US1463989A - Compressor - Google Patents

Compressor Download PDF

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Publication number
US1463989A
US1463989A US449425A US44942521A US1463989A US 1463989 A US1463989 A US 1463989A US 449425 A US449425 A US 449425A US 44942521 A US44942521 A US 44942521A US 1463989 A US1463989 A US 1463989A
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mercury
rotor
passage
chamber
compression chamber
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US449425A
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Wilson Edward
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WILSON ENGINEERING Co
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WILSON ENGINEERING Co
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D17/00—Radial-flow pumps, e.g. centrifugal pumps; Helico-centrifugal pumps
    • F04D17/08—Centrifugal pumps
    • F04D17/18—Centrifugal pumps characterised by use of centrifugal force of liquids entrained in pumps

Definitions

  • This invention relates to compressors.
  • An object of the invention is to provide a compressor of novel and improved construct-ion and mode of operation and in which the compressor mechanism operated by a motor or the like comprises novel and om cient equipment for effectingthe compression.
  • Another object of the invention is to rovide a compressor with a valve whic is automatic in its operation to control the circulation of the mercury, or the like, which is employed as the agent for effecting compression within a compression chamber.
  • Another object of the invention is to provide an improved mercury compressor with novel means for causing circulation of the mercury for effecting compression within a compression chamber.
  • Another object of the invention is to provide an improved mercury compressor with novel equipment for insuring efficient operation and functioning of all of the mechanism, and possessing the characteristic that the parts cannot become dislocated or displaced, but are positively retained in pro er adjustment in such manner that they o er a minimuml of resistance to the operation of the mechanism.
  • Another object of the invention is to provide an improved mercury compressor including a mercury chamber and a compression chamber, in combination with novel mechanism for e'ecting circulation of the mercury into the compression chamber to effect compression therein and for discharging the mercury from the compression chamber after it has rformed its function, the construction andpiperation being such that the mercury is maintained in continuous circulation when the compressor is operating, so that the compression is also continuous.
  • Fig. 2 is a sectional view of the rotor showing other features of the invention and may. be considered'as ta'lren approximately at right angles to the line on which Fig. l 1s taken.
  • Fig. 2a is a plan view' of a part of the rotor employed to effect circulation of the mercury.
  • Fig. 3 is a sectional view of the condenser.l
  • Fig. a is a side elevation of the con denser.
  • the stator comprises a number of detachable parts constituting a casing and support for the operative mechamsm and forming a chamber or receptacle for the mercury which is employed to edect compression within a compression chamber.
  • the part l. of the stator constitutes the receptacle for the mercury and is provided with an upper end wall 2 which supports the part 3 on which the motor 4l is mounted.
  • a wick 16 extending into the lubricant in the lubricant 'receptacle 5 serves to conduct the lubricant to the bearing for the shaft 10.
  • a rotor which operateswithin the stator housing is driven by the shaft 10.
  • the rotor shown comprises an upper part 17 having an axial hub Journaled 1n the bearmg 9 and secured to the shaft 10; and a lower part 18 attached to the part 17.
  • a compression chamber 19 is formed between the parts 17 and 18 and it is by the circulation of the mercury through the chamber 19 that compression is obtained.
  • the upper part 17 of the rotor has a central chamber 20 across which the part 21 extends, the same being integral or otherwise made rigid with the upper part 17 of the rotor.
  • the mercury is taken up intothe chamber 20 between the part 21 and the walls of the chamber 20 in which said part 21 is supported.
  • the mercury may be raised and delivered into the chamber 20 by any appropriate means.
  • the means for raising and delivering the mercury from the stator to the chamber 20 comprises a number of impeller vanes 22 made rigid or integral with a part 23 which is in connection with the rotor.
  • the impeller vanes are arranged obliquely, having their lower ends in advance or in front of their upper ends, considering the direction of rotation of the rotor. This will be clearly understood by reference to Fig.
  • the part 21 of the rotor is rigid with a hollow shaft 28 which extends through the lower wall of the part 1 and is journaled in an anti-friction bearing 29 supported by saidlower wall.
  • a sleeve 30 has its lower end forming an hermetic and impervious joint with the lower wall of the part 1, and extends upwardly within the cylindrical member 25. The upper end of the sleeve 30 is above the level of the mercury in the stator so that it is impossible for the mercury to pass through the opening in the lower wall of the stator part 1, through which the hollow shaft 28 extends.
  • the rotor contains a compression chamber 19. It is by forcing the mercury into the compression chamber 19 that compression is obtained.
  • the mercury is delivered into the compression chamber 19 by centrifugal force and the How of the mercury to the compression chamber is controlled by an improved valve device which operates automatically to open and to close communication from the chamber 20 to the compression chamber 19.
  • the valve device mentioned is clearly shown in Fig. 1 and comprises a valve 31 on the end of an axially movable valve'stem 32 extending through the passage 33 forming a communication from the chamber 2O to the compressor chamber 19. There is sutlicient space around the stem 32 within the passage 33 to permit the mercury to move through said passage under the impulse of centrifugal force.
  • the opposite end of the valve stem 32 comprises an enlarged weighted part 34, the weight of which exceeds the combined weight of the valve 31 and the small part of the stem 32.
  • the valve stem 32 - including the weighted portion 34, extends diametrically across the rotor and is lcapable of axial movements to and from position to close the valve 31. Since the weighted end 34 of the valve stem is heavier than the valve 31 and the small part of. the stem 32 and extends about the axis of the rotor, it is an obvious fact that whenthe rotor is operating the valve 31 will be held closed, due to centrifugal force, until the greater weight of the weighted end 34 of the valve stem is overcome.
  • the parts are arranged an vproportioned properly S9 that when the cham- ⁇ Leashes ber 20 andthe passage 33 become filled with mercury the pressure of the mercury against the valve 31, under the impulse of centrifugal force, will overcome the resistance of the Weighted end 34 of the valve. When this occurs the valve 31 is moved radially away from its seat against the end of the passage 33, thus permitting the mercury to move centrifugally through said passage 33 and into the compression chamber 19. 'llhe outer end of the Walls of the passage 33 is within an enclosin part 35, having a discharge opening 36 1n the end thereof.
  • the opening 36 is normally in communication with the compression chamber 19, but is closed by the valve 31 When said valve is forced centrifugally from the end of the passage 33 to permit the mercury to pass into the compression chamber. ⁇ Obviously, as the mercury is forced into the compression chamber there is a compression of air in said chamber. As the compressed air from the compression chamber passes therefrom into the stator, as hereinafter explained, the air Within the stator is compressed and, since there are :rapidly successive operations of compression of the character de scribed, the air within the compressor becomes greatly compressed.
  • the compressed air and the mercury are discharged from said compression chamber 19 into the stator case or housing.
  • the discharge of the compressed air and the mercury from the compression chamber 19 is effected through a valve controlled discharge passage.
  • rllhe discharge passage includes an opening 37 (Fig. 2) through one vvall of the chamber 19 communicating with ⁇ an opening 38 into the stator casing or housing.
  • the valve 39 is at the inner end of the opening 37 and is of a yielding structure which normally retains the valve in position to close the opening 37.
  • the centrifugal force created by the rotation of the rotor also acts upon the valve 39 to hold the valve closed until the desired degree of compression is obtained Within the compression chamber 19.
  • the valve 39 is opened by the pressure from within the chamber overcoming the inherent tendency of the valve to remain closed, as Well as the centrifugal pressure against' the valve.
  • This permits the compressed air and a part of the mercury in the compression chamber 19 to pass through the ,discharge passage, comprising the opening 37I and the passage 38.
  • the passage 37-38 leads inwardly from the compression chamber, some part of the mercury Will not pass through said passage, but Will be discharged from the compression chamberv through the opening ⁇ 36as described in the next paragraph. he compressed air is thereby delivered or discharged into the stator casing or housing and the mercury returns to the stator casing or housing.
  • the operation of compression as above described is successively performed.
  • rll ⁇ he fresh air is admitted to the compression chamber 19 through a valve controlled passage 40 (Fig. 2) communicating With the hollow shaft 28.
  • the lower end of the shaft 28 is Within a 'chamber 41.
  • the shaft 28 Within the chamber 41 is protected by a mercury seal comprising a bell 42, the rim of which is immersed in mercury contained in an annular receptacle 43'formed between the Wall of the chamber 41 and a cylindrical flange 44 rising from the bottom Wall of said chamber 41.
  • a cup 46 movably supported Within the cylindrical flange 44.
  • the cup 46 receives and traps anyi quantity of mercury thatmay pass through the passage 40 and the shaft 28, but permits air to be drawn by suction through the shaft 28 for delivery into the compression chamber 19.
