US1357034A

US1357034A - Electric-light fixture

Info

Publication number: US1357034A
Authority: US
Inventors: Humy Fernand E D
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1918-11-29
Filing date: 1918-11-29
Publication date: 1920-10-26
Anticipated expiration: 1937-10-26

Description

F. E. DHUMY.

ELECTRIC LIGHT FIXTURE.

APPLICATION FILED NOV. 29, 1918.

1,357,034. Patented, Oct. 26,1920.

2 SHEETSSHEET I.

ATTORNEY;

F. E. DHU MYP ELECTRIC LIGHT FIXTURE.

APPLICATION FILED NOV. 29, I9I8.

Patented Oct. 26, 1920.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

' the brilliancy of the rays and the reflecting.

UNITED STATES.

- FERNAND E. DHuMY, or EneLnwoon, NEW JERSEY;

ELECTRIC-LIGHT FIXTURE.

Specification of Letters Patent. Patented Oct, 26, 1920,

Application filed. November 29, 1918. Serial No. 264,609.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, F ERNAND E. DHUMY, a citizen of the United States, and a resident of Englewood, county of Bergen, and State of New Jersey, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Electric- Liglit Fixtures, of which the following is a specification.

The modern electric incandescent lamp emits a light of intense brilliancy and unless its rays are well difl'us'ed, a glare from any object on which the flux impinges, reduces the visible acuity of the object to a value below that obtained if the glare is largely reduced. As glare is dependent upon both property of the surface on which they "impinge, it follows, that the value of glare may be modified by either a change in brillianoy of the lifght or, a change in the reflecting qualities 0 the obj ect lighted.

If maximum acuity of vision is to be obtained, it, therefore, follows that when electrio lights are used for artificial illumination .the flux should be well diffused. This is usually accomplished by shielding the light by translucent bowls or by reflecting it upon the ceiling as in indirect or semi-indi-' upon an object on which'work is being per-,.

formed.

The object of this inventionis to provide an electric light reflector which does not permit direct rays of light to impinge upon the object lighted, but projects the light evenly over a non-glazed reflecting =surface upon which the rays are bent and projected in the desired direction in a highly diffused state.

Another object of the invention is to provide a light flux projected from a large, luminous, non-glazed area of moderate brillian'cy. i

For ordinary purposes it is preferred to use a white reflecting v surface. The color values of the reflected light may be made to suit any particular need by selecting any suitable color of reflecting surface.

Another object of the invention is to provide an electric light fixture of the kind herein .indicated, which is particularly adapted for use as a shop light, and by means of which the highly diflused light flux may be directed upon the object being worked upon.

In the drawings, Figure l is a longitudipal, vert1cal, sectional view of the light fix.-

ure;

Fig. 2 a transverse sectional view on the line II-II of Fig. 1;

Fig. 3 a longitudinal vertical sectional Zuew of a. slightly modified form of the fix- -ure;

Fig. 4 a longitudinal, vertical sectional view showing two of the fixtures illustrated in Fig. 3, combined to give a large luminous area.

Fig. 5 is a longitudinal, vertical sectional view of another slightly modified form of the device; and I Fig. 6 is a transverse sectional view taken on the line VI-VI ofFig. 5. I

Referring to the various parts by numerals, l designates a parabolic reflector'of any improved construction, in which is properly located an incandescent electric light bulb 2. The. reflector 1 is suitably supported in a casing are the forward end of which is secured a closed frame or box 4, which'is-rectangular in transverse section, and which is provided with an 'angularly disposed reflecting plate 5, which extends from the up per inner end of the frame 4: to the lower outer end thereof. As illustrated in Fig. 1,

this reflecting surface is at an angle of 4:5

with respect to the longitudinal center line of the light fixture. It will be understood,

however, that this angle may be varied to secure the desired direction of deflection. The reflecting surface is preferably white and non-glazed. The lower end of the box 1 or frame 4 may be closed, preferably by a transparent plate 6, said plate being of ordinary glass or any other suitable clear, transparent material. The reflectingsurface 5 is so disposed that lightrays from the reflector 1 will be projected downwardly through the transparent plate 6; and the purpose of us ing a non-glazed surface is to break up the light rays into a higlily diffused flux. As shown in the drawings, the frame or box lis formed with closed sides 7 to prevent any lateral diffusion of light. This is not essential, however, and these sides may be omitted if desired. v

When the electric light bulb is arranged as shown in Fig. 1, I provide thin, horizontal transversely extending plates 8, to intercept the direct light rays from the light and prelie-Ll vent them passing directly through the transparent plate 6. These plates 8 are disposed preferably near the forward edge of the parabolic reflector, and' are so disposed with relation to each other that they do not interfere with the passage of the rays projected from the reflector, their purpose being merely to intercept the direct light rays as described. .\s many of these plates as are found necessary may be usedyand they are placed as far apart as possible, without permitting direct rays to pass through the transparent plate 6. It is obvious that the plates may be made of extremely thin material, and that they must be placed parallel with the rays projected from the reflector.

