US1328364A - Superheater-header - Google Patents

Description

B. BROIDO.

SUPERHEA TER HEADER. APPLICATION FILED ov. 25, 1918.

'1 28,364. Patented Jan. 20, 1920.

saw/144w 520/00. Sum-Mm UNITED 'FATENT OFFXQE.

BENJAMIN BRGIDQ, 0F NEW-7 YORK, N. Y., ASSIGNDB T0 LDCOIVIO'IIVE SUPEBHEATER '0 DELAWAEEE.

SUPERHEATER-HLEABER.

Application filed November 25, 1918. Serial No. 264,058.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, BENJAMIN BROIDO.

citizen of Russia, and resident of New York city, 1n the county of New York and State ,of New York, have invented certainnew and useful improvements in Superheaten Headers, of which the following is a specification. I

The present invention relates in general to superheaters and more particularly to the means used for securing the elements or units of the superheater to the headers.

If these units are rolled or expanded into the headers, their removal and re-attachment is combined with great practical ditficulty. and. is at. times quite impossible. For this reason a clampingmeans along the general lines of that hereinafter referred to has met with general favor, as it permits of ready removal of any unit without injury to it or the header. and. of equally ready reattachment. Where the headers are made up of ordinary steel piping of usual thickness, some minor difficulties arise. in the use of such clamps, and it is the object of this invention to remove them.

The invention will be readily understood from the following description which is tohe read in connection with. the accompanying drawing. In the latter, Figure 1 represents. in cross-section. the two headers of a superheater with the ends of an element attached in the ordinary way with a clamp: Fig, 2 is a similar view illustrating my improvement. the section being taken on line 2-3 of Fig.3. Fig. 3 is a bottom view of Fig. 2, all but one of the clamps having: been rcmovedand a portion being shown in section on line 3- 3 of Fig. 2: Fig. 4- represents a modification in a view similar to Fig. 3; Figs. 5. 6. and 8 show other modifications in views like that of Fig. 2: Fig. 9 shows another modification in side elevation. a partof it being in section: and Fig. 10 shows in section another variation. Figs. 9 and 10 are on'a slightly reduced scale. Throughout the drawing portions have been broken away. without. it is hoped. impairing the elearness of the figures.

As is well-known to those familiar with this art, the most ordinary form given to superhcatcrs is that of a set of pipes. coiled or looped in some desired form. with the two ends of each secured to two headers. or totwo chambers of a single header. The

form, number, etc. of the pipes, or

elements, is oi no )articular interest in the present connection, as the invention is concerned :xclusively with the means of securing their ends to the headers. All that is shown, therefore, of the elen.1ents are the ends, this being sufficient to illustrate the invention.

in Fig. 1 the two headers are given the reference numerals 1 and 1, while 66 are two of the element ends. The headers will be noted to be circular in cross-section. If, as is usually the case, they are made of pipes of usual gage, it is ordinarily advisable to weld some niaterial in the form of strips L2 to them to give some stock for forming seats against which the pipe ends may hear. The form given in the illustration to the element end is what is known the ball joint; and I use this throughout, by way of illustration, as I believe it is the best joint yet proposed, without however wanting to be understood as limiting my invention in any way in this respect.

The ball end 5 (see right halfof Fig. 1) is seated against the conical seat 4 in the strip 2. so that'the pipe end communicates with the interior of the header by way of the opening 5 extending through strip 2 and the wall of the header. It is held on its seat by (lamp 7, a washer 8 being interposed. The clamp 7 hears similarly at its other end against the lower side of the ball end of the other element end, holding it to its seat. A bolt 9 extends through a hole in the mid dle of clamp 7 its head hearing against the under ide of the clamp, and its upper end extending: through a hole in bar 10, and carrying the nut 11 and the lock-nut 12. The bar 10 rests with its extremities on the headers 1 and 1*. Evidently the hall ends 5 can be firmly held to their seats by a proper tightening up of nut 11.

