US1463790A - Refuse-destructor furnace - Google Patents

Description

A. BRCHOT REFUSE DESTRUGTOR FURNACE Filed Sept. 50 1919 2 Sheets-Sheet l REFUSE DESTRUCTOR :FURNAGE Filed Sept. 3Q. 1919 2 Sheets-Sheeaz Patented Aug. 7, 1923.

' Application ledl September TolaZZ whom it may concern: Be `it known.' that yAnonrrrn Bencno'r, citi- Zen of the French Republic, residing `at.7 Bue. de Lille, Paris, Seine,in the Republic of France, has -inventedcertain new and use'- ful Improvementsy ine Refuse-Destructor Furnaces, of which the following is a specification.

Thepresent invent-ion has for its object a furnacev for the -destructionof refuse or the combustion offin-aterials such as .turf,,etc. provided.' with improvements `which permit of `rendering the use thereof` simple, conven-` ient and economical.

These results are obtainedprincipally by. means ofwa` specialarrangement of grate with walls which are widened towards the bottom, and which permit of the instantane ous discharge ofthe burntmaterials being effected without effort, by means of Ia grid composed of two lrocking balanced parts which can be .worked simultaneously. The furnace has alsoanv arrangement by which the g'reaterportion of the unitsof heat still contained inthe materials thus discharged is recovered.` @y

i. ,The description about-toY be given with reference to;t he accompanying drawing which is given by way4 lof. example, relates toi a method` of ypractically carrying out the inventiongof whichit will .render the ,peculiarities and Yadvantages ,properly understood.

y Figurel is a vertical section from frpnt to back of the furnace constructedaceordmg to the invention. .f i

Figure 2 is a transverse section of its left handpart, yand a` semiend view of its right handpartI` y i Thefurnace represented in these gures isformed ofa chamber a, in the interior of wvhichis a blockpf masonry b of a form suitableforleading away theproducts of combustion, a ybridge 0, awgate cl 4and a discharging chamber gi.

vThe chamber avisy openat .its upper part at Lle. This opening serves for charging and is' surmounted at pleasure by an inclined chute formed by a register Oranyother suitable and wellknown charging arrangement. y

30,1919. sanar no. ea7,49a.

aspacef the form of a hopper, comprised i i between the inclinedwalls e2, e3' (see Figure 2) and `through whiclrthe Amaterials to `be destroyed descend on desired moment. f ,L

The grate Z is formed by `a metalbox f through whichair is circulated by means of a fan, the airbeing fed to the box by a pipe gconnected to a lcollector h placed in a4 vaulted chamber z' and` supplying a whole battery of furnaces placed side by side. The hollow box f has a doub-le purpose. It serves to heat up the airto support combustion and also-preventsbyv thecooling which results from the passage of the air over the linner walls which constitute the grate, the sticking of the materials or ,burnt clinlrers to the to they grateat the The `discharge `of these materials is thus carried out with facility, butit is rendered still more Vcomplete by the f special inclination of the walls'of the grate.l These are widened from `the top .downwards in lsuch away as to form an inverted hopper, both on its side faces as well asy on lits transverse faces. In the front transverse, face however, there is an interruption ofthe inclined wall andalso of the hollow box so as to form an .ope-ning correseponding to the doorj placed in the front off the furnace for the purposeof inserting the first charge yof fuel which is ignitedtolstart `the reatthe outset.

On the `other hand, on itsexternal side faces, the boxf hasits profile .broken as at 7c which contributesyto the Stability of the box. The box itself is supported by itsfront and rear ends which rest onthe walls Zof the lower part of the furnace. In order to ensurek the continuity of thesupport at the front, the open part of the box j only descends to near the lower level `of the box and a triangular passage m is leftywhich connectsthe two halves, i- 3 j Each of these halvesmhas Aan outlet for the air for' ventilatiomwhich is directed `by the pipe ninto 4the rocking piece corresponding the-reto forming one `of .the partsof the grid ofthegrate. f ,i

yThese rocking piecesA are representedrespectively at 0 and 01. They are constituted by two hollow identical panels the upper faces of which constitute the bottom of the grate d. These faeesare piercedal'ong their whole length by `holes, kSuchpas 'p ico which are constricted towards the top and whichformfmany passages for the air comingfrom-l the box f. p t

The air supply is adjustable by dampers such as g Which may bel of any kind.` The air is admitted -to the interior of -the panels at their rocking centres by means of a suitable connection, the junctions a of which form the internal fixed part Whichfits into the ends of the hollow trunnions of the pieces 0 `andi-01.' Supports sand 'slarranged at bothy front and back `outside .the grate receive fthe'tru-nnions whichfjare able torotate freelyin'th'emasonry portions Z.

Movement may be impartedsimultaneously to the two panels by a connection such as that represented in the figures.' 'A wheel't is fixed on the outer end of each of the trun-` nions r, and-one wheel is connected with the other by a crossed chainu.v In this way by meansof an operating lever o attached to one of the Wheels t simultaneous rotation of these-wheelsis producedincrder to completely 'release the bottom of the grate.

