US1463000A - Process of making paper pulp - Google Patents

Description

July 24, 1923. 1,403,000

B.J.BELUNGER PROCESS OF MAKING PAPER PULP Filed July 2 1921 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 July 24, 1923.. 1.463.000-

B. J. BELLINGER PROCESS OF MAKING PAPER PULP Filed July 2, 1921 2 Sheets-Shet 2 0 b o 0 do 0 o 0 o o 0 9.45- o o o 10 aka 3/0 0 l2 /4/ gtwewfoz $29M Patented duly 24, T9233.

it srrs treats BURT J. IBELLINGER, F DEXTER, NEW YORK.

PROCESS 0E MAKING PAPER PULP.

Application filed July 2,

To all wit/omit my concern:

Be it known that BURT J. BELLINGER, citizen of the v United States, residing at Dexter, in the county of Jefierson and State 6 of New York, has invented certain new and useful Improvements in Processes of Mark ing Paper Pulp, of which the following is a specification.

' My 'nvention relates to a process of pro- 1 ducing sulphite pulp and one of the objects of the invention is to produce a pulp which will have longerfiber than that produced by the present processes.

, The present state of the art of producing l v sulphi-te pulp I understand to be as follows:

The chipped wood is cooked in a digester of well-known character, suificiently to dissolve out the constituent gums, thereby libcrating the fiber. The fiber is then pa$ed .30 to the knotter which separates those portions, consistsing of bark,,knots and foreign matter which has 'not been reduced to pulp in the digester, from the fibrous portions.

This rejected portion of bark, knots, etc. is 25 then ground and stored 'for use as hereinafter described.

The fibrous pulp is then passed overa cutplate screen having slots there through of 18 to 21 thousandths in width. Through these slots 75 to 90 per cent'of the pulp pasms. This product is partially prepared firsts. This variation of from 75 to 90 per cent is due'to the varying toughness of the wood fiber and the variation in degree of intensity of cook. The to per cent of stock, consisting of partly prepared semnds, which passes over the screen is stored in bins for later treatment as hereinafter described. Then the 75 to 90 per cent of firsts is passed through a Jordan or Holland heater, or a collar gang in which the pulp is ground by rigidly set steel opposite steel, steel opposite stone, or stone opposite stone. While this operation further separates fiber from fiber it also tends to break and cut the fiber into shorter lengths, to its injury.

From this operation the pulp is passed to another cut-plate screen finer than the earlier one, and having slots from 8 to l2 thousandths wide. About 90 per cent of this til 1921. Serial no. 482,180.

pulp passes through the cut-plate, the prodnot being finished firsts, which is then ready to go to the wet machine. The 10 per cent rejections from this cut-plate is then mixed withthe 10 to 25 per cent rejections of the first cut-plate and fed to a Jordan or Holland or collar gang. I From there thepulp is sent over a cutpla'te screen having 8 to 12 thousandths slots. That portion of the pulp, about 85 W per cent passing through this screen is called seconds and is ready for use in a wet machine for making an inferior stock. The 15 per cent rejection is then mixed with the ground rejections from the knotter and' is ready for use as filler for cardboard, etc. I In the herein described process, it is desirable to conserve the strength of the fiber, to cook the chips the least possible amount consistent with suitable disintegration of m the chips, so as to liberate the fiber without undue oxidation. If the chipsare undercifigked the pulp requires more beating and a larger percentage passes into seconds. If the pulp is over-cooked, the fibers are weak- 7 ened and become unduly shortened by breakage in the heaters. It will also be understood that substantially 'all the foregoing steps are performed in the presence of suflicient water to cause the freely.

My improved processhas for its fundamental point. the fact that instead of separating the fibers in-the customary manner by means of a Jordan or Holland beater or collar gang as hereinabove described, ll subject the digested pulp to the operation of a Bellinger carding machine in which the fiber is efficiently separated without being out or shortened. so

Referring to the drawings; Fig. 1 is a flow sheet illustrating the steps of the process, and

Fig. 2 is a side elevation of the carding machine broken away to show the internal t5 arrangement, and

Fig. 3 is a view of a carding brush, and

Fig. t is a section on the line 4-4 of Fig. 2.

lln my process, the chipped wood is cooked lite pulp to flow I gether to some extent but said fibers are later separated successfully in the Bellinger machine without injury to the fiber. Next the cook is passed through the knotter 2,

where the bark and knotty portions are removed. This rejected portion of bark and knots is ground and stored, for use as hereinafter described. Then the pulp portion is put through a thickener 3 which abstracts a portion of the water, reducing the pulp to as stifl' a consistency as will flow vertically downwardly over a wet board. Thence into the Bellinger machine 4 which partially separates the fibers from each other without breaking or cutting or otherwise shortening them.

