US1373226A - Baffle construction in boiler-furnaces - Google Patents

Description

A. C. EDGAR.

RAFFLE CONSTRUCTION IN BOILER FURNACES.

APPLICATION FILED DEC. 15, 1911.

Patented M31. 29, 1921.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 04/ 4 am FIG. 2.

INVENTOR, fld/"ew GEcLqan If); /7 AM a ATTORNEY.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

I A c. EDGAR. BAFYFL E CONSTRUCTION IN BOILER FURNACES. APPLICATION FILED DEC. 15, 19W. 1,373,226. Patented Mar. 29,1921.

2 E m l i llll I /lll/// I A. C. EDGAR.

BAFFLE CONSTRUCTION IN BOILER FURNACES.

APPLICATION FILED DEC. l5. 19H.

1,378,226. Patented Mar-29,1921.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 3- @Fl i ANDREW C. EDGAR, OF NEVVTOWN SQUARE, PENNSYLVANIA.

BAFFLE CONSTRUOTIQN IN BOILER-FURNACES.

T 0 all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, ANDREW C. EDGAR, a citizen of the United States, residing at Newtown Square, in the county of Delaware and State of Pennsylvania, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Baffle Construction in Boiler-Furnaces, of which the following is a specification. 1

The object of this invention is to provide an improvement in boiler furnaces, the same relating particularly to the provision of an improved baflle, regardless of the type of boiler in which the same may be used.

@ne of the principal objects of the invention, is, furthermore, to provide a baflie for boiler furnaces, comprising independently positioned members or sections of infusible material, which are adapted, in addition to other advantages characteristic thereof, to replace the baffles commonly used in the art.

Heretofore, in general, it has been the practice to employ a bafiie, comprising in one instance a hollow fluid-containing section, comprising a unitary part of the fur nace of which it forms a part, or of one of the major divisions thereof, and in another instance a type of battle which has been extensively used is formed of infusible material, such as fire-brick, but built up and supported in such a manner as to comprise a substantially permanent element of the boiler of which it forms a part, that is, being builtin with the use of a suitable cementbond, after the setting of which bend it is impossible to remove any portion of said battle without destroying the body thereof in entirety.

In the first instance, because of the low boiling point of water, the temperature of fluid-containing baffle cannot be raised to a point even approaching ineandescence, which condition is necessary in order to aid in the complete combustion of the gases arising from the fire-bed, while in the latter case a built-in baflie after a time must be either completely replaced, or it will commence to disintegrate andfinally, if permitted to go long enough, drop entirely upon the firebed, necessitating a complete shut-down of the particular furnace.

In employmg the present construction in Specification of Letters Patent. Pgptenfigd filia 29 192.1

7 Application filed. December 15, 1917.

Serial No. 207,237.

any of its various possible modifications to various boiler constructions, the entire bafile or any of the sections of which it is preferred that it shall comprise, may be removed and replaced n1 perfectly operative position at any time that such may be desired, and even while the particular boiler is in full op- GIZLtIOH Wlth fire upon the grate and steam up. And should it be desired to replace but one ofthe sections of the said wall, this mav be accompl shed without affecting the others, unless the section to be replaced shall be intermedlate of the ends, in which case, one of the end sections may be temporarily removed for the purpose of reaching and'operating upon the section first referred to.

And a still further object of the invention comprises the adaptation of this invention to boilers composed of transverse as Well as longitudinal sections. With these and other objects in view, the inventlon comprises numerous details of construction and operation hereinafter described in the specification, when read with relation to the accompanying drawings in which Figure 1 is a longitudinal (front to rear) vertical section upon the line 2-2 of Fig. 2; Fig. 2 is a transverse vertical section on the line 22 of Fig. 1; Fig. 3 is a side elevation of an end feed type of boiler composed of transversely extending sections; Fig. 4 1s a vertical longitudinal (front to rear) section of the boiler shown in Fig. 3; Fig. 5 is a vertical transverse section on the line 5-5 of Fig. 3; and Fig. 6 is a vertical longitudinal detail view of two adjacent sections of a push nipple type of boiler showing the improved baffle operatively positioned in conjunction therewith.

Referring to Figs. 1 and 2 of the drawings, a side feed type of boiler is shown as comprising a base portion 1 containing the ash-pit, immediately above which is a suitable form of grate 2, upon which is adapted to be placed fuel 3 to create a fire-bed. The particular boiler illustrated comprises eX- terior and intermediate hollow longitudinally extending sections 4: and 5, respectively, the same communicating with one another to permit the water within the sections to freely circulate therethrough, each of said intermediate sections being provided with centrally positioned, downwardly extending hollow legs 6, provided at their lowermost portions with laterally, oppositely extending ledges 7 upon the level, and in alinement with which are similarly positioned ledges 8, carried by the exterior boiler sections a, all for a purpose hereinafter described.

