US1371726A - Smoker's pipe - Google Patents
Smoker's pipe Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US1371726A US1371726A US308347A US30834719A US1371726A US 1371726 A US1371726 A US 1371726A US 308347 A US308347 A US 308347A US 30834719 A US30834719 A US 30834719A US 1371726 A US1371726 A US 1371726A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- stem
- bore
- pipe
- indicated
- numeral
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 241000208125 Nicotiana Species 0.000 description 4
- 235000002637 Nicotiana tabacum Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 210000003296 Saliva Anatomy 0.000 description 4
- 230000000875 corresponding Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 description 4
- SNICXCGAKADSCV-JTQLQIEISA-N Nicotine Chemical compound data:image/svg+xml;base64,<?xml version='1.0' encoding='iso-8859-1'?>
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CN1CCC[C@H]1C1=CC=CN=C1 SNICXCGAKADSCV-JTQLQIEISA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 3
- 241000601170 Clematis lasiantha Species 0.000 description 2
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 2
- 210000003165 Abomasum Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 210000003414 Extremities Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 210000000088 Lip Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 235000014676 Phragmites communis Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
- A24F—SMOKERS' REQUISITES; MATCH BOXES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES
- A24F1/00—Tobacco pipes
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
- A24F—SMOKERS' REQUISITES; MATCH BOXES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES
- A24F2700/00—Tobacco pipes; Bad-covers or accessories for smokers' pipes
- A24F2700/01—Collapsible pipes and pipes in general
Description
I. D. BLAKER.
SMOKERS PIPE.
APPLICATION man JULY 3,1919.
Patented Mar. 15, 1921.
UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.
JOHN D. BLAKER, OF SAN FRANCISCO, CALIFORNIA.
SMOKER'S PIPE.
Application filed July 3,
To all w]: am it may cones m:
Be it known that I, JoIIN D. BLAKER, a citizen of the United States, residing at gan lfrancisco, in the county of San Francisco and State of California, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Smokers lipes, of which the following is a specification.
This invention relates to smokers pipes and more particularly to an improvement in the stems thereof.
()ne of the primary objects of the present invention is to provide a pipe stem so constructed that there will be no likelihood of saliva flowing down the bore of the stem and mingling with the burning tobacco in the bowl of the pipe.
Another object of the invention is to so construct the stem that the tobacco oils, nicotin, and impurities, will be extracted from the smoke before the smoke reaches the mouth of the smoker.
A further object of the invention is to so construct the stem that the oils from the tobacco, the nicotin, and the other impurities extracted from the smoke, may be readily removed from the stem and the stem thoroughly cleaned and thus kept in a sanitary condition.
Another object of the invention is to provide a pipe bowl of such a form that when the pipe is disposed upon a flatsurface, the stem will be supported in an elevated position so that the mouth-piece will not touch said surface.
In the accompanying drawings:
Figure 1 is a perspective view of a pipe constru ted in accordance with the invention;
Fig. 2 is a vertical longitudinal sectional view therethrongh Fig. 3 is a view partly in elevation and partly in longitudinal section lllustrating a modified form of the invention:
Fig. i is a perspective view illustrating a modified form of stem;
Fig. 5 is a similar view illustrating another modified form of the stem.
In the drawings, the bowl of the pipe is indicated in general by the numeral 1 and in that form of the invention shown in Figs. 1 and 2 of the drawings, the said bowl, is in the form of a scalene cylinder so that the stem of the pipe, extending substantially at right angles to the axis of the bowl, will be inclined upwardly toward its mouthpiece Specification of Letters Patent.
I Patented Mar. 15, 1921.
1919. Serial No. 308,347.
end when the bottom of the bowl is disposed upon a supporting surface as shown in Fig. 2 of the drawings.
The stem of the pipe comprises two sections, one indicated by the numeral 2 and the other by the. numeral 3, the section 2 being in the nature of a cylindrical tube havlng a relatively large bore .4 and reduced at one end to provide a short tubular tang 5 which is either fitted frictionally into the stem receiving opening in the bowl or is exteriorily threaded as at (i as shown in Fig. 2 of the drawings so as to fit within the said opening. At its opposite end, the tubular section 2 or barrel of the stem is interiorly slightly llared as indicated by the numeral 7 for a purpose which will now be explained. The section 3 of the stem is of tubular form and therefore has a bore which is indicated by the numeral 8, and this stem 3 is formed near one end with an external enlargement f) tapered so as to fit snugly and frictionally within the flared end 7 of the bore of the section 2. Beyond its enlargement 9, the section 3 of the stem is continued in a straight line with. the axis of the main portion of the stem and the bore of the stem opens through the extremity of this portion of the stem as indicated by the numeral 10. In that form of the invention shown in Fig. 2 of the drawings, the portion of the stem below the enlargement T and which portion is indicated specifically by the numeral 11, is formed both in its upper and under sides with openings indicated by the numeral 12, these openings being preferably diametrically oppositely located and also being preferably of a diameter somewhat less than the diameter of the bore of the section 3 of the stem. It will be evident by reference to Figs. 2 and 3 of the drawings that when the section 3 is fitted to the section 2, the portion 11 of the stem will be concentrically located Within the bore 4 of the section 2 and spaced from the walls thereof.
