US1365263A

US1365263A - Piston and connecting-rod

Info

Publication number: US1365263A
Application number: US161588A
Authority: US
Inventors: Harry D Morton
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1917-04-12
Filing date: 1917-04-12
Publication date: 1921-01-11
Anticipated expiration: 1938-01-11

Description

H. D. MORTON.

PISTON AND CONNECTING'ROD.

APPLICATION FILED APR. 12. 1917.

mmmmmmwm .g y x\ A V//////////////////////////////////////m I "(WW .s

Patented Jan. 11,1921.

llIll"HUME-"Ill"!lllllllllllllllfi \lIllllIlllllll-lllllllllllllllllllllllllli;

! I mmrmfmw Chimney,

TED STTES PTE OFFICE.

HARRY D. MORTON, OF DETROIT, MICHIGAN;

IPISTON AND CONNECTING-ROD.

To all whom it may concern Be it known that T, HARRY D. MonroN, a citizen of the United States, residin at Detroit, Wayne county, State of Michigan, have invented certain new and useful Tmprovements in Pistons and Connecting- Rods, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to a welded steel piston and connecting rod and the method of making the same.

The principal objects of my invention are to produce a light, simple and inexpensive piston and connecting rod assembly suitable for use in internal combustion engines and provided with long bearing surfaces.

The above and other objects and the novel features of my invention will be apparent from the following description taken in connectionwith the drawing, which constitutes a part of this invention and in which,

Figure 1 is a vertical sectional view of a combined piston and connecting rod assenr bly embodying my invention; 7

Fig. 2 is a side elevation of the same; and

Fig. 3 is a central sectional view, on a smaller scale, of a piston shell embodying my invention.

Referring to the drawing, the shell S of the cylinder is pressed from sheet steel, being closed at the upper end and open at the lower end. After the shell has been formed, depressions 10 are formed in diametrically opposite sides thereof and holes 11 are then punched through the bottoms of these depressions to receive the piston pin 12. The holes 11 are of smaller diameter than the depressions 10 so that an angular portion of the depression is left which surrounds the hole. After the holes 11 have been punched in the shell the ring grooves 13 are rolled therein. These grooves are adapted to receive the usual piston rings.

I A band 14, preferably of cast iron is also attached to the shell S at its lower open end, the band being provided with a groove to receive the lower edge of the shell and the metal of the band being fused to the shell.

Owing to the great difference in coeflicients of expansion as between aluminum alloys and cast iron, it is necessary, where such aluminum alloy pistons are employed, that they be made considerably smaller than the bore of the cylinder. The result is that Specification of Letters Patent noise and loss of power.

Patented Jan. 11, 1921. 1917. Serial No. 161,588.

until this loose fitting piston has become heated to a point where it fits the cylinder properly, there is considerable side slap The band 14 on the lower end of the sheet steel piston S is designed to fit closely in the cylinder while the upper end of the piston floats on the piston rings in the grooves 13. It will, of course, be possible without departing from the spirit of my invention to fuse another cast iron band to the upper end of the piston shell S, similar to the band 14, thus forming at either end a close fitting bearing for such piston. Inasmuch as the coeficient of expansion of steel more closely approaches that of cast iron than does the coefficient of expansion of aluminum and its alloys, it is apparent that with the construction T have shown the necessity for a loose it of piston in the cylinder is greatly minimized.

The connecting rod and associated parts include an upper bearing forging 15 which is made in one piece and has an elongated barrel 16 which is substantially as long as the distance between the openings 11 in opposite sides of the shell. The bearing forging 15 also has a hollow boss 17 at one side thereof. The connecting rod proper consists of a hollow tube 18 adapted to slip over a reduced portion 19 of the boss 17 and to abut against an exterior shoulder 20 on the boss. The end of the tube 18 abuts against the shoulder 20 only at the inner edge thereof and the shoulder and end of the tube are shaped so as to form a taperin groove to receive welding material 21 whic is deposited in the groove by a metallic electrode electric arc welding apparatus.

The forging 22 which forms theupper half of the lower connecting rod bearing is provided with a hollow boss 23 and the lower end of the tube 18 is welded to the boss 23 in the same manner as the bearing 15 by the weld 24. The annular welds 21 and 24 are formed before the connecting rod and its bearings are assembled with the piston shell and after the annular welds 21 and 24 are completed the surplus metal is machined away. so as to provide a smooth joint.

