US1409941A - Attachment for gas producers - Google Patents

Description

A. L. GALUSHA.

ATTACHMENT FOR GAS PRODUCERS.

APPLICATION FILED AUG-2!. 1920.

1,409,941 Patented Mar. 21, 1922.

IFYENTOR smear 1.. carnage, or sneaon, uassacnusms.

ATTACHMENT GAS PRODUCERS.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Application filed August 21, 1920. Serial No. 405,077. 7

To allwhomitmmy concern:

Be it known that I, ALBERT L. GA'LUSHA, a citizen of the United States, re idin at Sharon, in the county-of Norfolk and tate of Massachusetts, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Attachments for Gas Producers, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact description.

The invention which is the subject of my present application for Letters Patent per-- tains to that class of apparatus known as gas producers, in which -a gas for power or other purposes is obtained by passing, either by suction or pressure, a mixtureof air and. steam throu h an incandescent bed'of ignited fuel. y invention is an improvement in such apparatus, the primary purpose of which is to regulate-the amount'or quantity of such mixture so that it will always be in substantially exact proportion to the amount of gas required and more especially so that the, relative proportions, of air and steam will remain the same regardless of changes in the rate of gas production.

In. this class of apparatus it is essential, in order to obtain gas of uniform quality, that the relative proportions of steam and air remain always the same. In other words, if the apparatus-be arranged or adjusted for delivering a given flow of gas, conditions may be permanently established for supplying the proper amount of air and steam for producing such flow, butshould twice as much gas be suddenly wanted, twice as much air and twice as much steam should be immediately supplied to the producer. On the other hand, any less amount of gas being wanted the volume of air and steam actually delivered to the ash pit of the producer should be at once reduced in the same proportion.

Means heretofore devisedor proposed for controlling the steam supply from a boiler for this pur ose'have proved unsatisfactory. It may be e ected by hand control of steam valves, but this is manifestly uncommercial and unsatisfactory, particularly when the demand for gas varies. On the other hand, when mechanical devices more or less automatic in their nature are employed for controllin the throttle valve it has been found that t ey cannot be wholly relied upon. Valves work harder at one time than at another. They frequently stick, while boiler pressure is subject to variations, and all of these factors contribute to preventing the Patented Mar. '21, 1922'.

obtain ingot thedesired result, the iinanance ofthe'relative steam co'nstant; s

In order to avoidthese difficulties I have devised an apparatus which operates on a proportionsof airand new rinciple and which is distlnguished by' the ollowing characteristics:

.-First, the steam supply is maintained at constant pressure. v

Second, a-constant uniform and unchanging flow of steam and air in the correct relative proportions and in volume sufficient to meet the maximum gas demand on the producer is provided for. i

Third, a vent to the atmosphere is provided of such character that it takes care of all excess pressure, due to excess of air. or

steam and shunts such excess from the ash :pit when the producer is lightly loaded.

I have found it possible to build an apparatus having these functions without those moving parts which, in previous devices, have proved so unreliable, and this apparatus is illustrated in the accompanying drawing-to which reference is now made for purposes of illustration. This drawing is a view; mainly in vertical central section of the improvement shown applied to any proper form of gas producer. 7.

The producer is indicated merely by the part 1, which may be the ash pit to which the regulator is attached. The latter-comprises a dry steam pipe 2 from any suitable.

boiler or other source of steam, the pressure of which may vary within reasonably wide limits, as, for example, from lbs. to 130 lbs. In order, however, to secure a constant pressure a constant pressure reducing valve 3 isinstalled in this pipe, from which the steam issues into thejpipe 4, at, for instance, 14 lbs. constant pressure at all times.

The extension of pipe I contains a starting and stopping valve 6, which is wide open when the producer-is operating and closed tight when it is not in use, and a throttle valve 5 with fixed opening which, in

connection with the constant pressure in pipe 4, gives a uniform and unvaryin flow of steam at all times through the pipe 7. The valve 5 is set to permit the maximum amount of steam to flow for the largest load the producer will carry during any glven period.

