US136512A - Improvement in ozone-generators - Google Patents

Improvement in ozone-generators Download PDF

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US136512A
US136512A US136512DA US136512A US 136512 A US136512 A US 136512A US 136512D A US136512D A US 136512DA US 136512 A US136512 A US 136512A
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water
pipe
air
ozone
chamber
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
    • C01B15/00—Peroxides; Peroxyhydrates; Peroxyacids or salts thereof; Superoxides; Ozonides
    • C01B15/04—Metal peroxides or peroxyhydrates thereof; Metal superoxides; Metal ozonides; Peroxyhydrates thereof
    • C01B15/043—Metal peroxides or peroxyhydrates thereof; Metal superoxides; Metal ozonides; Peroxyhydrates thereof of alkali metals, alkaline earth metals or magnesium or beryllium or aluminium
    • C01B15/0435—Metal peroxides or peroxyhydrates thereof; Metal superoxides; Metal ozonides; Peroxyhydrates thereof of alkali metals, alkaline earth metals or magnesium or beryllium or aluminium of alkali metals

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  • This invention relates to devices for generating ozone, and consists in providing a selfacting machine, whereby the water used for washing is utilized to produce and force in the air necessary to the generation of the ozone in the retort. It further consists in the construction of the generating-chamber for its better protection; also, in the construction of the washing and purifying ⁇ vessels to more thoroughly accomplish the work. It furthermore consists in a double self-acting pump, which supplies both air and water by one operation, as hereinafter described.
  • Figure l is a sectional elevation of the whole machine.
  • Fig. 2 is afront eleva-tion, part in section.
  • Fig. 3 is a plan, showing the connection between the retorts, &c.; Figs. 4 and 5, detail views;
  • Fig. 6, a plan of the perforated plate or diaphragm;
  • Fig. 7, an enlarged view of the discharge-pipe.
  • A is a frame-work, in which is placed the air and water tank or reservoir B.v Secured to the top of this tank is a double-barreled pump, C G', supplied with plungers a a, whose rods b b are connected together by means 'of a rope or chain, c, which passes upward over a pulley, d, (see Fig.2,) so that one plunger in going down pulls the other up, and vice versa..
  • the tops of the pump-barrels are connected together by a shallow dish or cup, e, to prevent overow. Attached.v to the pump-barrels in front and just below the center are two pipes, D D,which lead downward into the bottom of the tank B, as shown.
  • the construction and working of the double pump are as follows: Above the two pumpbarrels is a discharge-pipe, j, pivoted to a hanger, G, and attached. to the water-supply pipe F, which connects with a hydrant or reservoir. The discharge-pipe f is thus pivoted so that it will vibrate to throw the water into either pump-barrel desired.
  • the operation is as follows: The water will run into one barrel from the pipe f until it is nearly full, when the weight of the water will cause the plunger to descend, and so draw the other up. When the plunger ⁇ has fallen far enough to pass the opening to the pipe D, or assume the position shown in Fig. 1, the water will run out into thetauk B. In the meautime the other plunger in rising has drawn the other barrel below the plungerfull of air, introduced through the air-valve pipe H, (see Figs.
  • the pipes D D and E E carry both air and water, forcing the air down f1rst,and then the water following by its own weight.
  • the lat ter also carries oli' any water that might otherwise collect in the bottoms of the pumps, which, if allowed to stand or accumulate, would interfere with the workin g of the plungers.
  • These plungers a a are of peculiar construction, and consist of a ring, ⁇ z ⁇ , somewhat smaller than the pump-barrel, and supplied with a series of holes, j j, and surrounded with a loose leather or rubber packing-piece, la, which is held at the top by a ring, l, and at the bottom by a disk, m, in which the rod bis secured.
  • the water is allowed to pass through the perforationsj in the ring i, and thus expand the leather or rubber packing k, and thus keep it always full of water and packed tight; and the greater the pressure, and, con-,
  • H is an air-pipe, in the top of which a valve is set, which consists merely of a sharp-edged valve-seat, upon which a spring-valve rests, and thus secures a tight joint witha very small amount of fric# tion.
  • This supplies air to the pump-barrels.
  • the area of the feed-pipe fis much smaller than pipe D, so that the latter will discharge much sooner, and thus prevent the possibility of one plunger descending before the other has discharged.
  • the tank B is supplied with a siphon, I, which keeps the water in the tank always at the same level, as indicated by dotted lines a in Fig.
  • a division-plate, J which forms the bottom of a glass retort or generating-chamber, which sets upon a rubber packing-ring, p, between two annular rings q q', (see Figs.1 and 3.)
  • This retort is formed with an inner chamber of glass, o', having an outside metal wall or case, K, with a space, s, between it and the glass retort i', top and sides as well, which is n'lled inwith plaster of Paris, or its equivalent, to strengthen and protect the glass from accidents, Ste.
