US1350321A

US1350321A - Rail-anchor

Info

Publication number: US1350321A
Application number: US338521A
Authority: US
Inventors: Lundie John
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1919-11-17
Filing date: 1919-11-17
Publication date: 1920-08-24
Anticipated expiration: 1937-08-24

Description

JOI-IN LUNDIE, OF NEW YORK, N. Y.

i i l Vn; im-ANCHOR...

Speciiation of Letters Patent. Patented Aug, 24:, 19270.

Application filed November 1.7, 1919. Serial No. 338,521.

To all whom t may concern:

Be it known that I, .loi-IN LUNDIE, a citi- 'ze'n of the United States, residing at New York, N. Y., have invented certain jnew and useful Improvements in Rail-Anchors, of which the following a specification.

This invention relates to improvements in anchors for the prevention of creeping of railroad rails.'

The idea has hitherto been prevalent that a rail anchor must not only grip the rail but must abut against the ti'e. As a matter of fact, unless a tie is well supported by ballast on the side opposite to that onv which the rail anchor abuts, there isa tendency to displace such 'a tie, this tendency increasing in proportion to a decreasing resistance. 1t is true that one anchor may be placed to resist creeping` in one direction while another is placed so as to resist creepingin the opposite direction, and thus one yof these two anchors is inoperative vwhile the other is resisting creeping in a given direction. Y f

One of the objects ofthe present 4invention, at least in its preferred form, is to provide a rail anchor which will resist the creeping of the rail in both directions. Another object of theA invention is to' provide a simple, practical and efficient rail anchor, for laccomplishing some orrall of the objects which appear herein, or other`v objects which may not be specifically stated but which wili become apparent to skilled engineers in the art from the practical use of the invention.

These being among the preferred objects ofthe invention, the same consists of certain features 'of construction to be hereinafter specifically described and then vclaimed with reference to a preferred embodiment of the invention illustrated in the accompanying drawings, in which,

Figure lis a transverse section of a r'ailroad rail showing the present improved anchor applied thereto;

Fig, 2 is a transverse section on the line 2 2, Fig. 1; and Y Fig. 3 is a sectionon the line'3-,-3, Fig. l, showing the improved .rail anchor vin use, that is to say, the 'ties and ballast are conventionally represented .to attain that end.

Referring vto the drawings, the rail` a'nchor preferably comprisestw'o anchor members 10, l1, and tllee members are preferfor a purpose to be hereinafter stated.

ably similar to each other so as to form twin :i i

members, thereby constituting a duplex anvfchor as it were. Inasmuch as whentwo of the anchor members are preferably employed, one of them will act similarly to the other, and hence a'description of one member will. apply equally to the other, the presient specic description of parts vwill be con- Vlined toK a single member.

Anchor member 1 0 or lllcomprises a web 'or blade-like portion 12,1 which is offco'nsiderable height and width as clearly shown in Fig.V 1, but each is comparatively thin as is apparent from the other figures.V Preferably each web orblade-like portion 12 upwardly from the outer edge of the, web or blade 12. l Y

l 'Preferably this neck 14 merges into an `inwardly extending j afw 15 which overhanO's V`the web or blade 12. The inner end of te jaw 15 is preferably formed of a somewhat splieroidal shape or in the shape of an oblate spheroid, so as to provide a s'pheroidal rail engaging or bearing vsurfac`e16. The vcurvature ofthe surface 16 is in a direction transverseof therail, but theshape of the under ,surface of the engaging end of the'- the 4spheroid surface of the 'jaw 15 and the Acurved surface ofthe jaw 19 iscompounded with the `curve of the curvedsurface 18, so

vthat in thel preferred embodiment of the .invention lcomplementary curved surfaces are provided for the jaws N15 and 19, All" of the above described parts are in one verltical plane. i

The web or blade-like portion12 is preferably formed with a recess o r depression A in Vuo one face thereof which extends from a :line

theopposite edge thereof. Inasmuchr asthe 4anchor member .10 or 11 is preferably .adjacent the outeredge ofthe portion y12 `to y 70 will have an upper and, preferably, outwardly slantin'gedge 13. Preferably also member 10`or11 isp'rovidedwith a neck 14 which is offsetfrom the edge 13 and extends `pose to be described.

n planesof the anchor.

between the engaging and bearing surfaces desirable to provide means for reinforcing the same. To this en dthe web or blade-likeV portion 12 is provided with substantially parallel reinforcing

ribs

21, 22, which extend vertically from the lower edge of the portion 12 through a considerable distance of the height of the vsaid portion 12, and

these ribs are formed on oppositesides of the portion 12 near the outer edge thereof along hnes where possibly greaterv stresses vmay have to be takenl up by said portion 12.

