US1410226A - Method of preserving ferns - Google Patents
Method of preserving ferns Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US1410226A US1410226A US1410226DA US1410226A US 1410226 A US1410226 A US 1410226A US 1410226D A US1410226D A US 1410226DA US 1410226 A US1410226 A US 1410226A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- ferns
- bleaching
- water
- glycerine
- preserving
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 241000985694 Polypodiopsida Species 0.000 title description 110
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 54
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 54
- 238000004061 bleaching Methods 0.000 description 48
- 238000004043 dyeing Methods 0.000 description 42
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N glycerine Chemical compound OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 42
- 235000011187 glycerol Nutrition 0.000 description 42
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 38
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 30
- ZKQDCIXGCQPQNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium hypochlorite Chemical compound [Ca+2].Cl[O-].Cl[O-] ZKQDCIXGCQPQNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 20
- 239000000975 dye Substances 0.000 description 20
- 235000011121 sodium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 description 18
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 12
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 10
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 239000011928 denatured alcohol Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 6
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N HCl Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 description 4
- FBOUIAKEJMZPQG-AWNIVKPZSA-N (1E)-1-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)-4,4-dimethyl-2-(1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)pent-1-en-3-ol Chemical compound C1=NC=NN1/C(C(O)C(C)(C)C)=C/C1=CC=C(Cl)C=C1Cl FBOUIAKEJMZPQG-AWNIVKPZSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 241000736299 Adiantum Species 0.000 description 2
- 241001155032 Adiantum formosum Species 0.000 description 2
- 235000008733 Citrus aurantifolia Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 235000015450 Tilia cordata Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 235000011941 Tilia x europaea Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- MBYLVOKEDDQJDY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tris(2-aminoethyl)amine Chemical compound NCCN(CCN)CCN MBYLVOKEDDQJDY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000981 basic dye Substances 0.000 description 2
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000004571 lime Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002335 preservative Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003755 preservative agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
Definitions
- My inventi on is an improved method of preserving ierns, particularly adiantum formosum, (botanical name), commercially known as maidenhair ferns, by means of which methodit is possible to preserve ferns in a higher color and more natural state, and more effectively against atmospheric action, than is possible with other known methods.
- adiantum formosum (botanical name)
- maidenhair ferns by means of which methodit is possible to preserve ferns in a higher color and more natural state, and more effectively against atmospheric action, than is possible with other known methods.
- the dried ferns are soaked in a bath of caustic soda which has been dissolved in water to a s'tren h of 8 degrees Baum scale for heavy liquids. They are left in this bath for three hours, then theyare Washed of the caustic soda through two or three consecutive baths of cold Water, being left from three to four hours in each of these baths. i
- Chloride of lime is dissolved in water to its essence strength. of 13 Baum scale. It is then left until the heavy part of the mixture settles to the bottom of the tank, when the clearer part (from the top) is extracted and mixed in another vessel with water to a consistency of 3 degrees Baum scale.
- To this 3 degree mixture of chloride of lime add, to every 100 parts, 2 parts of acetic acid glacial 99- ⁇ %, or, instead of acetic acid glacial may be substituted 1 part commerical hydrochloric acid to every 100 parts of the chloride. In this mixture, the
- ferns which have just been washed from the caustic soda are placed, and in from 20 to 30 minutes (according to the varying texture of some ferns) they are bleached to a pure White and spotless. After being taken out from the bleaching, the ferns are placed in a tank where there is a continuous flow of fresh water, for a period of six to eight hours, until all traces of any chemicals have been washedaway.
- the ferns that have gone through the bleaching phase of the process are now dyed in this mixture of dye, glycerine, alcohol and water, being left in the vessel from ten to fifteen minutes. They are then taken out, dried, and are finished, as far as the process has to do with it.
- the solution of alcohol, glycerine and dye may be used cold for dyeing as well as hot.