At its outer end, the stem is formed with a mouthpiece indicated in general by the numeral 13 and this mouthpiece comprises an upwardly curved extension 14 and a short downward extension 15, the bore 8 of the stem being curved upwardly to extend through the extension 14, as indicated by the numeral 16. and the wall of the portion 16 of the bore at its upper end being thinned substantially to an edge as indicated b the numeral 17 this thinning of the wal bein especially pronounced at the rear side of t e mouthpiece. The rear face of the mouthpiece is dished or curved 1nwardly as indicated by the numeral 18 both alon vertical and transverse lines so as to provide a shallow depression or channel leading from the u 'er end of the extension 14 at-the rear s1 e thereof to the lower end of the extension 15 at the rear side of the latter. 1
The stem shown in Fig. 3 of the drawings is identical with the stem shown in Figs. 1 and 2 and above specifically described, except that it is provided with but a single one of the openings 12 and which opening is located in the upplgrside only of the portion .11 of the stem. arts in Fig. 3 which correspond to parts in Fig. 2 are indicated by corresponding reference numerals.
In Fig. 4 of the drawings there is shown a stem embodying the principles of the invention, but which stem is formed from a length of reed, indicated by the numeral 19 and having one end plugged or closed as indicated by the numeral 20 and provided in its said end with an upwardly curved or inclined passage or bore 21 constituting a continuation of the bore or passage of the main portion of the stem 19 and corresponding to the extension 16 of the bore 8 of the stem previously described.
In Fig. 5 of the drawings the principles of the invention are illustrated as embodied in a stem which is curved and as the stem is of the same construction as that previously described except for the fact that it is curved, it need not be specifically described, corresponding parts in this figure and in Figs. 1, 2 and 3 being indicated by corresponding reference numerals.
Referring now particularly-to Fig. 2 of the drawings it Wlll be understood that in the use of a pipe equipped with the stem embodying the invention, saliva cannot enter and flow down the bore or duct of the stem for the reason that there is no surface of appreciable extent surrounding the end of the extension 16 of the bore 8 upon which the saliva might lodge and then flow into the said extension of the bore. Therefore any saliva reaching the mouth iece will flow down the recessed or channe ed rear face of .the mouthpiece instead of into the bore of the stem. It will also be understood from the foregoing and from an inspection of the said figure of the drawings that the breath from the smoker will pass down the bore of the stem and out through the 0 en lower end 10 of the section 3 thereof ut that in drawing uponthe pipe smoke will not enter through this lower end of the bore but will, instead, flow upwardly past this" end of the stem and about the portion 11 of the section 3 and finally into the bore of the stem through the openings 12. Thus any oils from the tobacco, nicotin, or other is claimed as new is:
A pipe stem having a mouthpiece provided with an upward and a downward extension and having its rear face curved inwardly and formed with a depression extending from the upper end of the upward extension to the lower end of the downward extension whereby a smooth curved wall is presented to the tongue of the smoker, the stem being formed with a bore opening at one and through the endof the upward extension.
In testimony whereof I aflix my signature.
JOHN D. BLAKER. 1.8.
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US308347A US1371726A (en) | 1919-07-03 | 1919-07-03 | Smoker's pipe |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US308347A US1371726A (en) | 1919-07-03 | 1919-07-03 | Smoker's pipe |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
US1371726A true US1371726A (en) | 1921-03-15 |
Family
ID=23193620
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US308347A Expired - Lifetime US1371726A (en) | 1919-07-03 | 1919-07-03 | Smoker's pipe |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US1371726A (en) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2653615A (en) * | 1951-02-20 | 1953-09-29 | Mcreynolds Weldon Robert | Smoking pipe stem |
-
1919
- 1919-07-03 US US308347A patent/US1371726A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2653615A (en) * | 1951-02-20 | 1953-09-29 | Mcreynolds Weldon Robert | Smoking pipe stem |
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