There is nothingnew in what has thus far been described. The, purpose of referring to it to the extent I have is to point out the defects my inyention cures.-

These defects are the following:

The distance between the element ends 6 is deterinined by the size of the pipe used for the headers. and with larger sizes this distance, and the consequent length of the clamp 7 and bar 10 become inordinately great. and to give them sufficient strength and stillness they must he made very hem The length of the bolt is likewise depend ent on" the size of the header, and as the,

amount of elongation due to its tension, and the variation in its length due to temperature variations are directly proportional to its length, it is very desirable to keep it as short as possible. Vihen in this structure'one clamp is drawn up tighter, there will always be a tendency for the adjacent ones on its two sides to become loosened due to a. deformation of the header under the resulting pressure. This defor-. mation is objectionable for other reasons. too. Moreover, the pressure exerted by the clamps is such that pipe of ordinary gage cannot be used at all, as it proves impos sible to get the connections tight.

- All. these objections are overcome and the use of pipe of ordinary gage becomes possible, by my invention. 1 weld a bar (see Figs. 2 and 3) to each of the headers 1 and 1 in the relation shown; Each bar '13 may extend from end to end of the' header; or, as shown in Fig. 3, the bar need not be continuous, but may be in sections 13, 13, etc. These sections may be 0t any desired length, the advantage in using sections rather than a continuous bar being that temperature differences between the. header and the attached bar will have less pronounced effects.

The bars 13 have extending into them from one side the holes 3 which meet the holes 3, the latter extending through the wall of each header and into the bar. These channels, made up of the portions 3 and 3", are cqui-distantly spaced, and are so arranged that when the headers are in their final position those of one bar and header lie opposite corresponding ones in the other.

The ends 6 of the elements are secured to the outer ends of the holes 3" by means similar to those described for the corresponding function in connection with Fig. 1. The clamp 7 is, however, considerably. shorter, and the bolt 9 is likewise shorter. i'he nut 11 bears on the bar H which rests in the two, angular recesses 14 I i in the upper inner edges of the bars 13. This bar, it wili be noted, serves not only as a hearing surface for nut 11, but also as a distance piece to keep the upper edges of the bars 13 properly spaced. The lower sides of the bars cannot approach toward or separate from each other, .as they are engaged by the element ends.

It will be seen that the invention realizes the advantages above pointed out.

Fig. dillustrates a variation in the bar to which the ends are secured. Instead of two bars 13, a single one 13 is used. The bolts 9 in this case will extend through the holes 1.; instead of through the slot left between the two bars 13, 13 of 2. The channels 3"-3", and the general means of attachn'ient the same in the first case, only the bar 14 may of course be omitted. 4 This form has the advantage of greater rigidity.-

Instead of placing the bars 13 in line with the two pipes l and 1, they may be arranged as in Fig. The channels connecting the interior of each header with the lower surface of its bar is here also made up of two parts 3 and 3 which however meet at an obtuse angle. The essential point of the structure is of course that the clamp 7 and bar 14 do not bear on any part of the pipes 1 and l but only on the bars '13.

Figs. (3 and 7 illustrate the fact that the bars 1-3 need not be welded to the headers l and l but may be secured to them by means of short nipples l6 rolled or expanded into the holes 3 and the corresponding openings in the headers. Except for this. variation Fig. 6 will be seen to correspond to Fig, 2, and Fig. 7 to Fig. 5.

In all the forms thus far described the clamp T engages two element ends attached to the opposite bars 13. In Fig. 9 is illustrated a form in which thetwo ends engaged by the clamp 7 are secured to the same bar. This figure isa fragmentary view of one of the headers and its attached bar-13, looking directly at the bar, which is partly in section. Tl bol l) in this case extends through a hole in bar 13 between the two channels 3". By this construction the two headers do not become tied to each other except by means of the superheater elements.

A. Variation by which elements are secured to both sides of the bars 13, is shown in Fig. 8. The channel 3 has leading out from it the two channels'3 and 3 to opposite faces of bar 113; and to the outer ends of 3" and 3 are held the ends of elements (3 and 6 by means of lillBiWO clamps 7 and '7.

