US1436629A - Transfer negative - Google Patents

Description

M. ULLM'A-N'N.

TRANSFER NEGATIVE. APPLICATION FILED JULY 8,1922.

1,436,629. A .Patented N0v.21,1922.

2 SHEETs-SHEET 1'.

Max: ZZma/rz.

M. ULLMANN. TRANSFER NEGATIVEl APPLICATION FILED JULY 8,1922. n 1,436,629, Patented NOV. 21, 1922.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

IW/ven o 21. man UZZmaW// Patented Nov. 21, 1922.

UNITED STA'I'BSt PATENT oFF1cE.-

MAR ULLMANN, or zWrcxAU, GERMANY, AssIGNoR To I :ARLWERTHQ or THERAGUE,

l NETHERLANDS; Y 1.

' TRANSFER NEGATIVE.

Continuation of applications Serial No. 810,092, iled` January 2, 19-14, Serial 160,461,454, led April .14, 1921, and Serial No.14611,155,` led April 14, 1921. This application nled July 8*, 1922. Serial No.

T o all whom t may concern.' 1 l Be itknown that I, MAX ULLMANN, residing at 16 Talstrasse, Zwickau, Saxony, Germany, have invented an Improvement `in Transfer Negatives `(for which I have tiled applications in Germany, No. 287,214, Apr. 13, 1914, filed Aug. 13, 1913; No. 349,230, Dec. 21,1921, filed Jan. 7, 1920; No. 349,231,

Dec. 21, 1921, filed Jan.`7, 1920; Belgium,

713, Jau. 20, 1914, filed N0v.'10, 1913; N41

523,335, Ju1y,3, `1921, filed Nov. 3, 1920; No. 626,836, July 8, 1921, -filed Nov.' 3, 1920; Sweden, No; 40,165, Jan. 27, 1916,' filed O'ct.- 24, 1913; No. 5,432/20, led Nov. 13, 1920;

No. 5,433/20, filed Nov. 16, 1920; Norway,-

No. 25,815, March 8, 1915,1iled Oct. 25, 1913; No. 33,301, Aug. 22,1921, filed Nov. 2, 1920; No. 33,302, Aug; 22, 1921, sled Nov. 3, 1920; Italy, No. 433/42, Jan. 22, 1914, iled'Nov. 3,1913; No. 542/135', Jau. 31,1922, filed Oct. 20, 1920; No. 542/133, Jau. 3,1, 1922, filed Oct. 20, 1920; Switzerland, No. 66,334, June 30, 1914; fned 051.24, 1913; No. 91,393,-

Sept. 15, 1921, 'filed Oct. 22, 1920; No. 92,159, Sept. 30, 1921, 11133053. 22, 1920; Austria,

No. 67,756, Sept. 29, 1914, filed Oct. 23, 1913;

Austria, No. 5,873-20, filed Oct. 21, 1920; ,Y

No. 5,374-20, filed Oct. 21, 1920; Hungary, No. 33, 072, Oct. 3, 1914, sled Oct. 24, 1913; No 14,667, Feb. 14, 1921, filed Oct. 29, 1920; No. 14,333, Feb. 14, 1921,31ed O51. 29, 192,0; Russia, No..60,247, filed Oct. 19', 1913; Luxemburg, No. 10,412, Oct. 25, 1913, filed Oct. 25,

1913; No. 11,985, Oct. 23, 1920, filed Oct. 23,v

1920; No. 11,933, Oct. 23, 1920; filed O31. 23, 1920; Czecho-Slovakia, No. 7,051/2, Sept. 7, 1921, filed Nov, 11, 1919; N0. 3,921/20, filed Nov. 20,1920; No. 8,922/21, Nov. 20, 1920; Argentine, No. 11,513, Aug. 28,1914, filed Dec. 18, 1913; No. 22,781, Apr. 11,1921, filed Apr. 11, 1921; No. 22,394, J an. 14, 1921,

filed Jan. 14, 1921' Rumania, No. 3,486,

Dec, 21, 1913, filed 0V 12, 1913; NO. .6,854, filedk March 17, 1921;

o. 3,349, filed Jau.

rect trans er to printing 6,1913;5No. 67 ,124, lfiled March 30, 1921; No. v 66,112, `filed Marchy 5, 1921; Poland, No.

