US1440546A - And john of - Google Patents

Description

Jan. 2, 1923. 1,440,546;

F. C. LANGENBERG ET AL.

FURNACE. FILED APR. '14. 192:. a SHEETS-SHEET 1.

J an. 2, 1923.

- 1,440,546. F. C. LANGENBERG ET AL.

FURNACE.

I FILED APR. I4. 1921. a snans-susn 2.

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Jan. 2, 1923. 1,440,546.

- F. 0. LANGENBERG ET AL.

FURNACE. FILED APR. 14. 1921. 3 SHEETS-SHEET 3 Patented Jan. 2, 1923.

UNITED STATES v p 1,440,54 PATENT OFFICE.

FREDERICK C. LANGENBERG OF XVATERTOVJN, MASSACHUSETTS, AND JOHN'F. FETTERLY, OF ALTOONA, PENNSYLVANIA, ASSIGNOBS TO THE SURFACE CO1V.[BU'S'1"IO1\T CO INCORPORATED, OF NEW YORK, N.'Y., A CORPORATION OF NEW YORK.

FURNACE.

Application filed April 14, 1921. Serial No. 461,401.

To all whom it may concern Be it known that we, Fnnnnnron G. LAN- GENBERG and JOHN F. FETTERLY, citizens of the United States, residing, respectively, at Vatertown, county of Middlesex, and State of Massachusetts, and Altoona, county of Blair, and State of Pennsylvania, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Furnaces, fully described and represented in the following specification and the accompanying drawings, forming apart of the same. I i

This invention relates tofurnaces' for differential heating and has for an object to provide for maintaining different parts of the object treated at different temperatures. The invention aims to improve furnaces heretofore used for this'purpose by eliminating heat convection between the zones of different te1n1; eratures and so defining the zones more sharply than has heretofore been possible. i y

A further object of the invention is to provide means for changin the position and extent of the zones of differential treatment without altering the; combustion chambers of the furnace.

A further object of the invention is to adapt a furnace to differential heating of objects of various size 7 A still further object of the invention is to provide meansfor definitely fixing thc position of the zones of treatment in rela tion to the object treated.

Vhile the invention may be used in various types of furnaces. we will. for the sake i of example, describe the application of it to a type of differential heating furnace which has been used in the heat treatment of armor Fig. 4-. is a top view and 5 is. a.

view of the cover plate;

Fig. 6 is a top viewof' the central portion of the upper partition;

Fig. 7 is a side view of the lower diaphragm used in the hardening operation looking in a direction parallel to the section plane of Fig. 2; y

Fig. 8 is a top view and Fig. 9 a side view of the lower diaphragm used in the drawing operation;

Fig. 10 is a central vertical section and Fig. 11. a top view of the adapter; and

Fig. 12 is a top View of the water receptacle.

The furnace is cylindrical and its side wall 10 may be composed of the brick covered by insulating material 11 and a metal shell 12. Within the chamber formed by the side wall 10 is a checkered cylindrical wall 13 which extends from the bottom to the top of the furnace and divides it into an outer annular chamber and an inner cylindrical chamber. The outer annular chamber is divided into a plurality of heating chambers 14, 15 and 16 by horizontal separator walls or partitions l7, l8. Burners 20 are provided. for heating the heating chambers. At the bottom of the inner cylindrical ortreat ing chamber is a water receptacle 21.

The parts of the furnace thus far described were in use prior to the making of the invention herein claimed. In such furnaces a. different degree of heat was pro duc'ed in each of the heating chambers 14:, and 16. As eachchamber was in free communication through the checkered wall with a portion of the treating chamber, different temperatures were produced in different parts of the. treating chamber. As however free convectionot heat took place I in the space between a shell suspended in the treating chamber and the checkered wall there were no clearly defined zones of diff'erent temperatures. In so far as zonesof differing temperatures were produced the location as well as the general extentfof the zones were determined by the position of the par ltions 1T 18 which formed a permanent part of the furnace.

The present invention aims to provlde for 'moresharply defining the zones of different temperatures in the treating chamber and for varying the relative extent of such zones.

