces undulating or alternating currents of high tension corresponding in form and frequency with' the sound wavesv impinging 85 upon the diaphragm, in the secondary.' coil 44, which currents pass facross the condenser 45, and become superposed upon the steadycurrent flowing through the lamp v31 fromthe dynamov or other source 46. The direotcurrent from the source 46', it will be,` seen, cannot jump across the 'condenser4 5,n nor affect'the induction coil 43, so that the net result of the variable current impressedupqn the lamp 31 by the action of the A95 transmitter; 40 fwill Y.be -alternately andrapidlyto increase and decrease the in tensity of the lightin exact accordance with the original sound waves. More particularly, induction coil 43-44 inducing'currents' 100 normal lamp current serve to reinforce' it .105 pendently connected 1n the usual manner,x

-the' light upon' 'the-'screen 35 so that thelight passing through the fixed minute aperv.

ture 36 will'act umformly over the area lof 115'- the film exposed bythe aperture. The-light from the lamp is thus effectively con- ,l centrated at any instant upon the relatively minute film :areas momentarily exposed). Since, moreover, both the candle power and the actinic eifect'of the ordinary tungsten or'other equivalent lamp operating at rated' current consumption, change markedly witliv small increments or de'crements of, current, it follows that the degree of exposure of the filmwill very` relatively widely with the relativel minut-e changes in 'lamp current,

l'takingp ace synchronously with and proportionally to the varying amplitudes of sound In other words, by the use of a small lamp of low power'consumption, operating at high incandescence, `Iprodu'ce maximum variations in candle power with the small increments or decrements of current due to the action of theair or sound waves'upon the microphone. These variations in candle power are, moreover, intensified with respect to the film by efficiently focusing' the light from the lamp at the highlyrestricted f sound waves, which are recorded seriatim,

without objectionable blurring or overlappin In Fig. 8 is shown on a greatly enlarged scale, the,z approximate appearance of a small segment of ai sound record, which may represent la portion of a single sound wave. The soundl record, it is seen, presen-ts ,a substantially straight band made up of a succession of lights and shadows, in which the alternations of light and shade and the distance between them correspond with and represent the' wave length, pitch or freuenciy of the original sound waves, while t e degree of differentiation in translucency between lighter and darker areas corre- 'sponds to and represents amplitudes or loudness. The darker and lighter areas bf the band will usually merge into one another in' a continuousv succession in the direction of the length of the film. The translucency at each point on the band representing the momentary amplitude of. air vibration, it will be seen that the simplest, as well as the Vmost complexsond waves willv be accurately recorded. The picture and voice sections 19I and 21 of the film, are simultaneously exposed at their respective optical centers, as heretofore noted, with the latterfsomewhat iny advance ot the former. This apparent displacement ,willk be auto-1,

the camera and the voice transmitted from the horn tothe carriera electrically, in which case, the voice record will, of course, be impressed upon the film, with a lead relative to the corresponding picture.

In reproducing from the positive print o'f' the negative film ust described, the voice'would be electrically transmitted from the projecting machine to the stage, and there telephonically reconverted into sound, with a leadrelative to the corresponding picture, t'ocompensate for the lag of sound relative to light, so that they visible and sonorous reproduction would reach lthe audience synchronously.

If desired, I may-employ in lieu of the incandescent lamp', an arc lamp operated by directcurrent and burning with a steady light and a't approximately constant temperature and luminosity. The variation in the current supply produced by sound vibrations directedy upon the microphone connected in substantially the manner shown in `the drawings, produces rapid variations in the candle power of'the light, according to the singing or speakingarc principle. The arc lamp is preferably enclosed-in a sound proofcasing, so that the otherwise audible air vibrations set up thereby will not be heard..

It will be seen that whether the incandescent filament or arc lamp is employed, I produce undulatory variations in light intensity or candle power, similar in form to the vibrations of the air accompanying the v'o'cal or `otherson'orous action, the varying light producingchemically a corresponding sound record upon the film, preferably taken concurrently with a record Uot the series of pictures of the scene. The film is developed to form` aphotographic negative and the1 "combined picture and soundrecord may subsequently-be transferred by photo-print ing in the usual manner upon any desired number of'positive films, from which the action is reproduced by a. projection method and machine fully described in my copending parent application, heretofore mentioned.

