US1322756A - Ptjrnace - Google Patents

Description

C. A. CADWELL.

v FURN'ACE.

APPLlCATlON FILED APR. 28, 1915.

322755. Patented Nov. 25, 1919.

assente.

Es A.. CADWELL, or CLEVELAND, oHio, AssiGNon To "HE ELECTRIC RAILWAY mriaovEmENr COMPANY, or CLEVELAND, omo,` A con onA'iIoN or oiiio.

EUBNACE. I

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Nov. 25, 1919.

Application led April 28, 1915. Serial No.'24,397.

To all 'wliom z't may concern.'

Be it known that I, CHARLES' A. CAD- wELL, a citizen of the United States, and

Y a resident of Cleveland, county of Cuyahoga,

and'State of Ohio, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Furnaces, of which the following is a' specification, the principle of the invention bein herein explained and the 'best mode in whic I have contemplated applying that principle, so as to distinguish it from other inventions.

The present improvements relate in general to furnaces, and-more particularly to a melting furnace, such as a furnace for heating crucibles or the like, although the several features of improvement involved are not necessarily limited to. use in this connection. The present improvements consist, briefiy stated, in the provision of more efficient means for 'starting such furnaces and in better. means for regulating and controlling the induced supply of air for combustion. 'The improvements include a device for preliminarily heating the vaporizing coil by an auxiliary Iiamc, which is discontinued after the furnace proper has been lighted and has developed the primary source of heating such coil. Different kinds of oil require varying degrees. of preheating for the best operation of an oil furnace of the type herein described, in fact, the degree of heating that may cause a furnace to operate successfully with one oil may cause the pipes to 'clog with a different kind of oil. Accordingly, in the present furnace not only is provision made for varying or regulating the temperature of such preheating coil but Athe latter is also so connected, that if .from the above, or any other cause, it is desired to replace the coil, it may be quickly and easily removed and a new one substituted for it without disturbing the lining of the furnace proper. The present improvements also include means for increasing or decreasing the resistance ofthe furnace chamber to the How of gases, and thus indirectly decreasing or increasing the amount of air current induced, by varying the total amount of discharge area for exit gases. To the accomplishment ofthe foregoing and related ends, said invention, then, consists of the means hereinafter fully described and particularly pointed out inA the claims.

The annexed drawing andthe following of a part.

description set forth in detail certain mechl anism 'embodying the invention, such disclosed means constituting, however, but one of'variousmechanical forms in which the principle of the invention may be used.

In said annexed drawing rFigure 1 is a vertical section through my improved furnace; and Fig. 2 is a plan view iks shown in Fig. 1, such furnace comprises a furnace chamber 1, proper, which is of general cylindrical form, and is constructed of suitable heat resisting material, such., for example, as fire-clay, 'mounted within a suitably shaped metal casing 2. This cylindrical rnace chamber 1 is adapted to be closed when desired by means of a movable top or cover 3, mounted upon a vertical shaft or pivot 4, by means of which the said top or cover may be swung to one side or the other in order to give access to the interior of the furnace. Said top or cover may also be raised or lowered and the space between said cover and the top of the furnace chamber, through which the gases of combustion tend to flow, bevaried to regulate the induction of air through the inlet orifice. To facilitate such raising and lowering, a handled cam 5 is rotatably mounted on shaft 4 so as to coperate' with an opposed cam-collar 5a fixed on said shaft,

Y as will .be readily understood. The cover 3, is provided with a central aperture 6, which in turn is adapted to be covered by means of a second cover 7 At one side, the furnace chamber 1, is provided with a hollow lateral extension '8, which in lon 'tudinal 11, preferably disposed to one side andabove the same, and connected by means of a passage 12 with the interior of the furnace proper. This chamber 11 consists of a cylindrical casing open at its upper end 13,

and has a lateral opening 14,`into which4 a starting torch l5 is arranged to direct a flame. As best shown in Fig. 2, said casing is preferably split in a central vertical plane, so as to permit the ready removal from within the same of the preheating, or vaporizing coil presently to be described.

Starting torch 15 is connected by means of a conduit 16, to the valve-controlled main fuel-supply conduit 17, a separate valve 18 being provided for closing this connection, except at starting. A continuation 17a of the fuel-supply conduit 17 extends preferably to the top of the chamber 11, and then passes downwardly through the same 1n the form of a coil 19. The conduit 17a after passing out of the chamber 11 near the bottom of the latter, curves downwardly, terminatingin a nozzle 20, arranged to inJect fuel into the lateral extension 8 of the furnace. The conduit section 17, including the .coil 19,'is rendered separable from the main conduit 17'by interposing a. union 17" at asuitable point in the line, thus making it possible lto replace one coilwith another by simply breakingthe joint at such union and opening the sectional casing of chamber .13. Various types of fuel may be supplied to the furnace under various conditions, but

preferably the fuel which will be supplied, will be oil under pressure, which will cause vthe same to be injected into the lateral extension 8, from the nozzle 20 when the control valve 21 in the conduit is opened.

In operating, the furnace will be started in the following manner by slightly opening valve 18, allowing' cold oil to flow through the starting torch 15 in quantity sufficient to fill a small pan 22, which is suspended below the torch burner. Valve 18 is then closed, and the small pan of oil ignited and allowed to burn with a red flame, which heats the burner of the torch. Upon now again opening valve 18, the heated torch will discharge a spray of vaporized-oil, which is ignited and the flame thus produced is dischargedthrough the opening 14 against the Vaporizing coil '19. The latter is thereby quickly heated and the operator may thereupon open slightly valve 21, admitting a small quan vtity of'oil to said coil. A spray of vaporized oil is' thus immediately obtained at nozzle 20, which may be ignited by the operator, and combustion so obtained both in the furnace proper and in the auxiliary chamber 13.