  • the suction is created as a result of the discharge of the compressed air and the mercury from the chamber 19 and, further, as a result of the centrifugal force causing a reduction of the pressure in the chamber 19 below the pressure in the stator casing or housing.
  • the passage 49 is controlled by a suction valve comprlsing a valve member 47 and a spring 48 acting to hold the valve closed, but permitting the valve tol open under the ressure of the air drawn through the sha t 28 by suction.
  • the compressed air from the stator casing or housing passes through a passage 49 llO (Fig. 1) to a condenserl
  • the condenser may be of an desired construction and arran e# ment. preferred form is shown.
  • he condenser shown comprises a member containing numerous radial chambers 50 (Figs. 3 and 4) in communication with the passage 49 and arranged to receive the compressed air from said passage.
  • the walls of the radial chambers 50 are immersed in water in a container 5l under the influence of which condensation is eifected.
  • the condenser is in communication with the chamber 41 through the space or clearance 52 around v the shaft 28 inthe bottom of the condenser,
  • m invention is characterized by numerous ady-I vantageous features which are cooperatively related so 'that the condenser wil perform its functions in a highly efficient manner.
  • Many ofthe unessential features shown have not been described in detail, and it is apparent that as to such features and many others the compressor may be varied in its construction and arrangement without departing from the princip e and nature of the invention. I have not intended to restrict myself to unessential features, nor otherwise, except as set forth in the appended claims.
  • a compressor comprising a stator casing arranged to contain a quantity of mercury, a rotor journaled for rotation within the stator, a compression chamber in the rotor, a receiving chamber in the rotor, means for conveying the mercury from ⁇ the stator to the receiving chamber in the rotor, a passage from the receiving chamber to the -compression chamber in the rotor, and a valve controlling said passage and preventing the mercury from passing from the receiving chamber to the compression chamber until a predetermined pressure of the mercury against said valve exists.
  • a compressor comprising a stator casing arranged to contain a quantity of mercury, a rotor journaled for rotation within the stator, a compression chamber in the rotor, a receiving chamber in the rotor, means for conveying the mercury from the stator to the receiving chamber in the rotor, a passage from the receiving chamber to the compression chamber in the rotor, a valve controlling said passage and preventing the mercury from passing from the receiving chamber to the compression chamber until a predetermined pressure of the mercury against said valve exlsts, and a valve controlling the-discharge of pressure from the compression chamber into the stator casing.
  • a compressor of the character described comprising a stator casing arranged to contain a quantity of mercury, a rotor supported for rotation in the stator casing, a compression chamber in the rotor, a passage 'through the rotor to the compression chamber, a valve supported by the rotor and arranged to be held in closed position by centrifugal force when the rotor is' rotating until the ressure'against -the valve exceeds the centri ugal force, and means forcin the mercury from the stator casin throu said passage to open said valve an into t e compression chamber to eiect compression therein.
  • a compressor of the character described comprlsing a ator casing arranged to contain a quantity of mercury, a rotor supported for rotation in the stator casing, a compression chamber in the rotor, a passage through the rotor to the compression chamber, a valve supported by the rotor and arranged to be held in. closed position by centrifugal force when the rotor is rotating until the rcssure against the valve exceeds the centri ugal force, means for forcing the mercury from the stator casin through said passage to open said valve an into the compression chamber to effect compression therein, and -a valve controlling discharge of pressure from the compreion chamber into the stator casing.
  • a compressor of the character described comprising a stator casing arranged to contain a quantity of mercury, a rotorv supported for rotation inthe'stator casing, a com ression chamber in the rotor, a passage tlrough the rotor to the compression chamber, a valve supported by the rotor and arranged to be held in closed position by centrifugal force when the rotor is rotating until the pressure against the valve exceeds the centrifugal force, means for forcing the mercury vfrom the stator casing through said passage to open said valve and into the compression chamber to effect compression therein, and means for admitting air into the compression chamber for compression.
  • a compressor of the character described comprising a stator casing arranged to contain a quantity of mercury, a rotor supported for rotation in the stator casing, a compression chamber in the rotor, a passage through the rotor to the compression chamber, a valve supported by the rotor and arranged to be held in closed position by centrifugal force when the rotor is rotating until the pressure against the valve exceeds the centrifugal force, mea-ns for forcing the mercury from the stator casing through said passage to open said valve and into the compression chamber to effect Acompression therein, a valve controlling discharge of pressure from the compression chamber into the stator casing, and means for admitting air in the compression chamber successively for compression by successive operations as aforesal incassa
  • a compressor ot the character described, comprising a stator casing, a rotor supported 4for rotation in the stator casing, a compression chamber in the rotor, a passage through the rotor for conducting mercury from the stator casing to the
  • a compressor comprising a stator casing arranged to contain mercury, a rotor supported for rotation in the stator casing, a compression chamber in the rotor, a passage through the rotor for conducting mercury trom the stator into said compression chamber, a valve controlling said passage and arranged to be retained in closed position by centrifugal torce When' the rotor is rotated, and means operating with the rotor for causing the mercury to pass into said passage to open said valve and to .pass into the compression chamber.
  • a compressor comprising a stator casing arranged to contain mercury, a rotor supported for rotation in the stator casing,
  • a compression chamber in the rotor a passage through the rotor for conduct-ing mercury from the stator into said compression chamber, a valve controlling s'aid passage and arranged to be retained in closed position by centrifugal torce when the rotor is rotated, means operating with the rotor for causing the mercury to pass into said passage to open said valve and to pass into the compression chamber, and means for (ontrolling the discharge of the compressed air from said compression chamber.
  • a co-mpressor comprising a stator casing arranged to contain mercury, a rotor supported for rotation in the stator casing, a compression chamber in the rotor, a passage through the rotor for conducting mercury from the stator intosaid compression chamber, a, valve controlling said passage and arranged to be retained in closed position by centrifugal force when the rotor is rota-ted, means operating with the rotor for causing the mercury to pass into said passage to open said valve and to pass into the compression chamber, means for controlling the discharge of the compressed air from said compression chamber, and means for delivering a ⁇ fresh supply of air into the compression chamber.
  • a compressor comprising a stator casing arranged to contain mercury, a rotor supported for rotation in the stator casing, a compression chamber in the rotor, a passage through the rotor opening into the compression chamber, a valve stem extending diametrically across the rotorviyvithin said pamage, a valve on one end of said valve stem for closing said passage, and a Weight on the opposite end of said valve stem effected by said centrifugal force to hold said valve closed.
  • Acompressor comprising a stator caeing arranged to contain mercury, anti-friction bearings supported by the Walls ot saidstator casing, a rotor su ported by said bearings for rotation in sai casing, an annular compression chamber in said rotor, a radial passage from the center of the rotor communicatingwith said compression chamber, a valve controlling said passage, and means operated b the rotor for delivering mercury into sai passage to press against and open said valve and enter the comp-ression chamber to effect compression therein under the impulse ot centrifugal force.
  • a compressor comprising a stator caslng arranged to contain mercury, anti-friction bearings supported by the Walls of said stator casing, a rotor supported by said bearings for rotation in said casing, an annular compression chamber in said rotor, a radial passage from the center of the rotor communicating with said compression chamber, a valve controlling said passage, means operated by the rotor for delivering mercury into said passage to press against and open said valve and enter the compression chamber to effect compression therein under the impulse oit centrifugal force, and a valve controlled passage for permitting compression to pass from said compression chamber into the stator casing.
  • a compressor comprising a stator casing arranged to contain mercury, anti-triction bearings supported by the walls of said stator casing, a rotor supported by said bearings for rotation in said casing, an annular compression chamber in said rotor, a radial' paage from the center of the rotor communicating with said compression chamber, a valve controlling said passage, means operated by the rotor trdr delivering mercury into said passage to press against and open said valve and enter the compression chamber to elect compression therein under the impulse of .centrifugal force, a valve controlled passage for permitting compression to pass from said compression chamber into they stator casing, and a passage for conducting fresh air into the compression chamber.
  • a compressor comprising a stator casing, a rotor journaled for rotation in said casing, a central chamber in said rotor, an annular compression chamber in said rotor, a radial passage from the central chamber communicating With the compression charnber, an annular pass age from the central chamber to the bottom of the stator casing, and impeller vanes supported by the-rotor for lll@ lld
  • a compressor comprismg a stator casing, a rotor journaled for rotation in said casi-ng, a central chamber in saidrotor, an annular compression chamber 1n said rotor, a radial passage from the central chamber communicating vwith the compression chamtrolling the centrifugal movement of the mercury to the compression chamber.
