US1455443A - Balanced hydraulic pump or motor - Google Patents

Balanced hydraulic pump or motor Download PDF

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Publication number
US1455443A
US1455443A US337418A US33741819A US1455443A US 1455443 A US1455443 A US 1455443A US 337418 A US337418 A US 337418A US 33741819 A US33741819 A US 33741819A US 1455443 A US1455443 A US 1455443A
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United States
Prior art keywords
valve
motor
cylinders
fluid
balanced
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Expired - Lifetime
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US337418A
Inventor
Waldemar F Mayer
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
TAYLORWHARTON IRON AND STEEL C
TAYLORWHARTON IRON AND STEEL Co
Original Assignee
TAYLORWHARTON IRON AND STEEL C
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Priority to US337418A priority Critical patent/US1455443A/en
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Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B1/00—Multi-cylinder machines or pumps characterised by number or arrangement of cylinders
    • F04B1/04—Multi-cylinder machines or pumps characterised by number or arrangement of cylinders having cylinders in star- or fan-arrangement
    • F04B1/053—Multi-cylinder machines or pumps characterised by number or arrangement of cylinders having cylinders in star- or fan-arrangement with actuating or actuated elements at the inner ends of the cylinders
    • F04B1/0531—Multi-cylinder machines or pumps characterised by number or arrangement of cylinders having cylinders in star- or fan-arrangement with actuating or actuated elements at the inner ends of the cylinders with cam-actuated distribution members
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01B—MACHINES OR ENGINES, IN GENERAL OR OF POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT TYPE, e.g. STEAM ENGINES
    • F01B1/00—Reciprocating-piston machines or engines characterised by number or relative disposition of cylinders or by being built-up from separate cylinder-crankcase elements
    • F01B1/06—Reciprocating-piston machines or engines characterised by number or relative disposition of cylinders or by being built-up from separate cylinder-crankcase elements with cylinders in star or fan arrangement
    • F01B1/0603—Reciprocating-piston machines or engines characterised by number or relative disposition of cylinders or by being built-up from separate cylinder-crankcase elements with cylinders in star or fan arrangement the connection of the pistons with an element being at the outer ends of the cylinders
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01B—MACHINES OR ENGINES, IN GENERAL OR OF POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT TYPE, e.g. STEAM ENGINES
    • F01B1/00—Reciprocating-piston machines or engines characterised by number or relative disposition of cylinders or by being built-up from separate cylinder-crankcase elements
    • F01B1/06—Reciprocating-piston machines or engines characterised by number or relative disposition of cylinders or by being built-up from separate cylinder-crankcase elements with cylinders in star or fan arrangement
    • F01B1/062—Reciprocating-piston machines or engines characterised by number or relative disposition of cylinders or by being built-up from separate cylinder-crankcase elements with cylinders in star or fan arrangement the connection of the pistons with an actuating or actuated element being at the inner ends of the cylinders
    • F01B1/0624—Reciprocating-piston machines or engines characterised by number or relative disposition of cylinders or by being built-up from separate cylinder-crankcase elements with cylinders in star or fan arrangement the connection of the pistons with an actuating or actuated element being at the inner ends of the cylinders with cam-actuated distribution member(s)
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03C—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT ENGINES DRIVEN BY LIQUIDS
    • F03C1/00—Reciprocating-piston liquid engines
    • F03C1/02—Reciprocating-piston liquid engines with multiple-cylinders, characterised by the number or arrangement of cylinders
    • F03C1/04—Reciprocating-piston liquid engines with multiple-cylinders, characterised by the number or arrangement of cylinders with cylinders in star or fan arrangement
    • F03C1/0403—Details, component parts specially adapted of such engines
    • F03C1/0435—Particularities relating to the distribution members
    • F03C1/0438—Particularities relating to the distribution members to cylindrical distribution members
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03C—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT ENGINES DRIVEN BY LIQUIDS
    • F03C1/00—Reciprocating-piston liquid engines
    • F03C1/02—Reciprocating-piston liquid engines with multiple-cylinders, characterised by the number or arrangement of cylinders
    • F03C1/04—Reciprocating-piston liquid engines with multiple-cylinders, characterised by the number or arrangement of cylinders with cylinders in star or fan arrangement
    • F03C1/047—Reciprocating-piston liquid engines with multiple-cylinders, characterised by the number or arrangement of cylinders with cylinders in star or fan arrangement the pistons co-operating with an actuated element at the outer ends of the cylinders
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B1/00—Multi-cylinder machines or pumps characterised by number or arrangement of cylinders
    • F04B1/04—Multi-cylinder machines or pumps characterised by number or arrangement of cylinders having cylinders in star- or fan-arrangement
    • F04B1/053—Multi-cylinder machines or pumps characterised by number or arrangement of cylinders having cylinders in star- or fan-arrangement with actuating or actuated elements at the inner ends of the cylinders
    • F04B1/0536—Multi-cylinder machines or pumps characterised by number or arrangement of cylinders having cylinders in star- or fan-arrangement with actuating or actuated elements at the inner ends of the cylinders with two or more serially arranged radial piston-cylinder units
    • F04B1/0538—Multi-cylinder machines or pumps characterised by number or arrangement of cylinders having cylinders in star- or fan-arrangement with actuating or actuated elements at the inner ends of the cylinders with two or more serially arranged radial piston-cylinder units located side-by-side

