US1422767A - Excavating and loading machine - Google Patents

Description

E. KEAST.

EXCAVATING AND LOADING MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED IAN.24, I92I.

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EXCAVATING AND LOADING MACHINE.

APPLICATION man 1AN.24,1921.

Patented. July M, 1922.

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WW1/woo L KEAST.

EXCAVATING AND LOADING MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED IAN. 24 192|.

Patented July III, 1922,

4 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

E. KEAST.

EXCAVATING AND LOADING MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED IAN.24, I92I. l ,422,7671 Patented July IL 1922.

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UI @L nvemtoz wilma@ wd/ da l www@ . ERNEST Knas'a'or Nneaniina, MICHIGAN.

EXCAYATING AND LOADING- MACHINE.

Lazare?.

T o aZZ whom t may concern Be it known that I, ERNEST KnAsr, a citizen of the United States residing at Negaunee, in the county of Marquette and State of Michigan, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Excavating and Loading Machines; and I-do de.

clare the followingl to be a full, clear', and exact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the saine.

This invention relates to an 1m roved excavating and loading machine for use 1 n mining, and. one object of the-'invention is to provide a machine of the character d escribed so constructed that it may be u sed in digging a tunnel, the machine having a shovel for scooping up. material at the end of the tunnel and delivering the material to a' car to the rear of the machine and upon vthe same track.

' Another object of the invention is to so construct the machine that the carriage lhaving the shovel pivotally connected therewith maybe moved forwardly upon/ the truck of the machine or rearwardly, improved means being provided for swinging the scoop and scoop carrying arms vertically and dumping means being provided to engage the scoop carrying arms and swing the arms and scoop back toward :a lowered position after being emptied.

Another object of the invention is to s o mount the carriage upon the truck that it may swing horizontally thus permitting the scoop to engage material at the sides of the tunnel as well as directly in front of the machine. A

Another object of the` invention is to provide improved air-actuated operating means for moving the excavating shovel longitudinally of the truck, checking means being providedto prevent this shovel frommoving too rapidly.

Another object of the invention is to so arrange the actuating and controlling means for the carriage that the valves of the air cylinder and oil cylinders' may be simultaneously operated.

This invention is illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein:

'Figure l is a top plan view of the improved machine.

Figure 2 is a view showing the machine in rear elevation.

Specication of Letters Patent. Pattgmtd July 119 19220 Application led January '24,. 14921. Serial No. 489,569. i

Figure 3 is a side. elevation of the iniproved machine;

Figure 4 is a top plan. View looking at the base plate of the carriage.

Figure 5 is a diagrammatic view of the controlling structure for the carriage.

cated in general by the numeral 2 and provided. with axles 3 having wheels 4 for `engaging the rails 1. This truck, includes a plate or platform 5 having brackets 6 se-` cured thereto and supporting pulley wheels 7 which are vertically disposed and positioned beneath the platform at the forward and rear ends of the truck. Cylinders 8 are mounted beneath the site sides of the truck and each is provided with' a piston 9 which extendsl through the head at the forward end of its cylinder. Cables 10 and 11 have been providedI as shown, the cable 10 extending across the rear of the truck and having its end portions passed about the pulley wheels at the rear end of the truck Vand then carried forwardly and connected with the pistons 9. The cables 11 are connected with the forward corner portions of the platform 5 and after being engaged with the pulley wheels 14 at the forward ends of the pistons are engaged with the pulleys 7 and then connected with the tongue 12 which extends forwardly and downwardly from the base plate 13 of the carriage mounted vupon the truck. Suitable air pipes 15 have been provided so that compressed air maybey adlmitted to the cylinders 8, it being understood that air will only be admitted to one cylinder at a time so that one piston may be forced through its cylinder to draw upon the cables 1l and swing the base plate of the carriage to one side. The provision of the rear cables 10 will prevent the pistons from having movement independent of each other and the cables 11 will thus at all times be kept tight and prevented from becoming slack.