  • a compressor comprising a stator casing arranged to contain mercury, a rotor supported for rotation in the stator casing, a compression chamber in the rotor between the axis of the rotor and its outer circumference, a passage through the 'rotor extending outwardly from near the axls of the rotor to said compression chamber, means operatingI with the rotor for causmg the mercury to move into said passage, a valve controlling said passage yand arranged to open under pressure of the mercury actuated by centrifugal force to permit the mercury to pass into the compression chamber to effect compresion therein, and automatic means for closing said valve after a quantity of the mercury has passed said valve into the compression chamber.
  • a compressor comprising a stator casing arranged to contain mercury, a rotor supported for rotation in the stator casing, a compression chamber in the rotor between the axis of the rotor and its outer circumference, a passage through the rotor extending outwardly from near the axis of the rotor to said compression chamber, means operating withthe rotor for causing the mercury to move into said passage, a stator casing arranged to contain mercury, a rotor supported for rotation in the stator casing, a compression chamber in the rotor between the axis of the rotor and its outer circumference, a passage through the rotor extending outwardly from near the axis of the rotor to said compression chamber, means operating withthe rotor for causing the mercury to move into said passage, a stator casing arranged to contain mercury, a rotor supported for rotation in the stator casing, a compression chamber in the rotor between the axis of the rotor and its outer circumference,
  • valve controlling said passage and arranged to open under pressure of the mercury actuated by centrifugal'force to permit the mercury to pass into the compression chamber to elfect compression therein, and means operated by the centrifugal force during rotation of the vrotor for closing said valve after a quantity ofmercury has passed said valve and has'efected compression in said compression chamber.
  • a compressor comprising a stator casing arranged to contain mercury, a rotor supported for rotation in the stator casing,
  • a compressor comprising a stator casing arranged to contain mercury, a rotor supported for rotation in saicasing, a compression chamber in the rotor between the a-xis of the rotor and the circumference thereof, a passage from the central part ofthe rotor to the compression chamber, a valve controlled by centrifugal force during'rotation of the rotor to close said passage, and means for delivering the mercury from the stator casing into said passage whereby the mercury under the impulse of centrifugal force will open said valve and pass into the compression chamber and effect compression in said chamber.
  • a compressor comprising a stator casing arranged to contain mercury, a rotor supported for rotation in said casing, a compression chamber in the rotor between the axis of the rotor and the circumference thereof, a passage from the central part of the rotor to the compression chamber, a valve controlled by centrifugal force dugifng rotation of the rotor to close said passa e, means for delivering the mercury from t e stator casing into said passage whereby the mercury underthe impulse of centrifugal force will open said valve and pass into the compression chamber and effect Icompression in said chamber, and an outlet passage from the compression chamber which is closed by saidl valve when said valve is moved by aaa/rasee l p the mercury as. aforesaid and which is open when said valve is in position to close said l first-named passage.
  • a compressor comprising 4a stator casing arranged to contain mercury, a rotor supported for rotation in said casing, a compression chamber in said rotor, a series of impeller vanos supported by the rotor for l imparting initial movement of the mercury toward said compressionV chamber, ay valve arranged to open by the pressure of the mercury passing to the compression ⁇ cham-.
  • a compressor comprising a stator casing arranged to contain mercury, a rotor supported tor rotation in said casing, a com- ⁇ pression chamber in said rotor, a series of .impeller vanes supported bythe rotor tor imparting initial movement of the mercury Atorvardsaid compression chamber, and a valve controlling the movement ci the mercury into the compression chamber.
  • a compressor comprising a stator casing arranged to contain mercury, a rotor supported for rotation in said casing, av compression chamber in said rotor, a passage for conducting the mercury from the stator casing into said compression chamber, a valve controlling the passage 4of mercury to the compression chamber and arranged to open under pressure of the mercury insaid passage, and a series of impeller vane's supported by the rotor and having their lower ends immersed in the mercury in the stator casing and arranged to impart initial-movement of the mercury from the stator casing through said passage to the compression chamber.
  • a compressor comprising a stator casing arranged to contain mercury, a rotor supported for rotation in said casing, a compression chamber in said rotor, a passage for conducting the mercury from the stator casing into said compression chamber, a series of impeller vane's supported by the rotor and having their lower ends immersed in the mercury in the stator casing and arranged to impart initial movement of the mercury from the stator casing through said passage to the compressor chamber, and a valve in said passage preventing iiovv of the mercury intothe compression chamber until a predetermined quantity of the mercury is in said passage arranged to open under the pressure of the mercury to permit theiincrcury to pass into Said passage.
  • a compressor comprising a stator casing arranged to contain mercury, a rotor supported for rotation in said casing, a compression chamber in said rotor, a passage for conducting the mercury from the stator casing into said compression chamber, a series ofimpellcr vanes supported by the ,rotor and having their lower ends immersed 'said passage arranged to open under the pressure of the mercury to permitthe mercury to pass into said passage, and means for closing said valve after the mercury has passed into the compression chamber.
  • a compressor comprising a stator cas- ⁇ ing arranged to contain mercury, a rotor supported for rotation in said casing, a compression chamber in said rotor, a passage for conducting the mercury from the stator casing into said compression chamber, a valve controlling the passage of mercury to the compression chamber and arranged to vopen under pressure of the mercury in said passage, a series of impeller vanes supported by the rotor and havin their lower ends immersed in the mercury 1n the stator casing and arranged to impart initial movement ot the mercury from the stator casing through said passage to the compressor chamber, and a passage .controlling the. discharge of the compression and the mercury from said com pression chamber into the stator casing.
  • a compressor comprising a stator casing arranged to contain mercury, a/rotor supported for rotation in said casing', a compression chamber in said rotor, a passage tor conducting the mercury from the stator casing into said compression chamber, a series of impeller vanes supported by the rotor and having their lower ends immersed in the mercury in the stator casing and arranged to impart initial movement of the mercury trom the stator casing through said passage tothe compression chamber.
  • a valve in said passage preventing dow or the mercuryinto the compression chamber until a predetermined quantity of the mercury is in said passage arranged to open under the pressure oiZ the mercury to permit the mercury to pass into said passage, and a passage for the discharge of the compression and the mercury from said compression chamber into the stator casing.
  • a compressor comprising a stator cas ing arranged to contain mercury, a rotor supported for rotation in said casing, a compression chamber in said rotor, a passage for conducting the mercury from the stator casing into said compression chamber, a series of impeller vanes supported by the rotor and having their lower ends immersed in the mercury in the stator casing and arranged to impart initial movement ci the mercury from the stator casing through said passage to the compressor chamber, a valve in said passage preventing flow ott the mercury into the compression chamber until a predeter- Ymined quantity ofthe mercury viis-1in said passage arrangedto open underthe pressure of the mercury to permit the mercury to pass into said passage, means for closingsaid valve after the mercury has passed 1nto ing into said compression chamber to effect compression in said chamber, means supported by the rotor for impartingv initial movement of the mercury from the stator casing through said passage to said compression chamber, a valve controlling sald passage arranged to yield to the pressure of the mercury under the impulse
  • a compressor comprising a stator casing arranged to contain mercury, a rotor supported for rotation in the stator casing, a receiving chamber in the ⁇ rotor communicating with the compression chamber, a valve closing communication from the receivingchamber to the compression chamber, means acting under centrifugal force to hold said valve closed and leaving said valve free to be moved to open position by the pressure of the mercury under centrifugal force, impeller vanes supported by the rotor for delivering mercury from the stator casing into the receiving chamber, and means controlling the discharge of the mercury and the compression from the compression chamber.
  • A' compressor comprising a stator l casing arran ed to contain mercury, anti-v .friction bearings supported by thestator casing, a rotor within the stator casingjournaled for rotationfin said bearings, a
  • a compressor comprising a stator casing arranged to contain mercury, antifriction bearings su ported by the stator casing, a rotor Wit 'n the stator casing journaled for rotation in said bearings, a compression chamber in the rotor, means for delivering mercury under the impulse of centrifugal force from the stator rcasing kinto said compression chamber to effect compression in said chamber, a valve controlling discharge of the mercury and the compression from the compression chamber into the stator, a ldevice actuated by centrifugal force for opening said valve to perpression from the compression chamber into the stator, an air supply passage through the axis of the rotor for delivering air into said compression chamber, and a valve supported by the rotor controlling said passage.
  • a compressor comprising a rotor, a compression chamber in the rotor, a passage for admitting mercury into the compression chamber for effecting compression therein, a valve controlling vsaid passage, and a centrifugal device holding said valve closed and arranged to yield to the pressure of the mercury at the proper time to permit the mercury to pass into the compression chamber.