  • u u are two small pipes which enter the generating-chamber r through the bottom of the plate J, and which are connected to two other pipes, one of which, M, is connected to the bottom of the tank B for supplying water to the generating-chamber, while the other, N, connects with the top of the tank, and. thus supplies air to the retort.
  • P1P2 P3 P4 are the four glass vessels or washing-chambers cemented between annular rings to the division-plate J, with a hole, v, leading into each vessel.
  • Beneath each of these chambers is a metal cistern or vessel, w, in the center of which is a perforated plate or diaphragm R, having a portion of its center without perforations, as shown in Fig. 6.
  • the iirst pipe, 1, passes from the retort r downward and upward into the center of the iirst cistern w and ends beneath the center or solid part of the perforated plate B..
  • the next pipe, 2, passes from the first chamber P1 downward through the cistern w1 and upward through the bottom of the cistern wz, 4and ends beneath its plate R precisely like pipe 1 in cistern w1.
  • the other pipes, 3 and 4 are connected to the other chambers P3 P4 in a similar manner, as shown.
  • the last or exit pipe 5 passes from the chamber P* downward and upward, and ends in the bottom of a smaller metal dischargechamber, S, into which a smaller pipe; w, sets, having its bottom made ilaring and perforated, as shown in Fig. 7 which sits over the end of the pipe 5, the object to be presently explained.
  • the operation of the entire machine is as follows:
  • the water flows through the pipe F, and its power or weight is used bythe pumps C C to force air into the reservoir B.
  • a pressure of air is always had in-the top of the tank B, as hereinbefore described.
  • the water and. air then pass, by means of the pipes M N, into the bottom of the retort or generating chamber r, where the air will always, of course, rise to the top, while the water remains at the bottom 5 and the quantity will be so regulated by stopcocks, &c., that it will never rise above a certain limit, as indicated by the dotted lines in the chambers.
  • the water and air then acting on the phosphorus L generates phosphoric-acid gas,77 which contains a very large percentage ot' ozone in an impure state.
  • phosphoric-acid gas,77 which contains a very large percentage ot' ozone in an impure state.
  • it is then conducted, by the pipe l, downward through the water and upward into the first cistern wl, where it is thrown forcibly in globules against the plate It, and striking the solid portion in the center distributes itself and is thrown up through the perforations, and is carried in smaller globules into the glass-chamber P1, where it rises as a gas to the top above the water.
  • This action serves to partially purify it; but to make it thoroughly pure it is passed, in a similar manner, through the remaining three chambers, and finally emerges into the discharge-chamber S, but still mixed with the water, into the flaring end of the pipe fr.
  • the ozone then rises upward and passes out of this pipe, while the water and phosphoric acid are carried off through the perforations in the pipe x, and, rising to the top of the divisionplate J, are carried oft' by a waste-pipe or other device.
  • ozonegenerating machines utilizing the water used for washing and purifying to operate the pump or pumps, and thereby produce the air necessary to generate ozone in the retort, as hereinbefore fully explained.
  • the generating vessel or retort constructed with two walls-the outer, K, of metal and the' inner, r, of glasswthe space s between packed or luted with plaster of Paris or its equivalent, as and for the purpose hereinbefore speeied.-
  • the plate R for breaking the globules, and having the perforations for the escape of the gas constructed as and for the purpose specified.
  • the gasdischarge pipe constructed with the flaring mouth and perforated sides, and arranged over the pipe 57 in the manner and for the purpose specied.

Description

2 Sheets--Sheet1.
R. H ENEAG E.
Ozone Generators.
No. 136,512, l Patntedmarch4,1a7s.
AM. PHa rai/mnsRAPH/c co. Mx (assen/vel? Piraat-as) 69mm@ my 2 S'heets--Sheet 2.
R. HENEAGE.
Ozone Generators.
Patented March4,173.
,m Puarefumosmmcca. Mdpsanmvfpmcess) vUNITED STATES PATENT CFFICE. .l
ROBERT HENEAGE, or BUFFALO, Naw Youn.
IMPROVEMENT IN OZONE-GENERATORS.
Specification forming part of Letters Patent" NoA 136,512, dated March 4, 1873.
To all whom Iit may concern:
Buffa1o,in the county of Erie and State of New v York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements inA Ozone- Generators, of which the following is a specification:
This invention relates to devices for generating ozone, and consists in providing a selfacting machine, whereby the water used for washing is utilized to produce and force in the air necessary to the generation of the ozone in the retort. It further consists in the construction of the generating-chamber for its better protection; also, in the construction of the washing and purifying `vessels to more thoroughly accomplish the work. It furthermore consists in a double self-acting pump, which supplies both air and water by one operation, as hereinafter described.
