US1349345A

US1349345A - Firearm

Info

Publication number: US1349345A
Application number: US297282A
Authority: US
Inventors: Oscar V Payne
Original assignee: AUTO ORDNANCE CORP
Current assignee: AUTO ORDNANCE CORP; AUTO-ORDNANCE Corp
Priority date: 1919-05-15
Filing date: 1919-05-15
Publication date: 1920-08-10
Anticipated expiration: 1937-08-10
Also published as: FR500860A; GB148023A; NL11389C

Description

0. V. PAYNE.

FIREARM.

APPLICATION FILED MAY I5, 1919.

Patented Aug. 10, 1920.

4 SHEETS-SHEET l.

' Oscar 77.

0. V. PAYNE.

FIREARM.

APPLICATION FILED MAY i5. 1919.

PatentedAug. 10, 1920.

4 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

sonnesoossseooeo GOWSQ Mamani-07 7 20G/gte y M/Mgf Aug. H?, 1920.

4 SHETS-SHEL' b.

6&ye

Pateted FIREARM.

APPLICATIUN FILED MM' I.

QSGQGGQQQOSOSOOGOGS n@ @s @www scar l/ TAH 0. V. PAYNE.

FIREARM.

APPLICATION FILED Mlm/15.1919.

Patented;A11g.10,1920.

4 SHEETS-SHEET 4.

` UNITE STATES Para" olf-FICE. A

OSCAR V. PAYNE, 0F CLEVELAND, OHIO, ASSIGNOR T0 AUTO-ORDNAN CE CRPORA- TION, OF NEW YORK, N. Y., A. CORPORATION 0F EW YORK.

FIREARM.

Specification o Letters Patent. Patented A'g, 110, 1920,

Application led Hay 15, 1919. Sera1`No. 297,282.

tended to be employed. with firearms of the.

character disclosed 1nmy copending` applications, Sr. No. 282,642, filed March 14, 1919, and Sr. No. 297,283, filed on even date herewith, although it is to be understood that the invention in many of its aspects may be adapted to various types of pistols, rifles, machine guns and other irearms.

lThe principal objects of the invention are to provide means for controlling the action of a firearm which is simple and substantial in construction, which may be manur'actured at a relatively low cost, which involves a minimum number of parts, which may be readily ,assembled and disassembled without the use of tools, and which is safe and reliable in use.

Another object is to provide means lfor automatically retaining the breech mechanism of an automatic firearm in retracted position after the last cartridge contained in the magazine has been fired, and to associate this means with the trigger in such manner that the automatic' operation of the firearm may be continued after a lled or partially filled magazine has been substituted forz the empty magazine merely b y pulling the trigger again. A corollarial object 'is to stop the automatic action-.of the firearm. at any .instant merely by releasing the trigger.

Another object is to provide improved safety means for locking the breech action so that -the gun will not fire even though the trigger be .pulled and to 'arrange the safety means so that it is effective under all con' ditions and is convenient to operate.

A further object is to correlate the parts of the control mechanism in such manner that the parts mutually cooperate to hold themselves in assembled relationship, thereby eliminating the necessity of separate holding means such as the bolts and screws ordlnarily provided, and to arrange the parts so that they may be readily detached from each other and from the frame of the rearm without the use of tools.

Another object is to provide means for detachably securing to a firearm magazines of diierent types, as for example a drum magazine sliding into the firearm from the side or a box magazine sliding into the firearm from the bottom, and to provide a single means for latching a magazine of either type in position.

Otherobjects of the invention will be apparent from the following description and accompanying drawings, in which- Figure 1 is a side elevation of the firearm completely assembled, showing a magazine of the drum type attached thereto;

Fig. 2 is a vertical central longitudinal section of the frame of the gun;

Fig. 3 is a horizontal section of the frame of the gun showing certain parts connected thereto, this section being taken on line 3 3 of Fig. 2;

F ig. 4 is a vertical central longitudinal section of the central portion of the firearm, showing the parts in inoperative position, and showing a magazine of the box type attached thereto; l

Fig. 5 is a side elevation of the frame viewed from the right-hand side, parts beino' broken away;

nig. 6 is a view similar to Fig. 4 showing the parts in firing position ,v

Fig. 7 is a front elevation ,of the frame of the firearm;

Fig. 8 is a horizontal section taken on line 8-8 of Fig. 4;

Fig. 9 is a similar sectio'ntaken on line 9--9 of Fig. l; and

Figs. 10 to 15 are perspective views of the magazine catch, safety catch, sear, discon-l nector, trigger and yoke.

