US1364979A - Door opening and closing device - Google Patents

Description

BRUSH.

DOOR ()PENING AND CLOSING DEVICE.

APPLICATION FILED JUNE 23, 1919.

Patented Jan. 11, 1921.

2 SHEETS-SHEET I- F. F. BRUSH.

DOOR OPENING AND CLOSING. DEVICE.

APPLICATION mu) Juurn. 1919.

1,364,979. Patented Jan. 11,1921.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2- UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

FREDERICK F. BRUSH, 013 LOS ANGELES, CALIFORNIA, ASSIGNOR TO ELEVATOR SAFETY APIE'LIANCE COMPANY, A CORPORATION OF CALIFORNIA.

DOOR OPENING AND CLOSING- DEVICE.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Jan. 11, 1921.

Application filed June 23, 1919. Serial No. 306,229.

To all whom it may concern.

, Be it known that I, FREDERICK F. BRUSH, a citizen of the United States, residing at Los Angeles, in the county of Los Angeles and State of California, have invented a new and useful Door Opening and Closing Device, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to elevators, and more particularly to what are known as automatic elevators, that is to say, elevators which can be used in apartment houses and the like where no skilled operator can be provided, the elevator being operated by the users.

The object of the invention is to provide in an automatic elevator a power operated door opening and closing mechanism together with means for automatically controlling the same to suit the general opera; tion of the elevator. y y g v A further object of the invention is to provide various safety features to guard against malfunctioning of the door due to careless handling.

Further objects and advantages will be made evident hereinafter.

Referring to the drawings, which are for illustrative purposes only,

Figure 1 is a somewhat diagrammatic elevation of the apparatus employed; and,

Fig. 2 is a diagram ofconnections.

The apparatus shown in Fig. 1 consists of an elevator car 11 which is raised and lowered by suitable hoist mechanism 12 which is provided with an opening 13 closed by a safety barlt. The carll passing by various floors 15 also passes doorways each containing an elevator door 16, these doorways registering with the opening 13 when the car is level with the floor 15. The doors 16 are provided with suitable locking means (not shown) and are operated through a lever arm 17 which is pivoted on the building structure 18 and on the door at 19, being pro-v vided with an intermediate pin 20 which is so placed as to be engaged by jaws 21 carried in an elevator door operating mechanism 22 which is secured on and moves with the car 11. The operating mechanism 22 is provided with a motor having an armature 23 and a field 24.

For the purpose of controlling the above apparatus I provide car buttons 30 and door buttons 31, there being one car button for each floor and all of the buttons being placed together inside the car. There is also a door button 31 for each floor, these buttons being secured to the building structure close to the door which they correspond to.

I also provide floor relays 32, a selector 33, auxiliary relays 3 1 and 35, main motor reversers 36 and 37, adoor mechanism reverser 38, a time limit relay 39, a safety bar switch 10 and three relay switches hereinafter referred to as the opening limit switch 41, the closing limit switch 42 and the interlock 43. The floor relays 32 each consists of an operating coil 50 and a', pair of contacts 51 which are bridged by the relay when the coil 50 is energized. The selector 33 consists of interrupted segments 52 and 53 separated by a contact 5 1. Making contact with the segments 52 and 53 and the contact 54 is a series of brushes 55 which are so constructed that they are adapted to bridge the gap between the'contact 54k and the segment 52 or the segment 53 as the case maybe, these brushes being, however, so constructed that when any one of the brushes is centrally located with regard to the contact 54 that it entirely breaks contact with the segments 52 and 53. The selector 33 also comprises collector rings 56, 57 and 58 each engaged by its suitable brush. The auxiliary relays 34 and 35 each comprise a closing coil '60 and contacts 61 which are closed whenever vthe coil 60 is energized. The main motor reverser-s 36 and 37 comprise coils 62 and also com prise suitable contacts for' controlling the circuit to the motor located in the hoisting means 12 so that when the reverser 36 is energized the car is raised and when the reverser 37 is energized the car 11 is lowered.

The door mechanism reverser comprises a closing coil 70 and an opening coil 71,'these coils working on a central bar 72 which carries bridging members 73 and 74 adapted to close the circuit between contacts 75, '7 6, 77, 78, 79 and 80. This reverser also comprises an auxiliary coil 81 and comprises closing limit contacts 82 and opening limit contacts 83.

The time limit relay 39 comprises a coil 90 and contacts 91 and 92, the circuit between which is open by energizing the coil 90, a dash pot 93 being provided so constructed thatrthis circuit can be practically instantly opened, but which will be closed very slowly due to the dash pot.

