US1459533A - Puddling furnace - Google Patents

Description

June 19, 1923. 1,459,533 H. D. HIBBARD PUDDLI NG FURNACE Filed May 11. 1921 2 shees'sheet 1 INVENTOR ATTORNEYS June 19, 1923.

H. D. HIBBARD PUDDLING FURNACE Filed May 11 1921 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 m m m INVENTOR HEN}? 17. HIGH/7RD ATTORNEYS Patented June 19, 1923.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

HENRY D. HIBBARD, F PLAINFIELD, NEW JERSEY, ASSIGNOB TO HIBBARD PROCESS CORPORATION, OF NEW YORK. N. Y., A CORPORATION OF NEW JERSEY.

PUDDLING FURNACE.

Application filed May 11,

To all hom it may concern:

Be it known that l. HENRY D. HIBBARD, a citizen of the l'nited States of America, residing at Plainfield. in the county of Union and State of New Jersey, have inven ed certain new and useful Improvements in Paddling Furnaces, of which the following is a specification.

ll y invention relates to paddling, and the object of my invention is to improve in certain f atures upon the paddling furnace and operations described in my Patent No. 1,362,532, dated December 14, 1920.

in the accompanying drawings Fig. 1 is a side elevation, partially in section, of a paddling furnace in which my furnace improvements arqembodied in one form;

Fig. 2 is a section on the line 22, Fig. 1. partially broken away however; and

Fig. 3 is a section on the line 3-3, Fig; 2. showing the controlling gear.

The construction of a furnace to carry out the puddling reaction can be much simplified, over that disclosed in my prior patent. by making the reaction vessel or basin of cylindrical form, as shown in the accompanying drawings. As here indicated the basin comprises a pair of steel and castings 5 and 6 suitably reenforced by ribs 7 extending radially from the hollow end trunnions 8 and 9 integral with the head castings El and (3. The lat er are also provided with marginal flanges 10. which embrace the relied steel shell 11 and are fastened thereto at l2. lining it of basic or neutral brick is [)l'ui'itlfitl.

lt'xtcnding from end to end of the reac tion chamber is a dam or partition 14. preferably concave, as indicated. the better to support the bricks, which thus form an arch when the basin is rotated to bring the dam to over-head position. At a suitable point in the wall of the chamber, and preferably at a. point substantially opposite that at which the dam 14 is located, a discharge opening 15 is formed. This opening is more or less elliptical. with its long axis substantially parallel to that of the reaction chamber. The bricks at the door opening form oppositely faced longitudinal arches and thus support themselves as well as the lining when the furnace is in such position that displacing 1921. Serial No. 468,709,

strain is imposed thereon. The door 16, hinged at 17 to the shell, and provided with any suitable latching device 16 for holding it normally shut, closes the opening 15 during the progress of the reaction. It is of course shaped to the door/opening, with 1ongitudinally curved sides, and is wider at the center than at the ends. An independent charging, and slag discharging, port 18 is formed adjacent the door opening 15, and has associated with it a short exterior spout 19 for leading off the slag. Peep holes 20 may be formed in the door to permit the progress of the reaction to be followed by the attendant.

At opposite ends of'the furnace are arranged suitable pedestals 21 and 22, on which are supported brackets 23, each carrying a pair of rollers 24 upon which the truni i nions 8 and 9 freely rest. Annular ribs 25 on the trunnions engage the rollers and maintain the basin in predetermined position with res ect thereto. On the trunnion 9 is mounte a gear wheel 26 for rocking the basin in the manner hereinafter specified. lVhere the truunions are arranged eccentrically with respect to the axis of the furnace body, as indicated in the drawings, (although a concentric arrangement may be employed if preferred) I prefer to mount upon one of the trunnions, for example. upon trunnion 8, an eccentric counterweight 27 to balance the overweight of the body with respect to its axis of oscillation.

Supported upon the pedestal 22. adjacent the end of the trunnion 8, is a block 28 having a passage 29 downwardly directed toward the furnace chamber, and through which may be introduced into the latter a combustible gas or fuel directed thereinto by the nozzle 30. A peep hole 31 may be opened in the block for observing the con dition of the flame. A pipe 32 of any suitable size is provided, to lead in, preferably under pressure. the necessary air to support combustion.

