US1385033A - Paint vehicle for anhydrous pigments - Google Patents

Description

UNITED STATES.

PATENT OFFICE.

WILLIAM N- BLAKEMAN, JR, F MOUNT VERNON, NEW YORK.

PAINT VEHICLE JEOR ANHYJDROUS PIGMENTS. I

No Drawing.

To all whom it may concern Be it known that 1, WILLIAM N. BLAKE- MAN, Jr., a citizen of the United States, and resident of the city of Mount Vernon, in the county of Westchester and State of New York, have invented a new and useful Paint Vehicle for Anhydrous Pigments, which invention is fully set forth in the following specification.

The object of this invention is to utilize as pigments, in the art of painting, in an economical and satisfactory manner, all matter that is stable in character, and can be reduced to an amorphous and impalpable condition.

The behavior of pigments toward oil-vehicles, when ground therein is by no means uniform, very many of the combinations thus made, especially those with anhydrous pigments, showing an utter lack of spreading power and diffusive o acity; and these marked deficiencies great y detract from their usefulness.

l[ have discovered that all pigments may be ground with an agent that will harmonize and combine with them, and that the magma so formed will also be congruent to and combine With all oil-vehicles and possess, when ground therein, great spreading power accelerated drying power and dilfusion o opacity.

The agent which ll use 'to produce these effects is a hydrocarbon or mineral oil of the class obtained chiefly from the Texas, Gulf and California oil fields. The oils in this class, or group, of which the Texas oils are regarded as the type, are known commercially as asphaltic base oils, and are regarded chemically as being largely composed of unsaturated hydrocarbons; and either the crude oil or any of its fractions, distillates or residuals, may be used in carrying out my invention. The specific oil which I have employed is that from the Sour Lake district, Texas, preferably the available distillates now on the market, varying from .92 to .94 sp. gr. The specific gravity of the crude oil varies from .90 to .92 and that of pigment deslred for use, and grind it to paste form in one of the asphaltic-base-hydrocarbons. This compound, or magma, can

be placed upon the market, like the resent form of pigment ground in oil, (w ich is 'stearins, and the like,

Specification of Letters Patent. Patented July 19, 1921, Application filed June 12, 1917. Serial No.

a mere matter of-economical transportation) and, when desired for use as a paint, may be extended in any suitable oil-vehicle.

Instead, however, of thus grinding the pigment in the asphaltic base hydrocarbon and then adding the vehicle, the asphaltic base hydrocarbon may be incorporated in the selected vehicle, and the pigment ground in this mixture; the ultimate result being the same in either case.

The proportion of pigment used will depend upon its nature and ma range, for example, from two hundre per cent. (200%) for chalk to three hundred per cent. (300%) for barytes, and to upward of six hundred per cent. (600%) of sublimed compounds of zinc and lead. The percentage of asphaltic-base hydrocarbon to be incorporated in the vehicle will also vary with the nature of the pigment and the vehicle, from eight to twelve per cent, or an average of Any fatty oil, such as linseed oil, may be employed as a vehicle, but very satisfactory and economical compositions can. be formed with the non-drying and semi-drying fatty oils, below. given. The compositions, while possessing great spreading power and opacity, may be slow in drying and I prefer, in all cases, to accelerate the drying action by incorporating another drying oil, preferably tung oil, or a mixture of tung oil and marine animal oil, the result bein a very decided reduction in the time requlred for drying. The use of tung oil in conjunction with the Texas oil is specifically claimed in application No. 443671, filed February 9, 1921.

As the asphaltic base hydrocarbons will act as solvents for man table and mineral residuals, waxes, resins,

it may be found advantageous, in some cases, to incorporate a small proportion substances in the composition, as they will render the ultimate paint-film much more resistant to atmospheric and abrasive influences. Thus, naphthalene (C T-l by reason of its great abundance, would be a most economical agent to use, from three (3) to five (5) per cent, added to the oil-vehicle,- or to the asphaltic base hydrocarbon, greatly increasing the permanency of the paint-film.

The asphaltic-base-hydrocarbon ma if desired, be oxidized or hydrogenate or of the animal, vegeas in examples 4, 5, 6, 8 and 9,

of one or more of these both; and although the initial reaction in each case is feeble, yet sufficient molecular change is effected to increase its reaction when brought into contact .5 and oil-vehicles, or oxidizable matter.

run of two (2) or three (3) hours on oxidizers at a tem erature of 250 Fahn, and a run of half (4,; hour, with hydrogen, in the presence of catalysts, will be sufficient.

The oxidation and hydrogenation of the h drocarbons, are claimed 1n applications 902s, 443672 and 443673, filed February 9, 1 1.

The termzinc-lead, as used herein, is intended todesignate a class of igments which have been on the market or many years and are now well-known in the trade y that name. They are all composed of zinc oxid and lead sulfate in varying proportions, the one which I prefer consisting, approximately, of 60 er cent. zinc oxid and 40 per cent. lead su fate. I

The following are examples of compositions which will produce satisfactory res su1ts:-

(1) Eighty (80) parts linseed oil; ten per cent. asphaltic base hydrocarbon of .9302 sp. gr.; fi

tung-oil; one hundred fi barytes (natural); zinc-lead (sixty (60%) per cent. zinc 0x1 and forty (40%) er cent. lead sulfate).