Also substantially parallel horizontal reinforcing ribs 23, V2&1 extend alongthat face of the portion 12 which ,is provided with the vertical rib 22, said ribs 23 24 commencing at the rib 22 and terminating at the inner *edgev of the portion 12.

At a place intermediate of the ribs 23, 24 the web or blade-like portion 12is provided with a slot or aperture -25 which extends horizontally of the portion A12 in substantial parallelismv with the horizontal ribs 23, 24. The material around the aperture 25 is preferably reinforced as byy bosses 31, to also provide raised seatsV for the washers of thereonnecting bolt which is to pass throughsaid aperture. Above the aperture 25 the web or blade-like portion 12 is provided with a bore or hole 28 vwhich extends horizontally thereof, preferably at a point not much below the jaws 15 and 19. This ho1e28 is for the purpose ofreceiving a bolt, and it extends 'transversely of the vdirection in which the aperture 25 extends through the thickness of the web or blade-like portion 12, for pur Preferably the described featuresrof each lanchor member are embodied in an` integral structure, somewhat in the natureof a more or less flattened, specially constructed metal f plate, except that where connecting, bearing or engaging surfaces are formed the poritions of the anchor member at these parts is preferably thicker than the remainder. It

ywill be observed that under the preferred ,construction of the invention, thespheroidal aws 15 andv 19 are provided with rail engag- Aing or bearing faces which are rounded transversely, such engaging` surfaces being lsemielhptical 1n cross-section, and being arranged vcomplementary to each other, thus providing a symmetrical relationship between the rail engaging andbearing surfaces of theV two jaws of each anchor member, and providing a mmlmum` area of contact in all vertical The gap or mouth ofthe jaws 15and 19 is so proportioned that rail anchor member. Suchbcing the case, the opposite curved or rounded surfaces of the jaws 15 and 19 will gradually diverge fromjeach other in opposite directions away from the central vertical plane or cross-section of the transverse gap or mouth between thejaws for a purpose to be hereinafter stated. j

Although one of the described anchor members or its equivalent may engage with the base of the rail at one point along the line of the rail, while another anchor member such as described may engage the rail at another point' along its length, it is pref ferred to assemble tw,o anchor members, so as to provide a twin or duplex anchor to engage the rail at the opposite flanges of its base. To this end the anchor members are mated, that is to say, the recesses or depressions 20, if they are formedin said members, are caused yto face each other by first overlapping the two anchor members so i that the jaws of each member will be placed 1 in opposition to the other, ythat is, so that Y the mouths or gaps between themwill open toward each other, or at least with the members so overlapped that the jaws will extend as statedgthe overlapping portions of the webs or blades 12 are placedin contact with each other so as to register the aperture 25 in one anchor member with that in the other. vA bolt 2Gris then passed throughlthe regis tering apertures 25, 25 and a nut 27 is engaged with the threaded end of the said bolt, and the nut tightened up sufiiciently to hold the two members together. Likewise a bolt 29 is passed through the registered

holes

28, 28 in the two anchor members, and a nut 30 tuined onto the threaded ,end of said bolt.. It will be seen that in the preferred Vembodiment of the invention the boltv 26, v

passingvonly through the thickness of the anchor, will be much shorter than the bolt 29, and that the two bolts will be disposed substantially at right angles to each other, for the preferred method of tightening the anchor and holding it on the rail. When anchor members of the described construction are placed together, it will be seen that the Adepressions or recesses 20 in each member Awill receive the web, or'blade ,of the other member, when the bolt 26 is sufliciently tightened, and that thus the longitudinal axisof u'the bolt 29 will extend in a plane which intersects the preferably shorter bolt 26 at about its mid-length. Y