Definitions

  • This invention relates to an improvement in hydraulic transmissions, wherein the valve is balanced against the working fluid pressures.
  • Fig. 1 is a view in elevation, partly in section of the improved transmission.
  • Fig. 2 is a section of the motor forming part of such transmission.
  • Fig. 3 is a development of the valve for such motor.
  • Figs. 4 to 11 are diagrammatic views illustrating the principle of the balanced motor.
  • a complete transmission comprising a prime mover 1, arranged to drive a variable-stroke balanced pump 2, through a coupling 3.
  • a hydraulic motor indicated generally at 5, forms part of the transmission, and comprises a crankframe 6, secured to a foundation 7, here shown as a reservoir 8.
  • the cylinder body 9 and housing 10 of the motor are secured to and supported by the crank-frame, and the pump 2 is secured toand supported from the motor 5.
  • the cylinders 11 of the motor have ports 12, and pistons or plungers 13 are operative in suchcylinders.
  • the connecting rods 14 of the plungers are connected to cranks 15, mounted in bearings 16 in the crank frame.
  • the shafts 17 of the cranks 15, extend beyond the crank frame, and are provided with pinions 18, arranged in mesh with a ear, here shown as an annular gear 19.
  • he gear 19 is rotatively mounted on a spindle 20, secured in the crank frame.
  • the control valve 21, mounted for rotation on the pump shaft, is shown as divided into. four equal parts, that is four circumferentially alined passages, as 22, 23, 24, and 25 adapted to successively register with the cylinder ports 12. These passages are closed against each other, and open alter- 12, 1919. Serial No. 337,418.
  • annular channels 26 and 27 In the valve on each side are annular channels 26 and 27.
  • the respective service channels in the motor leading from the pump include annular channels 28, 29, at the respective ends of the valve overlying portions of the motor housing, the former of whlch communicates at 30 with a pump channel 31, and the latter with a pump channel 32.
  • valve divisions are equal to the single strokes of the piston in one revolution, the valve divisions bein of course always in even number.
  • the ratio of valve speed to crank pin speed is one half the number of valve divisions. For example, if the valve is driven from the crank shaft, a valve divided into four, six, eight, ten, .etc., sections, must be 'geared down to half, third, quarter, fifth,
  • valve With the valve arranged and operating as described, two opposite divisions are receiving fluid under pressure from the pump, while the remaining two divisions are receiving fluid from the cylinders, and therefore under'low pressure. It will therefore be apparent that the valve is balanced against the working fluid pressure.
  • a hydraulic motor having a plurality of cylinders, a valve having two sets of fluid channels, and annular service channels at each end, the annular channels communicating alternately with alternate fluid channels of respective sets, one set of fluid channels delivering fiuidto a predetermined number of cylinders while the other set is receiving fluid from a corresponding number of cylinders.
  • a hydraulic motor having a plurality of cylinders, a piston for each cylinder, a-
  • valve having two sets of fluid channels, and annular service channels at each end, the annular channels communicating alternamesses tively with alternate fluid channels of respeetive sets, one set of fluid channels'delivering fluid to a predetermined number of c linders while the other set is receiving fluid from a corresponding number of cylinders, and means for operating the valve at a speed having a ratio to the crank speed of one half of the valve channels.
  • a hydraulic motor having a lurality of cylinders, pistons therein, a va ve having anumber of fluid-passage divisions, one set of such divisions delivering fluid to a predetermined number of cylinders while a the other set is receiving fluid from a corresponding number of cylinders, means for controlling the number of piston strokes in each revolution of the motor in correspondence with the number of valve fluid-passage divisions, and means for operating the valve at a speed having a ratio to the crank speed of one half of the valve divisions.v

