US1459570A - Forgible steel as an article of manufacture - Google Patents
Forgible steel as an article of manufacture Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US1459570A US1459570A US393968A US39396820A US1459570A US 1459570 A US1459570 A US 1459570A US 393968 A US393968 A US 393968A US 39396820 A US39396820 A US 39396820A US 1459570 A US1459570 A US 1459570A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- steel
- manufacture
- powder
- article
- forgible
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 title description 31
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 title description 31
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title description 8
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 14
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 229910000975 Carbon steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 239000010962 carbon steel Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005242 forging Methods 0.000 description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000007792 addition Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 235000020004 porter Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910001369 Brass Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 101100311260 Caenorhabditis elegans sti-1 gene Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 229910001018 Cast iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001209 Low-carbon steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000954 Medium-carbon steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000792 Monel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001315 Tool steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 208000027418 Wounds and injury Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010951 brass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 208000014674 injury Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004080 punching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000171 quenching effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000161 steel melt Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009864 tensile test Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C7/00—Treating molten ferrous alloys, e.g. steel, not covered by groups C21C1/00 - C21C5/00
Definitions
- the resultant product is remarkably effective in the production of forgin steels, the steel made by the addition of sai product its use constituting a new article of manufacture, having the rigidity of a .50 to .60 carbon steel, (though made as a medium and low carbon steel of .40 carbon and under and .20 carbon and under) of great density, high Brinell number, yet capable of bending, punching riveting and welding, having great ductility, having a difference in superior in the uses color due to its density,
- point steels are adapttpl which soft low yield e I capable of being utilized In making a much grade of tool steel than can be made with p ain carbon steel. Different proportions of this powder may be used as desired,- but I have found that one half to ten percent gives good results. I may use from a half of one percent to two and one-half per cent of the powder depending upon the special character of steel desired.
- a further distinctive is that its physical properties are not destroyed under high heat, having been actually heated as high as 2350 F. without injury; it can be heated almost to the point of melting and then water tempered into an efiicient cutting tool. These qualities are all due to the use of the powder 1n connection with ordinary carbon scrap.
- the Brinell hardness numbers have a difl'erent meanin and bear can be hardened to give these numbers and can still be machined, sawed, riveted, etc. This is not true of any other steels with Brinell numbers of 400 to 500, which num bers indicate a much higher carbonthan .30 carbon steel, being a carbon of .40 and over, and .60 carbon and under.
- the powder is usually placed in containers of sheet metal in quantities of about one hundred pounds and these containers are simply thrown into the bath, the weight causing them to sink in the mass beneath the slag where the powder is thoroughly distributed on the melting of the containers.
- the powder may be applied in the crucible, open hearth or other furnace or ladle in any manner and as additions are now made to steel or it may be introduced into the crucible or open hearth si- :nultaneously with the material to be melted.
- Test A The following materials were charged into-. crucibles Steel Melt No. punchjngs Castiron Alloy.
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Manufacture Of Alloys Or Alloy Compounds (AREA)
Description
Patented June 19, 1923..
UNITED S LIN US PORTER BURRCWS, OI ERIE,
PENNSYLVANIA,
LEN-AH B. ARCHER, EXECUTRIX E SAID L. P. BURROWS, DECEASED.
FORGIBLE STEEL AS AN ARTICLE OF MANUFACTURE No Drawing. Continuation of application Serial No. 44.310, filed August 7, 1915. This application filed.
July 3, 1920. Serial No.
To all whom it may concern:
Be it known that I, LINUs PORTER BUR- nows, a citizen of the United States, and a resident of Erie, in the county of Erie and State of Pennsylvania, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in a Forgible Steel as an Article of Manufacture, of which the following is a specification.
In an application filed by me on the 4th :lay of May, 1920, No. 378,895, a continuation of an original application filed August 7, 1915, No. 44,310, now Patent No. 1,424,711, mycPatent No. 1,424,710 I have described a process by which ore containing nickel is 5 directly treated and refined and subsequently smelted, the resultant metalliferous product disintegrating on exposure to the air into a very fine powder, adapted for use with steel or iron scrap, and when thus used produces a very fine cast magnetic metal corresponding in microscopic structure to brass and other non-magnetic alloyed metals, but having finer crystals and having much reater rigidity and tensile strength.
2 As escribed in an application filed by me January 20, 1920, No. 352,775, I take this powder which before it is treated again, imparts great tensile strength at a sacrifice of ductility, and subsequently treat it to make it suitable for use in the production of forging steel. This treatment consists of heating the first product to a low red heat without material oxidation which has the effect of reducing the weight of the previously recovered product, approximately 20 per cent, depending on what grade or strength of concentration I may require for the physical strengths wanted, and character of steel. The resultant product is remarkably effective in the production of forgin steels, the steel made by the addition of sai product its use constituting a new article of manufacture, having the rigidity of a .50 to .60 carbon steel, (though made as a medium and low carbon steel of .40 carbon and under and .20 carbon and under) of great density, high Brinell number, yet capable of bending, punching riveting and welding, having great ductility, having a difference in superior in the uses color due to its density,
point steels are adapttpl which soft low yield e I capable of being utilized In making a much grade of tool steel than can be made with p ain carbon steel. Different proportions of this powder may be used as desired,- but I have found that one half to ten percent gives good results. I may use from a half of one percent to two and one-half per cent of the powder depending upon the special character of steel desired.