The carriage is provided with side walls 16 which terminate in bearing bracket extensions 17 for rotatably mounting a roller 18. As previously explained, this carriage is pivotally connected with the truck by means of a pivot bolt or pin 19 so that if desired, the carriage may be swung upon platform `5 at oppo-` a longitudinally extending centrally disv angle-iron track scoop from the fillin the truck to one -side or the other, thus permitting the scoop 2O to remove dirt and rock from the side portions of a tunnel as well as from directly in front of the machine. This scoop is carried by supporting arms 21 which extend rearwardly of the machine vand have their rear end portions loosely mounted upon axles 22 which have mounted thereon, inner and outer rollers or " wheels 23 and 24. The inner rollers 23 rest upon the track bars-25 and the outer rollers or wheels 24 rest upon the bars 26 guard strips 27. These guard strips 27 serve to prevent the outer rollers from leaving the track rails 26. The supporting arms 21 are to be swung upwardly and move the position shown in full lines in Fig. 3 to t eqelevated or dumpingposition indicated 'by dotted lines in this figure so that the earth and rock. may be deposited in a suitable freight car or other vsimilar car mountedl upon the rails to the rear of the excavating and loadingmachine. In addition to swinging upwardly, the scoop is to be moved forwardly and rearwardl and in order todo so, there has been provi ed a pusher having side arms 28'which side arms are mounted upon the axles 22 and have thlir outer end portions connected by a cross bar 29. These side arms 28 are. proy vided with longitudinally extending upstanding side flanges 3() from which extend standards 31, These standards 31 have their upper end portions 32 carried toward each yother in converging relation as shown in Fig.

2 and terminate in upstanding -ears which provide bearings 33 to rotatably mount the roller 34. A chest 35 is mounted upon the platform 13'andthis chest is provided with posed cylinder 36 and longitudinally extending cylinders 37 which are positioned u on opposite sides of the cylinder 36 and sma ler in diameter. The cylinder 36 is an air cylinder and the cylinders 37 are fluid cylinders to contain water, oil or any other suitable fluid. A relatively large piston 38 is mounted in the cylinder 36 and smaller pistons 39 are mounted in the cylinders 37, the pistons having close fit with the walls of the cylinders so that these pistons may move longitudinally through the cylinders but air and fluid may not pass the pistons. Piston 38 is provided with a piston rod 40 which extends through the forward end of the cylinder 36 and is connected with the cross bar 29 and the pistons 39 are provided with piston rods 41 which also extend through the forward ends of their cylinders and have their forward end portions connected with the cross bar 29. From aninspection of the drawings, it will be readily seen that when the piston 38 which may be termed a driving piston is moved through its cylinder, the

and beneath the\ shovel or scoop may be moved longitudinally y too rapidly.

It is desired to control movement of the pistons through their cylinders and in order todo so, the structure shown in Fig. 5 has been provided. Referring to this figure, it will be seen that there has been provided a valve 42, the valve 42 being provided with an inlet neck 43 having engagement with a supply pipe 44 which pipe will lead from a suitable source of compressed air.` An outlet neck 45 is provided for .this valve 42 and side arms 46 and 47 have been provided for engagement with pipes 48 and 49 leading to and communicating with opposite end portions of the cylinder 36. The rotatable'core 50/ of this valve is provided with arcuate passages 51 and 52 and from an inspection of this-figure, it will be readily seen that when this core is rotated through the medium of the actuating 4lever or handle 53, the

land the second side arm. Therefore, compressed air may be allowed to pass through one ofthe pipes 48 or 49 and into one end of the cylinder 36- to move the piston 38 longitudinally through the cylinder, air being forced out of the cylinder through the second pipe' and through the outlet of the valve. While thelpiston 38l is moving longitudinally, the pistons 39 will also move longitudi- ,nally in their cylinders and the oil, water or Iother liquid will be forced through outlets at the ends of these cylinders and by means of pipes will be led to and will pass into the cylinders-41 at the opposite ends thereof. This piping mentioned consists of pipes 54 which are connected with the end portions of one cylinder 41 and extend across the chest to the vopposite side thereof where vthey are extended toward and connected with the opposite endportions of a valve 55.