- the ferns may also be dyed in dye dissolved in water only, without the glycerine or alcohol mixed therewith; and then placed in a solution of water, glycerine and alcohol or only glycerine and Water.
- glycerine and alcohol serve both as a preservative of the fern itself and also as a setting of the dye, if the process were carried on in this way, it would mean that this end of the process is divided into two parts,actual dyeing and preservation.
- the method of preserving ferns which consists in preparing the ferns for bleaching, bleaching the ferns and then dyeing the ferns in a dyeing solution containing glycerine.
- the method of preserving ferns which consists in preparing theferns for bleaching, bleaching the ferns, and then dyeing the ferns in a dyeing solution containing glycerine and alcohol.
- the method of preserving ferns which consists in preparing the ferns for bleaching, bleaching the ferns, and then dyeing the ferns in a dyeing solution containing equal parts of glycerine and alcohol.
- the method of preserving ferns which consists in preparing the ferns for bleaching, bleaching the ferns, and then dyein the ferns in a solution containing 60 0 water, 20% denatured alcohol, 20% glycerine and dye essence,
- the method of preserving ferns which consists in preparing the ferns for bleaching, bleaching the ferns, and then dyeing the ferns in a dyeing solution compounded as follows: add to three parts of warm water, one part of glycerine and one part of denatured alcohol, which ives the liquid a consistency of 8 degrees aum scale, heat this mixture a little in order to unite its difierent ingredients more evenly, dilute the dye in a separate vessel in alcohol, and then add this dye essence to said mixture of glycerine, alcohol and water.
- the method of preserving ferns which consists in first soaking the dried ferns for three hours in a bath of caustic soda which has been dissolved in water to a strength of 8 degrees Baum scale for heavy liquids, washing the caustic soda from the ferns by two or three consecutive baths of cold water from three to four hours in each bath, then bleaching the ferns, and then dyeing the ferns.
- the method of preserving ferns which consists in soaking the dried ferns for three hours in a bath of caustic soda which has been dissolved in water to a strength of 8 degrees Baum scale for heavy liquids, washing the caustic soda from the ferns by two or three consecutive baths of cold Water, leaving the ferns from three to four hours in each of these baths, then bleaching the ferns in a bleaching solution compounded as follows: dissolve chloride of lime in water to its essence strength of 13 degrees Baum scale, allow the chloride of lime to stand until the heavy part of the mixture settles to the bottom of the tank, extract the clearer part (from the top) of the chloride of lime and mix it in another vessel with Water to a consistency of 3 degrees Baum scale, and add to every 100 parts of this 3 degree mixture of chloride of lime 2 parts of acetic acid glacial 99%%, and then dyeing the bleached ferns in a dyeing solution containing glycerine and alcohol.
- the method of preserving ferns which consists in placing the bleached ferns in a dyeing solution containing glycerine.
- the method of preserving ferns which consists in placing the bleached ferns in a dyeing solution containing glycerine and alcohol.
- the method of preserving ferns which consists in placing the bleached ferns in a dyeing solution containing equal parts of glycerine and alcohol.
- the method of preserving ferns which consists in placing the bleached ferns in a dyeing solution containing'60% water, 20% glycerine and 20% alcohol.
Description
UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.
METHOD or rnnsnnvme man's.
. Io Drawing.
- T 0 all whom it may concern Be it known that I, Momrz SEGALL, a subject of the King of Rumania, who have declared my intention of becomin a citizen of the United States, residing at an Francisco, in the county of San Francisco and State of California, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Methods of Preserving Ferns. of which the following is a specification.
My inventi on is an improved method of preserving ierns, particularly adiantum formosum, (botanical name), commercially known as maidenhair ferns, by means of which methodit is possible to preserve ferns in a higher color and more natural state, and more effectively against atmospheric action, than is possible with other known methods.