At the rear of the boiler an air passage 10 extends from below the grate 2 to a suitable position above the top of the fire-bed, and is for the purpose of conducting heated air vhich first enters the ash-pit through the front or side ash-pit doors 11 and 12 upwardly into the combustion chamber without the necessity of this flow of air first passing through the said fire-bed. The air supply for the combustion of the fuel upon the grate also enters the ash-pit by way of the said doors 11 and 12, and readily passes upwardly through the grate and fire-bed as shown by some of the arrows.

The upper portion of the boiler comprises a multiplicity of lines each like those shown in Fig. 1 of the drawings. Each flue leads off from the combustion chamber 15 at the rear of the fire-box, passes upwardly and forwardly between horizontally extending portions 16 and 17, and forms a flue section 18 which at its forward end is deflected upwardly around the abbreviated partition 17, whence it passes rearwardly above said lastnamed partition and beneath the hollow water-containing section 19 to form a flue section 20. it the rear of the boiler this last-named flue section terminates in a downwardly extending chamber 21 along the baclr wall of the boiler proper, from the lowermost portion of which chamber projects a hollow extension 22, closed by an adjustably positioned check-door 23 above which is the outlet 24 for connection with the stack (not shown).

The hollow watercontaining sections of the furnace communicate as shown in Fig. 1 at several points 26, adjacent to the front wall thereof, through nipples 27 at the top and through a transversely extending compartment 28 adjacent to the lower rear portion of said boiler, into this last-named compartment extending the intake connection 29, while. from the uppermost portion of one or more of the respective boiler sections extend the other connections 30.

The oppositely disposed ledges 7 and 8, hereinafter described, terminate at a short distance from the rearmost portion of the fire-box of the boiler in enlarged stops 38, while the forwardmost portions of said ledges abruptly terminate at a suitable distance inside of the door 34, which opens into the forward part of the fire-box and through which fuel is admitted thereinto. The numeral 35 designates vertical refractory members or baffles preferably made of fire brick. Each vertical baffle is provided with laterally extending ledges 36, above inwardly extending recesses 37. These recesses receive the ledges 7 and 8.

After ha 'ing been positioned upon the said ledges 7 and 8, these infusible members are moved into operative position at the rear of saidiire-box until they are arrested by theledge stops in which position they coiiperate at their lowermost enlarged portions to form baffle extending transversely over said fire-box from one side wall to the other and thereby deflecting the gases of combustion of the fuel downwardly against the adjacent portionof the fire-bed, there being thus formed between said baffle and said fire-bed what is known as a lower passage, while at its uppermost portion the member is purposely terminated in slightly spaced relation with theadjacent side of the partition 16, to provide a restricted passage 36 through which the gases from the fire-box can escape, at such time as when the fires are banked for the night and when there is not sufficient draft nor passage room below the baffle to draw said gases therebeneath, but which passage way 3 a is not of sufficient size to materially lessen the draft of the furnace when under normal operation, nor to permit sufficient gases from the fire-box to pass off as smoke, that is, without all of the volatile matter therein being first consumed, within or adjacent to the said combustion chamber.

In the operation of this device, fresh air is admitted into the front of the fire-box through the usual apertures of the fuel door 3 1, which inflowing air mingles with the gases of combustion above the fire-bed on the near side of the baffle and drives this combination of gases against the forward face or ignition surface of said bafile, thence downwardly through the lower passage beneath said baffle and in contact with the adjacent portion of the fire-bed, immediately after which these hot partially consumed gases are mixed with an additional supply of oxygen from the heated air, entering the combustion chamber 15 by means of the flue 10, where the entire mixture is completely burned, thus creating more intense heat with a given amount of fuel and draft, than has ordinarily been possible, which heat passes thence through the flue sections 18 and 20, hereinbefore described, and raises the temperature of the water in the boiler.

Referring now to Figs. 3 and 4:, there is shown a type of furnace comprising boiler sections extending transversely thereover, instead of longitudinally, as heretofore described, and providing a fire-box 4:0 and combustion chamber 1, which latter terminates upwardly in a forwardly extending flue section 42, which latter at its forwardmost portion is directed upwardly and thence reversely to the flue section 43, having an outlet 44 leading to the usual stack (not shown).

Each of the boiler sections, herein shown, comprises laterally positioned, vertically extending leg portions 45 connected by hollow fluid-containing sections 4:6, a7 and 4:8 at their uppermost, central, and intermedlate portions, which said boiler sections are connected together at their lowermost portions by laterally positioned headers 49 and above their top central portions by a header 50 into which latter is delivered the heated water contents or steam therefrom.