' Branch pipes 56 are provided and connected with the end portion of thezsecond cylinder 37 and it will thus be seen that the pipes will have communication with the end portions of both of the cylinders 37. The core 57 of the valve 55 is provided with a passage 58 so that communication may be established between the two pipes 54 and the actuating handle or lever 59 of this 'valve 55 is engaged by a link 60 which is connected with a bell-crank lever 61, the bell-crank 61 being in its turn connected with a bell-crank lever 62 by means of a link 63. This bellcrank lever 62 is connected with the lever 53 by means of a link 64 and it will thus be seen that when the lever 53 is moved to adrecare? just the core o'f the velvet/42, the core 57 of'.

the' valve 55 will also be moved and thus the two valves operated together. When the valve 42 is closed as Ashown in 'Fig 5, the valve 55' will valso be closed and when the Valve 42 is adjusted toestablish communication between the pipe 44 and oneof the pipes leading tov one end ofthe cylinder 36 66 is passed over the rollers-18 and 34 and is connected with the scoop so that when the cable is wound upon the drum, the scoopl and arm 2l will be swung upwardly tothe dotted line position of Fig. 3. In order to prevent the arms from swinging upwardly and striking the roller 18, a violent blow, there have been provided checks in the form of rollers 67 rotatably mounted between arms 68 which are pivotally mounted by means of a shaft 69 which extendsI transversely across the rear endA portion ofthe machine. Springs 70 are connected with the side walls 16 and` `arms 68 so that the arms will be yieldably held against upward swinging movement.

`by the arms 21 and therefore the arms 2],

It will thus be seen that the springswill be expanded when the rollers 67 are engaged will be prevented from striking violently against the roller 18 and further that the sp-rings 70 will tend to throw the arms 21 forwardly after they dirt and rock has passed out of the scoop. Therefore, the scoop will tend to return to a lowered position when the hoisting engine is reversed and the drum rotated to permit unwinding of the cable;

Vhen this device is in use, it will be moved along the track laid in the tunnel and brought to a stop adjacent the inner end of the tunnel where a pile of rock, dirt and other similar material has been cut or blasted from the inner end portion of a tunnel being constructed. The lever 53 will be moved 'to open the valve 55 and admit air through the pipe 49 into the rear end portion of the cylinder 36 and as this compressed air enters the cylinder, the piston 38 will be moved forwardly thus causing4 the shovel to be thrust forwardly as previously explained, the air in front of the piston passing out of the cylinder through the pipe 48 and out through the outlet 45. As soon as the shovel has been filled, forward movement of the shovel will be discontinued by operation of the lever 53 and the shovel can then bel swung upwardly by operating the hoisting engine to 'rotate the drum 65 and wind the cable 66 thereon. rlhe air may be admitted to the forward end of the cylinder 36 to i,

move the scoop'carrier structure rearwardly as the cable. is wound upon the drum or the carriage may be first moved rearwardly and the drum then' rotated to wind the cable'and swing the arms upwardly. When the scoop or shovel reaches the position indicated by lotted lines, the rock or dirt will pass out of the same. andv into a dirt car upon the -track to the rear ofthe excavating machine.

After the scoop is emptied, the drum may be released and the springs actingupon the arms 68 will swing the arms downwardly,r thus moving the arms 21 forwardly a. sufficient amount for the weight of the shovel and arms to carry J'the arms downwardly. The rotation of the drum while ,unwinding will be' controlled so that the scoop will move easily to the lowered position. Itwill thus be seen that there has been provided an excavator which may operate upon a track having the dirt car to the rear o f it and further that forward and rearward movement of the carriage will be controlled and the carriage prevented from moving forwardly and rearwardly beyond a desired speed by the fluid which must be forced out of the cylinders 37 through one end and back into the cylinders through the opposite ends. It will be further noted that the carn riage may be -swung to one side by means of air admitted to the cylinders 8 so that rock and dirt may be removedfrom the side portions ofthe tunnel as well as directly in front of the excavator.

