US1418264A

US1418264A - Antidimmer for respirators and the like

Info

Publication number: US1418264A
Application number: US389690A
Authority: US
Inventors: Arthur B Lame
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1920-06-17
Filing date: 1920-06-17
Publication date: 1922-05-30
Anticipated expiration: 1939-05-30

Description

A. B. LAMB. ANTIDIMMER FOR RESPIRATORS AND THE LIKE.

APPLICATION FILED JUNE 17, I920.

Patented May 30, 1922.

- in Washington, District of Columbia, have a To (ZZZ whom it comer n:

anraiia ix. mm, or WASHINGTON, insurer or COLUMBIA.

ummer. ron nnsrma'rons n THE LIKE.

Be it known'that I, ARTHUR B. LAMB,,a citizen of the United States, and residing invented certain new and useful Improve:

. merits in Antidimmers for Respirators and Y the like, of which the following is a specifi 1 Many attempts have cation.

This. invention relates to respirators or gas masks of the type wherein both the purified and exhaled air are allowed to flow through the interior of the face-piece of the mask coming in contact with the lenses and alsothe type wherein a mouth-piece is employed for inhaling and exhaling air. In respirators as previously made, the moisture laden air upon being exhaled would strike the lenses which are usually atsucha temperature as to cause the temperature of the warm, moist air to fall-below its dew' point and deposit water, this obscuring the vision. been made to remedy this defect by various expedients such as drawing the air to be breathed over the lenses and by the use of antidimming comyositions which gave only temporary relief.

elatine or cellulose acetate lenses hitherto used are also unsatisfactory;in that they.

soften and become distorted. under service conditions.

Among the objects of this invention is the production of a respirator which shall not e subject to dimming of the lenses and in order to accomplish this I provide a device arrangement out a large part of the moisture from the exhaled air or air which has derived its which forms the eye-piece and includes an of members which precipitate moisture from other sources such asfrom the face and eyes before it reaches the lenses,

.thuspreventing v ciable amounts of water on the same,

respirator "so constructed is of furtherjadvantage in that the eye-piece needs no attention from the wearer, and there are no spare parts .to be carried, bulky wiping folds in the face-piece are made unnecessary, the vision is clear at all times, and the eye-piece isheld always in the proper position in front of the eyes. 7

rovide an eye-piece utilizing the conductivity of difierent materials as the underlying principle. .Acooling or radiating membeniswattached to the respirator in'such a manner that "the exhaled or humid air comes in contact with a portion of the same the deposition of appre- Specification of Letters Patent. P tent d M 30, 1922, Application filed June 17, 1920. sem no.'ssa,eeo.

beforeireaching the lens. The dew point of the'air is raised by the condensation of water vapor upon the cooling member so that-little or no-moisture condenses upon the lens. 'To, further prevent dimming the lenses may be heated by a specially constructed device which has the additional function of holdin the'respirator in'its ad-J the hygroscopic material and made to run out into a film. Each'of the above improvements s considered a distinct advance in the is used, the condensed'water'is absorbed by construction of respirators and various combinations of-my improvements are prefer: ably made to adapt the invention to various Working conditions.

- In the -accompanying drawings which illustrate a preferred mbodiment of the invention, Fig. 1 repre nts an exterior view piece, some parts being broken away to more clearly illustrate the manner in which the parts are assembled, and Fig. 5'. shows the eye-piece separate from certain of its, ac-

cessories.

of the improved respirator in adjusted posi- The 'facepiece 1 of the respirator which is of ordinary construction is held to the head of the wearer by flexible bands 2 and has inlet and exhaust passages 3 and ,4, respectively, of any well known construction. The specially constructed eye-piece is formed of a radiator 5 which is preferably a thin metallic sheet, as of aluminum, having-openings 9 formed therein to correspond with the ordinary eye-pieces The radiator 5 is joined to a cylindrical member 6 whichis placed-in the opening9; and extends inwardly and at its innermost portion is covered by a disk 7 which carries a. grid-or condenser-8, all these parts being, preferably .of

aluminum. This grid also serves as aprotection to the eyeof the wearer, especially in case the lens becomes-broken. A set of.

lenses 10 comprising preferablyinner and the cylinder and the lenses.

outer lenses 11 and 12 are fitted into an insulating ring 13 made preferably of hard rubber. The ring fits tightly into the metallic cylinder 6 but prevents contact between The inner lens is bound by a metallic ring 14 which in turn is connected to upper and lower

metallic bars

15 and 16, respectively, which are connected with

face pieces

17 and 18, respectively, the upper one of which is adapted to rest upon the forehead of the wearer and the lower upon the cheek. The

bars

15 and 16 pass through openings 19 in the cylinder 6 and are held spaced from the cylinder by the inshlating ring 13. 1

The embodiment shown in Fig. 5 difi'ers but slightly from the form above described and comprises the radiator 5, the cylinder 6 and ring 7 carrying the grid 8. A set of lenses 10 is placed as above indicated in position within the cylinder 6, the bars and accompanying face-pieces being omitted. If desired aring carrying a disk of surface hydrolyzed cellulose acetate may be placed upon the lenses of either form of eye-piece.