In the drawing, Figure l is a sectional elevation of the whole machine. Fig. 2 is afront eleva-tion, part in section. Fig. 3 is a plan, showing the connection between the retorts, &c.; Figs. 4 and 5, detail views; Fig. 6, a plan of the perforated plate or diaphragm; Fig. 7, an enlarged view of the discharge-pipe.
A is a frame-work, in which is placed the air and water tank or reservoir B.v Secured to the top of this tank is a double-barreled pump, C G', supplied with plungers a a, whose rods b b are connected together by means 'of a rope or chain, c, which passes upward over a pulley, d, (see Fig.2,) so that one plunger in going down pulls the other up, and vice versa.. The tops of the pump-barrels are connected together by a shallow dish or cup, e, to prevent overow. Attached.v to the pump-barrels in front and just below the center are two pipes, D D,which lead downward into the bottom of the tank B, as shown. Just below these pipes, at the bottom of the pumps, are two smaller pipes, EE, whichralso lead into the bottom of the tank B; their use to be hereinafter explained. This arrangement is for the purpose of discharging both air and water into the tank, as both are important element-s in making ozone.
The construction and working of the double pump are as follows: Above the two pumpbarrels is a discharge-pipe, j, pivoted to a hanger, G, and attached. to the water-supply pipe F, which connects with a hydrant or reservoir. The discharge-pipe f is thus pivoted so that it will vibrate to throw the water into either pump-barrel desired. To accomplish this it has attached to it a double-forked lever or bar, g, whose ends inclose the piston-rods b b', and by means of lugs or catches h h on the rods, serve to throw the pipe f over from one pump to the other, thus changing the direc tion of the water from one barrclto the other every time the plungers rise and lower.
The operation is as follows: The water will run into one barrel from the pipe f until it is nearly full, when the weight of the water will cause the plunger to descend, and so draw the other up. When the plunger `has fallen far enough to pass the opening to the pipe D, or assume the position shown in Fig. 1, the water will run out into thetauk B. In the meautime the other plunger in rising has drawn the other barrel below the plungerfull of air, introduced through the air-valve pipe H, (see Figs. l and 5,) and when it has reached its highest limit the weight of water in the other barrel will reverse the pipe f, and cause the water to run into the other barrel, which, when it is full, will descend as the other did, forcing the air in the ybarrel beneath the plunger through the pipes into the tank, where the air will of course rise through the water to the top. When the second plunger rises-it also draws in its supply of air, which it also discharges when it descends, and so the action goes on.
The pipes D D and E E carry both air and water, forcing the air down f1rst,and then the water following by its own weight. The lat ter also carries oli' any water that might otherwise collect in the bottoms of the pumps, which, if allowed to stand or accumulate, would interfere with the workin g of the plungers. These plungers a a are of peculiar construction, and consist of a ring,`z`, somewhat smaller than the pump-barrel, and supplied with a series of holes, j j, and surrounded with a loose leather or rubber packing-piece, la, which is held at the top by a ring, l, and at the bottom by a disk, m, in which the rod bis secured. The water is allowed to pass through the perforationsj in the ring i, and thus expand the leather or rubber packing k, and thus keep it always full of water and packed tight; and the greater the pressure, and, con-,
sequently, the more need-of a secure packing, the tighter itwill hold. H is an air-pipe, in the top of which a valve is set, which consists merely of a sharp-edged valve-seat, upon which a spring-valve rests, and thus secures a tight joint witha very small amount of fric# tion. This supplies air to the pump-barrels. The area of the feed-pipe fis much smaller than pipe D, so that the latter will discharge much sooner, and thus prevent the possibility of one plunger descending before the other has discharged. The tank B is supplied with a siphon, I, which keeps the water in the tank always at the same level, as indicated by dotted lines a in Fig. 1, and so always leaves a space at the top for air, while at the same time no air can escape. Beneath the tank B is a division-plate, J, which forms the bottom of a glass retort or generating-chamber, which sets upon a rubber packing-ring, p, between two annular rings q q', (see Figs.1 and 3.) This retortis formed with an inner chamber of glass, o', having an outside metal wall or case, K, with a space, s, between it and the glass retort i', top and sides as well, which is n'lled inwith plaster of Paris, or its equivalent, to strengthen and protect the glass from accidents, Ste. In opposite sides of the case K are two openings, t, having sliding doors or covers to enable the operator to see the phosphorous sticks L (see Fig. 1) and ascertain whether the generation is progressing. The case or metal wall and filling are important features of my invention, as without them the glass retort is almost certain to break, and Vthus leave the phosphorus exposed, when it would immediately ignite. u u are two small pipes which enter the generating-chamber r through the bottom of the plate J, and which are connected to two other pipes, one of which, M, is connected to the bottom of the tank B for supplying water to the generating-chamber, while the other, N, connects with the top of the tank, and. thus supplies air to the retort. P1P2 P3 P4 are the four glass vessels or washing-chambers cemented between annular rings to the division-plate J, with a hole, v, leading into each vessel. Beneath each of these chambers is a metal cistern or vessel, w, in the center of which is a perforated plate or diaphragm R, having a portion of its center without perforations, as shown in Fig. 6.