  • a compressor comprising a rotor, a compression chamber in the rotor, a passage for admitting mercury into the compression chamber for effecting compression therein, a valve controlling said passage, a centrifugal device holding said Valve closed and arranged to yield to the pressure of the mercury at the proper time to permit the mercury to pass into the compression chamber, a discharge passage from the compression chamber, and a valve controlling said discharge passage and arranged to yield when the desired compression has been obmit discharge of the mercury and the coml nance pression and the mercury to pass from saidu chamber.
  • a compressor comprising a rotor, a compression chamber in the rotor, a passage for admitting mercury into the compression chamber for etfecting compression therein, a valve controlling said passa e, a centrifugal device holding said valve c oscd andy arranged to yield to the pressure ot the mercury at vthe proper time to permit the mercury topass into the compression chamber, a discharge passage from the compression -chamber, a valve controlling said discharge passage and arranged to yield l when the desired compression has been obtained in said chamber to permit the cornpression and the mercury to pass from said chamber, a condenser, and a passage vfor conveying to the condenser the compression that is discharged from the compression chamber.
  • a com ressor comprising a stator casing arrange to contain mercury, a rotor journaled for rotation in the stator casing, a compression chamber in the'rotor, a receiving chamber in the rotor communicating With the compression chamber, a valve controlling discharge of the mercury and the compression from the compression chamber into the stator, a device actuated by centrifugal force for opening said valve to permit discharge of the mercury and the compression from the compression chamber into the stator, a passage for admitting mercury to the receiving chamber from the stator casing, and a series of inclined impeller vaines in said passage for delivering mercury into the receivin chamber as an incident to the rotation of t e rotor.
  • a compressor comprising a stator casing arranged to contain mercury, a rotor journaled for rotation in the stator casing,
  • a compression chamber in the rotor a receiving chamber in the rotor communicating with the compression chamber, a passage for admitting mercury to the receivin chamber from the stator casing, a series o inclined impeller varies in said passage for delivering mercury into the receiving chamber as an incident to the rotation of the rotor, and a valve controlling the discharge of the mercury from the receiving chamber into the compression chamber.
  • a compressor comprising a stator casing arranged to contain mercury, a rotor journaled for rotation in the stator casing, a compression chamber in the rotor, a receiving chamber in the rotor communicating with the compression chamber, a passage for admitting mercury to the receiving chamber from the stator casing, a series of inclined impeller vanes in said passage for delivering mercury into the receiving chamber as an incident to the rotation of the rotor, a valve controlling the discharge of thev mercury trom the iving chamber into the com,- pression chamber, and a centrifugal device holding said valve closed until the desired quantity ot mercury has accumulated inthe receiving chamber and permittin the valve to be opened by the ressure oit t e mercury against said valve vv en 'the desired quantity oi mercury has been received in the receiving chamber.
  • a compressor comprising a stator casing arranged to contain mercury, a rotor journaled tor rotation in the stator casing, a compression chamber in the rot-or, a receiving chamber in the rotor communicating with the compression chamber, a passage for aitting mercury to the receiving chamber from the stator casing, a series oit inclined impeller vanes in said passage for delivering mercury into the receivin chamber as an incident to the rotation o the rotor, a valve controlling the discharge'ot the mercury :from the receiving chamber into the compression chamber, a centrifu al device holding said valve closed until t e desired quantity oit mercury has acculated in the receiving chamber and permittin the valve to b e opened by the pressure of t e mercury against said valve when the desired quantity o mercuryhas been received in the receiving chamber, and an outlet from the compression chamber arranged to be closed by said valve when the valve is moved by the mercury as aforesaid.
  • a compressor comprising a stator asmg arranged to contain mercury, a rotor yournaled iler rotation in said casing, a compression chamber in the rotor, a receiving chamber inthe rotor communicating vvithA the compression chamber, an outlet 'from the compression chamber, a valve controlling communication from the receiving chamber to the com ⁇ ression chamber and controlling the outlet om the compression chamber, a centrifugal device forholding said valve in posltion to close communication from the receiving, chamber to the compression chamber and to leave said outlet open, and means for causing the mercury to enter the receivinar chamber and to press against said valve eFectively to open counication to the compression chamber and to cause said valve to close said outlet.
  • a com ressor comprising a stator casing arrange to contain mercury, a rotor journaled for rotation in the stator casing, a receiving chamber in the rotor, an outlet from the compression chamber, a, passage from the receiving chamber to 'the compression chamber, a valve movable from position to close said passage to position to close said outlet and vice versa, means for delivering mercury into said receivin chamber, and a centrifugal device for iolding said valve in position to close said passage till lll@
  • a compressor comprising a stator cas-4 ing arranged to contain mercury, a Arotor journaled for rotation in the stator casing, a receiving chamber infthe rotor, an outlet from the compression chamber, a passage from the receiving chamber to the compres' sion chamber, a valve movable from position to close said passage to position to close said outlet and vice versa, means for delivering mercury into said receiving c liamber, a centrifugal device for holding sa1d,va1ve in position to close said passage and leaving the valve free to be moved by the pres sure of the mercury from the receiving chamber to position to open said passage and to close said outlet to permit the mercury to pass through said assage into the compression chamber to.e ect compression in said chamber, means for dischargin the compression from the compression c amber, and a condenser arranged to receive the' compression.
  • a compressor comprising ya stator casing arranged to contain mercury, a rotor journaledfor rotation in the stator casing, a receiving chamber in the rotor,l an ciitlet.
  • a condenser arranged to receivethe com' pression, and means for delivering air into the compression chamber after each com-A,

Description

ug. 7, 11923. HAEQQ E. WILSON COMPRESSOR Filed March 5. 1921 3 Sheets-Sheet 1 f5.5- ll Ausg. 7, ll923.
E. WLSON COMPRES S 0H Filed March s. 1921 s sheets-sheet 2 Aug. 7, 11923.
' E. WILSUN COMPRESSOR l 2 9 l s. h C
r m d e l .l F
3 Sheets-Sheet 5 mmv,
lll
EDWARD 10N', 0F' FT. LOUIS, MISSOURII, .SSIGNR T0 WILSON ENGEEBIN,
CMFANY, 0F S'll. lLCPUI, MISSOURI, A CFJFOIEATIEN 0F MIlSBURll.
eomranssonl apparence rica naman a, rear. serial no. atacar.
To all 'whom t may concern Be it known that l, lEnwAnD WILsoN, a citizen of the United States, residing at St. Louis, Missouri, have invented a new and useful Compressor, of which the following is a specification.
This invention relates to compressors.
An object of the invention is to provide a compressor of novel and improved construct-ion and mode of operation and in which the compressor mechanism operated by a motor or the like comprises novel and om cient equipment for effectingthe compression.
Another object of the invention is to rovide a compressor with a valve whic is automatic in its operation to control the circulation of the mercury, or the like, which is employed as the agent for effecting compression within a compression chamber.
Another object of the invention is to provide an improved mercury compressor with novel means for causing circulation of the mercury for effecting compression within a compression chamber.
Another object of the invention is to provide an improved mercury compressor with novel equipment for insuring efficient operation and functioning of all of the mechanism, and possessing the characteristic that the parts cannot become dislocated or displaced, but are positively retained in pro er adjustment in such manner that they o er a minimuml of resistance to the operation of the mechanism.
Another object of the invention is to provide an improved mercury compressor including a mercury chamber and a compression chamber, in combination with novel mechanism for e'ecting circulation of the mercury into the compression chamber to effect compression therein and for discharging the mercury from the compression chamber after it has rformed its function, the construction andpiperation being such that the mercury is maintained in continuous circulation when the compressor is operating, so that the compression is also continuous.
Various other objects and advantages of my improved compressor will be apparent from the following description in which reference is made to the drawings showing one embodiment of the invention, and in which- Fig. l is a sectional view of the compres- SOT'.
Fig. 2 is a sectional view of the rotor showing other features of the invention and may. be considered'as ta'lren approximately at right angles to the line on which Fig. l 1s taken.
Fig. 2a is a plan view' of a part of the rotor employed to effect circulation of the mercury.
Fig. 3 is a sectional view of the condenser.l
Fig. a is a side elevation of the con denser.
