US1372391A - Fluid-compressing apparatus - Google Patents

Description

.!. S. BARNER.

`FLUID COMPRESSING APPARATUS.

APPLICATION FILED DEC. 1.*lg19.

Patented Mar. 22, 1921.

`3 SHEETS-SHEET l.

Brae WaJZzfe 2nd Reservoir Reservoir' 1. s. BARNER. l `mum Comms/SING A BPABATQS. APPLICATION 'FILED DEC.1199.

J, s. BAHNER. FLUID CGMPHESSMJG4 APPARATUS.

APFLiCn UGH FILED DEC.1,1919.

' Patented Mar. 22, 1921.V

31a/mnd oz UNITED s'rAilas PalrENfr oFF-ics.

JOHN S. B'ARNER, OF COLVER, PENNSYLVANIA, ASSIGNOR TO BARN-ER RAILVYAY SUPPLY COMPANY, 0F PHILADELPHIIL PENNSYLVANIA., A CORPORATION 0F '.PENNSYLVANIA. I

FLUID-COMPRESSING A1l?.45.125.451US.

Application led December 1, 1919. Serial No. 341,621.

To all whom it may concern y Be it known that I, JOHN S. Brianna, a citizen of the United States, and a resident -of Colver, Cambria county, State of Penlr sylvania, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Fluid-Compressing Apparatus, of v vhich the following is a speelfiation.

' The present invention relates to fluid compressing apparatus and more particularly to such apparatus designed for use 1n connection with railway train service, the greater Bart of the matter disclosed herein having plication Ser. No. 266,283. For such service it is of the utmost importance that the ap paratus be dependable and capable of operai, tion Without a break-down for a period of time at least equal to the run of a train. As it is against the rules to move a train 1f the air brake apparatus is out of order, it is the aiin vof all manufacturers of this apparatus to provide a Vconstruction which will not get out of operation While the train 1s 1n service.

.If' the air brake apparatus of a train is out of order, the train cannot be moved, with the result that the track' is blocked and traffic held up until the apparatus can be repaired. Such holding up of the trailic is very costly, often amountingr to hundreds or thousands of dollars per hour, depending on the amount of -trailic over the particular line.

The air compressing and braking appa ratus as employed onrailway trains at present is subject to frequent break-downs and has other defects which it is the obj ect of the principal features of novelty of the present invention may be outlinedras follows:

1. The apparatusv produces substantially dry air at the brake valve. In present day apparatus theair delivered' at the brake valve is ata temperature fai' above that of atmosphere. As a resultwhen this hot cornpres'sed air expands through the brake valve, f 4moisture vis condensed out.' collecting in the train pipe. This precipitation of moisture A will not occur until vthe temperature of the airV has been sufficiently reduced,Y which onv a number of occasions has been found to be a number of cars back of the locomotive. In cold Weather this precipitated moisture freezes, stopping up the pipe and rendering' the brakes in rearof the obstruction useless.

een Idescribed and shown in my prior ap-` This often results in loss of control of the train and in some cases has been the direct cause of derailments and Wreclrs. According to the present invention the air delivered to the brake valve issubstantially at at1nospheric temperature and has had practically all the moisture condensed out. Hence when it expands through the brake valve there is no condensation to collect in the train pipe. In other words, the compressed air discharged through the brake valve is substantially dry. l

`2. The compressed ai'r delivered through the brake valve contains substantially no oil. Heretoiore it has been the custom to inject oil into the compressor cylinders so that more or less oil is entrained in the compressed air and moves along with the same. In the present day apparatus, the tempera-- ture of the compressed air in the compressor is often sulicient to ignite the lubricant, and

Whereoil refined from petroleum is used ex pipe7 that is the pipe which connects the two l air reservoirs oi' the locomotive soonfills. -roducts of oil so' that this pipe has to be c eaned out at fre#l up with partially burned quent intervals.- With the present invenf t1on,'no`oil is introducedintotle air and consequently all of the above mentioned troubles are eliminated.