Counter-weights@ hung on cables fwound round pulleyswat the rear part bal-ance the masses in motionfin'such a way that the opening is effected Without any great effort. The lpanels then assume the vposi-tion indicated by dot and'da-sh lines ato2 in Figure 2. It 'will be vseen Ithat they are enti-rely moved out of the way and masked by the lower part ofthe box 'f the side faces vof which' over hang thein'side of the ashpit. The fixation of the wheels and the' grid panels is ensured by'means of a system of catches of the ordinary type' (not shown).` The ashpit g1 situated below the gratev has an' inner wall sharply inclined in the direction of al door 'which affords a passage from this ashpit `to 'an underground gallery fromwhi'chthe discharged products are co1- lected. l l L The' sidev and rear: walls `of the ashpit are' pierced lwith openings such as y which open intoa pipele whichestablishes a communication by which the hot gases 'evolved fromthe clinkers and other products vof combustion can befdirfected into the combustion chambera'whe're they pass through openfingsbl," `On another side this combustion clianibeiwreceives directly the gases issuing fromthe"ffurnace through the passages 01 and all, and the whole -is' evacuated through rear passages ell towards' apparatus where it is'-'used. i v y The air after leaving the fan may be suitably lpreheatedbefore passing into the furnace boxes. l` vThe working of this furnace Will be easily understood.4

'The refuse or materials tojbe burned may be shot by the transport vehiclesinto a hoist which yraises themA and delivers them tothe 'charging chute openingabove the opening e.

...the chambera1.

From there they fall at desired moments, on tothe bridgec andthe vapours which they evolve pass through `the passage c1 into Three or four times per hour the stokerby the aid of a curved fork which heA passes through the door jl situated above the `door j draws the refuse from the bridge c and causes it to fall on to the grate d Where he spreads it out through the door j. He then opens the damper of the charging chute so ythat ya fresh lot of the refusev contained. therein shall fall on to the bridge c. i

The air supplied by the fan after having been, if desired, preheated, enters the box f ofy the furnace through the pipe g. In passing through the box, the air also absorbs a certain quantity of the heat from the inner walls of this box and thus cools these walls,'and it finally entersthe panels z of thegrate. It will be seen that the vapours from the refuse on the bridge c, thesmoke andI flames from the furnace andthe hot gases from the chamber of the .ashpit-g1 alll flow into the combustion chamber. al whence they pass` through the rear passage e1.

About every hour, when the destruction of the refuse is judged-to be complete, the Stoker actuates his operatinglever o for the purpose of opening the two panelsof the Y grate'. 'The fused clinker and slag fallinto thev ashpit Withoutleaving anything sticking to the Walls of the' furnace. Thev Stoker then `immediately closes the grate again `by turning his lever in the lreverse direction, He then causes the dried refuse to' fall from the bridge on the grate, recharges the bridge again' andi so oni-The clinkers are extinguished in the chamber'g1 and each timeit is vdesired to effect 'afresh discharge' by opening the grate, the door a: isfrst opened in order to discharge the clinkers and leave room for more. I .l f

vIn the lconstruction equivalent' sections must naturally be provided fori supplying air to the different parts. In'particular the total sectionofthe holes pin the panels'must bev practically equal to that of the conduits n. The dust Which may in course of time i collect in thev interior ofl these panels is Withdrawn through the corresponding'trunnions, but it lshould be noted that the accumulation of such dustisv very rareowing to the ventilationand the density of the Inaterials falling into the furnace.

` I-t must be understood also that the above arrangements are yin no way limitative, and that the proportions` and details of the various parts'of the furnace may be varied according to circumstances While yet keeping withnrthe scope of the invention. What I claim and desire to secure by-Letters Patent of the United States is 1.'An' nci'nerating furnace comprising, in combination, a block of masonry'in which is formed a chamber, holes in said masonry for charging and vdischarging purposes, a drying bridge in the interior of the chamber to receive the material to be incinerated which are tipped through the charging hole, a combustion chamber situated beneath the bridge and having inclined walls in the form of a hopper, a grate, the sides of which are formed by a metal box through which air is circulated, the inner walls of said box inclining outwardly from top to bottom, said grate having hollow panel members pivotally mounted in the lower part of the combustion chamber, means for rocking said, grate members, means for feeding' air `into the furnace through the grate members, a lower chamber under the grate for collecting the residues of the combustion, and pipes connecting the lower chamber with the combustion chamber for enabling the heat evolved from the residues of the combustion to be utilized.

2. An incinerating furnace comprising, in combination, a block of masonry in which is formed a chamber, holes in said masonry for charging and discharging purposes, a drying bridge in the interior of the chamber to receive the materials to be incinerated which are tipped through the charging hole, a combustion chamber situated beneath the bridge and having inclined walls in the form of a hopper, a grate, the sides of which are formed by ametal box through which air is circulated, the inner walls of said box inclining outwardly from top to bottom, oscillatory hollow panels in the bottom of said grate and provided with holes in their upper faces through which air previously circulated through the metal box is blown into the furnace, said panels having lhollow trunnions rotatably supported at each end of the furnace, the outer trunnions communicating with the metal box, a toothed wheel on each of the outer trunnions, a chain connecting the toothed wheels to e'ect simultaneous rotation of the trunnions and rocking of the grate panels, a lever attached to one wheel for controlling the rocking of the grate panels towards or away from one another, counterweights for balancing said panels, a lower chamber under the grate for collecting the residues of the combustion, and pipes connecting the lower chamber with the combustion chamber for enabling the heat evolved from the residues of the combustion to be utilized.

In testimony whereof I affix my signature.

ADOLPHE BRCHOT.

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