In the particular embodiment of the invention shown the stator comprises a number of detachable parts constituting a casing and support for the operative mechamsm and forming a chamber or receptacle for the mercury which is employed to edect compression within a compression chamber. The part l. of the stator constitutes the receptacle for the mercury and is provided with an upper end wall 2 which supports the part 3 on which the motor 4l is mounted. rl`he upper wall 2 of the statoris formed with a lubricant receptacle 5 to which lubricant may be delivered through a vent ti equipped with a removable plug. 'llhe upper end wall 2 of the stator supports a member 7 which carries an anti-friction bearing 8 while the upper wall 2 carries another` anti-l friction bearing 9. A.' shaft l() is supported for rotation in the bearings 8 and 9. Between said bearings 8 and 9 the shaft 10 operates within a packing bearing including a sleeve l1 having circumferential flanges operating within grooves-in a housing 12. Packing material 13 is supported within the inner end of the sleeve ll and is compressed therein by a member lll. A. spring 15 is interposed between the meniber 14 and the upper end of the hub of the rotor which is attached to the inner end of the shaft 10, and acts to press the parts of the packing bearing close together to maintain a perfect seal and prevent the passage of air between said parts. A wick 16 entending into the lubricant in the lubricant 'receptacle 5 serves to conduct the lubricant to the bearing for the shaft 10.
A rotor which operateswithin the stator housing is driven by the shaft 10. The ro ltlll chamber, and then returning the mercury from the compression chamber to the stator receptacle. This operation is continuous and the mercury is successively passed through the-rotor to maintain continuity of compression. The rotor shown comprises an upper part 17 having an axial hub Journaled 1n the bearmg 9 and secured to the shaft 10; and a lower part 18 attached to the part 17. A compression chamber 19 is formed between the parts 17 and 18 and it is by the circulation of the mercury through the chamber 19 that compression is obtained.
The upper part 17 of the rotor has a central chamber 20 across which the part 21 extends, the same being integral or otherwise made rigid with the upper part 17 of the rotor. In the operation of the rotor the mercury is taken up intothe chamber 20 between the part 21 and the walls of the chamber 20 in which said part 21 is supported. The mercury may be raised and delivered into the chamber 20 by any appropriate means. As shown the means for raising and delivering the mercury from the stator to the chamber 20 comprises a number of impeller vanes 22 made rigid or integral with a part 23 which is in connection with the rotor. The impeller vanes are arranged obliquely, having their lower ends in advance or in front of their upper ends, considering the direction of rotation of the rotor. This will be clearly understood by reference to Fig. 2a, in which the impeller vanes are shown, it being intended that the rotor revolve in a counter-clockwise direction when the imeller vanes are arranged as there shown. gf course, it is obvious that the direction 'of rotation of the rotor is Wholly immaterial, it being important only that the impeller vanes shall be effective to raise and deliver the mercury into the chamber 20; and if it is desired to rotate the rotor in a clock-- wise direction the impeller vanes will, of
course, be inclined in the other directionA immersed in the mercuryso that when the compressor is placed in operation the mercury will be continuously raised by the impeller vanes and delivered into thechamber 20. During such operation all or the Inerof mercury within the stator by the rotation of the rotor is prevented by a baile 26 secured to a stationary support 27 which is in connection with the stator wall 1. A small annular space is left between the baie 26 and the adjacent portion of the rotor intoand from which the mercury is free to pass'.
The part 21 of the rotor is rigid with a hollow shaft 28 which extends through the lower wall of the part 1 and is journaled in an anti-friction bearing 29 supported by saidlower wall. A sleeve 30 has its lower end forming an hermetic and impervious joint with the lower wall of the part 1, and extends upwardly within the cylindrical member 25. The upper end of the sleeve 30 is above the level of the mercury in the stator so that it is impossible for the mercury to pass through the opening in the lower wall of the stator part 1, through which the hollow shaft 28 extends.
As before stated the rotor contains a compression chamber 19. It is by forcing the mercury into the compression chamber 19 that compression is obtained. The mercury is delivered into the compression chamber 19 by centrifugal force and the How of the mercury to the compression chamber is controlled by an improved valve device which operates automatically to open and to close communication from the chamber 20 to the compression chamber 19. The valve device mentioned is clearly shown in Fig. 1 and comprises a valve 31 on the end of an axially movable valve'stem 32 extending through the passage 33 forming a communication from the chamber 2O to the compressor chamber 19. There is sutlicient space around the stem 32 within the passage 33 to permit the mercury to move through said passage under the impulse of centrifugal force. The opposite end of the valve stem 32 comprises an enlarged weighted part 34, the weight of which exceeds the combined weight of the valve 31 and the small part of the stem 32. The valve stem 32,- including the weighted portion 34, extends diametrically across the rotor and is lcapable of axial movements to and from position to close the valve 31. Since the weighted end 34 of the valve stem is heavier than the valve 31 and the small part of. the stem 32 and extends about the axis of the rotor, it is an obvious fact that whenthe rotor is operating the valve 31 will be held closed, due to centrifugal force, until the greater weight of the weighted end 34 of the valve stem is overcome. The parts are arranged an vproportioned properly S9 that when the cham-` Leashes ber 20 andthe passage 33 become filled with mercury the pressure of the mercury against the valve 31, under the impulse of centrifugal force, will overcome the resistance of the Weighted end 34 of the valve. When this occurs the valve 31 is moved radially away from its seat against the end of the passage 33, thus permitting the mercury to move centrifugally through said passage 33 and into the compression chamber 19. 'llhe outer end of the Walls of the passage 33 is within an enclosin part 35, having a discharge opening 36 1n the end thereof. The opening 36 is normally in communication with the compression chamber 19, but is closed by the valve 31 When said valve is forced centrifugally from the end of the passage 33 to permit the mercury to pass into the compression chamber. `Obviously, as the mercury is forced into the compression chamber there is a compression of air in said chamber. As the compressed air from the compression chamber passes therefrom into the stator, as hereinafter explained, the air Within the stator is compressed and, since there are :rapidly successive operations of compression of the character de scribed, the air within the compressor becomes greatly compressed.
When the desired degree of compression is obtained in the compression chamber 19 as a result of the delivery of the mercury into said chamber under the impulse of centrifugal force as described, the compressed air and the mercury are discharged from said compression chamber 19 into the stator case or housing. As the successive operations of compression are continuous the result is that a high degree of compression is obtained. The discharge of the compressed air and the mercury from the compression chamber 19 is effected through a valve controlled discharge passage. rllhe discharge passage includes an opening 37 (Fig. 2) through one vvall of the chamber 19 communicating with `an opening 38 into the stator casing or housing. The valve 39 is at the inner end of the opening 37 and is of a yielding structure which normally retains the valve in position to close the opening 37. Moreover, the centrifugal force created by the rotation of the rotor also acts upon the valve 39 to hold the valve closed until the desired degree of compression is obtained Within the compression chamber 19. When the desired degree of compression is obtained in said compression chamber 19, the valve 39 is opened by the pressure from within the chamber overcoming the inherent tendency of the valve to remain closed, as Well as the centrifugal pressure against' the valve. This permits the compressed air and a part of the mercury in the compression chamber 19 to pass through the ,discharge passage, comprising the opening 37I and the passage 38. However, since the passage 37-38 leads inwardly from the compression chamber, some part of the mercury Will not pass through said passage, but Will be discharged from the compression chamberv through the opening` 36as described in the next paragraph. he compressed air is thereby delivered or discharged into the stator casing or housing and the mercury returns to the stator casing or housing. The operation of compression as above described is successively performed.
1t Will be understood that after the mercury is discharged from the passage 33 (Fig. l) into the compression chamber 19, the valve 31 is restored to position to close the end of the passage 33 and to open the opening 36, but this does not occur until the valve 39 is opened. When the opening 36 is opened by the valve 31 moving therefrom to close t e passage 33, as described, the remainder of the mercury in the compression chamber 19 is caused, under the impulse of centrifugal force, to pass from the compression chamber 19 through the opening 36 into the stator casing. As a result of the operation described, the pressure Within the compres sion chamber 19 becomes reduced below atmospheric pressure so that it is possible for fresh air to enter the compression chamber preparatory for the next compression. rll`he fresh air is admitted to the compression chamber 19 through a valve controlled passage 40 (Fig. 2) communicating With the hollow shaft 28. The lower end of the shaft 28 is Within a 'chamber 41. The shaft 28 Within the chamber 41 is protected by a mercury seal comprising a bell 42, the rim of which is immersed in mercury contained in an annular receptacle 43'formed between the Wall of the chamber 41 and a cylindrical flange 44 rising from the bottom Wall of said chamber 41. here is an opening 45 through the bottom Wall of the chamber 41 which is closed by a cup 46 movably supported Within the cylindrical flange 44. The cup 46 receives and traps anyi quantity of mercury thatmay pass through the passage 40 and the shaft 28, but permits air to be drawn by suction through the shaft 28 for delivery into the compression chamber 19. The suction is created as a result of the discharge of the compressed air and the mercury from the chamber 19 and, further, as a result of the centrifugal force causing a reduction of the pressure in the chamber 19 below the pressure in the stator casing or housing.