Supported upon the pedestal 21, adjacent the end of the trunnion 9, is a stack 33, which is also movable toward or from the trunnion. The ready separation ofthe block 28 and stack member 33 from the ends of the trunnions 8 and 9 makes it possible quickly and readily to lift the basin from the Supporting hearings Qland drive roir nettioi'is. for r tire. it only he immediately ft'l ill 't l .h r tormiee unit so that piiilillii e' o e n3 ii tti lie lti tt'tlll' i ed for only the very time require-ll in itfeet the ehange.

Am pointed out in my prior patent the JP' oration of a puildling tnrnaee of the present type is ineident to an oscillation of the basin (hiring the reaction period followed by a sufficient rotation of the turn-ace to permit the slag and worked or hailed metal to he seer ssirely disehitrged. A suitable driving mechanism for this purpose indieated in Figs, '2 and 3. Meshiii with the gear 16 is a pinion 34 connected through the gear tra in 35. 36, 37 and 38 With it reversing motor fill, przterahly an eleetrie motor, iiislieatwl. To ett'eet the reversal of this motor, I pm vide a reversing switch 40, the detaile of which are not shown, but which is. provided with an operating spindle 41 with crank arm 42 and (ODDC 'l'iD Q rod $3. The, latter engagesu at its 0 posite end, one arm ll of a eoiintrrweight iell-erank lever, pivoted at -15 to the etanderd -16 and having its other arm l? roniieeted l): link 48 to a ltR't'i' li The latter in turn i: Plfhtl'ttl at Fill to 1: link it supported hr the Month-mi. and i rovided with a forked end, the d-1:1 .13 and 32% of which straddle the gear en. lrojeeiiog from oppoeite ides of the latter ar with T l and :35. whit-h engage one or the other oi the legs 32. 5;) of the lerer-l9 and wring the lotter either up or down, depending upon the illtijtlt lt of rotation oi' the geiir .16. Th location of the stode on the gear ".26 is un o hirly :uljuetuhle to eontrol the [l llt oi the charge over the dam at desired inter-vale. ll being possible or the relative lorution ol' the stink on the gear to inert-nee or de 'reaw t extent ot' the oseillation. while still maintaining the charge in the lower portion ol' the hearth of the basin without coming danger oneijr whee to the door opening. The motion in um dire tion or the other, imparted lo the .-t1ils to the lever 4th is transmitted by the latter through the hell-crank l tl? to the ronneetin; rod 43 am: shift the switrh through the operating spindle 41 thereof, and time reverses the motor 3%. 'ihe drive l tlttl in this fashion Sillllttr For the oslliltt it lt ot' the hasin during the reaetion {)ti'iiiii.

in order to permit the tttitl to .wiii

he rotated Htlllt'ii'illl) far to dump the Flag and rhui'ge alter the rea 'tion' 1o eornplete I provide :1 hand lever 56 pivoted at 5? on the etanclnrd l6 and connected h\' a link i to the link 51, ii h the forked lever L9 is Fnpported. ilting the hand lever 56 in the direei the arrow X, the lever l1) moved on the gear 26 so that its lorlonl ":5 and 53 are not longer in the path 1d the pins 5-; and 351'. A latch .71:

"lid engaging; llilil l lrYer t It in its witlnlruozi irtt ll -l illjff le rl 4 mm l toiittiil zit ili ti e extent tit rotation of the liiri'zzire.

The operation of the l'iiinziee moi l si l nillt'ttltlil t' the :tttall E15 that do-urilwil it; o g previous patent nhove mentioned. time. a charge of iron, preleriiilly melted is intro- (hr ed into the llilhlll together with u editable quantity of :1 suitable oxidizing: reagent Hltll as oxide ot' iron. preferably melted. to oxidize the 1wn-lerrout elements lit the iron. It theee elmrge elements are in molten eon dition they m he ell-urged through the slag opening tt While the door to i: niaii'r tained closed to l lt frlWQ the heat oi the re aetion ehamlier. The. husin is then nevi? lated hack and forth through an are great enough to pomthe whole ehurge over the dam 14 hiitk and forth from one poeket A to the other pocket B. and \iee verge. The aetion mixes the molten iron and oxide with the result that the non-ferrous, eletiients unit to t'oiiii oxides: of those eiement Th lllst to he oxidized are the t-llhf'ii'i. pix phorus and ZILHQGHNHE whieh giro rise to an exuthermir t't'HVllUIL and thi non volatile oxides will enter the filag or Eillllt'l' .it'ivr these the ortion is oxidized Riel comeoil iii gaseous: form, h Ii!tli)!]i '0.\ltitl ((fii. with the elimination of the t'il'i ll lh the tw n-ii point of il-e UHII ol' the (-harge rim-s. 0 that in time it hepariuw in solid partieles. or as it is; familiarly termed "eomea to nature. The osei laitioiis are motioned and the S0131? iiie sir. ztii mm; lie u wiiltwl We rife illti ruled grains of iron gather togetheig the teiii ieiutnre ol' the rliarge being; rao d to the \vel lm mint hr the flame from the stock together in one piece. whirl; is, root pat-ted by falling over the dam. When ready for discharge, the autoniatie rem-r in: meehanisrn, which has occasioned the oscillation of the basin at the rate, of. for example, from five to fifteen oseillutions per minute, is withdrawn by the hand lever 536 and the basin is rotated in a (liroetion opposite that of the arrow Y. to bring the slag spout l8 and door 15 successively to the lowered position. The molten slag being fluid will first pass out through its opening l8 and spout 19. after which. upon further rotation of the basin in the same direction, the treated eharge of iron in solid coalition asses out of the door 16, which, now unatched by hand, automatically swings open in this position.

