US1380954A - Means for controlling the direction of cutting drill-holes in rock - Google Patents

Description

0. HALL AND V. P. Row. MEANS FOR CONIROLLING THE DIRECTION OF CUTTING DRILL HOLES IN ROCK.

APPLICATION FILED JUNE I. 920.

'' Famed June 7,1921.

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umrao STATES PATENT orrrcef.

0mm HALL AND vro'ron PUTNAM ROW, or Common, ommo, Gamma.

MEANS FOR CONTROLLING- THE DIRECTION OF CUTTING DBIIHHOLES IN ROCK.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Juhefl, 1921.

-Application filed June 1, 1920. Serial No. 385m To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that we, OLIVER HALL and VICTOR PUTNAM Row, both residents of the town of Uoniston, county of Nipissing,

Canada, both subjects of the King of Great Britain, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Means for Controlling to eliminatethe uncertainties experienced in the use of the diamond drill, due to the inability to drill straight holes and thereby avoiding .abortive operations and heavy and useless expense, and to devise an effective means for controlling the direction of the cutting. operation, thus enabling accurate borings and surveys to be made.

It is well known to those conversant with the use of diamond drills that it is practically impossible to drill-a straight hole. This is due to various causes. If the drill meets a fissure plane ata narrow angle, an abnormal side thrust occurs upon the drill which de-. flects it in the direction of the plane of the fissure and if the hole approaches a fissure at a wide angle, the tendenc is for the drill to penetrate the fissure p ane at right angles. The face of the bit having one side in solid formation beyond the fissure and the other side in the selvage of the fissure tends to turn, the rods curving to the extent of their clearance in the hole. Other elementstending toward inaccuracy in boring are found in the condition of the boring equipment or the manner in which it is fed and a curvature once started increases very rapidl y he principal feature of this invention consists in placing a guide within the drill hole to deflect the drill in the desired direction.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure l is a sectional view of a hole showing our improved deflecting device inserted therein.

Fig. 2 is an elevational view of the drill deflector with Figs. 2, 2", 2, 2 and 2 illustrating enlarged cross sections thereof.

Fig. 3 is an enlar ed detail elevational view of the drive we ge and Fig. 4 is an enlarged elevational view of thepilot wed e.

In carrying this invention into efi'ect, t c direction of the hole is surveyed by the use of a clinometer well known to mining engineers and if it has been determined that the curvature of the hole being drilled is too great, our improved apparatus is then brought into use. Province of Ontario, in the Dominion of A dry turned wooden plug 1, grooved to allow Water to pass, is pushed down into the hole with the drill rods to the point where it is desired to branch the hole. allowed to swell. The drive wedge 2 is then dropped into the hole and driven into the wooden plug by the use of a blank bit. The wedge 2 is formed of a cylindrical shape having a wedge point 3 at the lower end and a large recess l'is cut in one side thereof .close to the-base. .The top surface is beveled oil from above the recess 4 to the upper end, leaving a small shoulder 6 at the top against which the driving bit may operate. The cutting of the recess 4 in the drive wedge makes" it heavier on one side and when dropped into the drill hole the recessed sideand the wedge face 5 usually face in. the direction of the curvature. The position of the drive wedge may be surveyed by the use of a clinometer having its lower end shaped to fit the wedge surface 5.

The pilot wedge 7 -is a cylindrical metal block formed with. a wedge surface 8 to coincide with the wedge surface 5 of the drive wedge and atits upper end it is provided with a threaded extension 9. i The pilot provided with a central water It is then corresponding with that of the. pilot wedge and at the lower end it is formed with a threaded hole to receive the threaded portion 9 of the pilot wedge which is screwed thereto. A water hole 11 extends upwardly through the center of the wedge 11 and branches ofi to one side intermedlate of its length. A

longitudinal groove 12 is formed in the we ge ll commencing at a point adjacent to the threaded end and tapering inwardly to the top. The transverse curvature of the groove 12 is of a standard radius smaller than the radius of the wedge, for instance,

an E radius groove is cut in. an A radius wedge.

A cross section of the metal at the upper end of the deflecting wedge, a short distance from its extremity is in the form of a thin crescent and as shown in Figs. 2 to 2 the. thickness of the crescent gradually increases until finally merges, closeto the scribed limits.

bottom of the wedge, into the cylindrical formation.

At the top end of the deflectin wedge 11 a ring 13 is formed of the same diameter as the bottom end of the wedge. This holds the wedge in place within the hole and is of assistance in placing the wedge.