As shown (Fig. 2) the passage 49 is controlled by a suction valve comprlsing a valve member 47 and a spring 48 acting to hold the valve closed, but permitting the valve tol open under the ressure of the air drawn through the sha t 28 by suction.
The compressed air from the stator casing or housing passes through a passage 49 llO (Fig. 1) to a condenserl The condensermay be of an desired construction and arran e# ment. preferred form is shown. he condenser shown comprises a member containing numerous radial chambers 50 (Figs. 3 and 4) in communication with the passage 49 and arranged to receive the compressed air from said passage. The walls of the radial chambers 50 are immersed in water in a container 5l under the influence of which condensation is eifected. -The condenser is in communication with the chamber 41 through the space or clearance 52 around v the shaft 28 inthe bottom of the condenser,
and the chamber 41 is in communication with the usual coils (not shown).
From the foregoing it will be seen that m invention is characterized by numerous ady-I vantageous features which are cooperatively related so 'that the condenser wil perform its functions in a highly efficient manner. Many ofthe unessential features shown have not been described in detail, and it is apparent that as to such features and many others the compressor may be varied in its construction and arrangement without departing from the princip e and nature of the invention. I have not intended to restrict myself to unessential features, nor otherwise, except as set forth in the appended claims. y
What I claim and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is
1. A compressor, comprising a stator casing arranged to contain a quantity of mercury, a rotor journaled for rotation within the stator, a compression chamber in the rotor, a receiving chamber in the rotor, means for conveying the mercury from\the stator to the receiving chamber in the rotor, a passage from the receiving chamber to the -compression chamber in the rotor, and a valve controlling said passage and preventing the mercury from passing from the receiving chamber to the compression chamber until a predetermined pressure of the mercury against said valve exists.
2. A compressor, comprising a stator casing arranged to contain a quantity of mercury, a rotor journaled for rotation within the stator, a compression chamber in the rotor, a receiving chamber in the rotor, means for conveying the mercury from the stator to the receiving chamber in the rotor, a passage from the receiving chamber to the compression chamber in the rotor, a valve controlling said passage and preventing the mercury from passing from the receiving chamber to the compression chamber until a predetermined pressure of the mercury against said valve exlsts, and a valve controlling the-discharge of pressure from the compression chamber into the stator casing.
3. A compressor of the character described, comprising a stator casing arranged to contain a quantity of mercury, a rotor supported for rotation in the stator casing, a compression chamber in the rotor, a passage 'through the rotor to the compression chamber, a valve supported by the rotor and arranged to be held in closed position by centrifugal force when the rotor is' rotating until the ressure'against -the valve exceeds the centri ugal force, and means for forcin the mercury from the stator casin throu said passage to open said valve an into t e compression chamber to eiect compression therein.
4. A compressor of the character described, comprlsing a ator casing arranged to contain a quantity of mercury, a rotor supported for rotation in the stator casing, a compression chamber in the rotor, a passage through the rotor to the compression chamber, a valve supported by the rotor and arranged to be held in. closed position by centrifugal force when the rotor is rotating until the rcssure against the valve exceeds the centri ugal force, means for forcing the mercury from the stator casin through said passage to open said valve an into the compression chamber to effect compression therein, and -a valve controlling discharge of pressure from the compreion chamber into the stator casing.
5. A compressor of the character described, comprising a stator casing arranged to contain a quantity of mercury, a rotorv supported for rotation inthe'stator casing, a com ression chamber in the rotor, a passage tlrough the rotor to the compression chamber, a valve supported by the rotor and arranged to be held in closed position by centrifugal force when the rotor is rotating until the pressure against the valve exceeds the centrifugal force, means for forcing the mercury vfrom the stator casing through said passage to open said valve and into the compression chamber to effect compression therein, and means for admitting air into the compression chamber for compression.
6. A compressor of the character described, comprising a stator casing arranged to contain a quantity of mercury, a rotor supported for rotation in the stator casing, a compression chamber in the rotor, a passage through the rotor to the compression chamber, a valve supported by the rotor and arranged to be held in closed position by centrifugal force when the rotor is rotating until the pressure against the valve exceeds the centrifugal force, mea-ns for forcing the mercury from the stator casing through said passage to open said valve and into the compression chamber to effect Acompression therein, a valve controlling discharge of pressure from the compression chamber into the stator casing, and means for admitting air in the compression chamber successively for compression by successive operations as aforesal incassa A compressor ot the character described, comprising a stator casing, a rotor supported 4for rotation in the stator casing, a compression chamber in the rotor, a passage through the rotor for conducting mercury from the stator casing to the comp-ression chamber in the rotor, means operating With the rotor for causing the mercury to pass through said passage, and a valve held in one position by centrifugal Vtorce and movable to another position under the pressure ot the mercury passing to the compression chamber to admit the mercury into said chamber.
8. A compressor, comprising a stator casing arranged to contain mercury, a rotor supported for rotation in the stator casing, a compression chamber in the rotor, a passage through the rotor for conducting mercury trom the stator into said compression chamber, a valve controlling said passage and arranged to be retained in closed position by centrifugal torce When' the rotor is rotated, and means operating with the rotor for causing the mercury to pass into said passage to open said valve and to .pass into the compression chamber.
9. A compressor, comprising a stator casing arranged to contain mercury, a rotor supported for rotation in the stator casing,
a compression chamber in the rotor, a passage through the rotor for conduct-ing mercury from the stator into said compression chamber, a valve controlling s'aid passage and arranged to be retained in closed position by centrifugal torce when the rotor is rotated, means operating with the rotor for causing the mercury to pass into said passage to open said valve and to pass into the compression chamber, and means for (ontrolling the discharge of the compressed air from said compression chamber.
l0. A co-mpressor, comprising a stator casing arranged to contain mercury, a rotor supported for rotation in the stator casing, a compression chamber in the rotor, a passage through the rotor for conducting mercury from the stator intosaid compression chamber, a, valve controlling said passage and arranged to be retained in closed position by centrifugal force when the rotor is rota-ted, means operating with the rotor for causing the mercury to pass into said passage to open said valve and to pass into the compression chamber, means for controlling the discharge of the compressed air from said compression chamber, and means for delivering a` fresh supply of air into the compression chamber.
l1. A compressor, comprising a stator casing arranged to contain mercury, a rotor supported for rotation in the stator casing, a compression chamber in the rotor, a passage through the rotor opening into the compression chamber, a valve stem extending diametrically across the rotorviyvithin said pamage, a valve on one end of said valve stem for closing said passage, and a Weight on the opposite end of said valve stem effected by said centrifugal force to hold said valve closed.
l2. Acompressor, comprising a stator caeing arranged to contain mercury, anti-friction bearings supported by the Walls ot saidstator casing, a rotor su ported by said bearings for rotation in sai casing, an annular compression chamber in said rotor, a radial passage from the center of the rotor communicatingwith said compression chamber, a valve controlling said passage, and means operated b the rotor for delivering mercury into sai passage to press against and open said valve and enter the comp-ression chamber to effect compression therein under the impulse ot centrifugal force.
13. A compressor, comprising a stator caslng arranged to contain mercury, anti-friction bearings supported by the Walls of said stator casing, a rotor supported by said bearings for rotation in said casing, an annular compression chamber in said rotor, a radial passage from the center of the rotor communicating with said compression chamber, a valve controlling said passage, means operated by the rotor for delivering mercury into said passage to press against and open said valve and enter the compression chamber to effect compression therein under the impulse oit centrifugal force, and a valve controlled passage for permitting compression to pass from said compression chamber into the stator casing..
lt. A compressor, comprising a stator casing arranged to contain mercury, anti-triction bearings supported by the walls of said stator casing, a rotor supported by said bearings for rotation in said casing, an annular compression chamber in said rotor, a radial' paage from the center of the rotor communicating with said compression chamber, a valve controlling said passage, means operated by the rotor trdr delivering mercury into said passage to press against and open said valve and enter the compression chamber to elect compression therein under the impulse of .centrifugal force, a valve controlled passage for permitting compression to pass from said compression chamber into they stator casing, and a passage for conducting fresh air into the compression chamber.