In mal ing iron of superior quality, it is advisabl to pour oil' the first slag containing thebulk of the silicon, phosphorus, manganese, and considerable part of the sulphur originally contained in the iron. After this slag, has been drawn off fresh oxide of iron is introduced to oxidize the carbon. preferably together with such flux as may be needcd to give a fluid cinder or slagthat is, some silica or fluorspar, or -other flux which \\.i tend to lower the fusion point of the inder. The process may then be completed as described, such portion of the second slag as is not ab sorbed by the more or less spoiler metal of the ball, being poured off in advance of the dischar e of he ball.

It may e denrable to impart a more symmetrical form to the worked metal or ball after the reaction is CoHlPlQtO. This may be accomplished by disengaging the automatic reversal mechanism and operat ing the control lever 49 in such manner as to roll the ball back and forth in the area between the dam 14 and the door 16, the

duration of this forming operation being under the manual control of the operator at all times. and the slag being preferahlv retained in the chamber during this forming operation. After suitable shape has been secured the basin is rotated in the direction for discharge, until the ball rolls out of the door 16, now freed from the latch and automaticallyswinging open as the basin is inverted. The present construction has the marked advantage of being much simpler to build, line, and to operate than that shown in my prior patent. It is rcadily .,t'emo\'ed for repairs so that another-unit; ready for use, may be put in its place without any considerable interruption of work. Various modifications in detail of operation, construction and arrangement of parts will readily occur to those dealing with the subject, without departing from the underlying conceptions which I claim as my invention.

I claim- L-A puddlimc furnace comprising n cylindrical reaction vessel mounted on a horizontal axis and having an interior dam extending from end to end of the reaction chamber. together with a door opening through the wall of the chamber. said opening being of greater length than width and extending in a direction substantially pan allel with the length of the dam.

Q. A puddling ftnrnace comprising a cvlindrical reaction vessel mounted on a horizontal axis and having an interior dam extending from end to end of the reaction chamber. together with a door o nine;

through the wall of the chamber, said door extending substantially the full length of the reaction chamber in a direction sub stantiall parallel to the length of the dam.

3. A furnace such as specified in claim 1, having adjacent the door an independent charging; and slap; discharging hole.

4. In a furnace having a reactionchamher, a hollow trunnion opening to said reaction chamber, fixed means for supporting said hollow trunnion during the op ration of the furnace, means for heating the charge through said hollow trunnion, and a closure member movable toward and from the open end of the trunnion.

5. A furnace comprisin a reaction rham her, a hollow trunnion open to one end of said reaction chamber, fixed means for sup porting said trunnion during the operation of the furnace, means for imparting oscil latory motion thereto during the progress of reaction, and for inverting the furnace on said trunnion to discharge the product; after the reaction has been completed, together with a stack movable toward and from said trunnion, for the purpose set forth.

6. A furnace comprising a reaction chamber, hollow trunnions at opposite ends thereof. fixed pedestals upon which said trunnions are freely journaled, means for imparting oscillatory motion to the furnace reaction chamber during the operation of the furnace, and for inverting the chamber for discharge after reaction has been completed, together with stack and blast members respectively movable toward and from the trunnions at opposite ends of the furnace, and supported on said pedestals, substantiallv as described.

7. A furnace having a reaction chamber, hollow trunnions opening to opposite ends of said reaction chamber, fixed means for supporting said trunnions during the operation of the furnace. a stack associated with one trunnion, means for introducing a heating blast through the other trunnion, a closure member for the latter. said closure member and stack being movable out of engagement with the respective trunnions to permit the reaction chamber to ho frcelv lifted out of operating position 8. A furnace having a rea t on vessel. means for oscillating the latter. and adiustable automatic means for reversing the direction of oscillation.