It. may be noted here that in the reproduction of my 'photographicl sound record, the sound is in every respect identical .whether it is reproduced from a negative or a positive print that is to say, that whereas in the negative the sound waves appear as matically neutralized, and the voice andlight and dark sections or waves, correspondpicture recorded simultaneously if thle time interval between the picture and volce SeC- tio'ns substantially equals that for the travel of the sonorous action from a distant source to the receiving horn 41. The ylength' of loop 2U in the' .camera lmay be adjusted in accordance-with. the distance ofthe stage prf other source of sound lfrom thefcamera..

.The-receiving horn 4:1, it ywillv be understood, may be placed nearer thestafge than' ing s'ection's or waves in the positive print will appear as dark and light, respectively, but the effect when projecting a beam of 'light'through ythe filmfin either fcase to. reproduce the sound wa'ves recorded thereon will b'e the same. y

. In Figs. 4 to 7, I have illustratively shown various ltypical -forms ot phonoscopic `or talking machinelms produced byl my meth-cd. -In the embodiment of ig. 4, the

lac

with or without itsprosceiiium arch as a i sound record, indicated by the lnumeral '50,

extends or runs in a vertical direction at one F ig. '5 shows an extra, Wide film, such as I prefer to usein taking and repioducing dramaticv or operatic performances, on a large scale, in which the entire stage, either frame for the setting. may be shown. This lm also hasan extra. wide space 53 for my sound record, produced as with the aper-y ture capl shown inlFig.' 2, in order to give it ample capacity for the reception and proper reproduction of the powerful sound vibrations of a large chorus and orchestra.

In Fig. 6 the pictures '54 are shown as' running horizontally, and the sound record 55 as extending in aAX horizontal direction below the same. The purposeof this arrangement is to eliminate, di' at least in nickel-ing of the ordinary film and the reduction of illumination caused by the use of a shutter, without hampering the recordi 1 or reproduction of the sound record.

he film 56 of F ig. '7. is. provided with a plurality of sound records, two of these 57 and 58 being here shown as extending along the edges of the Vfilm outside of the left and right hand sprocket holes 5S) 'respectively. .This embodimentlperinits the use of the existing' standard Isize of motionpicture `films without diminution of the size' of the pictures, and also permits the impression of one or more photographic sound records upon those portions of the -film not at present utilized forpho-tographic purposes.y In theembodiment of Fig. 7, it will be understood that two or more sound records, both' related to Athe pictureare Simultaneously recorded upon the film for alternate 'or concurrent reproduction. The method of producingthe film or recordbwill ber apparent from the following illustrative example. l

y Let the animated pictures 56 shown in Fig. 7 represent thel theme of an illustrated song pertaining to 4the sea, to be reproduced alternatively as deSired, either withv combined vocal and musical accompaniment, or withv musical accompaniment alone.` In recording, the vocalist, who `in this'instancedoesnot appear in the picture, sings into my transmitter, preferably at close L range and with the proper piano accompaniment, `the verses appropriate to the theme, all of which is impressed to form say-,the

right-.handv sound record `58 of the film in -the manner apparent -from' Fig. l of the drawings and the -previou'sdescription The {musica-1' accompaniment only, minus the voice is concurrently impressed on the opposite edge 57 of the film to form the 'lefthand record, by means of a second separate and independent transmitter and recording light-beam (not shown) similar to that described and shown. This accompaniment may be that of another instrument, as a violin played in a room partitioned ofi' and in sound insulated relation from that occupied by the vocalist or piano, or it may be that of the identical piano-which accompanies the vocalist.v In the latter case, the second transmitter may be placed within the sound box of the piano, Where it will not be affectetl by the voice of the singer."

Another application is to multiple language demonstration films, in which a single 'picturek y is accompanied by a plurality of sound records, explaining the action in various languages. The film is Fproduced in a manner analogous to that just-described, thelectures in the various languages lbeing recorded simultaneously Iwith the picture, but

independently on different bands of the same a large degree to minimize, the objectionable lm Although I have herein show n and d e scribed my invention more partlcularly 1n connection with kinetoscopic or cinemato- 'graphic films, I desire it to be understood that many of the features of .my method are applicable to the production of'one or more photographic records of vocal, musical or other sonorous action, independently of pictures.