15. A compressor, comprising a stator casing, a rotor journaled for rotation in said casing, a central chamber in said rotor, an annular compression chamber in said rotor, a radial passage from the central chamber communicating With the compression charnber, an annular pass age from the central chamber to the bottom of the stator casing, and impeller vanes supported by the-rotor for lll@ lld
causing mercury to ilow throu h said annun lar passage into said central c iamber. A
16. A compressor, comprismg a stator casing, a rotor journaled for rotation in said casi-ng, a central chamber in saidrotor, an annular compression chamber 1n said rotor, a radial passage from the central chamber communicating vwith the compression chamtrolling the centrifugal movement of the mercury to the compression chamber.
17. A compressor, comprising a stator casing arranged to contain mercury, a rotor supported for rotation in the stator casing, a compression chamber in the rotor between the axis of the rotor and its outer circumference, a passage through the 'rotor extending outwardly from near the axls of the rotor to said compression chamber, means operatingI with the rotor for causmg the mercury to move into said passage, a valve controlling said passage yand arranged to open under pressure of the mercury actuated by centrifugal force to permit the mercury to pass into the compression chamber to effect compresion therein, and automatic means for closing said valve after a quantity of the mercury has passed said valve into the compression chamber. l
18; A compressor, comprising a stator casing arranged to contain mercury, a rotor supported for rotation in the stator casing, a compression chamber in the rotor between the axis of the rotor and its outer circumference, a passage through the rotor extending outwardly from near the axis of the rotor to said compression chamber, means operating withthe rotor for causing the mercury to move into said passage, a
valve controlling said passage and arranged to open under pressure of the mercury actuated by centrifugal'force to permit the mercury to pass into the compression chamber to elfect compression therein, and means operated by the centrifugal force during rotation of the vrotor for closing said valve after a quantity ofmercury has passed said valve and has'efected compression in said compression chamber.
19. A compressorf'comprising a stator casing arranged tclcontain mercury, a rotor supported for rotation in the 'Sit'ator casing, a compression chamber in the rotor between the axis of the vrotor and its outer circumference, a passage through the rotor extending `outwardly from near the axis of 'the rotor to said compression chamber, means operating with the rotor for causing the mercury to move into said passage, a
' 1,4ea,eso
valve-controlling *said passage and arranged to open under pressure of the Amercury actuated by centrifugal force to permit the .mercury to pass into the compression chamber to effect compression therein, automatic means for closing said valve after a quantity of the mercury has passed said valve into the compression chamber, and a valve controlling discharge of `pressure from said compression chamber into the stator and -arranged to open under the pressure of the 'compression in said chamber and to close when compression has passed from said compression chamber into the stator.
20. A compressor, comprising a stator casing arranged to contain mercury, a rotor supported for rotation in the stator casing,
ya compression chamber in the rotor between sage, and means operating with the rotor to cause mercur to pass into said second passage and un er the impulse of centrifugal force to move said valve from position to open said second passage and to close said first-named passage.
21. A compressor, comprising a stator casing arranged to contain mercury, a rotor supported for rotation in saicasing, a compression chamber in the rotor between the a-xis of the rotor and the circumference thereof, a passage from the central part ofthe rotor to the compression chamber, a valve controlled by centrifugal force during'rotation of the rotor to close said passage, and means for delivering the mercury from the stator casing into said passage whereby the mercury under the impulse of centrifugal force will open said valve and pass into the compression chamber and effect compression in said chamber.
22. A compressor, comprising a stator casing arranged to contain mercury, a rotor supported for rotation in said casing, a compression chamber in the rotor between the axis of the rotor and the circumference thereof, a passage from the central part of the rotor to the compression chamber, a valve controlled by centrifugal force dugifng rotation of the rotor to close said passa e, means for delivering the mercury from t e stator casing into said passage whereby the mercury underthe impulse of centrifugal force will open said valve and pass into the compression chamber and effect Icompression in said chamber, and an outlet passage from the compression chamber which is closed by saidl valve when said valve is moved by aaa/rasee l p the mercury as. aforesaid and which is open when said valve is in position to close said l first-named passage.
23. A compressor, comprising 4a stator casing arranged to contain mercury, a rotor supported for rotation in said casing, a compression chamber in said rotor, a series of impeller vanos supported by the rotor for l imparting initial movement of the mercury toward said compressionV chamber, ay valve arranged to open by the pressure of the mercury passing to the compression `cham-.
ber, and means actuated by centrifugal force to close said valve.
24. A compressor, comprising a stator casing arranged to contain mercury, a rotor supported tor rotation in said casing, a com-` pression chamber in said rotor, a series of .impeller vanes supported bythe rotor tor imparting initial movement of the mercury Atorvardsaid compression chamber, and a valve controlling the movement ci the mercury into the compression chamber.
25. A compressor, comprising a stator casing arranged to contain mercury, a rotor supported for rotation in said casing, av compression chamber in said rotor, a passage for conducting the mercury from the stator casing into said compression chamber, a valve controlling the passage 4of mercury to the compression chamber and arranged to open under pressure of the mercury insaid passage, and a series of impeller vane's supported by the rotor and having their lower ends immersed in the mercury in the stator casing and arranged to impart initial-movement of the mercury from the stator casing through said passage to the compression chamber.
26. A compressor, comprising a stator casing arranged to contain mercury, a rotor supported for rotation in said casing, a compression chamber in said rotor, a passage for conducting the mercury from the stator casing into said compression chamber, a series of impeller vane's supported by the rotor and having their lower ends immersed in the mercury in the stator casing and arranged to impart initial movement of the mercury from the stator casing through said passage to the compressor chamber, and a valve in said passage preventing iiovv of the mercury intothe compression chamber until a predetermined quantity of the mercury is in said passage arranged to open under the pressure of the mercury to permit theiincrcury to pass into Said passage. ll
2'?. A compressor, comprising a stator casing arranged to contain mercury, a rotor supported for rotation in said casing, a compression chamber in said rotor, a passage for conducting the mercury from the stator casing into said compression chamber, a series ofimpellcr vanes supported by the ,rotor and having their lower ends immersed 'said passage arranged to open under the pressure of the mercury to permitthe mercury to pass into said passage, and means for closing said valve after the mercury has passed into the compression chamber.
28. A compressor, comprising a stator cas- \ing arranged to contain mercury, a rotor supported for rotation in said casing, a compression chamber in said rotor, a passage for conducting the mercury from the stator casing into said compression chamber, a valve controlling the passage of mercury to the compression chamber and arranged to vopen under pressure of the mercury in said passage, a series of impeller vanes supported by the rotor and havin their lower ends immersed in the mercury 1n the stator casing and arranged to impart initial movement ot the mercury from the stator casing through said passage to the compressor chamber, and a passage .controlling the. discharge of the compression and the mercury from said com pression chamber into the stator casing.
29. A compressor, comprising a stator casing arranged to contain mercury, a/rotor supported for rotation in said casing', a compression chamber in said rotor, a passage tor conducting the mercury from the stator casing into said compression chamber, a series of impeller vanes supported by the rotor and having their lower ends immersed in the mercury in the stator casing and arranged to impart initial movement of the mercury trom the stator casing through said passage tothe compression chamber. a valve in said passage preventing dow or the mercuryinto the compression chamber until a predetermined quantity of the mercury is in said passage arranged to open under the pressure oiZ the mercury to permit the mercury to pass into said passage, and a passage for the discharge of the compression and the mercury from said compression chamber into the stator casing.
30. A compressor, comprising a stator cas ing arranged to contain mercury, a rotor supported for rotation in said casing, a compression chamber in said rotor, a passage for conducting the mercury from the stator casing into said compression chamber, a series of impeller vanes supported by the rotor and having their lower ends immersed in the mercury in the stator casing and arranged to impart initial movement ci the mercury from the stator casing through said passage to the compressor chamber, a valve in said passage preventing flow ott the mercury into the compression chamber until a predeter- Ymined quantity ofthe mercury viis-1in said passage arrangedto open underthe pressure of the mercury to permit the mercury to pass into said passage, means for closingsaid valve after the mercury has passed 1nto ing into said compression chamber to effect compression in said chamber, means supported by the rotor for impartingv initial movement of the mercury from the stator casing through said passage to said compression chamber, a valve controlling sald passage arranged to yield to the pressure of the mercury under the impulse of centrifugal force to open said passage to permit the mercury to pass into said compression chamber to effect compression therein, means for discharging compression from the compression chamber into the stator casing, a condenser, and a passage communicating with the condenser from the stator casing.