In order to properly place the deflecting wedge, the deflection of the hole and the relative location of the beveled face 5 of the drive wedge are determined by a careful survey. The pilot wedge 7 is then screwed on to the deflecting wedge and the relative positions of the grooved face 12 of the defleeting wedge and the beveled face 10 of the pilot wedge adjusted to insure the proper location of the grooved face of the wedge 11 in relation to the hole. The pilot wedge is then secured by inserting a pin into the threaded portion and both members are then placed in the hole and the pilot enga 'es the beveled surface of the drive wedge and holds the deflecting wedge in the desired position.

When the wedges have thus been located a bit is lowered with a core barrel. If the drill hole is A size an E. size bit is used, it passes through the hole in the collar and being guided by the metal of the wedge, a hole is drilled in the face of the rock divergent from the original hole. The curved face ofthe deflecting wedge is E size, conseqnently the E bit follows the wedge without cutting into it.

After a preliminary drilling of a few feet, the E bit is removed and a specialreamer bit is inserted and the collar 13 at the top of the deflecting wedge is cut away and the hole in the rock is reamed out 'to size A. After this has been accomplished, the regular A rod and A bit are used and an A hole is then continued below the wedge. The effect of this is to start a new hole branching off from the old one and the deflection of the hole is thus corrected. By

this method any size of drill hole may be.

branched without altering its size.

It has been found in practice that with the use of an apparatus such as described very great accuracy in placing the wedges can be obtained and a hole of very great depth can'be maintained practically straight by making careful surveys using the deflecting wedge in the manner described when the deflection gets beyond certain pre- It will be readily understood that with the use of this apparatus a single hole can be branched in any desirable direction and at any desirable depth, enabling the engineers to swing a series of holes in different directions from a single initial drill-hole and to thus cover an exceptionally wide area of rock.

An apparatus such as described has been found to be very beneficial and has effected very great saving wherever it has been used, it having been thoroughly tested in various formations and at very great depths and by its use the operators have been able to completely control the direction of operation of the drilling machinery.

What We claim as our-invention is 1. Means for controlling the direction of cutting drill-holes in rock, comprising, a longitudinally tapered member adapted to be inserted into the drill-hole with the thin end uppermost, and means adapted to be inserted into and definitely located in the drill hole for locating and securing said tapered member in a definite position in relation to the direction of the drill-hole.

2. Means for controlling the direction of cutting drill-holes in rock, comprising, a

plug adapted to be secured in the drill-hole, a member adapted to be secured to said plug and having a locating surface at its upper end, and a deflecting wedge having a longitudinally beveled surface and a locating surface at its lower end adapted to coincide with the locating surface of the aforesaid member.

3. Means for controlling thedirection of cutting drill-holes in rock, comprising, a plug adapted to be secured in the hole, a drive wedgehaving a harpened lowerend adapted to enter the plug and a beveled upper end, sald drive wedge. being recessed on the side adjacent to the bevel, and a deflecting .wedge having its longitudinal surface beveled from the top end and having a beveled lower end adapted to coincide with the beveled upper end of the drive wedge.

4. Means for controlling the direction of cutting drill-holes in rock, comprising, a plug adapted to be secured in the drill-hole, an eccentrically weighted cylindrical member having a sharpened wedge at its lower end and a beveled upper end, a deflecting wedge beveled longitudinally at one side, and a pilot wedge rotatably adjustable on said deflecting wedge and having a beveled lower end adapted to coincide with the beveled end of the beveled cylindrical member.

5. Means for controlling the direction of cutting drill-holes in rock, comprising, means for plugging the 'drill hole havinga locating upper surface, and a deflecting Wedge having a ring at the top end and a longitudinal coneaved groove extending downwardly from said ring and tapering ofl toward the vbottom, the lower end of said deflecting wedge having a'locating surface adapted to engage the locating surface of the plugging means.

6. Means for controlling the direction of cutting drill-holes in rock, comprising, means for plugging the drill-hole presenting a locating surface at the upper end, a deher to fit within the drill-hole having a- 10 rating surface at the lower end and formed with a transversely arc-shaped concavity on one side tapering from the bottom and upwardl y to a thin edge at the top and formin a guide for the drill.

'1. Means for controlling the direction of cutting drill-holes in rock, comprising, a turned wooden block having surface grooves for the passage of water adapted to be inserted into the drill-hole, a drive wedge having a pointed lower end adapted to enter said plug and formed with a recess in one side thereof and a beveled upper surface and a driving shoulder at the upper end of said bevel, a pilot wedge beveled to correspond with the beveled surface of the drive Wedge, and a deflecting wedge adjustably secured to said pilot wedge and having its longitudinal surface formed with a transversely concaved taper extending to the upper end.

OLIVER HALL. VICTOR PUTNAM ROW.

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