The particular embodiment of' the invention chosen for the purpose of illustration within the receiver is described and claimed in my prior application Serial No. 282,642. The extractor and ejector mechanism associated with the bolt and receiver is described and claimed in my co-pending application Serial No. 297,284. Magazines of the types shown in Figs. 1 and 4 respectively are describedv and claimed in my co-pending applications Sr. No. 297,285, and Sr. No. 297,286, both filed on even date herewith. The present application is particularly directed to the frame F and the associated control mechanism which coperates' with the breech closing mechanism and the magazines. l ,A l

rI he frame'F is slidably connected to the receiver R by means 'of guides 43 and 44 In generaltheA control mechanism comprises (Fig. 7 fitting into grooves in the opposite sides of the receiver, the frame slidlng on to the receiver from the rear and being retained in position by the plunger catch 45. The frame F is provided with a chamber adapted to contain the control mechanism.

The bottom of thereceiverl and the top of' the frame 'areg provided with registering openings to permit a part of the control mechanism to extend upwardly from -the frame -into operative'relationship withthe breech closing `mechanism in the receiver.

ai tri r T,a sear S, a disconnector. D7 a .zyoke Y a catch'K, a safet catchS anda I `combined supporting an 'locking mem-1 45 Y Thee-member L comprisesan elongate ber L.

Vplate adapted to lie alonlgm'the right-hand side of the frame F and tending inwardly from this plate through alined openings 2' and 3 in the opposite,

walls ofthe frame.` The member 'also has a spring finger '4 extending rearwardly to the safety catch S'. The'sear S is pivota clockwise direction about this shaft by... means of a spring 6. The .trigger T isfpro vided on its left side with a recess 7 shaped to receive the disconnector D. The disoon nector D has a pivot lug extendi'ng'into a bearing opening 71 inthe trigger so 'as to be moved relatively tothe trigger either ULJUIVII into theinoperative position shown in Fig. 4 or into the operative position shown in Fig. 6. A spring 8 is provided normally to urge the disconnector into the position shown in F 6. The disconnector is provided with a projecting lug 9 which is adapted to engage against the curved face 1() of the sear when the trigger is pulled with the disconnector in the operative position shownin Fig. 6. The yoke Y surrounds the upper portion of the trigger T and is pivotally mounted on opposite sides of the trigger on lthe same shaft 2 upon which the trigger 4is mounted. A finger 11 projects from the for# ward end of the yoke through an opening in the forward kside of the frame F into position to be engaged by a member 12 mounted on the follower 13 of a magazine such as shown at M in Fig. 4, the construction of this magazine lbeing described and claimed in my co-pending application Serial No 297,286..

-'1,`h e safety catch S comprises a shaft .extending'A through alined openings 14 in the opposite sides of the frame F5 On the lefthand side of the frame the shaft is provided L. Half ofthe shaft is cut away through the portion extending across the,chamber in the frame F so' that .when the" handle 15 extends rearwardly as shown in Figs. 1 an'd 3 the cut-away' side of'fthe shaft faces 'rearwardly (Figs. 3 and 4) and when the handle 15'isrotated Ithrough 180.o to extend forwardly the cut-away portion faces for- `wardly ig. 6). The, rear end of the sear S is provided wlth a transverse semi-circular groove adapted to receive the remaining half of the shaft when the Sear is in itsoperative positionas shown in Fig. 4. When the safety catch is rotated i'nto the position shown in Fig. 6, it-completely disengages the sear so that the sear may be move intotheinoper- 'ative' position as shown in Fig. 6.

The forward end` of'the'frame F ,shown in elevation in Fig. 7, is provided with a '.:vertical guideway 17, having overhanging vflanges A18 and 19, adapted to receive the e 39v of ama zine of the t pe shown in 4 and 8. he receiver 1s provided I "withan opening 20 adapted vtoreceivefjiheL upper end of amagazine either of the type f2- shown in 1 or. of the typefshown in Fig. 4. This opening is provided with horitypeshown'in Fig. 1, the

grooves

21 and 22.