Preferably the described anchor is so constructed as to engage with the opposite side flanges of the rail base, and such a rail anchor being .provided with the parts assembled by means of the bolt 26, it is but r`necessary in applying theanchor tothe rail to move the blades or webs 12alongeach Yother and to preliminarily engage the jaws e of the two members with the opposite izo Y lio nectar-,aai

flanges. Before this preliminaryadju'stnient to the rail takes place it will, ofcourse, be necessary to remove some of the ballast between the ties so that the anchorbe positionedy properly. When the anchor has been applied to .the base by adjusting it through the i'i'ie'di'un'iof the b'olt 26,if left free, gravity will hold it in a vertical plane intersecting tlie rail R at right angles. This may be assumed to be the normal position of the anchor on the rail except that the ain,-

chor has not as yet been tightened upto the rail. 130113,29 is now inserted through the alin'ed holes 28, 2Sv and the nut secured thereon, `the nut being tightened yup suincieiitly so as yto move the jaws of thetwo members of thel anchor towardveach other,` and to cause them to bite more or less upon' the base fianges of theiail. Preferably the position of the anchor will be such asto be free of theties; I around the anchor and is well packed vopposite the blades and intheline of the *rails between succeeding ties.

within proper -limits diie tothe creeping.` of therail. V" 'i The rail anchor of the preferred construction will consist of two identicalor similar parts so designed vthat they will not only in; tei-act iii ,Of'rippingT a rail tightly, but `what is more ii'iiportant, will interact so that" the resistance torail creeping-.will be offered by both parts ofthe anchor at'the same time. J It will be seen that whenfthe rail tends to' creep,l Y

the gii'ipof thej tightens gradually in accordan-ce with the increasedcreep of rail, and inasmuch as the bearingand gripping sur faces of the jaws formed preferably as j last, present interacting resisting surfaces te the ballast, which resistanceV j )asse's through the 'ties to the adjacent ballast. The anchor 'pai-takes Vof Van angular movementfin bothY directions of the creep ofthe rail,I and the reverse, symmetrically disposed, curved surf.`

faces of the jaws rolling,`as itwere, onthe opposite surfaces of the base flangesof `the rail establish va forcer couiple, which acts the Igreater the more the anchor is tipped from its normal vertical plane', whichhas been ex,- plained to be that fplanefwhich Vthe anchor woiild'be caused tojtakelbyfgravity when left` free toy hang on' the railfandibefore Mthe vanchor is tightened up and the ballast replaced. As the transverse gaps or mouths' Ballast is 'now' placed .in

, Y The ballast: will, of course, so hold the anchor that itea'n yield betweenthe jaws are defined by 'curved sur'- faees which arepreferably'of semi-elliptic erossfisection, and as lthe said surfaces nare symmetrically outward from thev central verticalv plane of the anchor, it is apparent that whenthe rail gradually creeps in one or the other direction, the aiichor is Vgradually tipped through anever increasing angle, and

thevgreater the extent of creep the greater the angle, so thatthe curved jaw surfaces tend to pinch upon the base flanges withr ever increasing' tenacity.

The, described inventionl isobviously susceptibli-i.` ofv al wide l"range ofmodification, rwhether or not a single anchor member is used by itself or two members are assembled for mutual interaction, and itis clearthat the'two members when assembled `may be"as semble'd yby different means and in different ways, and that they may be differently constructed, vall .without departing from the spirit and scope"y f the invention as expressed in the claimsx` Y Y i That I claim as new :A

' 1. A rail anchor,comprising, in combination, means "for gripjii-ng the rail Vin either t direction of its creep,"and anchorage 'means creep of therailto overcome' the resistance ofthe ballast, the entirefaiichor is rocked and Asaid gripping means is caused to automatically tighten its grip on the rail.

A rail anchor, previdedwith means for automatically grippingthe rail, the influencent the creep of the rail in either direction, ysaid anchor comprising two substantially 'identical ballast-engaging inembers. a i, .a

A"r ail anchor, ,provided with means fory automatically gripping the rail, by the influenceof ith-e creep of the rail in either direction, Vsaid anchorjcomprising twin ballast-engaging blades. j, y i

`4i. A rail anchor, provided with `means for automatically gripping th'e'i'ail, bythe influence of the; creepfofthe'v rail,`said aneher` comprising twin, oyerIapP'iiig, roadbedfrcxiigagingblades.` v .j y Y l l 5. rail anchor, proyided with means for automatically gripping the lra il,fby the ioidfiigraifi-bas@ nipping jaws. ,t .e u 6. A, rail anchor, comjirising vspheroidal jaws for gripping the opposite side fiange's of the rail-base with a minimum area of Vtherefor for engagement only with thebalf' last, whereby, owing to the tendency of the "infiuence', the creep ot the rail,v said `an- Chor comprising'two substantially identical'` roadbed'- engaging -members havingfsphe contact in all vertical planes ofthe anchor,-

and means for tightening', the gripfby ``the action of the creep of the iai1the contact points of sai-d jaws being located substantiallyinthejyertical plane of ysaid meaii`s.`, e