My method, as herein disclosed, is not limited to the particular applicationsthereof, which I have illustrated in the drawings,

but isl broadly 'as well as specifically aplicable to numerous other purposes and capable of being carried out in various forms of phonographic, telephonie and other apparatus.

Having thus described my invention what I claim as new and desire to secure'by Letters Patent of the United States is z- 1. The method of recording sound photographically, which consists in vmoving a body having a surface sensitive to light across the back of a screen having a small aperture, limiting the area of exposure to thev area of the aperture, and varying the degree of exposure in accordance with sound .waves impressed upon a sound translating device, whereby said sensitized surface Whendeveloped' will present a continuous line or band having alternating sections of varying degrees of density or translucency throughout its length, the opposite extremes of den sity indicating the peaks of continuous waves corresponding to the sound waves 1mpressed upon the sound translating devlce.-

2.4""The 'method of recording sound photographically, which'fconsistsin moving a .body -hgavingfaurfface sensitive to light across vthey ,back 'of'f'screen having a small ico f aperture which exposes the sensitive material to light in a continuous line or band of uniform width, limiting the area of exposure to the area of the aperture, and varying the intensity of the light in accordance with sound Awaves impressed upon a sound transmitting device for the purpose of producing corresponding variations in the degree of exposure of said sensitive material as the same is" moved across the aperture.

` 3. The method of recording sound photographically, which consists in moving at a` constant speed a body having a surface sensitive to light across the back of a screen having a small aperture which exposes the sensitive material to light in a continuous line or band of uniform width, limiting the area of exposure to the area of the aperture, and varying the intensity ofthe light in accordance With sound Waves impressed upon a sound transmitting device for the purpose of producing corresponding variations in the degree of exposure of said sensitive surface as the same is moved across the aperture.

4. rIhe method of-recordiiig sound photographically, which consists in moving a photographic film in thc form of a strip or band across the back of' a. screen having a narrow aperture which exposes thel sensitive inaterial to light in a continuous line or band of uniform Width throughout the length of thel film, limiting the area of exposure to the areaiof the aperture, and varying the degree of exposure of said line or band in accord- -ance With sound Waves impressed upon a sound translating device, whereby said film When developed will present a continuous line or Aband of 'uniform width and alteriV nating sections of varying degrees of density or translucency throughout its length, the opposite extremes of density indicating the peaks of continuous Waves corresponding to the sound waves impressed upon the sound translating device.

5. The method of recording sound photographically, Which consists in moving a photographic film in the form of a strip or band across the back of a screen having a narrow aperture which exposes the sensitive material to light in a continuous liiie or band of uniform IWidth. throughout Athe length of the film, limiting the area of exposure tothe area of the aperture, and varying the intensity of the light by and in accoi-dance with sound waves impressed upon a sound transmitting device for the purpose of producingV corresponding variations in the degree of exposure of said sensitivematerial as the same is moved across the narrow aperture, whereby whenfthe film is developed a record is produced on saidv photographic film in the form of a continuous line of band. of uniform width and varying degrees of density or translucency throughout its length corresponding to the variations in light produced by the sound waves impressed upon the sound transmitting device.

6. The method of recording sound photographically, which consists in moving at a constant speed a photographic film in the form of a strip or band across the back of a sci-een having a narrow aperture which exposes the sensitive material to light in a continuous line or band of uniform width throughout the length o f the film, limiting the area of exposure to the area of the aperture, and varying the intensity of the light by and in accordance with sound waves impressed upon a sound transmitting device for the purpose of producing corresponding variations in the degree. of exposure of said sensitive material as the same ,i is moved across the narrow aperture, whereby when the fllm is developed a record is produced on said photographic film in the form of a continuous line or band of uniform width and having alternating sections of varying degrees of density or ti'anslucency throughout its length,the opposite extremes of den-` sity indicating the peaks of continuous waves corresponding to the variations in light produced by the sound waves impressed upon the sound transmitting device.