4Zzontal.''

grooves

21 and 22 adapted to receive l 'the guides 23v and 24 on the magazine of the extending entirely across the receiver so that the magazine may be inserted or removed from either side or inserted from one side and removed from the other side. The forward end of the frame F is provided with a horizontal channel 25 near its lower end toreceive a latch member 26 on the .magazine M which is adapted to coperate with the catch K to hold the magazine in position.

The catch K comprises an L-shaped lever extending along the left-hand side of the frame as shown in Figs. 1, 3 and 7. This lever is provided with an integral shaft 27 adapted to extend into an opening 28 in the frame F. As shown in Fig. 3 the opening 28 is considerably larger than the shaft 27 thereby providing an annular space between the shaft and the wall of the opening. The right-hand end of the shaft is joiirnaled in the right-hand side of the frame F and the left-hand end of the shaft is provided with an enlargement 29 which fits into the opening 28. Disposed in the annular space between the shaft 27 and the wall of the opening 28 is a coil spring 30, one end 31 of which is anchored in the enlargement 29 and the other end 32 of which is bent outwardly to extend into a groove 33 which extends along the rear .side of the opening 28.. The lower end of the catch K comprises a portion v34 which extends rearwardly, a portion 35 which extends inwardly, and a portion 36 which extends forwardly through an opening 37 i'n the frame F. The portion 36 projects somewhat into the guideway 17 so as to hook into an openin 38 in the guide 39 of the magazine l igs. 4 and 8). rhe spring 30 ur es the catch K in a clockwise direction ig. 1)

into engagement with the magazine, the portion 34 of the catch coperating with the catch 26 of the magazine of the type shown in Figs. 1 and 9 to hold the magazine against horizontal movement in

guideways

21 and 22 and the portion 36 of the catch hooking into the opening 38 of the magazine of the type shown in Figs. 4 and 8 to hold the magazine from sliding downwardly out of the guideway 17. The lower edge 40 of the portion 36 of the catch is beveled as Vshown in Figs. 4 and-.6 so that the catch is aut'omatically moved out of the Ipath of the guide 39 ofthe magazine M ig. 4) when the magazine is moved upwardly into position, and the catch is returned to its normal position by the spring 30 after the opening 38 in the magazine guide comes into alinement with the portion 36 of the catch. The'latch 26 on the magazine M is beveled on both sides as shown in Fig. 9 so that the catch K is automatically retracted when a magazine Vof the type M shown in Fig. 1 is moved into position from either side, the spring 30 snapping the catch into holding position when the magazine is in place as in the case of a magazine of the type shown in Fig. 4.

As shown in Figs. 1, 3 and 7 Athe shaft 2 projects from the left-hand side of the frame over the catch K and the end of this shaft is provided with an under-cut recess 41 adapted to permit the vcatch to rotate in a counter-clockwise direction l(F ig. 1) a sufficient distance to disengage' the magazines but not a suliicient distance to permit the portion 36 of the catch to be withdrawn from the fopening 37 in the frame. However, when the shaft 2 is removed from the frame the catch may be rotated in a counter clockwise direction a sufficient distance to permit the portion 36 to leave the opening 37 whereupon the catch K may be removed to the left from the frame together with both the shaft 27 formed integrally therewith and the spring 30 which is anchored to the enlargement 29.

From the aboi'e description it will be evi dent that to attach the magazine of the type shown in Fig. 1 it is merely necessary to slide the magazine horizontally7 into place` from either side until the catch i snaps inte latch 26 and to attach a magazine of the` type shown in Fig. 4 it is merely necessary to slide the ma azine upwardly into place until the catch 1% snaps into the opening 38. To detach either magazine it is merely neces- Y sary to rotate the catch K by means of handle 42 a suiiicient distance in a counterclockwise direction to disengage the catch from the magazine whereupon the magazine may either be manually removed or in the case of a magazine of the type shown in Fig. 4 the niagazine may slide out by gravity. A