1 2 3 4 5 are short tubes or pipes which connect the vessels P to with the generating-chamber. The iirst pipe, 1, passes from the retort r downward and upward into the center of the iirst cistern w and ends beneath the center or solid part of the perforated plate B.. The next pipe, 2, passes from the first chamber P1 downward through the cistern w1 and upward through the bottom of the cistern wz, 4and ends beneath its plate R precisely like pipe 1 in cistern w1. The other pipes, 3 and 4, are connected to the other chambers P3 P4 in a similar manner, as shown. The last or exit pipe 5 passes from the chamber P* downward and upward, and ends in the bottom of a smaller metal dischargechamber, S, into which a smaller pipe; w, sets, having its bottom made ilaring and perforated, as shown in Fig. 7 which sits over the end of the pipe 5, the object to be presently explained.
The operation of the entire machine is as follows: The water flows through the pipe F, and its power or weight is used bythe pumps C C to force air into the reservoir B. By this simple means a pressure of air is always had in-the top of the tank B, as hereinbefore described. The water and. air then pass, by means of the pipes M N, into the bottom of the retort or generating chamber r, where the air will always, of course, rise to the top, while the water remains at the bottom 5 and the quantity will be so regulated by stopcocks, &c., that it will never rise above a certain limit, as indicated by the dotted lines in the chambers. The water and air then acting on the phosphorus L generates phosphoric-acid gas,77 which contains a very large percentage ot' ozone in an impure state. To separate and purify it, it is then conducted, by the pipe l, downward through the water and upward into the first cistern wl, where it is thrown forcibly in globules against the plate It, and striking the solid portion in the center distributes itself and is thrown up through the perforations, and is carried in smaller globules into the glass-chamber P1, where it rises as a gas to the top above the water. This action serves to partially purify it; but to make it thoroughly pure it is passed, in a similar manner, through the remaining three chambers, and finally emerges into the discharge-chamber S, but still mixed with the water, into the flaring end of the pipe fr. The ozone then rises upward and passes out of this pipe, while the water and phosphoric acid are carried off through the perforations in the pipe x, and, rising to the top of the divisionplate J, are carried oft' by a waste-pipe or other device.
I do not claim the manner of generating ozone, but only my important improvements to supply the necessary amount of air and water to the generating-chamber, and the means whereby' the ozoneis thoroughly washed and puriied, more particularly using the water to produce the necessary air and making a self-acting machine. I do not claim producing ozone from phosphorus under pressure of water and air, as such is shown and described in the Letters Patent of P. A. Royce, dated September 12, 1871, No. 118,976.
Claims.
I claim as my invention- 1. In ozonegenerating machines, utilizing the water used for washing and purifying to operate the pump or pumps, and thereby produce the air necessary to generate ozone in the retort, as hereinbefore fully explained.
2. The generating vessel or retort constructed with two walls-the outer, K, of metal and the' inner, r, of glasswthe space s between packed or luted with plaster of Paris or its equivalent, as and for the purpose hereinbefore speeied.-
3. The construction of the purifying-vessels, consisting of the lower metallic chamber w having the perforated plate R and the upper glass-chamber?, separated by the divisionplate J with the connecting opening v, all arranged and operating in the manner and for the purpose hereinbefore specilied.
4. In the purifying-chambers, the plate R for breaking the globules, and having the perforations for the escape of the gas, constructed as and for the purpose specified.
5. In the discharge chamber S, the gasdischarge pipe constructed with the flaring mouth and perforated sides, and arranged over the pipe 57 in the manner and for the purpose specied. v
6. rIhe method of supplying Water to the tank by means of the self-acting double-barreled pump C Cf, the rods connected and Working over a pulley, d, the automatic vibrating feed-pipe f, and supply-pipe F, operated by the forked bar g and lugs h h', all arranged and operating as hereinbe't'ore specified.
7. The method of supplying air to the tank by means of the pumps C C', the air-valve pipe H, the Water-packed plungers a a, and pipes D E, all arranged and operating in the manner and for the purpose specified.
In Witness whereof I have hereunto signed my name in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.
ROBT. HENEAGE.
Witnesses:
J. R. BRAKE, C. N. WooDWARD.
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