3. The provision of .a compressor havingI a relatively large capacity for-its Weightand size. This feature "results frommthe novel' manner of cooling the compressor and air and the arrangement whereby the vpressure of the compressed air entering-the second stage compressor aids the work of compressing in the low stage.

4. Theprovisionof a compressor in which the cylinders and piston are-eiliciently cooled by means ofy air without requiring any cooling water. According tothe present invention the compressor cylinders yare singleacting 'so that the atmosphere is alternately drawn into the cylinder' andexpelleel therefrom through its open end. In this manner both-the inner land oute'r surfaces' of the to.v centralized. 'This me.

cylinder are cooled and also the interior o" the piston and the piston rod.

.The inlet and discharge valves so disposed that. the incoming g cool air rushes over the vulves thereby cooling the same. ln the present compressor the air cylinder head has e'pa'ssage through which the islet air is drawn and the compressed air discharged, hoththe inlet and discharge valves communicating with this .pass-ege. Hence the air drawnmin onA the suction stroke of the compressor' comes incontact with all the valves and the surface of the passage meutioned above thereby operating to cool these arts. This arrangement also eliminates urned oil oreal-bon on the sir velves or in x the air passages. The cool air drawn in ou the suction stroke coming in Contact with the valves and the oir passages cools these parts and maintains them at such e. low tem perature that nol deposit will form and 'the circulation of 'the an' through the passages tends to,keepthem clean. .llA urtherniore, hef cnusethe valves are maintained et :i relatiyelylow tem ereture4 they may he lubricated without leer ci' hiirning out the lubricant. As a resultI the valve seats remain in perfect condition for an indefinite period.

t3. The provision of s twostoge tiuid comressor having means'to cool or shrink the uid or air discharged from. the first stage so thatthe size of the cylinder required in the second stage may he relatively small.

7.111 the direct 'acting air compressors used on locomotives et the present time, there is considerable trouble from the breaking of the piston rods at the point Where they join the pistons. The-present inventor has discovered that this is dueto the fact that the compressed air is discharged Jfronfithe compressor cylinders et one'side. As the piston nears ethe end of its discharge stroke the compressed sir near the' outlet con rush out through the discharge Valve, whereas 'the compressed uit' caged between' the pisto sind cylinder heed at the very end of the stroke cannot escapev quickly as the area open to the discharge valve is too small. The result is that the pressure on the piston :it the side opposite`hedischarge valve is greater than adjacent the discharge valve. IThis tends to tilt the piston und produces e heading' stress in the piston rod which in u short ti vcrystallizes the part ofthe piston rod udg, cent the piston resulting in am ultimate breaking. According to thepresent inventien this trouble is eliminated hy providingr 'means so that at Ithe end of the discharge stroke the pressure on the piston is :always y' he accomplished by discharging the yimpressed sir centrally or symmetrically with relation to the 'hxis of the 8. .The 'compressor constrected in accord- @me .vrille-diie pressi/it Iioveiitsliic ycomprises two end si? compressors und su iotcroosed lthe cylinders out of alinement.

Sl. Clue of the priucpul muses for lu'cuhdowns of the present dey compressing :xppu- :fetus is due to the hurried out pucliiug.; around the piston rods. lu order to eliminate this defect. according' to the present iuvention, single acting uir compressors :irc employed so that no pon-hing; is necessary for the. oir compressors. The 'iut li'poscd steam motor however.' has pecking urouud the pis tou rods et both ils heads. But the pistou rods reciproczitingg through .this puc-hing ou the outside o the motor are hrought iu coutzuft with uir it :atmospheric temperature so that they ure kopt zit u relatively low tcm peruture` .find :i pump constructed iu accordance with this invention will operate for iudenitenperiods without requiring n rcplucemeut or the pecking.: in the .motor heads. Furthermore', the piston rods ure properly lubricated, and es they ire maintained :it n relatively low temperntliro this luhricnnl. is not burned out or destroyed'.

