US132505A - Improvement - Google Patents

Description

2 Sheets-Sheet 1.

S. F. VAN CHOATE. lmprovement in Breech-Loading Fire-Arms. No. 132,505. Patented Oct. 22,1372.

2 Sheets-Sheet 2.

S. F. VAN CHOATE Improvement in Breech-Loading Fire-Arms. N0.132,505.

Patented Oct. 22,1872.

PATEN' FFCE NI'IED STA'ISI SILVANUS F. VAN CHOATE, OF B()STON, MASSACHUSETTS.

IMPROVEMENT IN BREECH-LOADING FIRE-ARMS.

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 132,505, dated October 22, 18 72.

T0 all whom z't may concern:

Be it known that I, SILVANUS F. VAN OHOATE,ofBoston,inthecountyofSuffolkand State of Massachusetts, have made an inven tion of eertain new and useful Improvements in Breech-Loading Fre-Arms; and do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description thereof, due reference being had to the acoompanying drawing making part of this specification, and in which Fignre 1 is a plan Fig. 2, a vertical and longitudinal section; Fig. 3, a horizontal section; and Figs. 4, 5, and 6 vertical and transverse sections of a fire-arm embodying my improvements, or such portions of a fire-arm as are immediately related to such improvements; Fig. 7 is a horizontal seotion of the rear end of the barrel; Fig. 8, a side elevatiori of the rear end of the breech-bolt; and Figs. 9 and 10, side views of the tring-pin and its carrier or rod.

The drawing accompan yin g and making part of this specification represents at A the barrel, whereof a is the bore, and 12 the cartridge-receiving chamber; at B the frame of the arm which receives the rear end of the barrel and the general working parts of the breech mechanism, and usually termed the receiver at 0 the at E the shank or tang, which extends rearward from the lower part of the receiver B, andis either integral therewith or screwed to it in a proper manner; the cock of the arm being shown at F, and formed and dsposed as hereinafter stated; while the channel of the receiver which contains and con stitutes the roadway of the breech-bolt is shown at G a-nd the breech-bolt which traverses it at H. 'lhe upper part of the receiver is formed With a channel,a, extending its entire length, and of a vvidth equal to the thickness of the base of the handle or knob 1), by which the breechbolt is operated, this base extending into a notch, 0, made in one side of the receiver, which serves to look the breeeh in firing position. The side of the breech-bolt opposite the handleb and extractor 6 is scored with a longitudinal channel or groove, 0, which ter minates at rear in a short right-angular bend, p, as shown in Figs. 5 and 8 of the draWing, and into this channel the point q of a screw or stop pin, 1, extends, such pin serving to very perfect finish is stock; at D the trigger p1a-te or strap,

estop the rearward motion or retraction of the breech-bolt, as well as the lateral or rocking motion of such bolt. The rear end of the barrel is, reduced to a taperng sharp annular edge, c, which projects into the roadway of the receiver a distance equal to the length of the hoek d of the spring-extractor e of the breech-bolt. lhe extractor is flash with the exterior of the breech-bolt, theforward. end of which is recessed at f to recei"e both the cartridge-flange and the annular lip 0 of the barrel, and, when pushed fully forward, abuts against the shoulder h on the barrel. Under this arrangement a tight joint is made, and a given to the arm. The extractor moves with the breech-bolt, and when the latten is turned so as to be 1ocked in position the extractor Will be carried out of sight below the top of the receiver.

The arrangement just described, of the barrel and the recprocating and rotary breechbolt, is necessary in order to provide for the rotation of the retractor, and to obtain a tight joint and aproper support for the annlar lip of the barrel. Some recess in or around the barrel is needed to allow the proper hold oi-' the extractor on the cartridge-flange; and by making the lip continuous around the b-ore of the barrel, and arranging t to be received within the end of the bolt, as shown, all these objects are attain'ed.