The main furnace, having cold walls on the start, will not immediately properly consume the normal amount of fuel and the operator will accordingly at first open the control valve 17 but slightly, and regulate the induction of air at the inlet orifice of lateral extension 8 by lowering the top, or cover'3,l

until itrests directly upon the walls of the furnace and also by closing cover 7, as shown in Fig.,1, so that all of the gases of combustion must obtain exit by flowing through duct 12 and chamber 13. After a few minutes, the ow of hot gases .above mentioned through duct 12 is suliicient alone, to heat the vaporizing coil 19, and the auxiliary torch 15 is stopped byclosing valve 18. As

raising the top or cover 3 of the furnace and thereby increasing the total area of discharge area for exit gases.

l3y means of the foregoing starting mechanism, the fuel for combustion in the furnace may be preheated rapidly without the necessity of supplying a fire in the interior of the furnace proper. At the same time, when, and as soon as, the temperature in the auxiliary chamber 19 has been brought to the proper degree for vaporizing the oil in the supply conduit section 1'?a a further rise in such temperature is prevented by the simple expedient of raising one or both of the covers 3 and 7. Thus the tendency of under extreme heat is entirely avoided and vyet thorough vaporization secured. When itdoes become necessary to replace the coil, this is very easily accomplished, as has already been explained, by reason of the disposition and construction of arts.

Other modes of applying t e principle of my invention may be employed instead of the one explained, change being made as regards the mechanism herein disclosed, provided the means stated by any of the following claims orthe equivalent of such stated means be employed.

I therefore particularly point out and distinctly claim as myv invention 1. In a furnace, the combination of a furnace chamber proper having an opening therein; a nozzle arranged to inject fuel into suchopening; a hollow extension to said furnace chamber; a fuel-supply conduit leading to said nozzle and having a coil disposed in such extension; and a starting torch arranged to direct a flame into such extension.

2. In a furnace, the combination of a fui'- nace chamber proper having a Ilateral opening therein;,a nozzle arranged to inject fuel into such opening; a hollow extension to said furnace chambers; a fuel supply conduit leadin to said nozzle and having a coil dispose in such extension; and a starting torch connected to said conduit and arranged to direct a ame into such extension.

3,. In a furnace, the combination of a furnace chamber proper having a lateral opening therein; a nozzle arranged to inject fuel into such opening; a hollow extension to said furnace chamber connected with the interior thereof; a fuel supply conduit leading to said nozzle and having a coil disposed in such extension, the section of said conduit including such coil' being separable from the remainder lof said conduit and removable from said extension; and a starting torch varranged to direct a flame into such extension.

4. In a furnace, the combination of a furnace chamber proper having a lateral opening therein; -a nozzle arranged to `inject fuel into such opening; a hollow extension to said furnace member connected to the interior thereof; a fuel supply conduit leading to said nozzle and having a coil disposed in such extension, a starting torch connected to said conduit and arranged to direct aflame into such extension; and a valve controlling the connection of said torch with said conduit.

5. In a furnace, the combination of a furnace chamber proper having a lateral opening therein; a nozzle arranged to inject fuel in such opening; a hollow extension to said chamber comprising 'a sectional casing connected with the upperl portion of said chambers interior; means for holding said scctional casin together; and a fuel supply conduit leading to'said nozzle and having a coil `disposed in such. casing, the section of said conduit including such coil being separable from the remalnderof said conduit andl removable from said casing with the outer section of the same upon the removal of said holding means. j

. 6. In a furnace, the combination of a furnace chamber proper having a lateral opening therein; a nozzle arranged to inject fuel 1n such opening2 a hollow extension to said chamber, comprlsing a sectional casing connected with the fupperA portion ofsaid chambers interior; and. a fuel supply conduit leading to said nozzleand having a coil dise from the lremainder of said conduit and removable from said casin upon separating the sections thereof; am? a starting torch connected to said conduit and adapted to direct a flame into such extension.

7. In a furnace, the combination of a furnace chamber proper having an opening therein; a nozzle arranged to inject fuel into such opening; a hollow extension to said furnace chamber; a fuel-supply conduit leading to said nozzle and having a coil disposed in such extension; a vertically movable cover for said furnace; and means for thus moving the same, whereby the draft through the latter may be increased and the fiow of heated gases through such extension simultaneously decreased.

8. In a furnace, the combination of a furnace chamber proper having an opening therein; a nozzle arranged to inject fuel into such opening; a hollow extension to said furnace chamber; a fuel supply conduit leading to said nozzle and having a coil disposed in such extension; a vertically movable cover for said furnace; means for thus moving and maintaining said cover in the desired vertical. position, 4whereby the draft through said furnace may be increased and the flow of heated gases through such extension simultaneuosly decreased.

9. In a furnace, the combination of a furnace chamber proper having a lateral opening therein; a nozzle arranged to inject fuel insuch opening; a hollow extension to said chamber; a fuel supply conduit leading to said nozzle and having a coil disposed in such extension; a movable cover for said furnace; means for adjusting and maintainino* the position of said cover including a handled cam and connections between the same and said cover.

10. In a furnace, the combination of `furnace chamber properhaving a lateral opening therein; a nozzle arranged to inject fuelinto such opening; a split hollow extension to said furnace chamber; a fuel supply conduit leading to said nozzle and having a coil disposed in such extension; said conduit containing said coil being removable when said extension' is split apart; and means for controlling the flow of heated gases through such extension.

CHARLES A. GADWELL.

Afa-.Sad by W. VAN Nos'rnnm GEORGE H. STEPHENsoN.

j Signed by me, this 23 day of April, 1915. 105 posed 1n such casmg,. the"section of such condult mcludingvsuch co i1 being separable

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