19,433, ined Apri1'21, 1920; No. 14,994, Oct. 23, 1920 No. 15,090, filed O51. 30, 1920; Canada, o. 155,917, May 26, 1914, filed Dec. 23,-1913; No. 255,117,'fi1ed June 10,A 1921; No. 255,148, filed June l0, 1921; Brazil No. 11,340,11133 .191113, 1914; No. 12395 ov. 23,1921, 11133 .191125, 1921; No. 12,443, Dec. 17 1921, led March 26, 1921; lAustralia, No. 11,848, March 6, '1914,led Jan.`13,k 1914; No. 1,071/21, led March 23 a 1921; No. 39/21, filed Jau. 3 1921; Mexico, i90, 14,971, Dec. 9, 1913,11141 14913112.1914; No.v 20,023, Feb. 13, 1921, filed Feb. 14,- 1921; No. 20,239, May 18, 1921, filed May 17, 1921; Holland, No. 3,645, Nov. 19, 1913, and No. 1,805, Feb. 15,1921; filed Nov. 27 1920; filed Nov. 29, 1920; Finland, No. 8,693,Sept. 2, 1921, filed Nov. 2, 1920; No. 8,694;v Sept. 2, 1921, filed Nov. 2,1920; Portugal, No. 12,104, Dec.19,

1921, filed Feb. 23,1921; No. 11,994, .March 11, 1921, filed Dec. 15, 1920; Turkey, No. 3,178, March 12, 1921, filed March 12, 1921; No. 3,152, Dec. 15, 1920,31ed Dec. 13, 1920), of whichl the (following description, inconnection with the accompanying drawings,l

is a specification, like characters on the drawings representing like parts'.

This invention relates to a transfer negative which` may be produced by a quick and cheap process and will provide a well defined reproduction of 'such originals as are adapted to reiiect light from at least a portion oftheirsurfaces, for example, printedv matter, photographs, drawings, charts and other desi offset or direct printing. A s describedherein the invention provides further improves, and which' is" adapted for dilates for use in ments facilitating theproduction oftrans- 4fer negatives adapted for safe and convenient handling, shipment and storage.

4This application is a continuation of my earlier application for method of manufacturing prnting plates, filed Jan. 2, 1914,

Serial No. 810,092, and my later applications tiled April 14, 1921, Serial Nos. 461,454

illustrating steps` in the production of the ne ative;

ig. 3 is a plan view with parts succesof copying; n

Fig. 411s a section on the line 4-4of sively broken away illustrating the process' 3; ig. 5 is a plan of the negatlve ;V Fig.` 6 is a'section on the line 6`6 `of f F igf? is a diagrammaticsection illustrating a further step in of negative;kand Fig. 8 is a section illustrating a still further form ofthe negative. r n r t It will beunderstood that in the drawings the thickness of the various layers. is `enormouslyexaggerated.4 Y

4 My inventlon may be convenientlyy understood from a description of "the following method of preparing thetransfer negative. For anv illustrativeexample I will describe the production of a transfer negative which in its completedv form need embody no such carrier as a lass plate and which is -reversr ible to permlt it to beutilized in preparing plates,onj one hand for an offset press or on the other hand for anv ordinary lithographic* yressfor zinc rotary machine. To roduce t isnegative I may utilize a transf ucid carrier 10 rsuch as a glass plate which carries al translucent film 12 of chromated colloid such as bichromated gelatin.

Referring to Fig. 41, two suitable glass plates 10 may be placed together as shown and held pressed together by clampsor other suit-able means. The edges of the plates are then dipped ,into a solution lof rubber so that the side edges of the glass plates are covered as illustrated at 14` and also, the

margins-of the faces thereof at 16 to form a rubber coated marginperhaps .25 cm. inV Width. The double yplate thus produced may then be immersed in a solution of beeswax which has been dissolved in `carbon tetrachloride, for example. Thefac'es ofthe platewill each thus receive a smooth, erf,

fectlyltransparent layer 18 of wax. hen this coating `is dried,.the,plate is dippedinto a vessel containing 3% vcollodion and aV few drops of castor oil to 4provide the coatings 20. Itis then set upright and allowed to 2, with a' solution of chromated colloid suc preparing one form or dyeing baths until the `tion of pentamethyl p-v rosaniline.

dry. When the coatings shown in Fig. 1 are dry, the two plates, each being. coated on one side and uncovered onthe other, ,arel

separated and each is then treated asa unit. The coated side is coated, as shown in Fig. for instance, as bichromated gelatin,`to pro@ vide a sensitized layer -12 which should be very thin, preferably much less than .01 of a millimeter thick. The completed plate ma then be utilized for copying an original.

