US1456811A - Automatic firearm - Google Patents

Description

Patented May 29, 1923.

entren stares ULDARIQUE AUGUSTE MARGA, or DEGHEM, inwssisns.-BErerUivL AUToivLA'rIc Finnamvr.A f

Application ledfMarch 21, 1921. Serial No. 454,129.-l

To all 'whom it may concern:

Be it known thatl. ULDARIQUE AUGUSTE,

MARGA, a subject of the King of Belgium, ot Dieghem, Brussels, in the Kingdom of Belgium, haveinvented new and useful Improvements Relating to Automatic Firearms (for which I have iiled application in Belgium March 19, 1920),'of which the follow# ing is a specification.

This invention relates to automatic firearms and has reference to firearms of the kind in which-the movable breech is bolted to the barrel duringa certain time after the percussion'oi" the cartridge and. thus carries the barrel'with it in its recoil movement.

The object of the present invention is to ensure that the unbolting of the movable breech of the barrel willA take place at the proper instant. This result is essentially obtained by eifecting on recoil a partial rotation of thev barrel in order to thereby disengage said barrel of the breech block, when the latterhas completed a portion only of its recoil movement.

In the following description the invention will be described as applied to an automatic fire arm in which the hammer is worked by a' striker in form of a spring piston displaced `for example obliquely with respect to thel nath of the movable breech in the breech casing and at the same time serving to check the recoil motion of the movable breech by the pressure it exerts onone of the lateral sur-k faces, after having been driven by the movable breech into its seat as described in Belgian Patent No. 196724. In a weapon of this kind the tiring mechanism can act directly on thestriker piston to retain it until the time when the firing mechanism is pressed. l

In the drawings which represent a form of construction of the invention by way of example, Fig. 1 is a longitudinal section through the axis of the fire arm. Fig. 2 is a view from above of the complete firearm. Fig, 3 is an under side view of the movable breech separated. Figs. 4fand 5 are sections on the lines A Br and C D of Fig` 3. Fig. G is a front View of the striker piston.

The breech casing 1, furnished in the ordinary way with an ejection opening 2 and an opening 3 for the introduction of the cartridges to which a magazine (not represented) is fitted, serves to guide the movable breech 4 and the barrel 5. The barrel 5 can recoil in the breech casing against the action ai? .a .Spring 6 @ed during this repil, lit per?.

forms, for the purpose-fof unbolting,` a roy vtary movement produced by avprojection 7 on the barrel engaging in a helicoidal groove 8 of the breech casing.' `The movable breech 4 isfprovided with a hammer 9 continually drawn backwards by a- Spring 10; it also has a rod 11 running in a groove 120i thebreechcasing 1, andto'which a retractile spring 13.

is fixed o n another part of the casing.

The weapon is represented inv Fig. f1 in a closed position, before tiring.,v Percussion .is realized by a striker piston 14 guided in a cylinder 15 placedobliquely with regard to 1 the path of the movabley breech 4; Y vthis striker is worked with aspring 16 and is kept in the cocked position by a iiring mechanism in form of lever 17 the nose18 ot which engages in a hollow 20, made inthe percussion surface 19 ofthe striker 14. Pressure of the marksmans finger on the opposite extremity 21 of the firing mechn anism releases the striker 14 whichv falls on the hammer. Itis then that the movable breech is bolted to the barrel. For this p`ur pose the barrel 5 has a rearward extension 22 provided with a retaining catch 23, There is a bolting button 24 in the movable breech 4 which `can slide vertically in its seat.- `When the movable breech closes again, this button 24 is driven downwards by the retaining catch 23, and takes the position given in Figs. 1 and 3. For this position,

the hollow conical surface'25 formed in this button 24 blocks the opening of the passage 26 for the hammer point s0 that when the latter falls its point drives the button 24 upwards catch 23.

When the movable breech recoils, it draws away the barrel. untilowing to rotation of the said barrel the parts yoccupy the'position represented in Fig. 2. The button 24 then ceases to be engaged with the catch 23, so that the barrel sto-ps and the movable breech alone continues the recoil movement andthe barrel is brought to the front by its spring the power of which` is suitably regulated. During recoil, the movable breech 4 has driven into its seat the striker piston 14, but the higher surface 27 of the latter remains in contact with the bottom of the groove 28 of the4 movable breech and produces a checking of the recoil. The, 'position of the striker 14at this instant is vthe same as that represented in Fig. 1 but the firing mechto engage with the vretainingA marksmaq. Atthe end'of thisecoil'mo'tion of ythe movable breech5 the striker 14; is driven a little more deeply into its seat on 'the inclined plane 29made,inthe groove Thus the projection 3() ofthe striker acts on the rod 31 integral `with the firing'rnechanisinj 17 and brings the latter into the cocked position, in opposition to the' vaction of the* marksmans linger, ,fThe firing mechanism 1s their kept in 'the'coeked' position by the turns tdthe` font", tlfe" striker"A 'risesr 'slightlyr theA-'ha'frimereold be tilfized'lwith any de Serieel@ @fry "fr ami; "different 'te that 'des -Scfibredf The boeing'- piece instead' Offbeipg desire to secure by -Let movable rearwardlyhvithvsad breech Wherrv b'oltfe'tlfto the latter, acat'ch"A carried'by said barrel, irngpin'having sliding movement 1n the wbreech#block, atb'oltnerber mounted block* together,` said bolt being "actuated to l lockingpositionv by said finghp'in upo'n" n firing inovement` of the latter;andtmeansvfor" causr'lg af'p'a'tal ,rotatiorIY-of 'said barrel to thereby disengage saidcatch' `i`-om`-fsaid fbolt;`

x'vhen'said breechLblocl ha's'completed a p'or-`

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