-To disassemble the parts the frame F is slipped off of the receiver from the rear, the

catch 45 first being pressed upwardly out ofthe path of the frame F. The spring linger 4 (Fig. 5) is then sprung out of the groove 16 of the safety catch S whereupon the safety catch may be withdrawn from theleft-hand side of the frame and the member'L carryingv the

shafts

2 and 3 may be withdrawn from the right-hand side of. the frame. After the

shafts

2 and 3 have been removed the sear S, trigger T, disconnector D and yoke Y will drop out upon inverting the frame F. The springs 5, 6 and A8'lare preferably anchored in the sear and the trigger respectively by expanding the last turn of each sprin so that it will tightly engage the peripheral wall of the circular recess into which it lits. After the shaft 2 has vheen removed as aforesaid the catch K may be rotated in a counter-clockwise direction until the portion 36 (Figs. 4 and 9) completely clears the opening 37 in the frame whereupon the catch may be withdrawn from the left-hand side of the frame as above mentioned. I

To reassemble'the parts the trigger T,

yoke Y, disconnector D and vsear S are dropped into the frame approximately in' their normal positions, andafter first tensioning the sprin'g30 by winding the free end 32 around the shaft 27 the catch K is applied by inserting the shaft 27 in the opening 38vwith the end 32 of the spring sliding in the groove 33. After the catch has been moved inwardly' against the side of the frame the catch is permitted to be rotated in a clockwise direction by means of the spring -30 until the portion 36 passes into the opening 37 and the portion 35 en` gages the receiver. The member L is ap-v plied byinserting the

shafts

2 and 3 through the

openings

2 and 3 in the frame and through the bearing openings in the yoke Y, trigger T and scar S respectively.` The safety catch S is then inserted into opening 14 and when in normal position the end of spring 4 snaps into the groove 16 thereby locking all the parts together.

The operation of the control mechanism is as follows: Assuming the :bolt to be held in retracted position by the scar Sas shown in Fig. 4 -the firearm may be rendered absol lutely safe by rotating the safety catch S- into the Vposition shown in Figs. 1, 3 and 4 .wherein it locks the scar in engagement with 'the bolt. To re the gun the handlev 15 of the safety catch S is rotated downwardly through anv arc of 18() to the posi-g tion shown in Fig. 6 wherein the sear is'V wholly disengaged from the catch. U n

pulling the triggerT the disconnector is moved upwardly, the projection 9 on the disconnector engagesthe surface 10 on` the sear (Fig. 6) to move the sear out of engagement with the bolt, and .the bolt is urged forwardly. into firing position by the spring 46 As fully described in my prior application Serial No. 282,642, the further operation of thegun is automatic,vthe bolt being locked in firing position by thelock 47, the firing member 48 being automatically ad-4 vanced relatively to the bolt to tire the car` tridge, the bolt being automatically retracted by the breech pressure when thev pressure has decreased. 'to a relatively4 low value, the spring 46 again advancing the bolt, and so on until all ofthe cartridges in the magazine have been fired or until the trigger T has been releasedlf Upon releasing the trigger at any instant the sear S engages the bolt when in retracted position and stops the firing.l When theA magazine .Ml (Fig.l 4) becomes empty the-projection 12 on th follower 13 engages the forward endll of yoke Y and rotates the yoke Y in a clockwise direction into the position showniin Fig. '4, thereby rotating the disconnector D into the `pos1tion shown in Fig. 4 wherein it disengages the sear S and permits the sear to be` moved, by means of spring 5, into position to engage the bolt when it is in retracted positionvafter firing thelast cartridge. Thus when the magazine becomes empty and the firing ceases the closure is automatica be evident that maga-zines of radically dif# ferent types may be attached to the rearm without employing any special adaptor and that a single catch serves to hold a magazine ofeither type in position.

I claim:

1. A lirearm comprising an automatic i breech closure movable to and from the iring chamber, means for supporting amagazine onY the firearm in such a manner that cartridges may be automatically fed to the firing chamber, means including a sear for 'retaining the breech closure in retracted position, means including a trigger for disengaging said sear from.the breech closure, and meansV for automatically rendering said trigger means inoperative to disengage the scar from the breechclosure after the last cartridge has been fired, whereby the breech y retained in retracted position after the ast cartridge is fired.