7.The method of recordingf sonorous action by causing undulatory variations in light intensity, similar in form to the vibrations of the air accompanying the said action, and exposing a photographic film to the influence of the light only through a window aperture of the width of a small pin hole adjacent the film, while moving the film at a speed in the order of one foot per second to eect an imprint thereon lengthwise of the film, differentiated in accordance with the varying amplitudes of sound vibral tions and limiting the area of exposure to the area of the aperture.

8i The method of recording sonorous action by causing undulatory vvariations in light intensity, similar in form to the vibrations ofthe air accompanying the said action,

focusing the light in a pointed pencil toward afixed point substantially in the plane of a photographic film moving at a rate of speed in the order of' one foot per second,y and through a window aperture adjacent the vfilm, of substantially the/ width of a small pin hole and limiting the area of exposure to the area of the aperture.

9. The method of concurrently recording simultaneous visible and sonorous action upon a single photographic film, which consists in focusing the visible action upon the film during intermittent advance thereof at said focusing region, while focusing light directed in a pointed pencil toward a fixed point substantially in theI plane of the film fand at a strip thereof laterally of the picture portion and at a region where the film moves at constant speed, andfscreenin-g the film in the path of thevariable light to expose an area limitedl in width in the direction of the moving film tothe width of a small pin hole, said light having undulatory variations in intensity similanin, form to the vibrations of the alr accompany-ing the sonorous action.

- upon a traveling waves,- having said beam narrowed by a 10. The method of recording `sound waves upon a traveling photographic film limited in speed to motion picture requirements,

which consists of photographingthereon the denser and more attenuated portions thereof seriatim, the yperiod of photographic eX- posure being so related to the speed of the lm and yto the duration of said portions of sound waves as to prevent overlapping or blurring, accomplished b varying the inten'sity of a beam of light 1n accordance with the varying amplitudes and phases .of salidv s it to adjust the period of exposure to the speed of the film and the duration ofthe parts of sound waves and limiting the area pf exposure' to the area of the slit.

1 11. The method of recording sound' waves photographic film limited in speed to mbtion picture requirements,

which consists of photogra hing thereon the denser and more attenuate portions thereof seriatim, the.' pei'iod of photographic eX- posure` being lso related' to` vthe speed` of the film and to the duration. of said portions ofsound waves as to prevent overlapping or blurring, accomplished by varying theu intensity of a beam ofl light 1n accordance with the varying amplitudesvand phases of said waves, assistedby. focusing said beam on said'film through a slit to further define the characteristics'of the shorter waves and limiting 12.- The method of recording sound pho-l tographically, which consists in moving a photographic. film in the form of astrip or band across an. aperture plate, limiting the exposed area of'y the lm to the -,area of4 the i yelo e upon the soundy translating device.

A13. .The method LAof recording sound pho- ;tog'raphically, which consists 1nv movingia the area of exposure, to the area of@ y bein photographicfilm in the form of a strip or I c,

and across an aperture plate, limiting the exposed area ofthe 'sensitive surfaceto a" space of the' order of a thin line by an aperture -in said plate whose width is much greater than its length, maintaining lthe film m-close contact with said plate -to prevent diffusion of light, moving the film at a constant speed across' said aper-tureto expose' the sensitive surface to light in a continuous` line or band of uniform width, and varyin the degree of exposure of said line or ban in accordanceI w1th sound waves impressed \upon a sound translating device,I whereb said sensitized surface when developed wi l resent a continuous line or band of uniorm width and alternating sec-tions of vary- I.

ing degrees of density ortranslucency repre.-

sentng continuous wavps corresponding tothe sound waves impressed upon the fsound .translating device.