When the connecting rod and its bearings have been assembled a suitable bearing bushing 25 is inserted into the barrel 16 of the bearing forging 15. The bearing forging 15 carrying the bushing 25 is then inserted into the shell through the open end thereof so that its barrel 16 will be axially in line with the openings 11, 11 of the shell. The hollow piston pin 12 is then inserted through one of the openings, and through the bushing 25 and the other opening so as to hold the parts together. It will be seen that the piston pin 12 rests on the edges of the openings 11, 11 and that the ends project therethrough and form grooves g with the walls 26 of the remainingzportions of the depressions in the shell S. In order to permanently unite the piston pin 12 to the shell S I deposit molten metal m in the grooves g by means of a metallic electrode electric arc welding apparatus. The welding material m unites with both the shell and the pin and a perfect joint is provided. After the welds m are completed the surplus metal is machined away and the ring grooves 13 and 14 are also machined. The annular welds m do not appear in Fig. 2 because the ioints thereof disappear when the Iy are machined.

he advantages of my construction are as follows: A

The operations necessary to production of this assembly, on a large scale, are very simple and inexpensive to carry out.

The weight of the assembly is only about 4.0% of that of the usual iron piston and forged steel connecting-rod.

The cost of materials is very much less than that of aluminum alloy pistons, which alone can approach this construction in lightness.

Owing to the difiiculty experienced in satisfactorily attaching the upper end of the connecting rod to the piston pin, where ordinary piston and connecting rod construction is used, this point is one of the most troublesome in gasolene engine design. In my construction, however, this difiiculty is overcome, by reason of the fact that the piston pin is integral with the piston, and the upper end of the connecting rod moves on the piston pin. This affords a much longer bearing for the upper end of the connecting rod than is possible by the ordinary construction. The hollow bosses 23, 17 and the tubular connecting rod uniting them provide means whereby oil from the crank case may circulate to the bearing bushing 25 and more effectively lubricate the same.

While I have shown and described my invention in detail I do not wish to be limited to the exact form illustrated as it is obvious that various changes may be made therein within the spirit and scope of the invention.

Having thus described the invention,

what is claimed and desired to be secured by Letters Patent is:

l. A piston comprising a hollow sheet metal cylindrical shell having a head and diametrically opposite circular openings in its cylindrical wall, said wall also having inwardly extending portions surrounding said openings, a piston pin having the ends thereof resting on the edges of said openings and forming grooves with said inwardly extending portions, and welding material in said grooves uniting said piston pin to said shell.

2. A. piston comprising a hollow sheet metal cylindrical shell closed at its upper end and open at its lower end, said shell having diametrically opposite circular openings in its cylindrical wall, said wall having inwardly extending angular portions surrounding said openings and also having ring grooves therein above said openings, a hollow piston pin having the ends thereof resting in contact with the edges of said openings and forming outwardly facing grooves with said angular portions, welding material in said grooves uniting the ends of said piston pin to said shell, and a band attached to the lower open end of the shell.

3. A combined piston and connecting rod comprising a sheet metal cylindrical shell having diametrically opposite openings in its wall, a piston pin having the ends thereof extending through said openings, welding material uniting the ends of said piston pin to said shell, a bushing surrounding said piston pin, a forging carried by said bushing, and a connecting rod welded at one end to said-forging. 1

4. A combined piston and connecting rod for internal combustion engines comprising a hollow sheel metal cylindrical shell closed at its upper end and open at its lower end, said shell having diametrically opposite circular openings in its cylindrical wall and inwardly extending portions in the wall surrounding said openings, a hollow piston pin having the ends thereof supported by the edges of said openings and forming grooves with said inwardly extending portions of the shell, welding material in said grooves uniting said piston pin to said shell, a bushing surrounding said" "piston pin and extending from adjacent one of said openings to a point adjacent the other opening, aonepiece bearing forging carried by said bushing and substantially the same length as the bushing, said forging having a hollow boss, and a connecting rod having one end welded to the boss of said forging.

In testimony whereof I aflix my signature.

HARRY D. MORTON.