2. A firearm comprising an automatic breech closure movable toand from the fir i zine becomesempty, whereby the breech closureisautomatically retained in retracted vvtploswjition af the last cartridge has been 3. 'A5 firearm .comprising an lautomatic breech closure movable to and Afrom the liring chamber, means for feeding cartridges from a magazine to the tiring chamber,

means Vincluding av searV forl retaining the p breech "closure in retracted position, means vincluding a trigger for disengaging the sear from the breech closure, and means arranged .to be actuatedv by a moving part of the magazine. to render said trigger means moperative to disengage the sear from the breech closure when the magazine becomes empty, whereby the breech closure-is automatically retained in position after the last cartridge has been fired. i

4. A firearm comprising an automatic -I breech closure movable to and from the liring chamber, means for supporting a magazine on the firearm in such manner that cartridges may be fed automatically to the firing chamber, a sear for yretaining the breech closure in retracted position, a trigger for disengaging the sear from the breech closure, a disconnector for operatively disconnecting the trigger. from the scar, and means for actuating said disconnector when the last cartridge is fired.

5. A lfirearm comprising an automatic breech closure movable to and from the liring chamber, means for supporting a magazine on the firearm in such manner that cartridges may be fed automatically to the tiring chamber, a Sear for retaining the breech closure in retracted position, a trigger, a disconnector interposed between the trigger and the sear, the disconnector having'an operative position in which the sear is actuated to disengage the breech closure when the trigger is pulled and having an inoperative position in which the sear is unactuated -when the trigger is pulled, and means for moving said disconnector into said inoperative position when the magazine becomes n empty.

' tiring chamber,I a Sear for retaining the 6. A firearm comprising an automatic breech closure movable to and from the firing chamber, means for supporting a magazine on ,the firearm in such manner that' cartridges may be fed automatically to the breech closure in retractedposition, .a trig-l ger, a disconnector interposed between the trigger and the sear, the disconnector hav- 'ing an operative position in which the sear is actuated to disengage the breech closure when the trigger is pulled and having an inoperative position in which the sear is unactuated when the trigger is pulled, and means for moving said disconnector into said inoperative position when the magazine becomes empty, the parts being so arranged that the disconnector is returned to operative position when cartridges are. placed in the magazine.

- 7. A firearm comprising an automatic` breech closure .movable to and from the firing chamber, means for automatically feeding cartridges from a magazine to the firing chamber, a sear for retaining the breech closure in retracted position,a trigger, a disconnector interposed between the trigger and the sear, the disconnector having an operative position in which thel sear is actuated when the trigger is pulled and having an inoperative position in which the sear is unactuated when the trigger is pulled, andmeanscontrolled by said first means for moving said disconnector into said inoperative position when the magazine becomes y breech closure movab e to .and from the rempty.

8. A firearm com rising an automatic inaP chamber, means for automatically feeding cartridges from a magazine to the firing chamber, a sear for retaining the breech closure in retracted position, a trigger, a disconnector interposed between the trigger and the Sear, the disconnector having an ing chamber, means for supporting a magazine on the firearm `in such manner that cartridges may be fed automatically to the fir- .ing chamber, a sear for retaining the breech closure in retracted position, a trigger, a disconnector interposed between the trigger and the sear, the disconnector having ,an operative position in which the sear is aci tuated to disengage the breech closure .when

the trigger is pulled and having an inoperative position in whichv the sear is unactuated when the trigger is pulled, and a yoke arranged between the disconnector and the magazine to be engaged by a moving part of the magazine when the magazine becomes empty-thereby to move the disconnector into said inoperative position.

10. A firearm comprising an automatic breech closure movable to, and from the tiring chamber, means /for supporting a magazine on the firearm in suc'h manner that cartridges may he fed automatically to the firing chamber, a Sear for retaining the breech closure in retracted position, a trigger, a disconnector interposed between the trigger and the sear, the disconnector having an operative osition inwhich the sear is acv tuated to isengage'tlie breech closure when the trigger is pulled and having an inoperative position in which the sear is unactulchamber from ,one side of theeframe for pivi otally supporting apartmof said mechanism, and a member extending into the frame from the other side for holding said means in position.