For this purpose, one ormore removable .diaphragms or dividing members are pro- (ill .which are fixed in the furnace.

vided l'or liyidinothe space between the wall oi the trez ting chamber and the object being treated into the required number of zones. and these diaphragrnis are made removable so that by the use of diilerent diaphragnis suitably formed the relative extent of thesereral dii'l'erent zones may be varied without otherwise changing the :lurnace structure. The diaphragms are formed with a central opening of suitable size and shape so that the inner edge will extend closely about the object to be treated;

In the embodiment of the invention shown, the partitions l7, 18 are extended inwardly through the checkered or other toraininous wall 13 so that their inner portions form a part of this wall and their inner edges provide ledges extending into the treating chamber upon which a e seated annular diaphragms 25, 26. The diameter of the central opening in these diaphragg is is only slightly larger than that ol the shell to be treatedfso that while the LlliLPllI'Zl Z IZHS do not interfere with the placing of the shell in the furnace or the rotation of during treatment, they substantially prerent conrection of heat between the zones which they form in the treating chamber. Furthermore, the diaphragms may be, and in some cases are, so formed that the zones of different temperatures at the surface of the shell under treatment do not correspond with the position of the partitions 17, 15 5 [is shown in Fig. 2. the lower diaphragm is termed to extend upwardly within the chamber so that its inner edge will surround the shell in a plane substantially above that of the partition 18, thereby increasing; the extent of the lower heating zone and decreasing that of the next upper zone. When the diaphragm is so extended in the direction longitudinal of its axis, its longitudinally eX tending portion between its outer and inner edges should. be oi such diameter as to lie spaced outward from thesurfacc of the ob feet to be treated and spared inwa from the chamber wall.

Seated upon a ledge 3i at ilie. t p treating chamber is a similar diap iragg i which has a central. opening: s illicicn large to permit the insortioi'i of the shell. the treating chamber. over plates 2H and 29 are proyided for closing this opening in the diaphragm 2'7 and thus subslautially preventing the escape of heat fro-in the top of the upper zone.

The diaphramis 2b, 2'? are all removable. The top diaphragm :37 has a circuin'lt'erential flange 30 which. rests upon the ledge 31 at the top of the treating chamher. This ledge 3i extends outwardly from the surface otthe wall of the treating chamber and the top opening 32 of the furnace J greate ri -m t r than the ti s shell at various dili'erenl;

18 and extendin into the treating chainher.- The segmental flanges 3e are ada atczl to pass between the ends of the segmental ledges of the partition 17 so that the diaphragm 26 may he lifted out of the "chamber.

For use in place of: the shown in 2, other d' to thesev but having cent: a diiierent diametermay be adapt the furnace to the treatment or shells of different diameter. in adoitioin other dia 'ihragms may be provided which arc so formed that their inner eiliges surround the a ertical distai'u-es from the partitions with which their outer peripheries are aligned. Thus, any desired arran rrnient 0; the position an extent of the mines of treatment of. the shell ma be secured without altering the ext nt or .1 1 o, combustion than. n i is .i is shown a diaphragm 25 which may be Sill/ ill stituted for the diaphragm shown 2. The diaphragm has flanges similar the flanges diaphragm 25, but its general shat lar to that of the diaphragm 26 i it is used the upper limit of the lowest Zone of treatment 0"? the shell. corresponds with the position oi? the partition i instead of beingabove this pi as is 'ti'tion the case when the diaphragm 5 13 is used.

The diapliragg'ms may be constructed in various ways and of various materials. it being" essential, however. llia i they be capable ot \ril nc ndiiuy the 'lfurnavi. icing-aeratures. It desirable also that they be formed wholly nirtiv oil; lliSllliltlllif ma l 1 I i rcrial -o reuuve neat lllllllili .is shown 1-! inc d'i'au'i :llx dial.ua. 3;in:;:. and the cow l lii.HL1Hli wir-iisls' o a p "lo! il ni l. ll'zillll both latin cement and lire z-lay. or terial. 'llie itlalinr .na erit" through the perl oratioiis in well as around the c og es of that the layers of it upon opposite sides the frame are securely bender. togeth in shell treating furnaces he"eto"ore u: it has been customary to support l Ll 1.,440, see

" to eliminate this ditliculty by providing nose of the shell.

means for engaging the shell thus accurately determining, its vertical position in theturnace. In the embodiment shown in the drawings, the means for determining the Vertical position of the shellfcomprises an adapter 44 which is located in the upper portion of the water receptacle The water receptacle 21 contains passages providing for a continuous circulation of the water containedin it, and is in general similar to the receptacles which have herej-tofore been used in furnaces of this kind.