In Fig. 3 is illustrated a form of fixture in which the reflecting surface is at an angle less than 45". In this form of the device the reflecting surface is stepped to provide a series of reflecting surfaces 9, each of which is disposed at an angle of 4:5 with respect to the rays projected from the parabolic reflector. It is manifest that the reflecting sur face of the steps may be at any desired angle, and the invention is not limited in this respect. The purpose of this construction is to provide a long reflecting surface, without increasing the height of the fixture, while at the same time preserving all of the advantages of a fixture having a reflecting surface at a 45 angle, as illustrated in Fig. 1.

The reflecting surface 5 is preferably white, but it is manifest that it may be of any suitable color. It is also manifest that a color screen may be used in order to screen the rays before they reach the reflecting surface 5.

The supporting casing 3 is preferably provided with a suspending fixture 11. When the larger form of fixtures illustrated in Fig. 3 is used, a suspending device 12 may be secured thereto. The glass plate 6 may be detachably secured in place by means of a spring clip 13. The purpose of the plate 6 is to protect the interior of the fixture and to prevent the accumulation of dirt and dust therein. It is manifest that the plate 6 may be withdrawn from the frame forcleaning purposes.

In Fig. 4: is illustrated a long, light fixture composed of two reflectors and deflector plates arranged end to end.

In Fig. 5 a modified form of the device is illustrated, in which the electric light bulb 2 is located substantially in the same plane with the transparent plate 6, so that the direct rays from the light will be directed upwardly to the reflecting surface and can not pass directly through the transparent plate. In this form of the device the deflecting plate is stepped to place the short deflecting surfaces 14 at an angle with re spect to the rays projected from the reflector,

in order to direct the flux straight down-- wardly through the transparent plate 6 In this form of the device the reflecting surfaces are arranged in a plane substantially parallel with the plane of the plate 6 instead of being disposed at an angle with respect to said plate, as shown in Figs. 1 and 3. By placing the electric light bulb in the same horizontal. plane as the plate 6 the shield plates 8 may be dispensed with.

It is clear that by. providing a reflecting surface of the desired-color, light rays having a certain color Value may be absorbed so that the reflected light will have a color value made up only of the reflected rays. In this way the rays having color values that are not desired in the reflected light may be absorbed in the reflector. By selecting a reflector of the proper color, the reflected light may be made to closely approach daylight in color value, or it may have any other desired color value.

From the foregoing it is manifest that I provide a light fixture which will project the light flux downwardly upon the work; and that the flux will be thoroughly diffused and devoid of distinct light rays.

What I claim is:

1. An indirect lighting fixture comprising a casing having an opening in the bottom thereof and a top wall inclined downwardly toward one end of the casing, an electric lamp in one end of-the casing, a parabolical reflector for projecting the rays. emitted by said lamp toward the other end of the casing in paths parallel with the plane of the bottom opening, the top wall of the casing having a colored unglazed under side and being stepped to form a plurality of flat unglazed and colored ray-deflecting and modifying surfaces at different distances from the lamp lyingat right angles to the paths of the light rays and the plane of the bottom opening, and a plurality of fiat horizontal plates supported in the casing between the lamp and the adjacent edge of the bottom opening for preventing the passage of direct rays from the lamp through said opening.

2. An indirect lighting fixture comprising a casing having an opening in the bottom thereof, a source of light in the casing at one side of the bottom opening, an unglazed reflecting surface in the casing inclined at a right angle to the plane of the bottom opening and having its lower edge terminating adjacent the side of said opening opposite the source of light, a parabolical reflector for directing rays emitted by the source of light uponsaid unglazed reflecting surface in paths at right angles to the plane of said surface and parallel with the plane of the bottom opening, and a series of superposed parallel horizontally disposed plates supported in the casing between the source of light and the adjacent edge of the bottom ,tric lamp in one end of the casing, and a parabolical reflector for projecting the rays emitted by said lamp toward the other end of the casing in paths parallel with the plane of the bottom opening, the top wall of the casing being stepped to form a plurality of flat colored and unglazed ray-deflecting surfaces at different distances from the lamp lying at right angles to the paths of the light rays and the plane of' the bottom opening of the casing.

4:. An indirect lighting fixture comprising a casing having an opening at one side thereof, a source of light in the casing at one side of the opening, and a parabolical reflector mounted in the casing to project the rays emitted by the source of light along parallel paths-against the wall of the casing opposite the reflector and source of light, said ray-receiving wall of the casing extending from one edge of the reflector to the edge of the opening opposite that at which the source of light is located and being stepped to form a plurality of flat reflecting surfaces at different distances from the source of light, said reflecting surfaces being unglazed and collectively extendmg across the entire field of the projected rays at a uniform angle to the paths of said rays.

5. Indirect illuminating means comprising a source of light, a parabolical reflector for projecting the rays emitted by the source of light in a flux made up of uni-directional rays, and a re-directing and light-modifying plate supported in fixed relation to the reflector across the path of the projected rays, said plate being stepped to form a plurality of flat reflecting surfaces at different distances from the source of light lying at a uniform angle to the path of the projected rays and collectively adapted to intercept the entire projected flux of rays, the reflecting surfaces of said plate being colored and unglazed.

In testimony whereof I hereunto aflix my signature.

FERNAND E. DHUMY.