9. A furnace having a reaction vessel. reversible motor means for imparting oscillatorv movement thereto. and means moving with the vessel for effecting the automatic reversal of the direction of rotation. together with means for varying the extent of the automatic oscillation. 10. A pudding furnace-comprising a pair o end castings. and intermediate the same Ill] a cvlindrical sheet metal shell, together with a refractory lining for the latter, and a dam formed H1 said lining and extending longi tudinally substantially the full length of the furnacc chamber.

H. A paddling furnace comprising a reaction chamber. a door opening substantially the toll lcn h of said chamber, a latch for holding sail door normally closed. said door being hinged to the shell of said chamber and autonnitically swinging open by gravit v on the inversion of said chamber to discharge thimetal worked therein.

1'3. puddling furnace installation comprising a reaction chamber having hollow open-ended trunnions at its opposite ends upon u nich it is freely supported. means for automatically oscillating said furnace. means lllt s'ill'llt'. into juxtaposition withthe ends of said hollow trunnions but readily separable to permit said furnace to be freely lifted from its bearings and drive connections.

iii. A metallurgical furnace comprising a cylindrical reaction vessel mounted on a horixontal axis. and having a door opening the-rein extending substantially the length of the traction chamber. said door opening heof substantially elliptical hape. to-

ing gethcr with a door normally clw ng said opening.

H. l'lltllllllllglt'ttl lurnace comprising a ylindrical rca tion vessel mounted on a substantially horizontal axis, a refractory lining theref r. a substantially elliptical door open ing thcrciu (\lcnding substantially the lcngth of thc rea tion chamber. the rci'rno torics lining rlllll pcning being arranged in llc form of pposed archc together with a i hii' ilfilli'ililj i losing said opening.

ii). A nn-ialiurgical furnace comprising a crlindri al r nctioo vcs cl mounted on a sub- -iantially horizontal a.\is.a refractory lining therefor. a substantially elliptical door opening thcrcin extending substantially the length of thereaction chamber, the refraw t/orics linitnr said opening being arranged in the form ()Fopposcd arches. togethcr with a door normally closing said opening. said door having a refractory lining of substantially the same. shape as said opening and ntl'ording in the closed position of the door a substantially continuous refractory lining for the exterior of the reaction chamber.

it). An oscillating l'urnacc having a rojection in its bottom, and a chamber at either side of the projection with each wall of the projection forming a part of one of the chambers. and the bottom of each chaml er being carried upward in a plane at right angles to the axis of oscillation of the furnace, the centers of curvature of each bottom being outside the axis of oscillation.

17. An oscillating furnace having a projection in its bottom, and a chamber at either side of the projection with each wall of the projection forming a part of one of the chambers, and the bottom of each chamber being carried upward in a plane at right angles to the axis of oscillation of the furnace, the centers of curvature of each bottom being outside and below the axis of oscillation.

18. An oscillating furnace having a projection in its bottom. and a chamber at either side of the project on with each wall of the projection forming a part of one of the chambers, and the bottoms of the chambers being curved upward in a plane at. right angles to the axis of oscillation of the furnace and meeting above the dam in merging curves the centers of which are below the axis of oscillation.

19. An oscillating furnace having a pro jection in its bottom, and a chamber at. either side of the projec ion with each wall of the projection forming a part of one of the chambers. and the bottoms of the chambers being curved upward in a plane at right angles to the axis of oscillation of the l'ur once and meeting above the dam in mi-rging curves the centers of which arc below the axis of oscillation. togethcr with a longitudinally extending dischargidoor op ning substantially opposite said pr jcctioo Qll. .\n oscillating l'urnacc hav ng- '1 loiici tudinally extending arch projecting from its bottom to form a dam. and a chamlicr at either side of said projection with each wall of the projection forming a part of one of the chambers, and the bottom of each cha|nher being curved upward in a plane at right angles to the axis of oscillation of the lurnace and meeting above the dam in merging curves.

M. An oscillating furnace having a projection in its bottom. and a chamber at either side. of the projection with each wall of the projection forming a part of one of the chambers. and the bottom of each chamber being curved upward in a lane at right angles to the axis of oscillation of the furnace, the ridge of the projection being curved downward from o posite ends of the furnace toward the mid le thereof.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification.

HENRY D. HIBBARD.

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