from such receptacles'in that three recesses In the forin shown in the drawings it ditiers 4:6 are formed in. the portion of its upper 'edge which is-within. a flange L7. The

adapter 44 has a frusto-conical hody 45. It isprovidedat its top with three outwardly eted to he seated in the recesses 46 of the recep tacle 21 so as to suspend the adapterin the u) er ortion oi"? the rece jtacle as shown in Figs. 2 and 3. Theinner surface of the adaptcr'is provided with a plurality of inwardly extending upper projections 4.19 and a plurality of inwardly extending lower projections 50. 'The inner edges 51 of the projections 49 and are so formed that they all enga e at the same time the ogira-l portion of a shell'lowered into the receptacle 21. The adapter thus serves to eng e and support the shell during the drawn treatment with exactly the desired portion of its nose immersed, int-he water of the receptaclo. The arrangement of the adapter is such that it does not interfere with the circulation of the Water in the receptacle about the Separate adapters may he I prorided for each size of shell to he trcatedin the furnace." These ada fiters are all similar to the adauter 4 lcxceot for variations in the l leii ths of theprojections 49 and and the of :he inn surfaces 51. (,rt these projectionswhich are made to en ble them to fit the shells'ol? different sizes.

The operation and use oi the furnaces.

such heatin It is desirable to, remove the out by means of it. Furth inn" in ward c osely around ".s-iired temperature may ace during the heating of numhei of shellst'or hardening, each shell being lowered to the position indicated in Fig. 2 for water receptmtle 21, from the Furnaceduring such heating. v

For the drawing or tempering. treatment of the shell, it is desirable to substitute a diaphragm such as the diaphragm-25 of Figs. 3, 8 and 9 for the diaphrag; to remove the diaphragm 25 the diaphragms 26 and must he first removed,

and they are replaced after the diaphragm,

The use oi the furnace described is by no' means limited to hardening and drawing trc nenl as various other sorts of heat tree ient of various articles maybe carried H lore, we wish it clearly understood that outinvention is hy no means limited to its application to the ticult )e of t'urnace in. connection i h which hasheen described for the inyentionmay he incorporated in dili'erential treatment tiii'nacos oi? other types.

i i hat cl nied is:

l. in a c crentiul heating furnace, the cwnhination o a treating: chinnher, a dia- *end m inwairlly from the wall .1210. having an inner edge 1 .i :tend close to the surface of the object tohe treated. and means for supplyheat to the zones formed in said chamher by s i diaphragnn wherehya desired temperature. may he maintained in each zone. t

2. in a diterential l'ieating furnace, the

coinhii'iatioiz "with. a cylindrical. heating chamber of an annular diaphragm eXtendtron? l he wa ll i said chamber finer edge :i-clapted to extend lie olxicct to he treatedv and means "for supplying; heat to the ZOIRS termed in said chamber hysaid diaphragm, whci'chw' and having ltb rernti al llLd ting; inri'mce tl'io a it '19 chamber ind a outer a ("In pted to en and an inner adap to extend close to the ohiel-t to he heated. and means for s:i'pglyiue heatto the zones formed in the chamber by said diaphragm. whereby (lellQ- maintained -h zone, L in a GIN adapted to engage the wall 01 sai-dtreating In order desired temperaturemay hemain- "tamed in each mnc. i

aid chaniher,

difiei'ential heating furnace a i treating chamber a removable diaphragm in said treating chamber having 11 outeredgge i so provided at its periphery with means for supporting it inthe treating chamber of the furnace.

15. A zoning diaphragm for use in a differential heating furnace, comprising a per-' ing a treating chamber, the combination of gage the object to be treated and to deterv a plurality of annular diaphragms arranged in spaced positions in said chamber and each adapted closely to surroundthe object to be treated, and engaging means in the chamber adapted to engage a surface of the ob ject and to determine its position with respect to said diaphragms.

17. In a differential heat treating furnace having a treatingchamber and a liquid receptacle at the bottom thereof, an adapter removably seated in said receptacle'having spaced projections. located below the level of the liquid in said receptacle adapted. to enmine the extent to whichsaid object is inserted in the receptacle while permitting a free circulation of the liquid in said receptacle about the portion of the object submerged inthe liquid.

18. In a differential heat treating furnace having a treating chamber and a liquid receptacle at the bottom thereof, an adapter insaid receptacle having spaced internal projections formed to engage the cgival portion of a she'll-inserted in the treating chamber and to determine the extent to which said shell is inserted in said receptacle while permitting a free circulation of the liquid in said receptacle about the nose of the shell.

19. In a furnacehaving atreating chamber, the combination of an annular diaphragm at the top of said chamber containing a central opening to permit the insertion of a shell in the chamber, and a divided cover plate seated upon said diaphragm and covering the opening ther in to prevent substantially the escape of heat from the treating chamber. i

In testimony whereof we have hereunto set our hands in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

FREDERICK C. LANGENBEBG. JOHN F. FETTERLY. l/Vitnesses:

" JOHN G. SOLBERG,

R. H. WEBBER.

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