l0. Heretoiorc it has been custouuxry to introduce lubricant to the compresso; hy discharging it directly into the compressor cylinder. As a result more or less oil carried :along with the compressed air und :is the temperature oi' this :tir in present compressors hes ver? often heen uhoviL the flesh or burning point of' 'the oil. the oil has been destroyed with the result that the. com pressor has not heen properly lubricated. Oi course F:is soonl :is the temperature of the compressor rises to the point where the "lubricant is destroyed further operation causes scored cylinders and burned piston rings or piston pecking, hut in the present invention, es previously explained, thc zur is suuiotoined :it-'rela'.lively low temperature so that the lubricant is not destroyed. YhirA thermoe, u. novel und eliicicnt manner oi` lubricating the nir' compressors hais heen dcvised. Thusl instead of introducing lubricant withI the entering air or directly into the air-cylinders, with the present -ihrention the lubricant is discharged on the nonpressure side of the nir pistons. v This accomplished by utilizing' the discharge of lOll lll)

steam from the tzzppet vulves o the steam motor. This si um: carries luhricnut in the usuel way. That is to soy, oy luhi x:mt is introduced into the steampige li'.

the steam motor. Hence the steam discharged from the tappet valves carries lubricant and as'this steam is directed against the'interior-surfaces of the air cylinders on the non-pressure side of the pistons thereof the air compressors are efliciently and thon oughlyI lubricated. Furthermore, the piston .rods are exposed to this discharge so lthat they in turn are lubricated.

11. The air valves are carried in bonnets or caps secured to the cylinder heads of the air compressors. Hence if it is necessary to replacethe valves or thelr seats become damaged, it is merely necessary Kto take oli the bonnet avoiding the necessity of removin Ithe entire cyllnder head as Where the va ves are carried Vdirectly thereby.

Other objects and features of novelty of the invention will be apparent from the description taken in connection with the drawings in which: l

VFigure 1 is a diagrammatic view illustrating the arrangement of the air compresser and air strage-apparatus on a locomotive; v

Fig. 2 is a longitudinal sectional elevation through a compressor constructed in accordance with the presentinvention;V

Fig. 3 is a sectiona elevation taken substantially on the line 3`-3 of Fig. 2;

Fig. 4 is a sectional lelevation taken substantiallyon the line 4-4 of Fig. 2;

Fig. 5 is a sectional elevation taken sub- Vtantially onthe line 5-1-5 of Fig. 2;

Fig. 6 is a sectional elevation taken substantlally on line 6 6 of Fig. 2; and

Fig. 7 is a longitudinal sectional elevation similar to Fig. 1 illustrating a compressor havin compressing cylinders of equal size.

Re erring to Fig., l of the drawings the compressor is illustrated as discharging through a i e into a first reservoir, this reservoir being on the same side of the locomotive as the compressor. reservoir an e ualizerpipe leads to a second reservoir on t e 4opposite side of the locomotive, from which the air is conducted through a pie to the brake valve which controls theischarge into the train pipe. With apparatus constructed in accordance with the present inventionV the air by the time it reaches the brake valve is substam tially at atmospheric temperature so thatpractically., all moisture has been condensed out in the first and second reservoirs. ,As a result substantially dry air` is delivered through thebrake valve into the train pipe.

.Rc erring to Figs. 2 to 6 inlusive it will be observed that the compressor of the present invention in the `form illustrated may comprise a steam motor A alined with and adapted to 'actuate ja first stage air compresser B, and a second stage air compres- -sor C. ln'the form'shown themotor interposed between the air cylinderspconsists of From the first 4 a cylinder'l() having a piston 11 nrwiiritedl The first'fm low' to reciprocatetherein. stage compressor comprises a cylinder `12 alined with the steam cylinder 10 and pro- `vided 'with a c linder head 13 closing the end opposite t e steam'cylinder, the end adjacent said cylinder being open. The end of the steam cylinder '10- adjacent the com lpresser B is closed by a head 14: and the piston rod, 15, on which the piston 11 is mounted extends through a stuling box 16 in said head and carries a piston 17 arranged to reciprocate inthe compressor l2. The peripheral wall 17 of piston 17 is extended axially in order to increase the interior surface of the piston affording a larger surface to come in contact with the cooling air, thus providing means for efficiently cooling the piston. The open end of the cylinder 10 is placed adjacent the end of the steam cylinder and 1n communication -cylindei` and the piston 17 are cooled by the air4 drawn into the cylinder. and expelled through the openings 20 oneach stroke ot' the piston. As the arms 18 are equall spaced,A the air and steam cylinders are a Ways maintained in alinement, for the i reasonf that all strains andstresses Whether produced Iby changes in temperatures or other causes are' equalized, that is to say they are transmitted from one cylinder to the other equally.