he plate is laid on the original 22 which is toy be copied with the film '12 in face to face contact therewith, as illustrated in Figs. 3 and 4, and light rays 24 from a suitable source are passed fromthe rear of the plate 10 through the. various transparent layers n the face thereof including the sensitlzed layer 12 andare reflectedat 26 from the white portions of the original `but are absorbed by the black portions such as ordinary print. The ortions of the sensitized film-*12 oppositet e white portionsrof the original are rendered actinized and insoluble by the reflected light.- lThe negative is then washed in -water or dilute acid to remove the portions which have not been rendered insoluble.l There is thus produced on the plate 10 a negative defined b theinsoluble portions of the chromated co loid layer and exhibiting the design corresponding to the black lorcolored design of the original in intaglio where the so uble colloid has been washed away. After the washing the plate is ,dippedy inl'one or more suitable coloring layer remaining on `the p ate are suciently colored and made relatively opaque so that they will intercept all objectionably actinic light, the plate 10 being resistant to the dye.

parts of the colloid Baths of suitable soluble aniline dyes are .l

adaptable for thispurpose such, ffor instance when printin plates having sensitive coatings of the klnds commonly used are to be produced as methyl violet'or a dilute soll negative exposed and dyedin this manner, whetheror not utilizing the layers 18 and 20, which I have here described in order to facilitate theunderstanding of the subsequent description of further possible and desirable manlpulations of the negative, may

lbe used in the production of printing plates andfforms; vfor Aexample it 4may be copied upon a sensitizedV printlng printingcarried on by the o set'process in the usualway. y y

y In Fig. `3 portions of the ycapital R representin ythe image on the original'are section lined r black merely to indicate that they are beneath the plate 10 and the films'12, 18 and 120. As the latter are transparent ob viously the image would show with practically complete intensity. In Fig. 5, representing the negative, the dyed colloid film late and the terial is exposed to light, but a continued Sti i is lined to represent purple, this being merehe film 12 of bi-chromated colloid is an found that no difliculty is encountered *Withl shadows from the printed matter on the reverse side of the original not in contactwith the colloid film, and I believe this to be the case because the` passage ofthe light is` not immediately obstructed as soon vas the ma# action of the reflected light is "permitted which, metaphorically speaking, burns out any shadows Which might be ldue to a slight 'I absorptionof the light by printedmatter on the'reverse'side ofthe original. y l

The materia'lsutilized in the process are very cheap and may be handled Without the aid of a camera by girls and relatively un' skilled labor and vvlth ordina-ry care may ben manipulated in daylight. i y

While a negative prepared as just described may be"utili zed"` Withoutffurther treatment it is possible that,the`im`age may fade orl bleed if the negativefis left in Water and give an indistinct picture requir- ,ingA re-coloring. Furthermore, if the nega` tive after drying is-to be coated, for `in'` stance, `as hereinafter described -With an aqueous preparation such as a- 'gelatin' solution, there is 'da-nger that the coating Will absorb the dyestuf. I `thereforeprefer` to convert the dyestuifs, Whether -basic er acid, into compounds insoluble in vvater by treat- 4ment with certainsalts and acid or basic bodies according to the character of the' particular dyestuf originally used, usually an acid agent being adapted for use with a basic dyestuff and vice versa. Thus, 4if as suggested the original `dyestiif is 'p'entame-` 5 and 6 is a negative both as regards coloration and as regards form, that is, the characters` are reversed as compared with the original. Such a negative, therefore, unless a counter-transfer is made, can be used for printing only on offset machines. The negative Would in such case be copied on a zinc or aluminum plate in Well known manner. The imageon the metal plate would then be a positive, thecharacters appearing right `side to and thus suitable for printing on an offset press. If it isdesired to print on an ordinary lithographie' press or on a zinc rotary press, a counter-transfer could `be made so as to reverse the image. Since by the process of transfer and counter-transfer sharpness and distinctness are lost, I prefer toprovide means for reducing negatives in such a manner that t ey `may be reversible and can be utilized Without transfer for producing plates either for a lithographie machine or for an offset one. For this purpose I preferably `prepare the negative in the man,-

4ner already described and after it has been broughtto the stage illustrated by F ig. 6 the negative is completed by the addition of an outer coating and removal from the glass plate. For example, an aqueous gelatin solution to which a few drops of glycerin have been added may be applied, thereby providin@ the coating 28. The plate is then placed on a cold supportand quickly chilled to` set the gelatin. The drying is done With Warm air.` As indicated at the left of Fig. 7 the rubber margins vof thevcompound film comprising the layers 18, 20, 1Q- and 28, inelusive, `al'ethen severed and this compound film stripped off the glass plate 10.