In use the action of the device is as follows:

The respirator is adjustedon the face and exhaled air flows in the direction of the lenses. The outer air which is usually colder than the exhaled air cools the radiator 5 which conducts away heat from the grid 8 cooling it so that when the warm moist exhaled air strikes the grid a large portion of its contained moisture is condensed and flows down. For additional protection against a deposition of water on the inner lens 11, the two lenses 11 and '12 are separated by an air-space which decreases'the cooling effect of the outer air. The inner lens is further heated by the heat of the' body conducted by means of the face-

pieces

17 and 18 through'the connecting bars to the encircling ring 14. By the twofold action, first, the coo-ling of the moist air and, second, the heating effect of the lens ractically no deposition of water on the fans can take place under even the most unfavorable field lens .need not necessarily come from the facebut may bederived from some other source; furthermore, the introductionof heat to the eye-piece lens is not limited to the use of the circular metallic ring 14, in fact in some instances it may prove desirable to place metallic strips across the eye-piece to facilitate the transfer of heat to the same.

The principles set forth herein are not limited to eye-pieces or eye-pieces of res pirators. In fact these principles may be adapted, by suitable means, to keeping moisture away from other surfaces, e. g.,-

glass windows, goggles, etc.

Although I have described a specific form of eye-piece, I do not intend to limit myself to this embodiment of my invention but what I claim is broadly the idea of utilizing the heat conductivity of different materials as above described except as limited by the following claims:

iWhat I claim is:

1. Means for preventing condensation of water on substances having one surface exposed to warmer atmosphere than the opposite surface comprising a cooling element serving as a condenser in close proximity to and coextensive with the surface exposed to the warmer atmosphere.

2. Means for preventing condensation of water on substances having one surface exposed to warmer atmosphere than the opposite surface comprising a cooling element serving as a condenser in close proximity to the surface exposed to the warmer atmosphere and a radiator having a relatively 1arge area exposed to the colder atmosphere and directly connected to said condenser.

3. Means for preventing condensation of water on windows and other glass objects having one side exposed to a warmer and more humid atmosphere than the opposite side comprising a metallic radiator of relatively large area exposed to the colder atmosphere and directly connected to a condenser in close proximity to the glass surface exposed to the warmer atmosphere.

4:. An eye-piece for respirators comprising a radiator on the exterior of the respirator directly connected to a condenser disposed to assume a position between the lens of the eye-piece and face of the wearer.

5. An eye-piece for respirators comprising a 'metallic radiator of relatively large area on the exterior of the respirator directly connected to a vertical, metallic grid disposed to assume a :position between the lens of eye-piece and face of the wearer.

6. An eye-piece comprising a cylinder ofconducting material forming a lensspace, a radiator having a relatively large area exposed to the outside atmosphere connected to said cylinder and to a metallic grid serving as a condenser.

. Means for preventin condensation of water on a lens dispose in an eye-piece comprising a heating element adapted to be connected to the eye-piece. v p

8. In combination with an eye-piece, means for preventing condensation of water on a' lens disposed in said eye-piece comprising a heating element connected to said eye-piece.

9. An eye-piece for respirators comprising a lens, a conducting member connected thereto and means for conducting heat from the face of the wearer to the lens throng said conducting member.

-and means for conducting heat from theface of the wearer to the lens through said metallic ring comprising a heating element having a conducting bar and a face-piece.

11. An eye-piece for respirators including a lens held by a metallic ring, conducting bars leading fromthe upper and lower ends of said ring and face-pieces connected to same adapted to contact with the forehead and cheek, respectively, of the wearer.

12. Means for preventing condensation of moisture on windows, lenses and the like,

comprising a. condenser for taking up mo1s-' ture from the air before reaching the glass surface, said condenser being connected to a radiator for cooling same and a heating element connected directly to the glass 0b- 380i 13; In a resplrator, means for preventing condensation of water on lens of eye-piece comprising cooling and heat'in elements connected to said eye-piece an insulated from each other. v

14. An eye-piece for respirators comprising a cylinder of conducting material, a nonconducting ring within the same carrymg the lens and insulating the lens from the cylinder, said cylinder and lens being connected with. cooling and heating elements, respectively. I v

15. Ane e-piecefor respirators comprising a meta lic cylinder and insulating ring set into the same, a lens set in said ring,

metallic face-pieces connected to said lens through bars'andencircling ring, a metallic grid placed between the lens and the face of the wearer and directly connected to the cylinder a radiator connected to the exterior of the face-piece, the heating and cooling elements being substantially completely insulated from each other.

16. In combination, a lens set comprising plurality of lenses separated by an airspace and means for removing by condensation moisture 'from airbefore reaching the surface of the lens exposed to hum1d atmosere. p 17. A lens set comprising a holding, insulating ring in which is set a plurality of lenses separated by an air space, one of said lenses being surfaced with -a material integral therewith for preventingsame from. becoming dimmed.

18. A lens set comprising a holding, insulating ring in whichis set a plurality of lenses separated by an air space, one of said lenses being surfaced with hydrolyzed cellulose acetate integral therewith for preventing same from becoming dimmed.

19. In an eye-piece, a lens surfaced with a material for preventing same from becoming. dimmed and means for removing by condensation the moisture from air before reaching said lens.

20. In an eye-piece, a lens surfaced with a material for preventing same from becoming dimmed, means for removing by condensation the moisture from the. air before reaching said lens 'and means for heating said'lens.

21. In an eye-piece, a'lens surfaced with hydrolyzed cellulose acetate for preventing same from becoming dimmed and means for removing by condensation the moisture from air before reaching said lens.

22. In an eye-piece, a lens surfaced with hydrolyzed cellulose acetate for preventing I same from becoming dimmed, means for removin by condensation the moisture from' air be ore reaching said lens and means for