The-pi e 7 is extended in a vert1c al part into 9. cy indrical'chamber 8, where it 1s secured to a bracket or arm 9.. It is threaded and carries a valve plate 10, which is adjustable thereon to vary the passage for air down into the chamber 8, and is provided with check nuts 11 to secure the plate in adj usted position.

To the pipe 7, near its open end, is secured a bracket 12 carryin a conical valve 13 which may be adi'uste to vary the orifice oi said pi e. The c oser this cone s brought to the en of the pipe the more the stream of issuing steam is spread and the higher its velocity. This steam acts, therefore, to draw with it more or less .air through the valve controlledtop of the chamber and the relative pro rtlons of steam to air are thus regulate The mixture of the steam and an is eflected in the chamber 8, and passes from such chamber to the ash pit of the producer, whence it is caused to pass up through the incandescent bed of fue to produce the gas.

The horizontal chamber 14, which connects with the ash pit, has its opposite end provided with a balanced valve 15, and leads into a tube or chamber 16 o n to the atmosphere, generally outside t e building con- -taining' the producer. This valve is preferhinged at 17, and carries ad'ustable abl wel ghts 18 to which access may be ad for purposes of ad'ustment,b removing a cover 20 in the wal of the tu or chamber 16. The parts above described are all that are essential to the invention.

The operation of the device is manifest from the above description. When it is to be used the pressure r lating and reducing valve 3 is set to 'el the desired and constant pressure. e valve 5 is set to permit a flow of steam-suflicient to take care of the largest demand for gas that will be required during a given period. The clearance between the cone 13 and the end of pi e 7 is determined and-the weights 18 are a justed to give the desired air injection and the proper pressure at the outlet 21 into the ash pita The opening into the chamber '8 is also adjusted to give the correct proportion of air to the steam that is used.

These adjustments are made once for all; In operation the volume of mixed air and steam passing to the ash pit is always in prortion to the gas taken off and used. If ess gas is required the pressure in chamber 8 forces the excess of mixture out through the valve 15 to the atmosphere while an increased amount of gas takes more of this mixture up from the ash pit.

In practice the valve 15 may be set to afford an exit of constant area, but when-the producer is not-in use it is desirable to close this valve in order that air may not find its way to the bed of fuel and thus burning and wasting it.

This device constitutes a most efiicient and I operation on t racticable means of,control for gas proucers. It has few parts, none of which need be movable in the ordinary sense of that term. It is entirely automatic in its action and requires no close attention or change of ad'ustment.

llVhat' I claim as my invention is:

1. The combination with a gas producer of a chamber through which a mixture oi steam and air is admitted to the ash pit, and means for regulating the volume of such mixture flowin to the ash pit dependent for fie pressure above that of the atmoslphere in said chamber.

2. he combination with a gas producer of a chamber through which a mixture of steam and air is admitted to the ash pit, said chamber having two outlets, one for the passage of the mixture to the ash pit, and the ot er to the atmosphere, and an automatic valve controlling the last named outlet, operatedby the pressure in the ash pitabove that of the atmosphere, whereby the volume of the mixture supplied to the ash pit is va-.

'ried in accordance with the demand for gas.

3. The combination with a gas producer, of means for supplying steam thereto at a constant and uniform pressure, means for mixing with the steam a definite proportion of air and means for regulating the volume of the mixture entering the producer, by the pressure above that of the atmosphere at the point where the said mixture enters the producer.

4. The combination with a gas producer, of means for varying the volume of admitted steam and air inacco-rdance with the amount of gas produced and used, comprising means for maintainin a constant pressure of the steam, means or mixing therewith a fixed proportion of air and means for shunting to the atmosphere all excess of mixture not required for the volume of gas produced.

5. The combination with a gas producer having a free relief opening to the atmosphere from the ash pit'and means for preventing air from entering the ash pit through said opening.

6. The combination with a gas producer, of means for supplying a mixture of steam and air at constant pressure and uniform volume, means for regulating the proportion of such mixture which enters the producer dependent for operation on the pressure above that of the atmosphere at the ash pit,

and means for varying or adjusting such ALBERT L. GALUSHA.

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