The safety bar switch 40 comprises contacts 95 and 96, the contact 95 being connected to the positive side of the circuit when the bar is down and the contact 96 being connected to the positive side of the circuit when the bar is up. The limit switches 41,

42, and 43 form a portion of the door closing mechanism 22, being so placed that the switch 41 is open at the end of the opening movement of the door, the switch 42 is open at the end of the closing movement of the door, and the interlock 43 is closed just before the door completes its closing movement, being opened at the start of the opening movement of the door. Located in the car is an emergency button 97.

The method of connection and operation of the above described apparatus is as follows:

The buttons 30 and 31 are all connected to a common wire 100 which in turn is connected to the contact 95 thus energizing the wire 100 at all times that the bar is down. The door buttons and the car buttons are connected in pairs, the door button for any floor being connected to its corresponding car button and the junction of the two being connected to one of the coils 50 of the floor relays 32. The other terminal of this coil is connected to a common wire 101 which in turn is connected to the negative side of the circuit. As a result any one of the relays 32 can be operated by either a door button 31 or a car button 30. Each of the common junction wires to the buttons 30 and 31 is also connected to one of the contacts 51, the other contact 51 being connectedto one of the brushes 55. The contact 54 is connected to the ring 58; the segment 53 is connected to the ring 56; and the segment 52 is connected to the ring 57. The selector 33 is so connected to the hoisting means 12 that the contact 54 assumes a central position under one of the brushes 55 whenever the floor of the car 11 registers with the floor 15 corresponding to the brush 54.

In the event that the car is not at the floor so that the brush 55 corresponding to the relay 32, which has been actuated, is in contact, for example, with the segment 53, the actuation-of the relay energizes the segment 53 and the collector ring 56 thus energizing the coil 60 or the auxiliary relay 34 through the emergency button 97 and through the auxiliary coil 81. It will be noted that the coil 60 and the coil 81 are then in series with the coil 50, current flowing from the negative side of the circuit to the wire 101 and through these coils 50, 34 and 81 in order. This provides a holding circuit for all three of these coils which per sists after the button has been released by the operator. The relay 34 in turn energizes one side of the coil 62 of the main motor reverser 36, the other side of the coil being connected through a wire 103 through the interlock 43 and from thence through a wire 104 to the contact 95.

It will be noted that in the event, therefore, that a button is pushed for the purpose of calling the car to any floor that the car starts toward that floor thus actuating the selector 33 which turns into such a position that the brush 55 corresponding to that floor makes contact with the contact 54 just before it breaks contact with the segment 53.

Whenever contact is made between the contact 54 and any of the brushes 55 the collector ring 58 is energized and current is thrown on the opening coil 71 of the door mechanism reverser 38 thus pulling the contacts of that reverser to the right, the circuit through the coil 71 being broken by the opening limit contacts 83 at the close of the stroke. This can occur either when thecar has reached the floor or in the event that the operator operates the door button at the floor at which the car stands, the only difference being that in the event that the caris at the floor the reverser 38 is immediately actuated, whereas if the car has to be called to the floor the reverser 38 is not actuated until the selector 33 arrives at the proper position to make contact between the contact 54 and the proper brush 55.

As soon as the car reaches the floor to which it has been called circuit is first made between the contacts 54 and 55 as has just been explained, the circuit. between the brush 55 and the segment 53 being immediately thereafter broken. The breaking of the circuit between the brush 55 and the segment 53 deenergizes the collector ring 56, cutting current 011' from the auxiliary relay 34 and allowing it to drop thus opening the circuit to the main motor reverser 36 and stopping the elevator. The circuit is also cut oil fromthe auxiliary coil 81 of the door mechanism reverser 38 so that upon closing the. circuit through the coil 71 the reverser is free to act as has been explained above.

The operation of the reverser 38 opens the opening limit contacts 83 thus opening the circuit through the coil 71 and through the floor relays 32, allowing the floor relay to drop and restoring the entire circuit with the exception of the reverser 38 to its open position. The operation of the reverser 38 closes the circuit between the contacts 76 and 77 and between the contacts 7 9 and 80. The contact 80 is connected to the positive side of the circuit through the opening limit switch 41, the contact 79 being connected to the armature 23 which in turn is connected to the contact 76, this contact being bridged to the contact 77 which is connected to the field 24, the other side of which is connected to the negative side of the circuit. The operation of the door mechanism reverser 38 to the right therefore starts the motor of thedoor operating mechanism22 in the proper direction to open the door, the jaws 21 engaging the pin 20 and throwing the door from left to right in the position shown in Fig. 1, opening the door to allow ingress to the car 11.

