US1374203A - Kiln and fire-brick therefor - Google Patents

Description

S. H. HARRISON.

KILN AND FIRE BRICK THEREFOR. APPLICATION FILED FEB. 24. 1920.

Patented Apr. 12, 1921.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

SIMON HENRY HARRISON, OF EASTON, PENNSYLVANIA, ASSIGNOR OF ONE-HALF TO S. WARREN HAR'I'W'ELL, F EASTON, PENNSYLVANIA;

KILN AND FIRE-BRICK THEREFOR I Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Apr. 12, 1921.

Application filed February 24, 1920. Serial Nb. 860,653.

RISON, usually known as S. HENRY HABRL' son, a citizen of the United States, residing at 318 Parsons street, Easton, in thecounty of Northampton and State of Penns lvania, have invented a certain new and use ul Kiln and Fire-Brick Therefor, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to fire brick of the charcter used to line metallic casings and in which there 'is excessive conductlon heat loss through the fire brick to the metallic casing and thence by radiation to the air.

The purpose of my invention is to form recesses in the faces of the fire brick, so that there shall be dead air pockets at these points, and so that the contact with the surrounding metallic cylinder shall be limited to the edges of the recesses, limiting these air spaces to the size of a single brick face, or at least to a small area preferably extending circumferentially within the easing. The. air in each space is subject throughout to substantially the same temperature conditions, securing dead air spaces or pockets as distinguished from intended passages, and trapping the air as distinguished from providing for fluid fiow.

Further purposes will appear in thespecr fica-tion and in the claims.

I have preferred to illustrate my invention by but three forms thereof, selecting forms which are practical, efficient and quite inexpensive, and which at the same time well illustrate the principles of my invention.

Figure 1 isa broken, longitudinal side elevation of a rotary kiln illustrative of one general type of apparatus with which my invention is useful.

Figs. 2 and 4 are cross-sections of a structure such as that shown in Fig. 1, showing two forms of my invention.

Figs. 3 and 5 are perspective viewsof fire bricks, such as are shown in Figs. 2 and a respectively.

Fig. 6 shows in perspective a third form of brick.

lln the drawing similar numerals" indicate like parts.

In accordance with the requirements of the statute I have illustrated my invention in connection with one piece of apparatus,

a rotary kiln, but recognize that it is useful generally for the purpose of lin' any metal casing with fire brick in Wil 23% the faces of heated fire brick would come in contact with the surface of the casing.

In the rotary kiln structure illustrated .in Fig. 1, it is necessary to use an outer metallic casing or cover 6, in order to secure the strength required. This casing must be lined throughout its length, in order to standthe heat. It is supported at intervals by rings 7 and cooperating bearing structure shown at 8, of which supports two only are shown in'the illunration; and is rotated from any suitable shaft 9 by means of gears 10, 11, shaft 12, and gears 13, 14., 15 and. 16, all well known in the art.

Because of the high temperature attained, the entire interior brick surface 17 becomes highly heated, and the bricks as ordinaril -used. have transmitted this heat throng substantially the entire outer surface of the brickto the adjoining and engaging interior surface 18 of the cylinder. A proposal by Wentz (U. S. Patent 714,843, Dec. 2, 1902) providing longitudinal channels between the brick and thecasing, was objectionable because the channels are much too long to obtain any appreciable benefit from the entering air, which becomes heated very quickly, and because the circulation provided greatly increases the convection heat transfer from the brick to the metal.

ll aim to reduce the area of brick contact with the cylinder while avoiding circulation by providing pockets or segregated air spaces ofdead air.

'Fhese need not be deep in a radial direc-. tion to'secure efiective heat insulation and are best made shallow to retain as much of the strength of the full-bodied brick as possible and to reduce breakage of the flanges. They may be used in otherwise solid brick as inFigs. 3 and 5, or in hollow tile as in Fig. 6.

In order to prevent longitudinal movement of the air through any extended distance, I provide my contact primarily by .means of the faces 19, .19 of circumferening as in 2, and; as is provided for by the ends of the space 21 open at 22 as in Fig. 3. However, for more complete deadening of the air space and more complete segregation of the several air spaces into heat-insulating air pockets, it is desirable to provide flanges 23 whose edges 24, 24: en-

gage with the metal of the surrounding cas 1ng. This gives-a more eflec'tive 'dead air space, shown as one pocket in Fig. and as divided into two pockets in Fig. 6. The additional surface of contact 24 with that at 19 provides but a very slight total area for conduction of heat to the surrounding metal.

It will be evident that the longitudinal interruption of the air space by flanges to secure dead-air pockets, and the small contact surfaces are quite desirable and may be applied to various arts and in various specific forms, all of which will come within the spirit and scope of my invention.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim as new and desire to. secure by Letters Patent is 1. In an iron-incased brick lined, calcining chamber or furnace, the novelty which consists in wedge shaped bricks having the area of contact between the lining brick and the inclosing casing reduced to flanges only, the

structure being sealed a ainst passage of gases longitudinally of the casing and the bricks being held in position by their mutual wedging actions. I

2. In a structure of the character set forth in claim 1, the novelty which comprises longitudinally extending flanges in connection with transverse flanges, so that transverse air movement will be interrupted by the longitudinally extending flan es.

3. In a structure of the c aracter set forth in claim 1, the novelty which comprises a lining freed from passages for air from the ravages interior to the casing by the lateral contact of the bricks.

4. In a-structure of the character set forth in claim 2, the novelty which comprises a linin freed from passages for air from the interior to the casing by the lateral contact of the bricks.

5. The combination of a metallic casing or shell of a calcining chamber orfurnace and lining bricks of wedge shape, having the outer ends of the brlcks flanged and larger than the inner ends thereof, providing flange contact between the bricks and the casing with intermediate dead air space, the flanges preventing passage of the air axially with respect to the casing.

6. The combination of a metallic casing of a calcining chamber or furnace and lining brick therefor, having the outer ends of the bricks larger and providing flange contact between the bricks and thecasing with intermediate dead'air spaces, the'flanges extending both circumferentially and axially of the casing to shut ofl' both axial and circumferential air passage through the spaces.

7. The combination of a metallic casing of a calcining chamber or furnace and lining bricks therefor, forming air spaces between the outer ends of the brick and the casing, to shut off from axial air movement therebetween and having the bricks in contact at their sides to shut ofi air movement therethrough.

8. The'combination of a metallic casing of a calcining chamber or furnace and lining bricks therefor, having flanges at their outer ends in contact with the casing and with the flanges of adjoining bricks, to provide dead air spaces therebetween, the bricks being held in place by each other.

snircn HENRY HRISON.

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