US1322768A

US1322768A - Spark-arrester

Info

Publication number: US1322768A
Authority: US
Publication date: 1919-11-25
Anticipated expiration: 1936-11-25

Description

SPARK ARRESTER.

APPLICATION man- MAY 3. 1911.

mamas, Patented Nov. 25, 1919.

4 SHEETSSHEET 1 Mam I? .29 $5; flw

attorney, 5

A. H. DICK.

SPARK ARRESTER.

APPLICATION FILED MAY 3. 1911.

Patented Nov. 25, 1919.

4 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

A. H. DICK.

SPARK ARRESTER.

APPLICATION FILED MAY s. 19H.

Patented Nov. 25, 1919.

4 SHEETS-SHEET 3- a. g I

attache/ 5 A. H. DICK.

SPARK ARRESTER. APPLICATION FILED MAY 3. 1911.

1,322,768. Patented Nov. 25, 191.9;

4 SHEETS-SHEET 4- MMM M v 5931 l "Q ARCHIBALD HASTIE DICK, 0F SGHENEdTADY, NEW YORK.

SPARK-ARRESTEB.

Specification of Letters Patent.

' Patented-Nov.25,1919.

Application filed May 3, 1917. Serial-N0. 166,255.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, ARCHIBALD H.'DIGK, a subject of the King of Great Britain and Ireland, who have declared my intention to become a citizen of the United States, am a resident of Schenectady, in the county of Schenectady and State of New York, temporarily residing at Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, and have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Spark-Arresters, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates primarily 'to front end arrangements for locomotives, "and more specifically to a spark arrester of the rotary type.

It has heretofore been proposed to place a rotary cylindrical screen in the space between the exhaust nozzle and the stack of a locomotive, and to rotate it by the exhaust exhaust blast. This mechanism by breaking and deflecting the main jet of exhaust steam seriously impairs ejector action of the steam jet and causes an undesirable reduction of draft.

Consequently, one of the important objects of the present invention is the provision of a type of'supporting and driving mechanism which shall deflect only a small portion of the jet, leaving the main central portion of the jet to pursue its normal course. This result is secured byusing annular bearings, in combination with an annular peripheral turbine formed partly onthe exhaust nozzle, said bearings and the fluid passages of the turbine encircling and being concentric with the central portion of the jet. This operates efficiently with only a small proportion of the exhaust steam, and the remaining centr'alportion of the jet is unimpaired either in velocity or direction." Th said turbine may be operated either with live steam or exhaust steam, or a combination of both live steam and exhaust steam.

Other features of the invention relate to special" forms and arrangements of parts suchas the turbine rotor, screen, etc., and will be readily understood by those skilled in the art, from the following description and from the accompanying drawings, in

ment of my invention when used on a locomotive;

Fig. 3 is a section on the line 33 of Fig. 1;

Fig. 4. is a plan view of the turbine rotor;

F ig. 5 is a section on the line 5-5 of Fig. 4;

Fig. 6 nozzle;

Fig, 7 is a section on the line 7-7 of Fig. 6;

Fig. 8 is a section on the line- 8-8 of Fig. 6.

In the drawings, '9 is the exhaust pipe leading from the exhaust passages in the saddle and 10 is the exhaust nozzle casting which is connected to the exhaust pipe 9 by studs or bolts as shown, but may be made in one piece therewith. An interchangeable thimble or bush. 11, is provided for the nozzle lOand is held by studs 12. The form of the thimble 11 may be varied to adis' a plan view of the exhaust just the exhaust jet to the requirements of.

any particular service, and this makes relatively simple the standardization of the nozzle 10 in a relatively small number of dif ferent sizes.

The nozzle 10 has, in addition to the central orifice which carries the bushing 11, an annular series of apertures 13 which serve as-turbine nozzles and conduct a relatively small quantity of exhaust steam to the turbine rotor 14. One or more of this series of apertures 13 may be utilized to conduct a relatively small quantity of live steam to the turbine motor. This live steam supply may be regulated in any convenient manner, preferably by means of an ordinary valve in the live steam supply pipes 29. The rotor 14' is a ring-shaped'castin'g having oblique blades sired to reduce the consumption of steam any of the various sclentlfic deslgns of noz I zle and bucket may be used with good efiect.