The door operating mechanism, however, at the end of its opening travel opens the opening limit switch 41 thus opening the circuit to the armature 23 and shutting down the motor. To enter the car it is now necessary for the user to lift the safety bar 14 thus connecting the contact 96 to the positive side of the circuit and actuating the time limit relay 36 to open the circuit between the contacts 91 and 92. The raising of the bar also energizes the closing coil of the reverser 38 and pulling the reverser from right to left, the circuit through the coil 70 being however opened at the end of the stroke due to the opening limit contacts 82. The operation of the reverser 38 makes the proper connections to run the armature 23 in the opposite direc tion as will be evident from an inspection of the drawing, but due to the fact that there is no circuit between the contacts 91 and 92 of the time limit relay 39, the armature does not start immediately, its motion being prevented during the entire time that the bar 14 is raised and during an additional time determined by the characteristics of the dash pot 93. As soon as this dash pot 93 has allowed the relay 39 to resume its initial position circuit is com pleted through the closing limit switch 42 and the contacts 91 and 92, thus allowing the armature to turn in the proper direction to close the door 16. As soon as this door is closed the closing limit switch 42 opens thus opening the circuit through the armature 23 and stopping the door closing mechanism.

The operator now selects the floor to which he desires to go by pushing the proper car button 30. This car button of course corresponds to a brush 55 which is on the contact 54 and the car behaves exactly as it would if someone had called the car by means of the door button, as has been explained, the car moving to the proper floor and the door opening as has been previously explained. If the user now raises the safety bar and leaves the car the door will close as has been explained.

In the event that the operator on entering the car pushes the button corresponding to the floor at which the car is then located he energizes the reverse-r 38 and opens the door through the contact 54. This operation is for use when, having entered the car and closed the door, the operator should desire to get off again at the same floor. The auxiliary coil 81 has, however, an additional function which is this, that in the event that the door is left open for any reason and it is desired to call the car nvay from that floor, upon pushing the door button corresponding to the other floor, the coil 81 is energized through the auxiliary relays 34 and 35 and the floor relay 32, thus pulling the door mechanism reverser 38 into the closing position as the initial movement of the sequence. The door will therefore close before the car leaves the floor. Similarly, in case the operator arriving at a floor and the door being opened, desires to go to another floor without leaving the car, the functioning of any other floor button would energize the coil 81 so as to cause the door to close and follow with the proper sequences.

I claim as my invention 1. In an elevator, a car moving in a hatchway, a door closing a doorway into said hatchway, power actuated mechanism for opening and closing said door, a safety bar closing an opening into said car, said opening registering with said doorway, means for actuating said mechanism to open said door whenever said opening comes into registering relationship with said doorway, 9

and means by which the actuation of said safety bar closes said door.

2. In an elevator, a car moving in a hatchway, a door closing a doorway into. said hatchway, power actuated mechanism for opening and closing said door, a safety bar closing an opening into said car, said opening registering with said doorway, means for actuating said mechanism to open said door whenever said opening comes into registering relationship with said doorway, andmeans by which the raising and lowering of said safety bar closes said door.

3; In an elevator, a car moving in a hatchway, a door closing a doorway into said hatchway, power actuated mechanism for opening and closing said door, a safety bar closing an opening into said car, said opening registering with said doorway, means for actuating said mechanism to open said door whenever said opening comes into registering relationship with said doorway, control mechanism for causing said mechanism to close said door, means by which the raising of said safety bar sets said control mechanism, and means by which the lowering of said safety bar actuates said control mechanism.

4. In an elevator, a car moving in a hatchway, a door closing a doorway into said hatchway, power actuated mechanism for opening and closing said door, a safety bar closing an opening into said car, said opening registering with said doorway, means for actuating said mechanism to open said door whenever said opening comes into registering relationship with said doorway, control mechanism for causing said mecha nism to close said door, means by which the raising of said safety bar sets said control mechanism, and means by which the lowering oi said safety bar actuates said control mechanism, said last named means including a time element device setto delay the closing of the door for a certain time interval after said bar is lowered.-

5. In an elevator having a car moving in a hatchway, a door closing a doorway into said hatchway, power actuated door operating mechanism, a selector actuated in synchronism with said car, and contacts on sald selector adapted to connect said door operating mechanism to either open or close said door depending on the position of said car.

6. In an elevator having a car moving in a hatchway, a door closing a doorway into said hatchway, power actuated door operating mechanism, a selector actuated in synchronism with said car, a plurality of wires leading to said selector each wire corre sponding to a floor served by said elevator, means on said selector by which a current in one of said wires actuates said door operating mechanism to open said door, and means on said selector by which a current in any other said wire will close said door.

In testimon whereof I have hereunto set my hand at os Angeles, California, this 17th day of June 1919. v

resonator; r. BRUSH.

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