The pulp is then passed over a cut-plate screen 5 having 18 to 21 thousandths slots, resulting in from 95 to 97 per cent of partially prepared firsts. The remaining three to five per cent of partly preparedseconds are stored for further treatment, to be described later herein. These firsts may be then put through a succession of Bellinger units 6 and 7 resulting in a further separation of the fibers. Then the pulp is passed over a cut-plate screen 8, having 8 to 12 thousandths slots, resulting in 95 to 97 pg: cent of finished firsts which are then reai y for the wet machine. The remaining 3 to 5 per cent of seconds is then mixed with the earlier lot of seconds and the resultant mass of pulp put through a succession of two or three Bellinger units. The product is then passed over a cut-plate screen having 8 to 12 thousandths slots resulting'in 80 to 90 per cent of finished seconds which are ready for the wet machine 9 for making an inferior stock. The 10 to 20 per cent rejections are then mixed with the ground bark and knots for use as filler for cardboard. etc.

It will be observed that my improved process entirely omits the use of a Jordan or .HoL land heater or of a collar gang, thereby conserving the integrity of the fiber. The Jordam and other heaters cut the fiber crosswise,

, thereby shortening the length of the fiber and greatly reducing its felting quality. The Bellinger machine does not cut the fiber but efiiciently separates the fibers from each other without injury to the fiber.

Other advantages inherent in my new process are: a

As the chips are cooked under less pres-- sure and for a shorter time and with. weaker eeaooo acid the result is a definitely stronger fiber. Also the shorter time required for a cook,

permits more cooks per week and therefore I greater production. There is also a material savin in temperature, pressure, and steam,

there ore of coal to produce the steam.

The under-cooking of the chips results in the retention of a larger proportion of the cementitious wood gums, thereby producing more weight of useful product per cord of wood. Under the old process these were more fully dissolved and wasted.

A definite reduction of equipment and' floor room required therefor is attained by the elimination of the heaters. Also the power required to drive the heaters is saved. The beaters are definitely injurious to the stock in reducing the length of the fibers. Also the heaters tend to ball the stock and not to open it out.

The Bellinger machine performs a distinct carding action, separating and combing the fibers apart.

The particular carding machine which ll find suitable for this purpose comprises a stationary receptacle 16 provided with carding brushes 10 and a revoluble member 11 provided with similar carding brushes 12. The carding brushes in both members are removably held in place by the dove tail connections 13. The carding brush consists of a base portion 14 to which are secured the teeth 15 of the proper strength and resiliency. The pulp in the *presence of'a suflicient amount of water is subjected for a suitable period of time to the action of the cards as will be well understood.

What I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent is:

1. The process of making paper pulp comprising digesting the chipped wood and then subjecting the digested pulp directly to carding to separate the fibres.

2. The process of making paper pulp comprising digesting the chipped wood, removing the knots and the bark therefrom and then subjecting the digested pulp directlyto carding to separate the'fibres.

3. The process of making paper pulp comprising digesting the chipped wood, remov- Ing the knots and the'bark therefrom, extracting a portion of the. water from the stock and then carding the stock, then adding water to the stock and then screening the stock.

4:. The process of making sulphite pulp comprising mildly cookingthe pulp, whereby a raw, undercooked fiber is produced containing a residue of its cementitious gums and thereafter carding the stock to separate the fibers.

5. The process of maln'ng sulphite pulp comprising mildly cooking the pulp, whereby a raw, undercooked fiber is produced con- 1,4ee,ees

tainin a residue of its eementitious gums, removmg the knots and bark therefrom and then carding the stock to separate the fibers. 6. The process of making sulphite pulp 5 comprising mildly cooking the pulp Whereand then screening the stock.

by a raw, undercooked fiber is produced con- In testimony whereof I aflix my signature. taining a residue of its cementitious gums, BURT J. BELLIEGEB.

removing the knots and the bark therefrom, extracting a portion of the yvater from the stock and then carding the stock to separate 10 the fibers, then adding Water to the stock.

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