The second stage compressor C comprises a cylinder 2l in alinement with the steam cylinder 10 disposed at the opposite end thereof with respect to the rst stage compressor B.' The end of the cylinder 21 'opposite the steam cylinder is closed by a head 22 while the opposite end, that'is, the end adjacent the steam motor, is open. The adjacent end of the ste-am cylinder 10 is closed by a head 23 and the piston rod 15 extends through a stuffing -box 24 in this head 'and j carries a plston 25 mounted to reciprocate 1n the cylinder 21. The piston' 25 has lits peripheral wall extended axially "as at 25 to increase the interior surface of the..` iston,v as described .in connection with the` rst stage `piston.`The head 23 ofthe stam cylinder is provided with equally-spaced arms 26 which `at their outertends carrya ring 27 secured to the adjacent open end of the cylinder 21 in any suitable manner. The space between the arms 26, such as indicated at 287 provde passages soI that the interior of the cylinderiis always in communicetion with the atmosphere. i rior of the cylinder C and the piston irre cooled by the air drawn in :ind expelled through the open end of the cylinder C.

liurtherniore, es explained in connect-ion iijth the first air cylinder, the second cylinder C and the steam cyiinder ere mein tained in alineinent because the :irme cci necting' seid cylinders are equally spe. nysuitiible valve meclienisiii insg b vided for admitting and exhausting to the steam cylinder 10'to effect si, reciprocetion of the piston. Preferably e. control valve 29 and'tsppet valves 30 eiiol ere ein? ployed such as described and claimed in the patent to Barner, 1,171,018, granted ll`eb-4 steam ruaryS, 1916..l Steam is supplied 'to the coritrol valve 29 through :i supply pipe 32 and isexhausted from the controlrvelve through the pipe 33. A lubricatori of the usuel construction may be attached to the pipe v so that lubricant is supplied to the steam motor by being carried in with the entering steam. As described in the aforesaid patent the slight amount of steam caged at the opposite ends or" the control valve is exhausted throughv thetappct valves 30 and 31. Heretofore the steam 'thus exhausted has been passed directly into the atmosphere. fic cording to the present invention, hor ever, this steam is utilized and is coiiducteo or.

'the -tappet valves by ineens of pipes or tubes and 36 so that it is discharged Within the cylinders B and C and preferably against the interior surface thereof. As this in the head 13. Thisperinits the steam carries lubricant the interior of the compressor cylinders, pistons and piston rods are thoroughly lubricated. lt will be observed that the lubricant is 'thus introduced to' the cylinders on the non-pressure- `s1dc of the pistons rather than being carried in with the iniet air to the compressors.

'Referring to Figs. and 3 it will be seen `thatthe cylinder heed 13 of the compressor B is formed with-'ii fluid passage 37 which has communication with the interior of the cylinder-` The head also carries the inlet valves 38 and thedischarge velve- 39, the ist ter valve eonti'oliing the discharge of fluid to the discharge pipe 40. The valves may be of any preferred type, but es Shown iii Fig.