(2) Eighty (80) parts linseed oil; fifteen per cent. asp altic base hydrocarbon of .9302 sp. gr.; fifteen (15%) per cent. tung oil; fifteen (15%) per cent. menhaden oil; one hundred fifty (150) parts barytes (natural? and thirt parts zinc lead. 3) Eighty 2 80) parts linseed oil; fifteen (15%) er cent. asphaltic base hydrocarbon, oxidize and hydrogenated, of .9370 sp. gr.; fifteen (15%) per cent. tung oil; and one hundred .(100) parts zinc lead. v (4) Eighty (80) arts soja oil; ten (10%) per cent. aspha tic base h drocarbon, hydrogenated, of .9302 sp. gr.; fifis een (15%) per cent. tung oil; one hundred fifty (150) arts barytes; and thirty (30) parts zinc ead. a

(5) Eighty (80) parts cotton oil; ten (10%) per cent. asphaltic base'hydrocarbon, hydrogenated, of .9302 s gr.; fifteen (15%) per cent. tun oil; fif teen (15%) per cent. menhaden 05' thirty (30) ,parts chalk; and thirt (30 parts zinc lead.-

(6) Eighty 80) parts cottonoil; ten (10%) per cent. asphaltic base hydrocarbon, hydrogenated, of .9302 sp. gr.; fifteen v 215%) per cent. tung oil; one hundred fifty 150) parts barytes; and thirty (30) parts zinc lead.

. (7) Eighty (80) oartslinseedoil; fifteen (15%) per cent, asphaltic base hydrocarbon,

of .9302 sp. gr.; fifteen (15%) per cent. tung 30 ty (150) parts with pigments I or three-quarters (if) of an and subsequently fteen (15%) per cent. and thirty (30) parts .the result is a decided economic sulfate, natural; the lead'salts,

- heretofore,

oil; fifteen (15%) per cent. menhaden oil; three (3%) per cent. naphthalene; one hundred fifty (150) parts barytes (natural); and thirty (30) parts zinc lead.

(8) Eighty (80) parts soja oil; ten (10%) per cent. asphaltic base hydrocarbon, hydrogenated, of .9302 sp. gr.; fifteen (15%) per cent. tung oil; five (5%) per cent. naphthalene; one hundred fifty (150) parts barytes (natural) and thirty (30) parts zinc lead.

(9) Eighty (80) parts soja oil; fifteen (15%) per cent. tung oil; fifteen (15%) per cent. menhaden oil; ten (10%) per cent. asphaltic base hydrocarbon, hydrogenated, showing .9302 sp. gr.; three (3%) percent. naphthalene; thirty (30) parts powdered serpentine (as talc or asbestos) thirt (30) parts calcium silicate; 'and'thirty (30) parts' zinc-lead. 85 The above mixtures, with the usual quantity of commercial 1i uid drier added, when spread as a paint,' wil firm or dr in from two and one-half (2%) to five 5) hours,

indurate satisfactorily.

By means of my invention, all the socalled inert or inactive substances which, heretofore, have been used-in the painters' art as mere adulterants, may be employed as a basis for paint, as the magma formed by grinding such substances in the asphalticbase-hydrocarbon, not only immediately becomes congruent to {all oil-vehicles, but also assists, with its diffusive opacity, in increasing the index of refraction. Opacit is one 100 of the most expensive attributes of tiiepresent system of painting as based on the use of Dutch white lead, because so much more pigment is used than is necessary, that the result is a decided economic loss. When, however, all inert, or inactive matter, is brought into active participation in difi'u- 'sive opacit ,as is doneby my invention, and

a paint produced which will not deteriorate,

ain. he result obtained is very marked'with barium such as the sulfate and carbonate, even in a minute'crys talli'ne condition; silica, and the 'silicious minerals in I general, such as calcium and 11.5 magnesium; and the serpentines, such as talc, asbestos, and the like.

Any suitable commercial liquid drier may be used. All the ,oil factors in the com pounded oil-vehicle must, for the best effects,

be water free. a I The paint composition made with the vehicle above descr bed, is. claimed in another application filed herewith and bearing the Serial Number. 174,256.

I am aware that it has-been proposed, to use crude hydrocarbons, as well as the residuals of distillation, in admixturewith a variety of'other ingredients,

for water-proofing and cement purposes,*but

such compositions I expressly disclaim, as they did not have for their obJect the formation of an anhydrous system of painting and could not be. used for my purpose. I believe myself to be the first to employ the unsaturated hydrocarbons known commercially as asphaltic base hydrocarbons, in a paint-vehicle for the purpose of adapting it for successful use with the anhydrous pigments.

Having thusfully described my invention, I claim l. A paint-vehicle comprising a fatty oil; and a mineral oil of the Texas oil type.

2. A paint-vehicle comprising a fatty oil;

a mineral oil of the Texas oil type; and .15

tung oil.

3. A paint-vehicle comprising a non-drying fatty oil; and a mineral oil of the Texas 011 type.

4. paint-vehicle ing fatty oil; a mineral oil of the Texas oil type; and tung oil.

5. A paint-vehicle comprising a fatty oil; a mineral oil of the Texas oil type; and an agent resistant to atmospheric and abrasive 25 influences.

WM. N. BLAKEMAN, JR.

comprising a non-dry- 20