The rotor 14 in the preferred form turns in contact with a bearing plate 16fast on the top of nozzle 10, and a thrust plate 21 secured to nozzle 10 by studs or bolts 12, and is free to revolve thereon. It is held centered by a depending flange 17 running in a groove 18 formed in nozzle casting 10. In

some cases it will be found desirable to provide the groove 18 with balls 19, and to --plaoe;balls 20 over flange 17, thus making the rotor of a ball bearing type as illustrated in Fig. 1.

' with nozzle bushing 11,and the bearing plate 16 may be omitted. I

. The screen structure consists of a cylindrical screen secured to conical base plate 23, to the outer flange of rotor casting 14, and to the top ring 2 1 by either bolts or rivets. The top ring 2 1 is constructed of a circular plate 24 and angle irons 25, and is free to move around a depending portion 26 of the smoke stack 27. e f

While the

screen members

22, 23, and 24 may be of any fora-minous material such as netting or various forms of perforated plate, I show and prefer screen 22 of netting,.base plate 23 and top ring 24 of plate.

An ordinary petticoat pipe 28 may be a used in combination with this device if desired. i

.Deflecting plates 30 may be used if desired when it is ;necessary to increase the speed of the gaseous products of com bustion'through netting 22. The preferred arrangement as illustrated shows'the deflecting plates 30 bolted to rotor casting 14:, but they may be fastened to screen 22 either ontheinside or outside of screen 22 Thelnvention is shown in Fig. 2 mounted in a locomotive smoke box, that being the usual but not the exclusive field of use for the device. The blast of the exhaust'creates a draft out through the stack in the usual manner and a part of the exhaust, which may be assisted by live steainfrom the holler, rotates the screen; which is. in the path of products of combustion passing to the stack. As the screen moves faster than the cinders they are thrown back into the smoke box and out of the line of draft. Small sparks are beaten out or extinguished.

The screen thus. arrests and extinguishes sparks-andis self'clearing. The deflecting plates convey the products of combustion from the'screen to the center of thev exhaust When ball bearings are used the plate 21 may be made in one piece jet where they are ejected out of the stack in the usual way. The defiectingplates also.

serve the purpose of beating out any rela.

tively small sparks which might findtheir way throughfholesin the screen. The device offers littleobstructio'n to the draft and doesnot retard or deflect the'draft-creating blast in any substantial degree.

The possibility of certaln modifications has been'suggested and others will be obvious to skilled mechanics. The important feature is the provision of. means for supporting and driving a screen of this type, without substantial interference with the exhaust blast. So far asthe feature of sup port isconcerned, it is noteven essent al that the turbine be of the exhaust, or l ve, steam variety. y y

It will be observed that under the above described construction and as plainly illustrated in the drawings, the space between the discharge endof the exhaust nozzle 10 and the smoke pipe' or petticoat pipe'28 1s wholly unobstructed, and no impediment of any sort obstructsthe exhaust. The deflecting plates .30 as will be seen upon reference to Figs. 1 and 3, lie wholly outside the 011's cumference of the outlet or central discharge opening of nozzle 10, and in planes parallel with the axis of rotation of the screen though tangential thereto. In other words, they lie in vertical" planes and not in planesoblique' to theaxis of rotation, hence afford free vertical passage for the exhaust throughout the area of the rotating screen,

thus avoiding radial arms, fan blades, and.

the like, movable across the path of the exhaust. This conduces greatly to the efliciency of the structure and is an important feature. of the invention.

Having .thus described. my invention, What I claim is 1. The combination of an exhaust nozzle; a smoke flue alined therewith and spaced therefrom; a-; rotatable tubular screen, having an unobstructed interior, bridging the interval between said nozzle and flue; bearings for said tubular screen; and a motor for rotating said screen;

ings for said tubular screenyand a motor operable by live steam from any source for rotating said screen,

I 4.1T he combinationof an exhaust nozzle,

a smoke flue alined therewith, andv spaced -therefrom,a rotatable tubular screen, hav

steam from said exhaust nozzle and-an auxiliary supply of live steam from any source.