The application of the present invention to this type of boiler furnace necessitates the formation of two of the boiler sections adjacent to the rear of the furnace, as shown in Fig. 4, with the fluid-containing portions 47, altered in cross-section to provide oppositely positioned lugs 51, which extend transversely from one side of the boiler to the other and are adapted to support the oppositely ex tendin flange portions 52 of the upper portion 0.. the one or more infusible members 53, which are adapted to be placed into said boiler through the special openings 54, provided therefor in the opposite sides of the boiler as shown in Fig. 3. When in place, these sections, preferably of fire-brick or the like, comprise a continuous baflie, as shown in Fig. 5, between the lowermost portion of the forward ignition surface of which and adjacent to the fire-bed is provided a lower passage, exactly similar to and for the purpose described in connection therewith as shown by Figs. 1 and 2. ()therwise than described, the operation of this boiler is exactly similar to that hereinbefore described, and illustrated by Figs. 1 and 2.

Referring now to Fig. 6, two adjacent cooperating sections of a. somewhat different type of boiler are shown, the same being provided with upper fluid-containing portions 58, connected by nipples 59 and traversed by heat-conveying flues 60, connected at their ends with the combustion chamber 61 of the fire-box. The combustion chamber 61 is adjacent to one side of the transversely extending baflie 62, formed of one or more infusible sections, which latter are of the same general shape as those last described, being provided with oppositely extending flange portions 68, beneath which are inwardly extending recesses 64, in which are adapted to extend and supportsaid baflie 62 the inwardly directed flanges 65 of suitable depending brackets 66, which latter are integral projections of the fluid-containing portions 58. As in the case of the boiler illustr ted by Figs. 3, t and 5, an aperture 67 is provided in each of the opposite sides of this type of furnace, through which can be inserted baffle members to form a continuous transversely extending baflle, regardless of whether the furnace .is in full operation or not, and from whichfurnace under the same conditions one or any desired number of said baflle sections may be removed at will.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim and desire to prote byLetters Pat ent of the United States is 2- I 1'. A furnace comprising a plurality of assembled sections having communicating water spaces, said sections having laterally extending portions which form flue walls, a grate arranged in the lower portion of the furnace for providing an ash pit and a chamber above the same, a plurality of sub stantially vertical refractory members arranged in the upper chamber and disposed near the rear end wall thereof and spaced therefrom for providing forward and rear chambers, said members forming a baflie having its lower end slightly spaced from the normal fire bed upon the grate to form a contracted lower passage which connects the forward and rear chambers, and a preheating air passage having its lower end leading from the ash pit and its upper end into the rear chamber behind the baffle, said rear chamber discharging into the fines.

2. A. furnace comprising a plurality of assembled outer and intermediate sections having water spaces in communication with each other, said sections having laterally extending portions which form fine walls, spaced depending legs carried by the inner sections and arranged near the laterally extending portions, substantially horizontal led es formed upon the outer sections and upon said legs, a grate arranged in the lower portion of the furnace and forming an ash pit and a chamber above the same, a plurality of substantially vertical refractory members arranged within the chamber and having grooves fori'ned therein for receiving said ledges, said members forming a bafile having its lower end slightly spaced from the normal fire bed upon the grate to form a contracted lower passage which connects the forward and rear chambers, said members having upper reduced portions extending into the spaces formed by the walls of the flues and spaced therefrom a shorter dis tance than the distance between the lower end of said members and the fire bed, and preheating air passage leading from the ash pit to the rear combustion chamber.

8. A furnace comprising a shell having water space or spaces, a grate arranged in the lower portion of the shell and dividing the same into an ash pit and a chamber above the same, substantially horizontal ledges arranged within the chamber, a substantially vertical baflle having grooves to receive the ledges and dividing the chamber into forward and rear combustion chambers with a lower passage at the lower end of the baffle to connect the chambers, said bafi'ie being slidable upon the ledges to vary the relative sizes of the forward and rear combustion chambers, means to supply air into the rear combustion chamber, and means to form lines in the upper portion of the shell, said flues communicating with the rear combustion chamber.

4. A furnace comprising a shell having water spaces, a grate in the lower portion of the shell for dividing it into an ash pit and a chamber above the same, substantially horizontal ledges arranged in the chamber and secured to the shell, substantially vertical refractory members having grooves to receive the ledges and being slidable thereon and forming a baflle which divides the chamber into a plurality of chambers having communication about the lower end of the baflle.

5. In a furnace, a shell having water space or spaces, a-grate in the shell dividing it into an ash pit and chamber above the same, sets of spaced horizontal ledges arranged within the chamber, vertical refractory members having grooves to slidably receive the ledges and coacting to form a baflle, said bal'lle serving to divide the chamber into forward and rear combustion chambers, said bafiie providing a lower passage at the lower end thereof which serves to connect the forward and rear combustion chambers.

In testimony whereof I have affixed my signature in the presence of two witnesses.

ANDREW C. EDGAR.

Witnesses:

J. STUART FREEMAN, M. J. CRANMER.

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