2, are of the gravity puppet type end the vulve 39 is positioned so that the iiuid drawn 1n through the inlet valves 38 on the suction 'stroke oi the Compressor comes in Contact with said discharge valve and also with the surface of the Walls forming the passage 3T thereby 'cooling said valve and walls. H desired the passage 37 may be formed in und the valves carried by a removable cap or bonnet 41 vsecured in an opening 42 formed rer-.dy reseats or will be observed moval of the-valves iT". the valve valves become uigured end Thus the inteyerali'y wf 'h t the passage is located ceiit respect to the piston. 1T. Hence there is no chance for i' e .Auping of zur be tween the piston and cylinder head to produce tilting of the piston. in olier Words, as thc couipiesse l,iiui d is di rl 1 cen-- tis'lly with respcft to the pist iuid pressure acting; on the piste-n "stru, l und produces no bending artico; in` the rod The arrangeiiien; of the4 inlet :ind discharge 'valves 'for libe compressor (f is Similar i io het described in connection with the coinoress'r 'L is shown in Figs. :2 and the is formed with u {iuid passage 5:3

which Yhas direct communication with the' inlet valve und the discharge valve these velvesbeing of any preferred type, iis showin, ot the gravity plippct type. The passages are constructed und the vslves so located that the luid entering tliiougli the inlet vulve '14 comes in Contact wir'. r.nd cools the discharge vulve and the interir surface of the Walls forming the pessige 4.3. FurthernioreIn the outiet passive Il is cen iriilly disposed with rf oec-t to the piston thus :avoidingA any tene f o tilt the piston as explained in connection"l with the centrally disposed 3T of the lor.7 i t com pressoir.

"" i l n I m .'i- -1 iii omer to .rcsec liu: imei-sy of tue compressor sii also to deli ir compressed rais through the iule: `vulve il o 'the second stage coinpi1 ,.;sor, un inter cooler 351s disposed so that the i'iuid disfl from the iiist stage compressor B is cond' :tdto the inter-cooler through u pipe 4:7. The compressed gus in its passage throi'ig'li the inter-cooler cooled :ind its volume thereby reduced sud LLilien conducted by means of the pipe il to the inlet vulve 4 of the second st; e ceinpicssor C.

oi? the apparatus den the operation #l 3 E l .l A sciioeo. come. lue slcc.. i entemig, tliiougrh veelijlrcczitiou of the the pipe 32 causes the piston l1 thereby actuating the single acting compressors@ iind C. The l'iuid compressed in the vlinder 12 is discluirfged centi-:illy with res ect to its piston into the intertrlien passesythrougli the inlet cooler lil and valve 44 to the secouristes-e compressor L) vWhere it is further compressed and dis- :L cooled charged centrally Witlirespect to 4its piston isc irst half of the streife is given out inders thereby lubricating'the pistons and' piston rods.

In direct acting compressors of the type 4disclosed herein, the steam acts at full pressure throughout the entire strokefof the steamengine. Hence-the total steam pressure acting on the steam'piston must be greater than the resista-nce oilered by the airV pistons at the end of their compression strokes. In other words, the size of the air cylinder is limited in accordance with the total steam pressure on In crank driven compressors, on the other hand, the total steam pressure at the end of the stroke may be less than the total resistance to compression in the air cylinder, for the reason that energy stored up in the reciprocating parts and fly Wheel during the during the latter half and thereby aids and supplements the steam pressure. i

According' to the present invention, the compressed fluid in the-intercooler enters through the inlet valveto the high pressure cylinder tion stroke and therefore aids in moving the pistons in this direction. Inother words, the compressed fluid in the inter-cooler acts on the high steam in actuating the low pressure piston on its compressionA stroke. Thus the steam pressure with the added air pressure on the high pressure piston 25 is sufficient to move the low pressure piston during the final portion of its compression stroke although the steam pressure alone would not be sufficient to accomplish this. It therefore ollows that a larger low pressure cylinder may be employed with agiven steamA pressure than if the compressed Huid in the intercooler were not employedas described.