Description

May 15, 1923. 1,455,443
I w. F. MAYER BALANCED HYDRAULIC PUMP OR MOTOR Filed Nov. 12, 1919 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 INVENTOR. WM 64% .4 TTORNE Y.
. W. F. MAYER BALANCED HYDRAULIC PUMP OR MOTOR 2 SheetS-Sheet 2 Filed Nov. 12 1919 k INVEN/TOR. W W ,M BY
A TTORNE Y.
Patented May 15', 1923.
UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.
WALDEMAR F. MAYER, OF PHILADELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA, ASSIGNOR TO TAYLOR- WHARTON IRON AND STEEL COMPANY, OF HIGH BRIDQE, NEW JERSEY, A CORPO- RATION OF'NEW JERSEY.
BALANCED HYDRAULIC PUMP OR MOTOR. I
Application filed November To all'whom it my concern:
Be it known that I, VVALDEMAR F. MAYER, a citizen of Switzerland, residing at Philadelphia, in the county of Philadelphia and State of Pennsylvania, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Balanced Hydraulic Pumps or Motors,of which the following is a specification.
-This invention relates to an improvement in hydraulic transmissions, wherein the valve is balanced against the working fluid pressures.
The invention is illustrated in the accompanying drawings, in which Fig. 1 is a view in elevation, partly in section of the improved transmission.
Fig. 2 is a section of the motor forming part of such transmission.
Fig. 3 is a development of the valve for such motor.
Figs. 4 to 11 are diagrammatic views illustrating the principle of the balanced motor.
In the drawings, with particular refer-' ence to Fig. 1, there is shown a complete transmission comprising a prime mover 1, arranged to drive a variable-stroke balanced pump 2, through a coupling 3. A hydraulic motor, indicated generally at 5, forms part of the transmission, and comprises a crankframe 6, secured to a foundation 7, here shown as a reservoir 8. The cylinder body 9 and housing 10 of the motor are secured to and supported by the crank-frame, and the pump 2 is secured toand supported from the motor 5.
The cylinders 11 of the motor have ports 12, and pistons or plungers 13 are operative in suchcylinders. The connecting rods 14 of the plungers are connected to cranks 15, mounted in bearings 16 in the crank frame. The shafts 17 of the cranks 15, extend beyond the crank frame, and are provided with pinions 18, arranged in mesh with a ear, here shown as an annular gear 19.
he gear 19 is rotatively mounted on a spindle 20, secured in the crank frame.
The control valve 21, mounted for rotation on the pump shaft, is shown as divided into. four equal parts, that is four circumferentially alined passages, as 22, 23, 24, and 25 adapted to successively register with the cylinder ports 12. These passages are closed against each other, and open alter- 12, 1919. Serial No. 337,418.
nately toward the opposite ends of the valve. In the valve on each side are annular channels 26 and 27. The respective service channels in the motor leading from the pump include annular channels 28, 29, at the respective ends of the valve overlying portions of the motor housing, the former of whlch communicates at 30 with a pump channel 31, and the latter with a pump channel 32.
Therefore, as the valve rotates, as through gears 33 from one of the crank shafts 17, the passages alternately communicate with the respective, pump channels to thereby receive and discharge the fluid from the pump for the operation of the motor. If the valve is divided into four sections, with pressure and discharge chambers varying alternately forone revolution of the valve, four piston strokes are necessary. That is the number of valve divisions are equal to the single strokes of the piston in one revolution, the valve divisions bein of course always in even number. F urthermore, the ratio of valve speed to crank pin speed is one half the number of valve divisions. For example, if the valve is driven from the crank shaft, a valve divided into four, six, eight, ten, .etc., sections, must be 'geared down to half, third, quarter, fifth,
etc., speed of the crank shaft.
With the valve arranged and operating as described, two opposite divisions are receiving fluid under pressure from the pump, while the remaining two divisions are receiving fluid from the cylinders, and therefore under'low pressure. It will therefore be apparent that the valve is balanced against the working fluid pressure.
The gear 19 when operating with an even number of cylinders is balanced, while with an odd number of cylinders a'slight, pressure will be established on the bearing. One half of each pinion is always in driving engagement with the gear 19, while the other half takes care of no-pressure stroke according to. the direction of drive. Evidently then'the pinion teeth have different tooth loads. For this reason I prefer to make the gear ratio even so that the same teeth will always bear the load. Thus the wear on the teeth is substantially uniform and will not seriously interfere with the operation of the device.
The principle of the balanced valve operation is clearly brought out in Figs. 4 a),
1l,though herethe motor is shown [with but five cylinders. The valve of the respective views show a varying number ofdivisions, with the valve speed correspondinl reduced, as before referred to. ving thus described the invention, what is claimed as new, is I 1. A hydraulic motor having a plurality of cylinders, a valve having two sets of fluid channels, and annular service channels at each end, the annular channels communicating alternately with alternate fluid channels of respective sets, one set of fluid channels delivering fiuidto a predetermined number of cylinders while the other set is receiving fluid from a corresponding number of cylinders. I
2. A hydraulic motorhaving a plurality of cylinders, a piston for each cylinder, a-
valve having two sets of fluid channels, and annular service channels at each end, the annular channels communicating alternamesses tively with alternate fluid channels of respeetive sets, one set of fluid channels'delivering fluid to a predetermined number of c linders while the other set is receiving fluid from a corresponding number of cylinders, and means for operating the valve at a speed having a ratio to the crank speed of one half of the valve channels.
3. A hydraulic motor having a lurality of cylinders, pistons therein, a va ve having anumber of fluid-passage divisions, one set of such divisions delivering fluid to a predetermined number of cylinders while a the other set is receiving fluid from a corresponding number of cylinders, means for controlling the number of piston strokes in each revolution of the motor in correspondence with the number of valve fluid-passage divisions, and means for operating the valve at a speed having a ratio to the crank speed of one half of the valve divisions.v
In testimony whereof I afiix my signature.
WDEMAR r. MAYER.
US337418A 1919-11-12 1919-11-12 Balanced hydraulic pump or motor Expired - Lifetime US1455443A (en)