12. A firearm comprising a frame having a chamber therein, control mechanism in said chamber, means for pivotally supporting a part of said mechanism, saidmeans having a part extending on one side of the frame, and a member extending through said frame from the other side into engagement with said part to-hold4 said'means in position.

13. A firearm comprising a frame having a chamber therein, control mechanism in said-chambema member extending along one side of said frame, said member having a pivot pin extending into said chamber pivotally to support a part of said mechanism, and a member extending through said frame from the other side into engagement with said first member for holding the first mem-- ber in position.

14. A firearm comprising a frame having a chamber therein, control mechanism in said chamber, a member on one side of said frame having a spring finger extending along the frame and having a pivot pin extending into said chamber pivotally to support a part of said mechanism, and a member extending through said frame from the other side into engagement with "Said iinger for holding the first member in position.

15. A firearm comprising a frame having a chamber therein, control mechanism in said chamber, a plate lying alongone side of said `frame, said plate having an integral spring nger'extending in the .plane of the plate and having an integral pivot pin extending into sai chamber pivotally to support a part of said mechanism, and a member extending through'said frame from the other side into engagement with said finger for holding the tirst member in position.

16. A firearm comprising, a frame' having a chamber therein, control mechanism in said chamber, means extending into said chamber from one side ofthe frame for pivotally supporting va part of said mechanism, and a safety catch for locking said mechanism in safe position, said safety catch extending into said chamber from thev other side of said frame and interlocking with' said means so that said means and safety catch mutually hold each other in position- 17. Afire'arm comprising a frame having'f support said'.trigger andsear.

a chamber therein, control mechanism'in said chamber,meansforpivotally support ing a part of said mechanism, said -means having apart extending on one side ofthe frame, and a safety catch for locking'said mechanism in safe position, said safety catch extending through said chamber from the other side of the frame andinterlocking with said part, whereby said means and safety catch mutually hold each other in position. f

18. A firearm comprising a frame having' a chamber therein," control mechanism in frame, sai

said chamber, a memberextending along one side of said frame, said member having a pivot pin extending into said chamber pivotally to support a part of said mechanism, and a safety catch for holding said mechanism in safe position, said safety catch extending through said' vchamber from the other side of the frame and interlockin with said member so thatsaid member an safety catch mutually hold each other in position.

19. firearm comprising a frame having a chamber therein, control mechanism in said chamber, a member on one side of said frame having a springfinger extending along the frame and having a pivot lpin extending into s aid chamber pivotally to support a part of said mechanism, and a safetycatch for 'holding said mechanism in safe position, said safety catch extending throu h y said chamber from the other side of t e spring finger extending in the plane'of the f plate and having an integral pivot-pin extendin catch or holdin into. said chamber, and a safetv.

said'- mechanism 1n sa e -positiomsaid sa ety catch having a shaft.

L extending 'through said chamber, and saidv 'shaft having a groovetherein adapted to vreceive said finger, wherebysaid plate and. safety catch' mutually hold each other in` position.

21. Airearm comprising aframe havingl r` a chamber therein, control mechanism iii- -cluding a trigger and a sear in said chamber, and a member Alying along one side of said frame said member. having pivot p ins ex tending port Asaid. trigger and Sear.

22. A firearm comprising a frame having into said chamber pivotally to sup- 'i a 'chambenf` therein, control mechanismiii-1 cluding 'a` trigger and a searin'said chain?-` f ber, and a late'lyin'g along one side ofsaid plate havingintegral p ifvotl pins' pivotally to' extending into 'said chamber u feamli .compsmg a frame haV- t'r ing 8lchamber therein, control mechanis| j including a trigger and a sear in said chrl'fn-A ber, amember along one. side -of said'g` frame, said member havlngfpivot pins -extending into said chamber-pivotally-to lsupt :said trigger and sear,andr a safetyy said sear in safefposition,

catch for' locking said .safet y catch extendin fand interlocking withsaid member.

ing a portion adapted to swingfinto' an open-` ,a catch for holding a magazine in position a chamber therein, control mechanism including a trigger and a sear in said chamber, a member lying along one side off said frame, said member having a spring finger extending therefrom along the side of the frame and having pivot pins extendingr into said chamber pivotally to support said trig.

ger and sear, and a safety catch for preventing said Sear from being moved from safe position, said safety lcatch lextending through said chamber from the other side of iaid frame and interlocking with said spring nger.