The firing-position of the arm is that sh0vn in Figs. 4 and 6 of the drawing-that is, with the handle b horizontal or turned down, and its base inserted With the recoil seat or notch 0. I make in one side of the rear part of the breech-bolt H a rectangular channel or slot,

i, whioh extends from its periphery inward, and intersects the axial bore or passage 7c, which receives the firing-pin 1 and its rod m, the rear portion of such rod terminating in an oblong rectangular head or carrier, n, which plays within the chaunel v5, the greatest 'width of the said head n and of the channel i being at right angles to the axis of the handle (2 and the plane of the extract-or 6. The forward end of the needle-rod carrier extends slightly into the bend 19 of the channel 0, and so that the stoppin r shail abut against it at certain times, and the inner corner of the carrierthus protruding is reduced to a short sloping i'ace or inclined plane, s, while the remainder is out away upon an angle oi about i'ortyive degrees, in order to produee a second and longer inclined plane, t. (See Figs. 8, 9, and 10.) The c0ck F resembles in general form many now in nse, and is pivoted Within a slot, v, cut centrally in the shank or tang E, and in axial alignrnent with the bore of the barrel and of the breech oolt, the front 'ace w of this hammer being cut away at such an angle that when 'ull cocked it shall be parallel to the plane of the hreech bolt and its roadway, and alout flash with the bottom of the latter, and when driven forward by its spring 00 in the act of exploding a cartridge, or when at half. 0r sat'ety cock it shall enter the slot of the breechbolt, and prevent rot-ation and unlocking of the latter until the c0ck is again bronght to its 'ull-cock position.

Ehe action of the above-described mechanism is as follows: Snpposing the cock te be thrown forward by its spring and resting in the slot of the breech-bolt, such bolt in turn being locked in iring-position, in which case the point 11 of the stop-pin rests in the bend 19 of the channel 0, and in front of the inclined 'ace t of the carrier n. As the breech-bolt, after full cocking the hammer, in the act of nnlocking preparatory t0 loading the arm, is rotated through ninety degrees of a circle by means of its handle 12, the inclined face t impinges apainst the stop-pin r, and the firingpin is retracted te such an extent that its forward end retreats within the breech-bolt and out of reach of the cartridge-case The inclined plane t compels the firingpin with every unlocking of the breechto retreat within the latter, should it incline te stick within its inclosing-passage t'roxn becoming rusted or 'onl or rom anyother cause, thus re1nov*ing it from contact With the cartridge as the latter is driven into the barrel by the advance of the loreech. As the handle I) is brought to an upright position the stop-pin 4 leaves the bend and stands in alignment with the main channel 0, thus enabling the breech-bolt to be drawn back to its 'ullest extent, the entire body of the cock F being situated below the breech-bolt. The cartridge is now inserted within the roadway Gin advance of the oreechbolt, and the latter driven forward and seizing the flange of the cartridge-case, as hereinbefore explained, the handle b loeing last of all lowered into the recoil-seat notch 0. This lowering of the handle again introduces the point of the stop-pin into the bend 19 of the hannel 0, and in so doing it abuts against the inelined face s of the carrier u, and retracts the firing-pin should this pin fron1 any eause ha"e been pnshed forward while the breechbolt was unlocked; if not the stop-pin has no effect upon such carrier until the breech is a second time unlocked, and the sfaid stop-pin abuts against the long face t of the carrier, which had been driven forward by the harnmer in the act of exploding the contents of the cartridge. As the hamxner is released by a pull upon the trigger y it enters the slot or recessi of the breech-bolt, and prevents r0- tation and nnlocking of the latter until again brought to ull-c0ck, and at the same time by means of a second face or abntnnent, k, forn1ed npon it, strikes and drives forward the firingpin and explodes the cartridge. The trigger is pivoted within the trigger-strap D and centrally thereof, and impinges the cock without intermediate devices, the rear end of the roadway of the receiver B being slotted to receive in connection with the slot of the breeoh-bolt, the front portion W of the hammer, The iiring-pin is retained in place within the breech-bolt by a screw or pin, g, which passes through sueh bolt and enters a short notch 0r recess, h, created in the side of the carrier n, as shown in Fig. 3 of the drawing.

Having thns explained what I believe to be the novel 'eatures in my present improven1ents, I claim as such, and desire to have secured to myself, the following:

1. The comhination of the receiver B, the sliding and rotating breech-loolt H provided with recess f, tne spring-extractor e sliding and rotating with said breech-block, and the barrel provided with annnlar lip 0, all con strncted and arranged as herein sho wn and. set forth.

2.- The combination of the receiver, the breechholt, slotted as herein described, and the hammer F with its two faces W and 70, said parts being constructed and arranged for joint operation, as herein shown and set forth.

3. I claim, in combination with the breechbolt H, the iiring-pin IJn n, With its inclines s t,-

or their equivalents, and stop-pin r, substantially under the arrangement, and operating as stated.

S. F. VAN CHOATE. Witnesses:

FRED. CUR'1IS, W. E. BOARDM'AN.

directly againstwhich enters them conjointly.

Images