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Cited By (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2416940A (en) * 1945-04-13 1947-03-04 James E Morton Fluid pressure motor
US2471117A (en) * 1945-05-12 1949-05-24 Acrotorque Co Power transmission
US2626504A (en) * 1947-01-10 1953-01-27 Frisone John Hydraulic mechanism for imparting a rotary motion to a member
US2811143A (en) * 1953-12-04 1957-10-29 Sutcliffe Richard Ltd Hydraulic apparatus
US2987889A (en) * 1958-12-31 1961-06-13 Ibm Hydraulic stepping motor
DE1125250B (en) * 1957-01-16 1962-03-08 Leipziger Stahlbau Und Verzink Hydraulic drive device with radially arranged cylinders for generating a rotary movement
US3291001A (en) * 1963-07-25 1966-12-13 Entpr Bourdin & Chausse Sa Hydraulic motors
US3357364A (en) * 1965-09-30 1967-12-12 Ward Aero Inc Fluid displacement devices having radially arranged cylinders
EP0325584A4 (en) * 1986-07-23 1989-06-26 Sea Shelf Engineering Pty Ltd A fluid motor.
WO2003006794A1 (en) * 2001-07-07 2003-01-23 Dougherty Thomas J Radial internal combustion engine with floating balanced piston
US20160265518A1 (en) * 2015-03-09 2016-09-15 Rabhi Vianney System for coupling a piston for a hydraulic pump motor

Cited By (13)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2416940A (en) * 1945-04-13 1947-03-04 James E Morton Fluid pressure motor
US2471117A (en) * 1945-05-12 1949-05-24 Acrotorque Co Power transmission
US2626504A (en) * 1947-01-10 1953-01-27 Frisone John Hydraulic mechanism for imparting a rotary motion to a member
US2811143A (en) * 1953-12-04 1957-10-29 Sutcliffe Richard Ltd Hydraulic apparatus
DE1125250B (en) * 1957-01-16 1962-03-08 Leipziger Stahlbau Und Verzink Hydraulic drive device with radially arranged cylinders for generating a rotary movement
US2987889A (en) * 1958-12-31 1961-06-13 Ibm Hydraulic stepping motor
US3291001A (en) * 1963-07-25 1966-12-13 Entpr Bourdin & Chausse Sa Hydraulic motors
US3357364A (en) * 1965-09-30 1967-12-12 Ward Aero Inc Fluid displacement devices having radially arranged cylinders
EP0325584A4 (en) * 1986-07-23 1989-06-26 Sea Shelf Engineering Pty Ltd A fluid motor.
EP0325584A1 (en) * 1986-07-23 1989-08-02 Sea Shelf Engineering Pty Ltd A fluid motor.
WO2003006794A1 (en) * 2001-07-07 2003-01-23 Dougherty Thomas J Radial internal combustion engine with floating balanced piston
US6769384B2 (en) 2001-07-07 2004-08-03 Thomas J. Dougherty Radial internal combustion engine with floating balanced piston
US20160265518A1 (en) * 2015-03-09 2016-09-15 Rabhi Vianney System for coupling a piston for a hydraulic pump motor

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