25. A firearm comprising a frame having a chamber adapted to house control mechanism and having a guide adapted tov receive a magazine, a catch-for holding a magazine in position on said guide, said catch being pivotally mounted on said frame so as to be moved into and out of holding position, and a member for pivotally mounting a part of said control mechanism in said chamber, said member having -a portion pro` jecting into the path of said catch to restrict its movement. i

26. A firearm comprising a frame having a chamber adapted to house control mechanism and having a guide adapted to receive a magazine, a catch for holding a magazine in position on said guide, said catch being pivotally mounted on said frame so as to be detached from the frame when swung about its pivot a suiicient distance in one direc-v` tion, and a member for pivotally mounting a part of said control mechanism in said chamber, said member having a portion projecting into the path of said catch to prevent the catch from being swung into a position wherein it may be detached.

y 27. A firearm comprising a frame, a catch for holding a magazine in position on the firearm, said catch having a pivot pin extending intoA a bearing in sa1d frame and` having a portion adapted to swing into an opening in said frame so that the catch cannot be withdrawn from the frame so long as said portion fextends into said opening, and a stop on the frame kfor preventing said portion of the catch from being swung out of said opening. p

28. A firearm comprising a frame, and a catch for holding a magazine in position on the firearm, said catch lying along one side of the frame and havin a pivotpin extending into a bearing in t e frame and having in said frame, said portion andopenlng being disposed transversely of said pivot pin sothat the pivot pin cannot normally be withdrawn from said opening and said catch beingarranged to be swun clear of said opening to detach the catch rom the frame.

29. A firearm comprising a frame, and

y groove alon on the firearm, said catch lying along one side of the frame. and having a pivot pin extending into a bearing in the' frame, and said catch having a portion extending inwardly and thence forwardly through an opening in the frame to engage a magazine, the catch being held alongside the frame by said portion extending in to said opening and being detachable by swinging said portion clear of the opening.

30. A firearm comprising a frame having a bearing opening therein and vhaving a one side of said opening, a member havlnga pivot pin extending mto said'openingf and a spring surrounding saidA pin in lsaid opening, one end of the spring lhaving a pivot pin extending into said open ing, and a catch actuating spring in said opening, .said spring havmg one end extending into said groove and having the .other end anchored to said catch, said groove extending to the endA of said opening. so that said spring may be removed with said pm.

32. A firearm comprising a *frame having a bearing opening therein, the inner end of said opening havmg a reduced diameter, a

member having a pivot pin extending into said opening, the inner end o f said p1 11 ttm into the reduced end of said openlng, an

firearm comprising a frame hav' the outer end of said pin having a collar fitting into said opening, and a coil spring surrounding said pin within said opening between said two ends ofthe pin.

'33. A firearni comprising a frame arranged to receive a magazine either from n' the bottom or from the side and a single catch on the frame -for holding the magazine in position whenreceived either way.

[34, A firearm comprising a frame arranged to receive magazines either from the bottom or from the side, and a catch for holding the magazines in place, sald catch havingone portlon to .engage magazines received from the bottom and having lanother portion to engage magazines received from the side. i

35. A firearm comprising a frame having separate guides adapted to receive either a drumvmagazine or a boxmagazme, and va spring catch yfor holding either magazine in place.

36. A firearm comprising a frame arranged to receive magazines either from the ,bottom or' from the side, and a catch for holding the magazines in place, said catch extending along the side of said frame and i magazine, .and a catch for holding either p magazine in place, said catch being pivotally 'mounted on one side of the frame anflhaving anend hooked into an opening 1n the frame, saidend being adapted to hold one 10 magazine and another portion of said catch being arranged to hold theother magazine.

38. A firearm comprising a. fraine arranged to receive a magazine either from the bottom or from the side. 15

Signed by me at Cleveland, Ohio, this 29th day of April, 1919. I

v OSCAR PAYNE.-