I claim:

1. In a structure of the character de-y scribed, a truck, a carriage mounted upon said truck for transverse swinging movement, an arm extension at one end of said carriage intermediate its width, actuatin means movable longitudinally of said trucl and positioned adjacent the lsides thereof, guides carried by said truck, cables connected with said arm and engaging certain of -said guides and slidably engaging said actuating means and secured to said truck, and a cable engaging other of said guides and having its end portions connected with said actuating means at the opposite ends thereof from said first mentioned cables.

2. In a structure of the character described, a truck, a carriage pivotally mounted uponv said truck for transverse swinging movement, Huid cylinders carried by said truck and having piston rods sliding through their forward ends, .glides carried by the side portions of said truck at the forward and rear ends thereof, cables connected with the forward end portion of said carriage intermediate its width and engaged with the guides at the forward end of the truck and slidably engaging said piston rods and connected with said truck, and a cable extending across the rear portion of said truck and 4. An excavating machine comprising a body, a scoop, carrlers movable longitudinally of said body, arms for said scoop pivoted-to lsaid carriers, a yokehaving a cross bar and arms pivoted to said carriers, means for swinging vsaid scoop vertically, means for returning the scoop towards'a lowered osition, means connected with said cross bar Ifor imparting longitudinal movement to said scoop, and -means'connected with said cross bar for controlling longitudinal movement of said scoop. v

5. An excavating machine comprising a body, a scoop, carriers movable longitudinally of said body, arms for said scoop pivoted to said carriers for vertical swinging movement, a yoke having arms pivoted to said carriers, standards carried by the arms of said yoke, a roller carried by said standards, a roller carried by said body, hoisting means including a drum and a cable wound upon dsaid drum, and carried over said rollers and connected with said scoop, and means connected with said yoke for imparting longitudinal movement to the same. l

6. An excavating machine comprising a carrier having a bottom and side walls spaced upper and lower tracks carried by the side walls, inner tracksv carried by the bottom in spaced relation to the lower tracks of the side walls, a scoop, arms carrying said scoop, rollers positioned between the upper and lower tracks of the side` walls and other rollers resting upon the inner tracks, axles carrying said rollers and hav- 'ing said arms loosely mounted thereon,

a yoke having side arms engaging said axles, means engaging said yoke for moving said scoop longitudinally, and means for swinging the scoop and scoop carrying arms vertically. y

7. An excavating machine -comprising a body, carrier means movable longltudinally 0f said body, an implement having arms connected with/said carrier means for ver-l ing a piston therein and a piston rod extending from the piston through the end of the cylinder, a, push bar carried by said piston rods for engaging said implement, conduits 'having communication with opposite ends of said fluid cylinder and air cylinder, a;

valve for the conduit of the fluid cylinder, a valve for the conduit Vof the air cylinder having an outlet and having ,communication with .a feed pipe, and means for simultaneously adjusting said valves.

8. An excavatin machine comprising a body, carriers movble longitudinally thereof, a scoop having arms connectedwithlsaid carriers, a yoke connected withsaid carriers, an air cylinder, fluid cylinders,l pistons in saidl cylinders having piston shafts connected with said yoke, a'valve controlled conduit having connections withl opposite -ends of said {iuid cylinders, a valve controlled conduit having connectionswith opposite ends ofthe air cylinder, actuating means for the valve of each conduit, and means for imparting movement from the actuating means of one valve to the other. n o

' 9. An excavating machine comprising a body, carrier means carried by said body and movable longitudinally thereof, an implement having arms carried by said carrier means for vertical swinging movement, and means for imparting longitudinal movement to the carrier means and implement and controlling movement thereof, said means including cylinders having pistons movable therein, piston rods extending from the pistons through the ends of the cylinders, a push bar carried by the pistons for engaging the implement, conduits having -their end portions communicating with -said cylinders, a valvel connecting the end portions of one conduit and having an actuating lever h and1e, a valve for the second conduit connecting the end portions thereof and having an inlet and an outlet, a plug forl the last mentioned valve for selectively establishmg Acommunication between the inlet and one end portion of its conduit and the outlet and second end portion of the conduit, a lever handle for said lug, and means connecting said lever han les for transmitting movement from the one to the other.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto set my hand.

ERNEST KEAST.

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