"7.l A rail anchor, comprising means for gripping the Opposite side flanges of the age inthe ballast. l Y

9. A rail anchor', comprising spheroidal l jaws for engagingthe rail, and bridging meansextended for a considerable distance downwardly with respect to saidjaws for obtaining a substantial depth of anchorage.'

inuthe ballast. Y v

10. A rail anchor', having spheroidal jaws, arranged in substantially symmetrical relationship, for gripping o'ppositefianges of the rail-base.

11. A rail i anchor,` comprising substantially identical membersi:`orinedA for engagement-with the opposite flanges of therailbase, the, lower portions of said members being arranged to press `upon each other when the railcreeps in either direction. i

12. A rail anchor, comprising similar members, for embedment in the ballast outv of contact with the ties, and having f railbase gripping portions, said members being mutually opposed in the direction of the creep of the rail to obtain interaction of said members in either direction, and'each of said members being at least substantially 'as wideas the rail, so as to extend for a substantial `distance under the rail, and means forclutching and securing Vsaid gripping portions upon the rail. i. f

c 13. A rail anchor, comprising mutually opposed, similar, plate-members, for embedment in the ballast, having rail-base gripping portions,`and being placed ilatwise against each other so as to overlap, said plate-members being separable transversely thereof, and means for clutching and ,securing said gripping portions upon the rail.

14:.- A vrailv anchor, 5 comprising similar members, for embedment in.v the ballast out of contact with the ties, andhaving railbase gripping portions, and said members beingmutually opposed inthe direction of the creep ofthe rail to obtain interaction of-,said members in eitherrdirectioina fastening connectingthe lower endsof said members and permitting the transverse separation of said members, and means for clutchingy and securing said gripping portions upon the rail.

v15. A rail anchor, vcomprising similar and for biting upon the rail.

plate-members forvembedment in the ballast forbiting uponV the rail, said members overlapping one another. Y n n V17. A rail anchor, comprising ,similar members for einbedmeiit in the ballast and for biting upon the rail, said members overlapping one another, and being positively connected together at two points of each of them. l A Y l Y 18. A rail anchor, oomprising mutually opposed members, each of which is at least substantially as wide as the rail,'said members having rail-baseA gripping jaws, and being materially extended below the jaws and overlapping each other for a substantial yportion of their area in a plane vat approximately right angles to the rail.

'19. A rail anchor, comprising twin vrailbase gripping members, having road-bed engagingY portions, free `Jfrom engagementV with theties, and arranged. to mutually interact and'bear one upon the other.

, 2O.V A rail anchor, comprising twin rail- VV,base gripping members, Y having kopposed rail'land the ballast, means forholdingthem i lin assci'nbledy `using position, and additional meansfor iixingvthem ltion u on the rail.

23. n a rail anchor, 1n combination, a

invaifclarnping. posipair of substantially identical blade-likeV members for conjointlyV engaging the rail and the ballast, means for holding theml in -assembled using position, and additional means for fixing them'lin a clam-ping position yu on the rail. f Y 1 24. n Va, rail anchor, in combination, a pair of members for. conjointly engaging the rail andL fthe'ballast, means for adjustably holding them in assembled using position, and additional means Vfor iixing them in a clamping position upon the rail.

25.y In a rail anchor, `in combination, a

4pair of members forconjointly engaging the railand the ballast, ymeans for holding them in assembled using position, and additional means for fixing them in a clamping positionupon the. rail, the combined means'comprising bolts arranging in angular lrelation with respect to each other.I

26. Inv a rail anchor, vanintegral member having spheroidal jaws,'arranged infsubstantial symmetry to lengage the rail-said member being of blade or plate-form of considerable. breadth. and height beneath said jaws and disposed inV approximately the plane of the Contact surfaces of said jaws transversely of the rail.

27. In a rail anchor, a member comprising means to engage the rail and means to engage the roadbed, said member having boltholes arranged one above the other in angular relation. n

28. In a rail anchor, a member comprising means to engage the rail and means to engage Jche roadbed, said member having bolt-holes rarranged one above the other in angular relation, the upper hole being considerably longer than the'lower one.

29. A rail holding member of a rail 15 anchor, conslsting of an elongated and rela JOHN LUNDIE.