Fig. 7 illustrates a compressor similar to that shown in 'Fig'. 2 excepting that it is designed particularly for a larger quantity or compressed fluid at a lowervpressure. Thus in this machine the compressor B of Fig. 2 is duplicated on both sides of the steam cylinder 10. In the operation of this embodiment of the invention air is drawn into the cylinders through the inlet valves 38 and discharged through the discharge valves 39 into the pipes 45 which may lead to a common reservoir. It will be observed that the compressors B are single acting and are disposed at opposite ends of the steam cylinder 10 and in alinement therewith. Thisconstruction employs the same features as described in connection with Fig. 2.

Although. theA present compressor has been described in connection with railway train service, it has been found that it is so edicient and dependable that it may be substituted for many of the present ily wheel the steam piston.`

while the piston 25 is on its suc,.

pressure piston to aid the atmosphere and type of air compressors invstationary servicer scribed in connection with a specific embodiment there'oJ-it is to be understood that the invention is nt thus limited but includes modifications and changes which come with in the scope of the appended claims.

Having thus described my `nve'ntionwhat 1s claimed as new and desired to be secured by Letters Patent is:

1. A machine of the class described in- `cluding in combination, two alined single acting compressors, a double acting steam motor interposed between said compressors to actuate the latter, and means to attach the compressors to the motor formed' to provide communication between the interior of the compressors and the atmosphere, whereby thev compressors are cooled. Y

u 2. A machine of the class described including in combination, two alined single actin compressors including cylinders having t eir adjacent ends open and their outer ends closed, a double `acting' motor to actuate said compressors disposed between said cylinders, and means to secure the o aen ends of the cylinders to the motor provi ed with passages affording communication between the interior of the cylinders and the atmosv phere, whereby the compressors are cooled.

3. A machine of the class described including in combination,- two alined single acting compressors including cylinders hav ing their outer ends closed and their adjacent ends open, a double acting motor inter osed between said cylinders comprising a cylinder and heads, andumeans to secure the open end of each compressor cylinder to the adjacent head of the steam cylinder provided with passages affording communication between the lnterior of the compressor cylinders" and the atmosphere, whereby the compressors are cooled.

Il. A machine of the class described includingiin combination, two alined single acting motor, the non-compressing ends of the compressors being continually in communication with the atmosphere whereby air is alternately drawn' into and expelled4 from the compressors to cool the same. 4

5. A machine of the class described inf cluding in combination,"two alined single4 acting compressors, each including a hollow cylinder open at one end to the atmosphere and a head closing the other end, and a motor disposed between said cylinders to actuate the compressors.

Although the invention has been de- Y actingcompressors and an interposed double l 6. A machine of the class described includingin combination, two single acting alined compressors and an interposed steam motor, said compressors each including a hollow cylinder having one end open tov the a head closing the other end, and means to intermittently supply a small. qnsn'biyor oil laden steam yand e piston reciprocolingv therein, end

ineens to interrnlllenely, supply o smell quantity'off oil leden einem io the interior surfaces oi seid cylinders to lnliriesiye the seme.

8. A machinev of 'ille class described including in ,combinaiom o, fluid compressing cylinder, e piston reciproealiie therein, e, steam motor alined with said cylinder including,r a steam cylinder, e pislc'on recipro cable herein, e piston rod on which seid. pistons are mounted, means to govern he reciprocelfion of saidseam pison including,T i control valve and n. lseppe't valve el; lech end of the steam cylinder, and means lo discharge the exhaust steam from a, eppet valve tothe interior surface oi' -he compressing cylinder,

9. A' machine ol the eless described including Ain combination, e double seizing steam cylinder, single seeing iuid compressing cylinder elincd with the sloom cylinder, one end of seid compressing cylinder being open and in eon'nnunioneion wish the atmosphere, means 'io secure seid cylinders logether.

l0.- A direet noting steam driven air coinpressor for railway use including in Coin-l binil'ion, a, cylinder having e, fluid passage opening from che interior thereof, end e discharge valve sind an inlet valve opening directly Afrom said passage, whereby the fluid drawn in ilnough lie inlet valve on the snolsion stroke comes in contact' With and cools "the discharge valve, inlet valve and he Woll@ of seid passage.