The variation of Fig. 10 illustrates a header i'itha plurality of channels 3 all communicating with the same channel 3. It will be understood that a pipe end is attached to the outer end of each channel 3*, the clamps being preferabl arranged as in Fig. 5), 'i. (2., parallel to the header. There is of course a plurality of such channels 3, and a second header corresponding to the one shown. While I have shown three channels 3, there may of course be but two, or there may be more than three.

It will be manifest that, while I have illustrated a few variations which may be given my invention, many otherswill readily .be resorted to in practising it as conditions or predilections may dictate and 'yet the spirit of invention not be departed from. Thus, While I have shown the joint between the element end and the bar to be the famih iar ball joint, it might be some other form, a. g]. a gasket joi t v the headers need not necessarily be c -','lnulrical, but might be or some other shape, and they J be cast or ill) said modified and .ment end to a bar; the elements need not of the bars, v

produced in any otherdesired way; the

details of the clamp and bolt may evidently be considerably varied; each clamp may be made to hold rnly 'one ele- 1. In apparatus of the class described, thecombination of a header having a plurality of openings through its wall; pipe ends corresponding in number to the openings; a bar parallel and adjacent to the header and with a like number of correspondingly spaced. holes extending between two of its faces, said bar being secured to the header so that the holes in one of the faces communicate with the openings through the header wall; and clamping means holdin a pipe end against each hole in the secon face of the bar, said clamping means en-' gaging the pipes and the-bar.

In apparatus of the class described, the combination of two headers, each provided with a plurality of openings through its wall; pipe ends corresponding in number to these openings; two bars parallel and adjacent to the two headers respectively and each with holes extending between two of its faces, the number and arrangement of the holes in each bar corresponding to the openings in one of the headers; said bars being secured to the headers so that the holes in oneof the faces e'ach communicate with a hole through a header wall; and clam-ping means holding a pipe end against each hole in the second faces of the bar, means engaging the pipes in gaging both bars.

3. In apparatus of the ole ,ss described, the combination of two cylindrical headers each provided with a plurality {of openings arranged in a line parallel to thejaxis of the header; two prismatic bars parallel and adjacent to the two headers respectively and with holes through each extending between two faces and corresponding in number and arrangement to the openings in the headers, bars being secured to the headers so that one end of each hole registers with an opening ina header; the headers with their attached bars being placed in parallel spaced relation, those faces of the bars, in which rality 821d bar being said clamping pairs and enare'the other ends of the holes, lying in the same plane; and clamping means engaging the pipe ends. in pairs and hold 1n them against the last named ends of the ho es, said clamping means also engaging the bars at points opposite the last name faces.

.4. In apparatus of the class described, the combination of a header having a pluof o nings through its wall; a bar para lel an adjacent to the header and provided with a like number of correspondingly spaced holes extending into it from one of,

its faces there being other openings extending from a second of its faces to said holes; secured to the header so that the holes in its first named face communicate with the header wall openings; pipe ends; and clampin' means holding a pipe .end against each ole in the second face of the bar, said clamping means engaging the pipes and the bar.

5. In apparatus of the class described, the combination of a cylindrical header, having throu h its wall a plurality of openings aline parallel to the axis of the header; a prismatic bar with a like number of holes extending through it between two of its faces, the ends of the holes in one face being arranged to correspond to the header openings; the bar being secured to the header so the said ends of the holes through the bar communicate with the header openings; pipe ends corresponding in number to the holes through the bar; and clamping means holding a pipe end a ainst each holeend in the second face of the ar, said clamping means engaging only the pipe ends and the bar but not the header.

6. In apparatus of the class described, the combination of two arallel headers, 1 and 1*; a bar 13 secured to each, there being holes 3" extending through the header wall. and into the bar, tending-inward from 13 'to meet the holes clamping means the bars 13, holes 3".

Signed at. New York, in the county of New York and State of New York, this 16th day of November, A. D., 1918.

- BENJAMIN BROIDO. Witnesses:

, B. R. Bkis'ml 'Bann BRow'Nm.

and other holes 3 expipe-ends 6; and

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