There are three distinct phases of the process. First, preliminary preparations for bleaching. Second, bleaching. Third, dye
l reliminary preparations for bleaching: The dried ferns are soaked in a bath of caustic soda which has been dissolved in water to a s'tren h of 8 degrees Baum scale for heavy liquids. They are left in this bath for three hours, then theyare Washed of the caustic soda through two or three consecutive baths of cold Water, being left from three to four hours in each of these baths. i
Bleaching: Chloride of lime is dissolved in water to its essence strength. of 13 Baum scale. It is then left until the heavy part of the mixture settles to the bottom of the tank, when the clearer part (from the top) is extracted and mixed in another vessel with water to a consistency of 3 degrees Baum scale. To this 3 degree mixture of chloride of lime, add, to every 100 parts, 2 parts of acetic acid glacial 99-}%, or, instead of acetic acid glacial may be substituted 1 part commerical hydrochloric acid to every 100 parts of the chloride. In this mixture, the
ferns which have just been washed from the caustic soda are placed, and in from 20 to 30 minutes (according to the varying texture of some ferns) they are bleached to a pure White and spotless. After being taken out from the bleaching, the ferns are placed in a tank where there is a continuous flow of fresh water, for a period of six to eight hours, until all traces of any chemicals have been washedaway.
Dyeing: In the vessel where the dyeing is Specification of Letters Patent.
Patented Mar. 21, 1922.
Application filed November 26, 1920. Serial No. 426,508.
to take place, add to three parts of water preferably warm, 1 part glycerine and 1 part denatured alcohol, which gives the liquid a consistency of 8 degrees Baum scale. This mixture ma then be heated a little in order to unite t e different ingredients more evenly. (Note that this compound consists of water, 20% denatured alcohol and 20% glycerine (J. P.) In a separate vessel dilute the dye in alcohol, and then add this dye essence to the above mixture of glycerine, alcohol and water. (Note that for best results basic dyes must be used). This mixture is then preferably heated to about 100 degrees F. The ferns that have gone through the bleaching phase of the process are now dyed in this mixture of dye, glycerine, alcohol and water, being left in the vessel from ten to fifteen minutes. They are then taken out, dried, and are finished, as far as the process has to do with it.
The solution of alcohol, glycerine and dye may be used cold for dyeing as well as hot.
The ferns may also be dyed in dye dissolved in water only, without the glycerine or alcohol mixed therewith; and then placed in a solution of water, glycerine and alcohol or only glycerine and Water. Inasmuch as the glycerine and alcohol serve both as a preservative of the fern itself and also as a setting of the dye, if the process were carried on in this way, it would mean that this end of the process is divided into two parts,actual dyeing and preservation.
Having described my invention, I claim:
1. The method of preserving ferns which consists in preparing the ferns for bleaching, bleaching the ferns and then dyeing the ferns in a dyeing solution containing glycerine.
2. The method of preserving ferns which consists in preparing theferns for bleaching, bleaching the ferns, and then dyeing the ferns in a dyeing solution containing glycerine and alcohol.
3. The method of preserving ferns which consists in preparing the ferns for bleaching, bleaching the ferns, and then dyeing the ferns in a dyeing solution containing equal parts of glycerine and alcohol.
4. The method of preserving ferns which consists in preparing the ferns for bleaching, bleaching the ferns, and then dyein the ferns in a solution containing 60 0 water, 20% denatured alcohol, 20% glycerine and dye essence,
5. The method of preserving ferns which consists in preparing the ferns for bleaching, bleaching the ferns, and then dyeing the ferns in a dyeing solution compounded as follows: add to three parts of warm water, one part of glycerine and one part of denatured alcohol, which ives the liquid a consistency of 8 degrees aum scale, heat this mixture a little in order to unite its difierent ingredients more evenly, dilute the dye in a separate vessel in alcohol, and then add this dye essence to said mixture of glycerine, alcohol and water.
6. The method of preserving ferns which consists in first soaking the dried ferns for three hours in a bath of caustic soda which has been dissolved in water to a strength of 8 degrees Baum scale for heavy liquids, washing the caustic soda from the ferns by two or three consecutive baths of cold water from three to four hours in each bath, then bleaching the ferns, and then dyeing the ferns.