14. lThe method of producing motion pictures and photographic sound records concurrently upon the same photographic film, 'which consists in moving a photographic filin'through a camera at a speed adapted to produce agiven number of pictures per secsame rate per second across the backof a screen having a narrow aperture which exposes the sensitized4 surface to light in -a continuous line or band parallel to the line ond, simultaneously moving saidv film at the of pictures 'and of uniform width throughoutvits length, limitingthe area of erposure' t0 the area of the aperture, and varyin the degree of exposure of said line or '1n accordancewith sound waves impressed upon afsound translating device, *wherebyv said sensitive surface when developed will present adjacent to the pictures a continuous line or band of uniform width and having alternating sections of varying degrees of densityor translucency representing continuous waves corresponding to fthe sound waves impressed upon the sound translating device.

f l15.. The methodof producingvmotionpicand tures and photographicsound records concurrently upon the same photographic film, which consistsin lmoving 'a vphotographic film through a camera at aspeed :adapted -to WNproduce a given number ofpicturespersecond', simultaneously moving said-film at-the same rate' per second acrossfthe' back of. a screen having -two narrow apertures by which 'the sensitized-surface is vexppsed toy lightin two continuous lines or bands par# al el to the line of pictures, and each band ofA uniform width `throughout its lengt ,limiting the-areas ofexposureiof each band to the areas of the respective apertures and varying the degree of'exposure of said lines or bands, by and inaccordance with sound waves impressed upona sou-nd tra'nsmittmg device, whereby said sensitizedsurface when developedwill present adjacent to the pictures two bands each of uniform 'width throughout and having alternating proximately one linear foot per second, si-4 multaneously moving saidilm at the same rate of speed across the back of a" screen having a narrow aperture which exposes the sensitized surface tov light in a continuous line or hand parallel to the line of'pictures and of uniform width throughout its length, limiting the area of exposure to thev area of the aperture, and varying the' intensity of the light by' and in accordance with sound waves impressed upon a sound transmitting device for the purpose of producing corresponding variations in the degree of exposure of, said sensitized surface as thesaine is moved across the narrow aperture, whereby vsaid sensitized surface when developed will present adjacent to the pictures a continuus line or'band of uniform width and having alternating-sections of varying degrees of4 density or translucency, representing continuouswaves corresponding to the sound waves impressed upon the sound transmitting device.

17. The method of producing motion pictures and photographic sound records concurrently upon the same hotographic lm, which consists in intermittently moving a photographic film through a camera at a speed adapted to produce a given number of pictures per second, simultaneouslylmov-` ing -said film continuously and uniformly at the Same rate per second across the back of a screen having a narrowaperture which 'ex Doses the sensitized surface to liOht in a continuousy line or band parallel to the line of pictures and of uniform width throughout its length, ,limiting the area o feXposure to the area of the aperture', and varying the degree of exposure of said -lineor band in accordance with soundwaves impressed upon a sound translatingV device, whereby said sensitized surface when developed will present adjacent to the pictures a continuous line or band of'uniform width and having alternating sections` of varying degrees of density or .translucency representing continuous waves corresponding to the sound waves impressed upon the sound translating device. f

18. The method of lproducing motion pictures and photo raphic' sound records concurrently upon t e' same photographic lm, which consists inintermittently moving a photographie through a camera at a. speed of approximately one linear foot pler second, simultaneously moving said m continuously and unifbrmlyat the same rate of speedv across the ba'ck yof' a screen having a narrow aperturef which exposes the sensitized surface to light iny @continuous line or band pa'rallel to the line of pictures and of uniform width throughout its length,y

-sound waves impressed upon the sound transmitting device.

'19. The method of producing motion pictures and photographic sound records concurtrentlvupon the same photographic film, which consists in intermittently moving a photographic film at a speed of approximately one' linear foot `ier second through a camerau having a lens for taking a series, of pictures in single line sequence re resenting objects in motion," simultaneous y moving 'said Vfilm continuously and uniformly at the same rate of speed across the back of a ,screen having two narrow apertures by which the sensitized'surface iseXpOsed to light in two continuous lines or lbandsparallel tothe line of pictures, and eachband being of. uniformv width throughout its lengthflimitingthe areas' of exposure yof each band to the reas of the respectiveapertures, and'varyig the degree of expdsure ofsa'id lines or bands 'by and in accordance with sound' wavesV impressed upon. sound transmitting devices, whereby' said sensitized surface when developed will lpresent adjacent to the pictures'two bands'each of uniform width, throughout and having alternating sections of varying degrees of ,dens'ty orv transluce'n'cy representing continuous waves' corresponding to the sound waves impressedfup'on. the sound transmittin :devices bigned at New York' city, in the county' of New York-and State of New York, this 5th day of April, 1923.

ELIAS E. RIES.

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