ll. A machine oli the class described including in combinaion, a single noting cornpressor comprising o cylinder having a fluid passage opei'iingv from the interior thereof, e, ilisehzirfe valve and sin inlet valve opening directly from seid passage, whereby she fluid drawn in hrongh the inle'lJ volvo on lvlie suc 'lt-ionl s'lrole noniesy in contact with and cools the dis berge Valve, inlet relire and ihe n lls 'of seid passage, one end o thslcylinderbeing open and in clonifnunicnion 'mili etm sphere, and e sleem mol/or lie-wing a cylinder alined with the compressing' Cylinder, ndeped 'no drive 'zhe compressor. t l2. A machine of the deseribed including in combination, n double acting steam inoor including' n steam eylinder, e

first ssgge fluid compressor disposed as one end. of and elined Willi seid cylinder, seo ond stage con'ipressor disposed the ozher end of and nlined with seid cylinder, enen compressor having; a fluid passage and e. discharge valve and inlet valve openin di` compressor lo the inter-cooler.

in "in vulve of ehe .se/rond Stege compressor.

l, i machine of 4ehe class described in- .nig in ca'inibinntion, o, double acting si :uiting compressor disposed .ind-.filinfxl wih said cylinder, :i second sitzig@ single acting compressor disposed el; the nher end of and alined with smid cylindw mieli compressor having an open end in immuni ation with the atmosphere wherein il; is cooled, each mpressor also having n fluid passage :ind a disclmfr e und inlet vulve opening directly from said passage, im intor-coolerg u pipe oonnectin the disc erge vulve of the liisI stage compressor to the inter-cooler and u, pipe Gonnecting the inter-cooler to the inlet valve 0f lhs second compressor.`

14. A ninchine of the described invluding; ln combination, two single acting ulined compressors and en interposed steun motor, seid compressors each including 2L hollow cylii'ider having one end open to the atmosphere end :i head closing the other end; and moons o disehargo oil loden steam egeins'n the ii'iserioir surface of noch comlessor. p l5. AL clnding; pressors machine of the class described inin combination, two :ilmcd comond :in interposed stoom motor,

'each compressor including a. hollow cylinder :and i piston reciproaiting therein, and

:ind :i pipe 'connecting ehe inter-cooler to the l n motor includingl e steam cylinder, .ai

moons lo discharge oil laden steam to the interior surfaces of said cylinders to lubri? este the sonic.

16. A machine of the class described including in combination, s low )ressure fluid cylinder, u high pressure flui cylinder, an interposed sezim cylinder, said cylinders being in ellinemenlc, o piston in each cylinder, e piston rod ':onnecting ,il seid pistons, said fluid cylii'iders being single acting and having one end in communication with the :Lvngiospherc und said steam cylinder being double :owning on inter-emiler inl'erposed beeweeh the disfharge valve of the low pressure cylinder .--l the inlet vulve of the high pie ure cylinder, said latter valve opening on ille sucion stroke of 'ihe high pressure piston, `whereby the fluid compressed in the low pressure cyliiider nels on the high ressure piston lo eid ehe impression stro :e of ille low pressure piston.

17. A machine of the class described includinggI in combination, n single :actin to ciprocning compressor, e motor to rive said compressor, and means to suppl' lubrilont no the Compressor cylinder o n l, ie non- Lemmi cluding in combination, two single acting compressors, means to drive said compressors, each compressor including a hollow cylinder closed at one end und open e1; the

A other, whereby the cylinders and pistons are cooled, and means' k :supply lubricant to each cylinder adjaoent they open end thereof. f

19. A machine of the dass described in cluding in combination two dined single acting compressors, a double acting steam motor interposed between' said compressors to zictuaie the latter, and means io attach the compiessois to the motor former] to pi'ovide communication between the inerior of the "compressors and the atmosphere, said means including equuli y spaced arms whereby the motor anni coi'npi'essors are mail mined .in ailineimen;n

iin testimony whercoi- .i aiix my signature.

JOHN S. BARBIER.

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