The' compound film thus stripped from, theplate v`10 comprises the layer 12 embodying the dyed image of `actinized chroma-ted, colloid and the transparent layers on either side thereof, the layer 28 filling the depres` sions 0f the relief image formed on the layer 12 and providing a perfectly smooth surface. The gelatin layer 284 also serves as a reinforcement of the film When removed `from the supporting plate of glass or other transparent material `10. The compound film is reversible and, While a negative as regards color, as compared with the original is either a negative or a positive as regards form according 'to which` side it is viewed from. By utilizing `one or another vof the smooth faces thereof as desired, a printing platey may be prepared adapted for use either in an offset press or the ordinary fiat plate printing machine. The operation is the customary one in doing transfer Work, the proper face of the compound film being opposed to the plate in accordance with the result desired. I deem it unnecessary to' describe in detail the method of operation. It Will be seen that the negative preparedin this manner, Without the usual carrier in the form of the glass plate l` or its equivalent', may be used as a medium for copying the image either right side to or in reverse position for-use either with offset printing presses or direct printing presses, and that in either instance the procs ess is direct and time saving without the necessity of transfers, and that the sharpness. and definition of images are preserved.

' tial and that the negatives as referred to in To reinforce such a negative as I have referred to fortransportation and handling, it lmay be mounted as shown in Fig. 8 upon a sheet 30 of translucid tissue paper or other suitable tough material preferably of a fibrous nature but substantially without palpable grain which would cause dispersion of light and resultant lack of definition when utilizing the negative for transfer purposes. Variouspapers suitable for this urpose are now known although the speci c steps by which they are manufactured are regarded as trade secrets.

I have described in detail the production of such a transfer negative as is illustrated in Fig. 8 but it will be understood that not all the features embodied therein arek essenthe course of the description may be utilized. The transfer negatives in any instance are accurate and sharply defined reproductions of the original and are much cheaper than zinc plates, lithographie' stones, half-tones and electrotypes and may be readily stored and shipped. The facility and low cost of their production makes it possible to` dispensey with the storage `of expensive plates since from a single example of a work once printed from platev or types set of plates for further printing may be readily produced without sacrifice 1n quality of the work. 1

Havingdescribed in detail a particular embodiment of my invention by way of example, without limiting myself thereto, I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent the following:

1. A transfer negative suitable for the production of printing plates embodying an image of actinized bichromated colloidv dyed to intercept all objectionably actinic light. 2. A transfer medium comprising a translucid fieldv and a negative image consisting of an actinized chromated colloid dyed to intercept actinic light and constituting` a means which may be ap lied without light reversal to the direct pro uction of a printing plate.

3. A transfer medium comprising a translucid carrier having thereon a body of i actinized bichromated colloid defining a" design dyed to intercept actinic light and constituting a negative image suitable for the direct production of printing plates.

4. A transfer medium comprising a translucid carrier having thereon a negative image consisting of actinized bichromated colloid formed in relief and dyed with a soluble dyerhaving light intercepting Vproperties as exemplified'by methyl violet defining an intaglio design, e

l,5. A reversibl transfer negative suitable l for theproduction Aof printing plates to provide at will either of relatively reversed images lcomprising an image of actinized bichromated colloid treated to intercept light and imbedded 4between transparent coatings presenting smooth exterior faces.

`6. A reversible transfer negative suitable to produce at will ,either of relatively reversed images comprising an intaglio-image of actinized bichromated colloid treated to intercept light .and imbedded between trans-` parent coatings fillingits interstices'to form a laminated film of uniformthickness. l

U 7. A transfer negativecomprising an image -of actinized bichromated colloid treated to intercept' light and imbedded between transparent coatings to provide a film of substantially luniform thickness, said film having one kface adherent to a reinforcing sheet of translucid tough fibrousV material substantially without palpable grain.

8. A fiexibletransfer negative consisting of. a film comprising alayer of transparent colloid with which is associatedadyed image of actinized bichromated colloid, said `filmv being reinforced with a thin sheetl of trans-l lucid, paper, whereby it may be printed by light'from eitherside.

9. A flexible transfer negative consisting of a film of a plurality ofv layers of transparent colloid with which is associated a dyed ima e of actinized bichromated colloid, said lm eing reinforced with a thin sheet of translucid paper, whereby. it `may be printed by light from either side.

10.v A I transfer negative comprising `a translucid carrier r'having jthereon a dyed i body-of actinized chromated colloid defining a design and mounted on a translucid fibrous sheet. 4

11. A transfer negative comprising a chromatecolloid photographic image treated to render it impervious to light imbedded between transparent films and'mounted on a translucid fibrousv sheet.

12. vA flexiblel transfer mediuml comprisin a negative image of actinized chromatedco loidI dyed to intercept actinic light mounted on a sheet Vf translucid tough fibrous material substantially without palpable grain.

In testimony whereof, I have signediny name to this specification.

MAX ULLMANN.

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