32. A compressor, comprising a stator casing arranged to contain mercury, a rotor supported for rotation in the stator casing, a receiving chamber in the`rotor communicating with the compression chamber, a valve closing communication from the receivingchamber to the compression chamber, means acting under centrifugal force to hold said valve closed and leaving said valve free to be moved to open position by the pressure of the mercury under centrifugal force, impeller vanes supported by the rotor for delivering mercury from the stator casing into the receiving chamber, and means controlling the discharge of the mercury and the compression from the compression chamber.
compressor, ccmprlsing a Vstator casing arranged to contain mercury, a `ro.
tor supported for rotation in the stator casing, a receiving chamber in the rotor communicating with the compression chamber, a valve closing communication from the receiving chamber to the compression chamber, means acting under centrifugal force to hold said valve closed 'and leaving-said valve free to be moved to open position by the pressure of the mercury under centrifugal force, impeller vanes supported by the rotor for delivering mercury from the stator casing into the receiving chamber, means controlling the discharge of the Ymercury and the compression from the compression chamber, a condenser, and a passage for conducting the compression from Aacarrear to said con- 34. A' compressor, comprising a stator l casing arran ed to contain mercury, anti-v .friction bearings supported by thestator casing, a rotor within the stator casingjournaled for rotationfin said bearings, a
compression chamber in the rotor, means 'I for delivering mercury under' the impulse of centrifugal force'from the stator casing into said compression chamber to effect compression in said chamber, a valve con trolling discharge of the mercury and the compression from the compression chamber `into the stator, a device actuated by cen- \trifugal force for opening said valve to permit discharge of the mercury and the compression from the compression chamber into the stator, and an air supply passage through the axis of the rotor for delivering air into said compression chamber.
35. A compressor, comprising a stator casing arranged to contain mercury, antifriction bearings su ported by the stator casing, a rotor Wit 'n the stator casing journaled for rotation in said bearings, a compression chamber in the rotor, means for delivering mercury under the impulse of centrifugal force from the stator rcasing kinto said compression chamber to effect compression in said chamber, a valve controlling discharge of the mercury and the compression from the compression chamber into the stator, a ldevice actuated by centrifugal force for opening said valve to perpression from the compression chamber into the stator, an air supply passage through the axis of the rotor for delivering air into said compression chamber, and a valve supported by the rotor controlling said passage.
36. A compressor, comprising a rotor, a compression chamber in the rotor, a passage for admitting mercury into the compression chamber for effecting compression therein, a valve controlling vsaid passage, and a centrifugal device holding said valve closed and arranged to yield to the pressure of the mercury at the proper time to permit the mercury to pass into the compression chamber.
37. A compressor, comprising a rotor, a compression chamber in the rotor, a passage for admitting mercury into the compression chamber for effecting compression therein, a valve controlling said passage, a centrifugal device holding said Valve closed and arranged to yield to the pressure of the mercury at the proper time to permit the mercury to pass into the compression chamber, a discharge passage from the compression chamber, and a valve controlling said discharge passage and arranged to yield when the desired compression has been obmit discharge of the mercury and the coml nance pression and the mercury to pass from saidu chamber.
38. A compressor, comprising a rotor, a compression chamber in the rotor, a passage for admitting mercury into the compression chamber for etfecting compression therein, a valve controlling said passa e, a centrifugal device holding said valve c oscd andy arranged to yield to the pressure ot the mercury at vthe proper time to permit the mercury topass into the compression chamber, a discharge passage from the compression -chamber, a valve controlling said discharge passage and arranged to yield l when the desired compression has been obtained in said chamber to permit the cornpression and the mercury to pass from said chamber, a condenser, and a passage vfor conveying to the condenser the compression that is discharged from the compression chamber.
39. A com ressor, comprising a stator casing arrange to contain mercury, a rotor journaled for rotation in the stator casing, a compression chamber in the'rotor, a receiving chamber in the rotor communicating With the compression chamber, a valve controlling discharge of the mercury and the compression from the compression chamber into the stator, a device actuated by centrifugal force for opening said valve to permit discharge of the mercury and the compression from the compression chamber into the stator, a passage for admitting mercury to the receiving chamber from the stator casing, and a series of inclined impeller vaines in said passage for delivering mercury into the receivin chamber as an incident to the rotation of t e rotor.
4:0. A compressor, comprising a stator casing arranged to contain mercury, a rotor journaled for rotation in the stator casing,
a compression chamber in the rotor, a receiving chamber in the rotor communicating with the compression chamber, a passage for admitting mercury to the receivin chamber from the stator casing, a series o inclined impeller varies in said passage for delivering mercury into the receiving chamber as an incident to the rotation of the rotor, and a valve controlling the discharge of the mercury from the receiving chamber into the compression chamber.
41. A compressor, comprising a stator casing arranged to contain mercury, a rotor journaled for rotation in the stator casing, a compression chamber in the rotor, a receiving chamber in the rotor communicating with the compression chamber, a passage for admitting mercury to the receiving chamber from the stator casing, a series of inclined impeller vanes in said passage for delivering mercury into the receiving chamber as an incident to the rotation of the rotor, a valve controlling the discharge of thev mercury trom the iving chamber into the com,- pression chamber, and a centrifugal device holding said valve closed until the desired quantity ot mercury has accumulated inthe receiving chamber and permittin the valve to be opened by the ressure oit t e mercury against said valve vv en 'the desired quantity oi mercury has been received in the receiving chamber.
d2. A compressor, comprising a stator casing arranged to contain mercury, a rotor journaled tor rotation in the stator casing, a compression chamber in the rot-or, a receiving chamber in the rotor communicating with the compression chamber, a passage for aitting mercury to the receiving chamber from the stator casing, a series oit inclined impeller vanes in said passage for delivering mercury into the receivin chamber as an incident to the rotation o the rotor, a valve controlling the discharge'ot the mercury :from the receiving chamber into the compression chamber, a centrifu al device holding said valve closed until t e desired quantity oit mercury has acculated in the receiving chamber and permittin the valve to b e opened by the pressure of t e mercury against said valve when the desired quantity o mercuryhas been received in the receiving chamber, and an outlet from the compression chamber arranged to be closed by said valve when the valve is moved by the mercury as aforesaid.
4.3, A compressor, comprising a stator asmg arranged to contain mercury, a rotor yournaled iler rotation in said casing, a compression chamber in the rotor, a receiving chamber inthe rotor communicating vvithA the compression chamber, an outlet 'from the compression chamber, a valve controlling communication from the receiving chamber to the com` ression chamber and controlling the outlet om the compression chamber, a centrifugal device forholding said valve in posltion to close communication from the receiving, chamber to the compression chamber and to leave said outlet open, and means for causing the mercury to enter the receivinar chamber and to press against said valve eFectively to open counication to the compression chamber and to cause said valve to close said outlet.
ad. A com ressor, comprising a stator casing arrange to contain mercury, a rotor journaled for rotation in the stator casing, a receiving chamber in the rotor, an outlet from the compression chamber, a, passage from the receiving chamber to 'the compression chamber, a valve movable from position to close said passage to position to close said outlet and vice versa, means for delivering mercury into said receivin chamber, and a centrifugal device for iolding said valve in position to close said passage till lll@
ldti
iio
ltlll and leaving the valve free to be moved bythe pressure of the mercury from the rece1v ing chamber to position to open said assage and to close said outlet to permit t e mercury to pass through said assage into the compression chamber to e ect compression in said chamber. i
45. A compressor, comprising a stator cas-4 ing arranged to contain mercury, a Arotor journaled for rotation in the stator casing, a receiving chamber infthe rotor, an outlet from the compression chamber, a passage from the receiving chamber to the compres' sion chamber, a valve movable from position to close said passage to position to close said outlet and vice versa, means for delivering mercury into said receiving c liamber, a centrifugal device for holding sa1d,va1ve in position to close said passage and leaving the valve free to be moved by the pres sure of the mercury from the receiving chamber to position to open said passage and to close said outlet to permit the mercury to pass through said assage into the compression chamber to.e ect compression in said chamber, means for dischargin the compression from the compression c amber, and a condenser arranged to receive the' compression.
46. A compressor, comprising ya stator casing arranged to contain mercury, a rotor journaledfor rotation in the stator casing, a receiving chamber in the rotor,l an ciitlet.`
from .the compression chamber a passage from the receiving chamber. to the compression chamber, a valve movable from position to close said passage to position to close.
said outlet and vice versa, means for delivering mercury into said receiving chamber, a centrifugal device for holding said valve in position to close said passa e and leaving the valve free to be moved y the pressure of the mercury from the receiving, lpassage chamber 4to position to open said and to close said outlet to permit t e mercury to pass through said ipassage into the i compression chamber to e t compression in said chamber, means for discharging the compression froml the compression c amber,
a condenser arranged to receivethe com' pression, and means for delivering air into the compression chamber after each com-A,
pression has been completed.
47. A compreor, com rising a rotor, a
trolling said valve.
. EDWARD WILSON.
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