A further distinctive is that its physical properties are not destroyed under high heat, having been actually heated as high as 2350 F. without injury; it can be heated almost to the point of melting and then water tempered into an efiicient cutting tool. These qualities are all due to the use of the powder 1n connection with ordinary carbon scrap.
The steel made with the use of this powder (which I have named Burrowlite) described in application No. 352,775 and properly heat treated has the peculiar characteristic property of showin an extremel high Brinell number and rigidity and retains at the same time its malleability under impact without fracture and may be machined by ordinary methods. To determine the identity of steel coming within my invention a test may be made by:
Heating the steel to 2200 Fahrenheit to 2350 F. then quenching in water. If it is steel made within my invention it will be capable of beng used as a cutting tool without further treatment and also of being riveted or machined, and these qualities are not found in any other known steel. From tests it has been found that duces a very dense steel more free from gases of an exceptionally fine grain, exceedingly free from blow holes, ghost-lines and other objectionable features and having a greater specific gravity than carbon steel. Tests have been made showing anincrease of s ecific gravity from 7.4 for carbon steel to ..8 or over for steel within my invention.
Owing to the feature of the steel the powder prodensity of the steel made a different ratio to other steels, sti 1 it can be within my invention the Brinell hardness numbers have a difl'erent meanin and bear can be hardened to give these numbers and can still be machined, sawed, riveted, etc. This is not true of any other steels with Brinell numbers of 400 to 500, which num bers indicate a much higher carbonthan .30 carbon steel, being a carbon of .40 and over, and .60 carbon and under.
I apply this powder as an addit1on tothe molten metal, preferably in a manner to assure efiective action without waste of the powder. The powder is usually placed in containers of sheet metal in quantities of about one hundred pounds and these containers are simply thrown into the bath, the weight causing them to sink in the mass beneath the slag where the powder is thoroughly distributed on the melting of the containers. I do not limit myself in this connection, however, as the powder may be applied in the crucible, open hearth or other furnace or ladle in any manner and as additions are now made to steel or it may be introduced into the crucible or open hearth si- :nultaneously with the material to be melted.
-- The character of my new steel is remarkably distinguished from known steel in that I secure qualities not to be found heretofore in steel, even of the highest grade, and produce it at a cost slightly over that of straight carbon steel, and very much less than the cheapest of the present day alloy steels.
Tests have been made with steel made aocordin to my invention, and partial results thereo are tabulated below:
Test A. The following materials were charged into-. crucibles Steel Melt No. punchjngs Castiron Alloy.
A-1 67.5lbs 7.5lbs..... 0.75lbs. A-2 67.5lb8.. 1.5 lbs..... 1.125.1bs. A43 67.5lbs.. 7.5lbs..... 1.50m.
After solidification transferred to soaking Ingots transferred to for 14: hours at 1400. F. After soaking the temperature was raised to 1650 F. and ingots square and cooled in air. i
Analysis of specimens;
Speclmen No Material. 0. Mn. N1. P. St. S
Combined 1.34. Graphite Tensile tests.
Specimens of Burrows steel are below compared with each other and with an nealed samples of ship plate, Class A nickel steel with a Nicontent of 3.92%, and armor The above tests were made'in the physical laboratory, machinery division, navy-yard, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, and the report thereof ma be found under the navy yard #205 10 Y.
I claim:
1. As a new article of manufacture a forging steel capable after being heated to 2200 F., and water tempered, of being used as a cutting tool and without further treatment.
. of being forged, prepared by adding a purplish .powder produced from nickel ore to a charge of metal scrap.
' 2. As a new article of manufacture, a forging steel prepared by adding from a hal to 10% of a purplish powder produced from nickel ore to ,a char e In testimony whereof,
ture.
of metal scrap. afix my signa- LiNns roman;
Witness ELLIs S. MIDDLETON.
B nRow sf plate.
Material. Melt No. 555;? 22 Tensile strength Ship plate 34. 500 71. 500 141 A-l 1 80. 500 143. 600 1415 A-2 1% 77. 500 106. 200 1419. B-l. 1 56. 400 "132. 200 v 1422.. B-2..... 1% 58. 500 113.500
Oil treated Y 1426 A-3..... 2 122.500 193.600} toughened. N1steel......... 53.900 Armor plate. 58. 400. 88. 200
i Resistance test:
Mas. B-l 3. 8 3-2............. ...............V...'. 3.7 A-3 3. 6 Annealed armor plate. 4. 3 Class A nickel steeL... 4.8 Monel metal 4. 4 Shop plate 4.3
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US393968A US1459570A (en) | 1920-07-03 | 1920-07-03 | Forgible steel as an article of manufacture |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US393968A US1459570A (en) | 1920-07-03 | 1920-07-03 | Forgible steel as an article of manufacture |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| US1459570A true US1459570A (en) | 1923-06-19 |
Family
ID=23556987
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| US393968A Expired - Lifetime US1459570A (en) | 1920-07-03 | 1920-07-03 | Forgible steel as an article of manufacture |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US1459570A (en) |
-
1920
- 1920-07-03 US US393968A patent/US1459570A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
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