US1344770A - Method of obtaining by-products, particularly nitrogen compounds, from blast-furnaces - Google Patents

Description

WALTER, GSIWALD, 0F 'GHBSSBQTHEN,

' MENTS, TO THE CHEMICAL FOUNEATIOI T, In?

METHOD OF OBTAINING QBY-PBQIGUQTS, FAHTYQUULAELY HITBIGGEN (IQMPGUNDS,

Specification'of Letters Patent.

room? nnssrronunons.

Patented June 29, 1920.

no Drawing. Application filed October 10, 1916. Serial No. 124,855. Renewed liovemhor 25, 1319. fierial No. 340, l6l.

To all whom it may concern Be it known that LlVAL'rnn Os'rwnnn, a citizen of the German Empire,*and residing at Hans Dowa, Grossbothen, Saxony, Ger

no water vapor present in those zones of the furnace in which the formation of ammonia r ammonium chlorid can place, for as the charge slowly sinks it is heated to a higher temperature than that required for expelling the moisture in it, and any water vapors which are produced are driven off with the other smelter gases before the parts of the furnace.

According to my invention nitrogen compounds are produced by introducing or generating; alter or steam in and introducing (-hlorids into that zone which has a tempera u e o 5 to 900 Q, a temperature at -which ammonia and ammonium chlorid (an be formed. The most simple mode of pro cedure would he to introduce steam through the side wall of the furnace. In order to distribute the steam more evenly, however,

i I prefer to introducethe water necessn ry for the formation of ammonia or ammonium chlorid in the state of Water contained inn hydrate. Further, the. production oi nitroperatures, some of them only at temperatures up to 600. At this temperature, however, the formation of ammonia and ammonium chlorid has already commenced.

By introducing Water in the form of hydrate Water into these highly heated Zones it is possible, Without disturbing; the smelting process, to prevent or limit both the combustion of the bound nitrogen into free ni* trogen, well as the formation of cyan'id. and instead thereof, to promote the forms tion of ammonia or ammonium chlorid according to the nature of the added hydrated salts. Chloride may be used as such salts which form hydrates, in which case, the formation of ammonium chlorid is promoted.

The chlorid ion constitutes an extremely eiiective protection against the combustion of ammonia into free nitrogen,which explains the high yield obtained. Obtaining nitrogen in the form of ammonium chlorid has the advantage that the separation, col lection and relininp of this nitrogenous compouno is comparatively simple, and, in uddition, the use and cost of sulfuric acid. which cannot be avoided when ammonium sulfate is produced in the usual manner, are obviated.

A further advantage obtained by using chlorids is that it is possible to obtain the ammonium chlorid in the form of an aqueous solution in a particularly simple man nor by simply washing the gases. As blastiurnooe gases are generally purified in any case by 2. Wet process, the ammonium chlorid is found. in the scrubbing Water, so that no particular apparatus is required for its collection. Sf the chlorids, calcium chlorid can be used with the great advantage that the lime is left behind in an extremely finely divided state after the spiitting (iii of its hydrate Water and its chlorid ion, so that the amount of limenormally added to the charge can be diminished.

A particularly fine and uniform distribution of the chlorin is obtained by quenchng the coke with a salt solution. .The hot coke eagerly absorbs the solution up to 25% of its Woigl'rt, evaporates the water to a greater. or less extent and after complete cooling still retains 8% .water, a still'larger percentage of the dissolved salt, however, remains in the coke. When i solution of m'i-ii is used the ammmt of lime contained in a finely divided. 'lc-i'ni in the cake can be taken intc proper c-onsidelration in the calculation (if the fluxes.

I claim: 1. in the manufacfisu'e of metals from a mixture of 0243s fuel and fluxes in blast furnaces, the hem CiiBSCI'lbtHl method of obtaining a miucg; the niiix'gen (THU- izziined in ilu mixture, which consists in adding; to ill" hn'e a suitable ix uantity of a llydizlilfifl will, whereby the water of hydration is memtecl and mwnnwawml into steam wl: acts on the mixiuum in the tamparutum 210m: in which MHIROHiZL is formed, when? y all the nitrogen of the fuel is converted iinfo ammonium clllorid, and in segmmtiiig the ammonium cliloi'icl from the blast fimmme gases, sulmtan'timlly as de scribed.

52. In marmfzm'tum of nwiais from a, mix-lure of m-v M01 and llnxe in blast in!- naces the lien, flesciibell lnctlmd of 0b- ;nining as a iywpruduct the nitmgen contained in iglm mixture which consists in addin q t0 the V 'x'tu're a suitable quzinlzity m" a, Clllillli'i, in musing steam $.10 ncli 0n the mix lure in the tempm'atm'e 110110 in'wliicl um-- munia is Em-mach .vhcmliy iill l llli. nitro gen of the fuel is converted into :unmonium clllm'id, and in separating the ammonium uhlorid from the blast-furnace substuiitiniiy clescribetl.

mixture of ores and 3. In the manufacwure of metals from a mixture of ores, fuel. and fluxes in blast fur- 'naces, the herein describedmethmi of obtaining as a bypraduct the nitrogen con-- tained in the mixture, which consisz in add ing to the mixture ,i a suitable quantity of hydrated calcium clllm'id, in libeaiting the water of hydration and in fmmiiw ammo- IlliL at a tein wmture of from 500 l $0 90%" LL, whereby all'tlie nitrogen 0f the fual converieci into annnnnium CiliOFiGl l lasiv-finrnace W scribed.

4.. "in the manufacture of n'm'als :fmm mixiui'e 0f (21. names film htlljln described method Olli'nining as n l y-1. r( um.:t the nitrogen con.- tainud in ilie mixture which cunsiz-ats in quenching {he 00kg oi the n'lixlm'a with :1 SOllUilUIl of *alcium cnlmlzi, in illi, libmntinn mi water and in the immuiion of ammonia at a tempe 'zlfiui'e 0i?'f1"0m 509 to NW (5., \'v'l1e1'@liy all the iiiti'oggmi Oil he 'fml is m? varied into ammonium cllloriri nL-ril ing the ammonimn Ulliihllii out furnace gases, substantial Having; films described V have hereunto set 1* sigmi'ialre in the, was of two subsi'ir bmg gases, substantially 11* n Owl l v'lt iesses:

RUDOLPH FRICKl-J,

"a '3' n in ii. QEAGLE.

5: (Mike and fluxes iii-blast fun g