6. The combination of an exhaust nozzle having a main central exhaust opening, and one or more lateral turbine nozzle openings; a flue alined wlth sald central exhaust opening and spaced from said exhaust nozzle; a

rotatably mounted tubular screen bridging the interval between said nozzle and flue; and a turbine rotor connected with said screen andhaving buckets in coactive relation with said turbine nozzles.

7. The combination of an exhaust nozzle, having a main central exhaust opening, and a surrounding annular series of turbine nozzles; a flue alined with said central exhaust opening and spaced from said exhaust nozzle; a rotatably mounted tubular screen bridging the interval between said nozzle and flue and inclosingsaid turbine nozzles and central exhaust opening; and an annular series of turbine buckets mounted on the inside of said screen in coactive relation with said turbine nozzles and out of the path of steam from said central exhaust opening. 8. The combination of an exhaust nozzle having a main central exhaust opening, a surrounding annular series of turbine nozzles, and an annular bearing; a flue alined with said central vexhaust opening and spaced from said exhaust nozzle; an annular turbine rotor mounted on said annular bearing and having a series of buckets in coactive relation with said nozzles but out of the path of steam from said centralexhaust opening; a tubular screen rigidly mounted on said rotor and bridging the interval between said exhaust nozzle and flue; and a thrust bearing for said rotor. v

9. The combination of an exhaust nozzle having a main central exhaust opening, a surrounding annular series of turbine nozzles, and an annular bearing; a flue alined with said central exhaust opening and spaced from said exhaust nozzle; an annular turblne rotor mounted on said annular bearing and having aseries ofbuckets lin coactiv'e relation with "said nozzles but out'of the path or steam from said central exhaust opening; a tubular screen rigidly 1no1n 1ted on said rotor outside said buckets fandbridging the interval between said exhaust nozzle and flue and a thrust-bearing for said rotor.

' .10. The combination of an exhaust nozzle I having a main central exhaustopening, a.v

surrounding annular series of turbine nozzles, and an annular bearing; a flue alined with said central exhaust opening and spaced from said exhaust nozzle; an annular turbine'rotor mounted on said annular bearing and having a series of buckets in coactive relation with said nozzles but out of the path of steam from said central exhaust 7 opening;

interval between said exhaust nozzle and flue; and a thrust bearing for said rotor serving to hold the rotors to its seat.

11. A removable exhaust nozzle and spark arrester unit, adapted to be interposed be- "tween the exhaust pipe and stack of a locomotive,.and comprising in combination an exhaust nozzle provldeol with attachlng means, a central exhaust opening, and lateral turbine nozzles; a rotary tubular screen journaled on said exhaust nozzle and hav- 1ng turbine buckets coacting with sald tur bine nozzles; and a thrust bearing for said Screen.

12. A removable exhaust nozzle and spark arrester unit, adapted to be interposed between theexhaust'pipe and stack of a locomotive, and comprising in combination an exhaust nozzle provided with attaching means, a central exhaust opening, and lateral turbine nozzles; and a rotary tubular screen journaled on said exhaust nozzle and shaving turbine buckets coacting with said turbine nozzles, said screen having at its top a collar loosely encircling a depending portion of the stack.

13. A removable exhaust nozzle and spark arrester unit adapted to beinterposed between the exhaust pipe and stack of a locomotive, and comprising in combination an exhaust nozzle provided with l attaching means, a central exhaust opening and an annular series of turbine nozzles surrounding said central exhaust opening; and a rotary tubular screen journaled on said exhaust nozzle and having on its inner side a plurality of turbine buckets in coactive relation with said turbine nozzles and out of the path of steam from said central exhaust opening; said screen having at its top a collar loosely encircling a depending portion of the stack.

14. The combination of an exhaust nozzle, a smoke flue alined therewith and spaced a tubular screeirrigidly. mounted on said rotor and bridging the] "therefrom; a rotetable tubuiar screen, hawing an unobstructed passage for 'the exhaust blast, bridging the interval between said .ter Of 'fihe exhaust bl st; and v motor f retatirigseldscreem tien pessing through s aid screeh'to the gen-'- In test? Orly} w re 51,2 59 5