7 The method of preserving ferns which consists in preparing the ferns for bleaching, bleaching the prepared ferns in a bleaching solution. compounded as follows: dissolve chloride of lime in water to its es- I sence strength of 13 degrees Baum scale,
1 ferns in a bath of caustic soda which has been dissolved in water to a strength of 8 degrees Baum scale for heavy liquids, washing the caustic soda from the ferns by two or three consecutive baths of cold water, leaving the ferns from three to four hours in each of these baths, then bleaching the ferns in a bleaching solution compounded as follows: dissolve chloride of lime in water to its essence strength of 13 degrees Baum scale, allow the chloride of lime to stand until the heavy part of the mixture settles to the bottom of the tank, extract the clearer part (from the top) of thechloride of lime and mix it in another vessel with water to a consistency of 3 degrees Baum scale, and add to every 100 parts of this 3 degree mixture of chloride of lime, 2 parts of acetic acid glacial 99%70, and then dyeing the bleached ferns in a dyeing solution containing glycerine.
9. The method of preserving ferns which consists in soaking the dried ferns for three hours in a bath of caustic soda which has been dissolved in water to a strength of 8 degrees Baum scale for heavy liquids, washing the caustic soda from the ferns by two or three consecutive baths of cold Water, leaving the ferns from three to four hours in each of these baths, then bleaching the ferns in a bleaching solution compounded as follows: dissolve chloride of lime in water to its essence strength of 13 degrees Baum scale, allow the chloride of lime to stand until the heavy part of the mixture settles to the bottom of the tank, extract the clearer part (from the top) of the chloride of lime and mix it in another vessel with Water to a consistency of 3 degrees Baum scale, and add to every 100 parts of this 3 degree mixture of chloride of lime 2 parts of acetic acid glacial 99%%, and then dyeing the bleached ferns in a dyeing solution containing glycerine and alcohol.
10. The method of preserving ferns which consists in placing the bleached ferns in a dyeing solution containing glycerine.
11. The method of preserving ferns which consists in placing the bleached ferns in a dyeing solution containing glycerine and alcohol.
12. The method of preserving ferns which consists in placing the bleached ferns in a dyeing solution containing equal parts of glycerine and alcohol.
13. The method of preserving ferns which consists in placing the bleached ferns in a dyeing solution containing'60% water, 20% glycerine and 20% alcohol.
In testimony whereof I afiix my signature.
MORITZ SEGALL.
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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US1410226A true US1410226A (en) | 1922-03-21 |
Family
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Family Applications (1)
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US1410226D Expired - Lifetime US1410226A (en) | Method of preserving ferns |
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Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4243693A (en) * | 1979-05-30 | 1981-01-06 | Nordh Sven B L | Method and composition for the preservation of plants |
US4828890A (en) * | 1988-04-18 | 1989-05-09 | Weyerhaeuser Company | Method for increasing bleed resistance of preserved plants and products of the method |
US4917922A (en) * | 1987-10-28 | 1990-04-17 | Weyerhaeuser Company | Flame retardant plant |
US4980194A (en) * | 1987-10-28 | 1990-12-25 | Weyerhaeuser Company | Process for making a flame retardant plant |
-
0
- US US1410226D patent/US1410226A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4243693A (en) * | 1979-05-30 | 1981-01-06 | Nordh Sven B L | Method and composition for the preservation of plants |
US4917922A (en) * | 1987-10-28 | 1990-04-17 | Weyerhaeuser Company | Flame retardant plant |
US4980194A (en) * | 1987-10-28 | 1990-12-25 | Weyerhaeuser Company | Process for making a flame retardant plant |
US4828890A (en) * | 1988-04-18 | 1989-05-09 | Weyerhaeuser Company | Method for increasing bleed resistance of preserved plants and products of the method |
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